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Cozzolino L, Nicastro KR, Seuront L, McQuaid CD, Zardi GI. The relative effects of interspecific and intraspecific diversity on microplastic trapping in coastal biogenic habitats. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 848:157771. [PMID: 35926622 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Our understanding of how anthropogenic stressors such as climate change and plastic pollution interact with biodiversity is being widened to include diversity below the species level, i.e., intraspecific variation. The emerging appreciation of the key ecological importance of intraspecific diversity and its potential loss in the Anthropocene, further highlights the need to assess the relative importance of intraspecific versus interspecific diversity. One such issue is whether a species responds as a homogenous whole to plastic pollution. Using manipulative field transplant experiments and laboratory-controlled hydrodynamic simulations, we assessed the relative effects of intraspecific and interspecific diversity on microplastic trapping in coastal biogenic habitats dominated by two key bioengineers, the brown intertidal macroalgae Fucus vesiculosus and F. guiryi. At the individual level, northern morphotypes of F. guiryi trapped more microplastics than southern individuals, and F. vesiculosus trapped more microplastics than F. guiryi. Canopy density varied among species, however, leading to reversed patterns of microplastic accumulation, with F. guiryi canopies accumulating more microplastics than those of F. vesiculosus, while no differences were observed between the canopies of F. guiryi morphotypes. We emphasize the importance of assessing the effects of intraspecific variation which, along with other crucial factors such as canopy density, flow velocity and polymer composition, modulates the extent of microplastic accumulation in coastal biogenic habitats. Our findings indicate that a realistic estimation of plastic accumulation in biogenic habitats requires an understanding of within- and between-species traits at both the individual and population levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Cozzolino
- CCMAR-Centro de Ciencias do Mar, CIMAR Laboratório Associado, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro 8005-139, Portugal.
| | - Katy R Nicastro
- CCMAR-Centro de Ciencias do Mar, CIMAR Laboratório Associado, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro 8005-139, Portugal; Univ. Lille, CNRS, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, UMR 8187 - LOG - Laboratoire d'Océanologie et de Géosciences, F-59000 Lille, France; Department of Zoology and Entomology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa
| | - Laurent Seuront
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, UMR 8187 - LOG - Laboratoire d'Océanologie et de Géosciences, F-59000 Lille, France; Department of Zoology and Entomology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa; Department of Marine Resources and Energy, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
| | - Christopher D McQuaid
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa
| | - Gerardo I Zardi
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa; Normandie Université, UNICAEN, Laboratoire Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques, UMR 8067 BOREA (CNRS, MNHN, UPMC, UCBN, IRD-207), CS 14032, 14000 Caen, France
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Zardi GI, Nicastro KR, McQuaid CD, de Jager M, van de Koppel J, Seuront L. Density-Dependent and Species-Specific Effects on Self-Organization Modulate the Resistance of Mussel Bed Ecosystems to Hydrodynamic Stress. Am Nat 2021; 197:615-623. [PMID: 33908830 DOI: 10.1086/713738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
AbstractSelf-organized, regular spatial patterns emerging from local interactions among individuals enhance the ability of ecosystems to respond to environmental disturbances. Mussels self-organize to form large, regularly patterned biogenic structures that modify the biotic and abiotic environment and provide numerous ecosystem functions and services. We used two mussel species that form monospecific and mixed beds to investigate how species-specific behavior affects self-organization and resistance to wave stress. Perna perna has strong attachment but low motility, while Mytilus galloprovincialis shows the reverse. At low density, the less motile P. perna has limited spatial self-organization compared with M. galloprovincialis, while when coexisting, the two species formed random spatial patterns. At high density, the two species self-organized in similar ways, while when coexisting, patterns were less strong. Spatial pattern formations significantly shaped resistance to hydrodynamic stress. At low density, P. perna beds with strong attachment and M. galloprovincialis beds with strong spatial organization showed higher retention rates than mixed beds. At high density, the presence of strongly attached P. perna significantly increased retention in mixed and P. perna beds compared with M. galloprovincialis beds. Our study emphasizes the importance of the interplay of species-specific behaviors to spatial self-organization and stress tolerance in natural communities.
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Westerbom M, Kraufvelin P, Erlandsson J, Korpinen S, Mustonen O, Díaz E. Wave stress and biotic facilitation drive community composition in a marginal hard‐bottom ecosystem. Ecosphere 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.2883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mats Westerbom
- Tvärminne Zoological Station Helsinki University J. A. Palmensväg 260 Hangö 10900 Finland
| | - Patrik Kraufvelin
- Department of Aquatic Resources Institute of Coastal Research Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Skolgatan 6 Öregrund 74242 Sweden
| | - Johan Erlandsson
- Miljöförvaltningen Göteborgs Stad, Box 7012 Göteborg 402 31 Sweden
| | - Samuli Korpinen
- Finnish Environment Institute Marine Research Centre Latokartanonkaari 11 Helsinki 00790 Finland
| | - Olli Mustonen
- Tvärminne Zoological Station Helsinki University J. A. Palmensväg 260 Hangö 10900 Finland
| | - Eliecer Díaz
- Department of Environmental Sciences University of Helsinki PO Box 65 (Viikinkaari 1) Helsinki 00014 Finland
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Skein L, Alexander M, Robinson T. Contrasting invasion patterns in intertidal and subtidal mussel communities. AFRICAN ZOOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/15627020.2018.1448720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Skein
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Mhairi Alexander
- School of Science and Sport, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley, UK
| | - Tamara Robinson
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
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Irvine MA, Jackson EL, Kenyon EJ, Cook KJ, Keeling MJ, Bull JC. Fractal measures of spatial pattern as a heuristic for return rate in vegetative systems. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2016; 3:150519. [PMID: 27069643 PMCID: PMC4821254 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.150519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Measurement of population persistence is a long-standing problem in ecology; in particular, whether it is possible to gain insights into persistence without long time-series. Fractal measurements of spatial patterns, such as the Korcak exponent or boundary dimension, have been proposed as indicators of the persistence of underlying dynamics. Here we explore under what conditions a predictive relationship between fractal measures and persistence exists. We combine theoretical arguments with an aerial snapshot and time series from a long-term study of seagrass. For this form of vegetative growth, we find that the expected relationship between the Korcak exponent and persistence is evident at survey sites where the population return rate can be measured. This highlights a limitation of the use of power-law patch-size distributions and other indicators based on spatial snapshots. Moreover, our numeric simulations show that for a single species and a range of environmental conditions that the Korcak-persistence relationship provides a link between temporal dynamics and spatial pattern; however, this relationship is specific to demographic factors, so we cannot use this methodology to compare between species.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. A. Irvine
- Centre for Complexity Science, Zeeman Building, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - E. L. Jackson
- School of Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, North Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia
| | - E. J. Kenyon
- School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
| | | | - M. J. Keeling
- Mathematics Institute and Department of Biological Sciences, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - J. C. Bull
- Department of Biosciences, University of Swansea, Swansea, UK
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A novel dengue virus serotype-2 nanovaccine induces robust humoral and cell-mediated immunity in mice. Vaccine 2015; 33:1702-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Revised: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Imre AR, Novotný J, Rocchini D. The Korcak-exponent: A non-fractal descriptor for landscape patchiness. ECOLOGICAL COMPLEXITY 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecocom.2012.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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