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Han R, Hu J. Acupuncture: An Overview on Its Functions, Meridian Pathways and Molecular Mechanisms. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2024:1-30. [PMID: 39212494 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x24500496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Recent research has extensively explored the intricate mechanisms that underlie the effectiveness of acupuncture, highlighting the importance of stimulating acupoints, the role of acupuncture techniques in managing diseases, and the interaction between meridian pathways and molecular processes. Studies have underscored the crucial role of acupuncture in activating neurons, modulating the immune system, and influencing vascular activity, all of which contribute significantly to its therapeutic benefits across a wide range of symptoms and conditions. Utilization of imaging modalities enables the identification of changes in cerebral blood flow, brain function, and regional glucose metabolism following acupuncture sessions. The interstitial fluid circulation network within meridians adheres to specific laws that facilitate the transportation of materials. Acupuncture initiates the release of neurotransmitters, neuropeptides, and immune factors, impacting pain perception, inflammation, and physiological functions. It influences the complex neuro-endocrine-immune network by activating pathways involving the nervous system, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, and immune responses. Moreover, acupuncture induces molecular modifications such as phosphorylation, methylation, and histone modification, leading to key molecular changes that ultimately result in anti-inflammatory effects and the regulation of immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Han
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Jinlian Hu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, P. R. China
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Oh JY, Lee H, Jang SY, Kim H, Park G, Serikov A, Jang JH, Kim J, Yang S, Sa M, Lee SE, Han YE, Hwang TY, Jung SJ, Kim HY, Lee SE, Oh SJ, Kim J, Kim J, Kim J, McHugh TJ, Lee CJ, Nam MH, Park HJ. Central Role of Hypothalamic Circuits for Acupuncture's Anti-Parkinsonian Effects. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2403245. [PMID: 39119926 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202403245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Despite clinical data stretching over millennia, the neurobiological basis of the effectiveness of acupuncture in treating diseases of the central nervous system has remained elusive. Here, using an established model of acupuncture treatment in Parkinson's disease (PD) model mice, we show that peripheral acupuncture stimulation activates hypothalamic melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) neurons via nerve conduction. We further identify two separate neural pathways originating from anatomically and electrophysiologically distinct MCH neuronal subpopulations, projecting to the substantia nigra and hippocampus, respectively. Through chemogenetic manipulation specifically targeting these MCH projections, their respective roles in mediating the acupuncture-induced motor recovery and memory improvements following PD onset are demonstrated, as well as the underlying mechanisms mediating recovery from dopaminergic neurodegeneration, reactive gliosis, and impaired hippocampal synaptic plasticity. Collectively, these MCH neurons constitute not only a circuit-based explanation for the therapeutic effectiveness of traditional acupuncture, but also a potential cellular target for treating both motor and non-motor PD symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Young Oh
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
- Studies of Translational Acupuncture Research (STAR), Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyowon Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Young Jang
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
- Studies of Translational Acupuncture Research (STAR), Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjin Kim
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
- Department of KHU-KIST Convergence Science and Technology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Geunhong Park
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Almas Serikov
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hwan Jang
- Studies of Translational Acupuncture Research (STAR), Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Junyeop Kim
- Laboratory of Stem Cells & Cell Reprogramming, Department of Chemistry, Dongguk University, Seoul, 04629, Republic of Korea
| | - Seulkee Yang
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Moonsun Sa
- Center for Cognition and Sociality, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon, 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Eun Lee
- Center for Cognition and Sociality, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon, 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Eun Han
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Yeon Hwang
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
- Studies of Translational Acupuncture Research (STAR), Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Sharon Jiyoon Jung
- Technological Convergence Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Young Kim
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Eun Lee
- Center for Cognition and Sociality, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon, 34126, Republic of Korea
- Research Animal Resource Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Jin Oh
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongjin Kim
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongyeon Kim
- Emotion, Cognition & Behavior Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, 41062, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongpil Kim
- Laboratory of Stem Cells & Cell Reprogramming, Department of Chemistry, Dongguk University, Seoul, 04629, Republic of Korea
| | - Thomas J McHugh
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
- Laboratory for Circuit and Behavioral Physiology, RIKEN, Wako-shi Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - C Justin Lee
- Center for Cognition and Sociality, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon, 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Ho Nam
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
- Department of KHU-KIST Convergence Science and Technology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Hi-Joon Park
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
- Studies of Translational Acupuncture Research (STAR), Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of KHU-KIST Convergence Science and Technology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
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Xu H, Luo Y, Li Q, Zhu H. Acupuncture influences multiple diseases by regulating gut microbiota. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1371543. [PMID: 39040602 PMCID: PMC11260648 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1371543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Acupuncture, an important green and side effect-free therapy in traditional Chinese medicine, is widely use both domestically and internationally. Acupuncture can interact with the gut microbiota and influence various diseases, including metabolic diseases, gastrointestinal diseases, mental disorders, nervous system diseases, and other diseases. This review presents a thorough analysis of these interactions and their impacts and examines the alterations in the gut microbiota and the potential clinical outcomes following acupuncture intervention to establish a basis for the future utilization of acupuncture in clinical treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Xu
- Department of Abdominal Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yingzhe Luo
- Department of Oncology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiaoqi Li
- Department of Abdominal Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hong Zhu
- Department of Abdominal Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Li B, Deng S, Jiang H, Zhu W, Zhuo B, Du Y, Meng Z. The mechanistic effects of acupuncture in rodent neurodegenerative disease models: a literature review. Front Neurosci 2024; 18:1323555. [PMID: 38500484 PMCID: PMC10944972 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1323555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases refer to a battery of medical conditions that affect the survival and function of neurons in the brain, which are mainly presented with progressive loss of cognitive and/or motor function. Acupuncture showed benign effects in improving neurological deficits, especially on movement and cognitive function impairment. Here, we reviewed the therapeutic mechanisms of acupuncture at the neural circuit level in movement and cognition disorders, summarizing the influence of acupuncture in the dopaminergic system, glutamatergic system, γ-amino butyric acid-ergic (GABAergic) system, serotonergic system, cholinergic system, and glial cells at the circuit and synaptic levels. These findings can provide targets for clinical treatment and perspectives for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boxuan Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Shizhe Deng
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Hailun Jiang
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Weiming Zhu
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Bifang Zhuo
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuzheng Du
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhihong Meng
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
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Hu XM, Song LZX, Zhang ZZ, Ruan X, Li HC, Yu Z, Huang L. Electroacupuncture at ST25 corrected gut microbial dysbiosis and SNpc lipid peroxidation in Parkinson's disease rats. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1358525. [PMID: 38450172 PMCID: PMC10915097 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1358525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Parkinson's disease (PD) remains one kind of a complex, progressive neurodegenerative disease. Levodopa and dopamine agonists as widely utilized PD therapeutics have not shown significant positive long-term outcomes. Emerging evidences indicate that electroacupuncture (EA) have potential effects on the therapy of nervous system disorders, particularly PD, but its specific underlying mechanism(s) remains poorly understood, leading to the great challenge of clinical application and management. Previous study has shown that acupuncture ameliorates PD motor symptoms and dopaminergic neuron damage by modulating intestinal dysbiosis, but its intermediate pathway has not been sufficiently investigated. Methods A rat model of PD was induced using rotenone. The therapeutic effect of EA on PD was assessed using the pole and rotarod tests and immunohistostaining for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in the substantia nigra (SN) of brain. The role of gut microbiota was explored using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and metabonomic analysis. PICRUSt2 analysis, lipidomic analysis, LPS and inflammatory factor assays were used for subsequent exploration and validation. Correlation analysis was used to identify the key bacteria that EA regulates lipid metabolism to improve PD. Results The present study firstly reappeared the effects of EA on protecting motor function and dopaminergic neurons and modulation of gut microbial dysbiosis in rotenone-induced PD rat model. EA improved motor dysfunction (via the pole and rotarod tests) and protected TH+ neurons in PD rats. EA increased the abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Lactobacillus, Dubosiella and Bifidobacterium and decreased the abundance of Escherichia-Shigella and Morganella belonging to Pseudomonadota, suggesting that the modulation of gut microbiota by EA improving the symptoms of PD motility via alleviating LPS-induced inflammatory response and oxidative stress, which was also validated by various aspects such as microbial gene functional analysis, fecal metabolomics analysis, LPS and inflammatory factor assays and SNpc lipidomics analysis. Moreover, correlation analyses also verified strong correlations of Escherichia-Shigella and Morganella with motor symptoms and SNpc lipid peroxidation, explicating targets and intermediate pathways through which EA improve PD exercise symptom. Conclusion Our results indicate that the improvement of motor function in PD model by EA may be mediated in part by restoring the gut microbiota, which intermediate processes involve circulating endotoxins and inflammatory mediators, SNpc oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation. The gut-microbiome - brain axis may be a potential mechanism of EA treatment for the PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan-ming Hu
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Rheumatology of Zhejiang Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li-zhe-xiong Song
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion, Tuina of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhi-zi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion, Tuina of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xi Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Rheumatology of Zhejiang Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hai-chang Li
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Rheumatology of Zhejiang Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhi Yu
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Lin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Rheumatology of Zhejiang Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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Li X, Wang Y, Wu L, Zhao X, Zhu T. Acupuncture for tumor-related depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1198286. [PMID: 37614513 PMCID: PMC10442935 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1198286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Tumor-related depression is a series of symptoms or states triggered by a tumor as the basic disease. It does not belong to psychiatric depression but dramatically affects individuals' quality of life. Acupuncture is extensively used to treat tumor-related depression, but the effect of body acupuncture on tumor-related depression is still unsubstantiated. This work, therefore, set out to assess the effect of acupuncture on tumor-related depression. Methods Eight databases were searched from inception to October 2022 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Two researchers separately implemented the database search, study selection, data extraction, and quality assessment. All analyses were performed by using Review Manager 5.3. Results A total of 10 studies, including 725 participants, were included. A majority of studies recruited patients diagnosed with various tumor types and statuses. Meta-analysis revealed that acupuncture had a beneficial effect compared with usual care on the Hamilton depression scale (HAMD) (mean difference (MD) = -2.23, 95% CI [-4.43, -0.03], p = 0.05), self-rating depression scale (SDS) (MD= -6.22, 95% CI [-10.67, -1.78], p = 0.006), effective rate (RR = 1.23, 95% CI [1.06, 1.43], p = 0.006), and quality-of-life questionnaire (QLQ-C30) (MD = 6.08, 95% CI [3.72, 8.43], p<0.0001). In the dimension of the HAMD (MD = -4.41, 95% CI [-6.77, -2.05], p = 0.0002) and SDS (MD = -9.19, 95% CI [-13.14, -5.24], p <0.00001), subgroup analysis also highlighted that acupuncture combined with usual care had an advantage over usual care. However, there was no superiority in acupuncture itself compared to usual care on the HAMD (MD = -1.25, 95% CI [-4.34, -1.84], p = 0.43) and SDS (MD = -3.08, 95% CI [-11.14, 4.98], p = 0.45). Acupuncture also reduced the incidence of adverse effects (RR=0.43, 95% CI [0.23, 0.80], p = 0.008). Conclusion Acupuncture is a safe and effective complementary therapy for tumor-related depression. This technique can provide clinical references for the medical field. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO, identifier CRD42022372513.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Li
- School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Wang
- School of Sports Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liu Wu
- School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinyu Zhao
- School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Tianmin Zhu
- School of Rehabilitation and Health Preservation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Tsai ST, Nithiyanantham S, Satyanarayanan SK, Su KP. Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Traditional Chinese Medicine on the Concept of Mind-Body Interface. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1411:435-458. [PMID: 36949321 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-19-7376-5_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
In this chapter, we conducted a systemic literature review for the anti-inflammatory effects of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) applying molecular mechanisms focusing on the neuroinflammation and gut-brain axis in three neuropsychiatric disorders: major depressive disorder, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease. We demonstrated the anti-inflammation or immunomodulation effects of TCM, including acupuncture, from basic and clinical research, including cellular and molecular approaches. In conclusion, inflammation plays a critical role in the neuropsychopathological process. At the same time, anti-inflammation seems to be the common biological pathway for the effects of TCM and acupuncture in depression, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Ta Tsai
- Department of Neurology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Srinivasan Nithiyanantham
- Department of Psychiatry and Mind-Body Interface Laboratory (MBI-Lab), China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Senthil Kumaran Satyanarayanan
- Department of Psychiatry and Mind-Body Interface Laboratory (MBI-Lab), China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Pin Su
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
- Department of Psychiatry and Mind-Body Interface Laboratory (MBI-Lab), China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
- An-Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan.
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Diagnosis and Management of Perinatal Depression. Nurs Womens Health 2022; 26:318-330. [PMID: 35714763 DOI: 10.1016/j.nwh.2022.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Perinatal depression is a mood disorder that may occur during pregnancy or within a year after childbirth. It can be disabling for the birthing parent and cause attachment and developmental problems for the infant. A host of risk factors, including genetics, reproductive history, and life experiences, are associated with perinatal depression. With validated screening tools, health care providers can assess individuals, initiate treatment, and/or refer as appropriate. Successful treatment, which may include modalities such as cognitive behavioral therapy and/or pharmacologic therapies, helps individuals maintain a sense of control, develop self-confidence, take control of their thinking, and learn coping skills. Integrative therapies and lifestyle changes have some success but may not be adequate for many individuals. Patients may benefit from providers learning and initiating cognitive behavioral therapy techniques while awaiting therapy.
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Akoolo L, Djokic V, Rocha SC, Ulloa L, Parveen N. Sciatic-Vagal Nerve Stimulation by Electroacupuncture Alleviates Inflammatory Arthritis in Lyme Disease-Susceptible C3H Mice. Front Immunol 2022; 13:930287. [PMID: 35924250 PMCID: PMC9342905 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.930287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Lyme disease is caused by Borrelia burgdorferi, and the pathogenesis of the disease is complex with both bacterial and host factors contributing to inflammatory responses. Lyme disease affects different organs including joints and results in arthritis. Immune responses stimulated by B. burgdorferi through toll-like receptors cause infiltration of leukocytes, which produce inflammatory cytokines and facilitate spirochete clearance. However, arthritic manifestations and chronic fatigue syndrome-like symptoms persist long after completion of antibiotic treatment regimens in a significant number of patients. To counter the effects of inflammation, treatment by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, hydroxychloroquine, or synovectomy to eradicate inflammatory arthritis in the involved joint could be employed; however, they often have long-term consequences. Acupuncture has been used for a long time in Asian medicine to diminish pain during various ailments, but the effects and its mechanism are just beginning to be explored. Control of inflammation by neuronal stimulation has been exploited as a systemic therapeutic intervention to arrest inflammatory processes. Our objective was to determine whether activation of the sciatic-vagal network by electroacupuncture on ST36 acupoint, which is used to control systemic inflammation in experimental models of infectious disorders such as endotoxemia, can also alleviate Lyme arthritis symptoms in mice. This aim was further strengthened by the reports that sciatic-vagal neuronal network stimulation can lead to dopamine production in the adrenal medulla and moderate the production of inflammatory factors. We first assessed whether electroacupuncture affects spirochete colonization to attenuate Lyme arthritis. Interestingly, bioluminescent B. burgdorferi burden detected by live imaging and qPCR were similar in electroacupuncture- and mock-treated mice, while electroacupuncture induced a lasting anti-inflammatory effect on mice. Despite the discontinuation of treatment at 2 weeks, the simultaneous decrease in neutrophils in the joints and inflammatory cytokine levels throughout the body at 4 weeks suggests a systemic and persistent effect of electroacupuncture that attenuates Lyme arthritis. Our results suggest that electroacupuncture-mediated anti-inflammatory responses could offer promising healthcare benefits in patients suffering from long-term Lyme disease manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lavoisier Akoolo
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Vitomir Djokic
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Sandra C. Rocha
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Luis Ulloa
- Center of Perioperative Organ Protection, Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Nikhat Parveen
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, United States
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Liu X, Fan T, Guan J, Luo A, Yu Y, Chen D, Mao B, Jiang H, Liu W. Dopamine relieves inflammatory responses through the D2 receptor after electroacupuncture at ST36 in a mouse model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Acupunct Med 2022:9645284221107684. [PMID: 35775581 DOI: 10.1177/09645284221107684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To detect the role of dopamine in the anti-inflammatory effect of electroacupuncture (EA) at ST36 in a mouse model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). METHODS Twenty-eight male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into the control group, model group, sham EA (sham) group or ST36 EA (ST36) group in a 1:1:1:1 ratio (n = 7 each). The COPD mouse model was established through cigarette smoke (CS) exposure for 12 weeks. During the last 2 weeks, EA was applied at a sham point location or ST36 before CS exposure. Lung function, histopathological changes, inflammatory cell counts in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), inflammatory cytokines in BALF, plasma, lung tissue homogenate (LTH), and plasma dopamine levels were detected in the different groups. Furthermore, the role of different dopamine receptors was explored through intraperitoneal injections of non-specific dopamine receptor antagonist chlorpromazine, specific dopamine D1 receptor antagonist SCH 23390 and specific dopamine D2 receptor antagonist eticlopride hydrochloride prior to ST36 EA and CS exposure. RESULTS EA at ST36 improved lung function, alleviated lung and systemic inflammatory responses by reducing inflammatory cells and cytokines including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-8 and IL-1β in BALF, plasma and lung tissue in this COPD mouse model. Plasma dopamine was greatly increased after EA at ST36, negatively correlated with lung histological lesions and inflammatory cytokine levels, and positively correlated with mice body weight and lung function indicators. Chlorpromazine and eticlopride hydrochloride inhibited the anti-inflammatory effect of EA at ST36, while SCH 23390 showed no neutralizing effect. CONCLUSION EA at ST36 could alleviate inflammation in this mouse model of COPD through the dopamine D2 receptor pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Liu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Pulmonary Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of China, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Fan
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinshuai Guan
- Department of Medicine-Neurology, Meishan Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Hospital, Meishan, China
| | - Ai Luo
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Yu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Daohong Chen
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bing Mao
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongli Jiang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Oh JY, Lee YS, Hwang TY, Cho SJ, Jang JH, Ryu Y, Park HJ. Acupuncture Regulates Symptoms of Parkinson’s Disease via Brain Neural Activity and Functional Connectivity in Mice. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:885396. [PMID: 35774113 PMCID: PMC9237259 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.885396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a multilayered progressive brain disease characterized by motor dysfunction and a variety of other symptoms. Although acupuncture has been used to ameliorate various symptoms of neurodegenerative disorders, including PD, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Here, we investigated the mechanism of acupuncture by revealing the effects of acupuncture treatment on brain neural responses and its functional connectivity in an animal model of PD. We observed that destruction of neuronal network between many brain regions in PD mice were reversed by acupuncture. Using machine learning analysis, we found that the key region associated with the improvement of abnormal behaviors might be related to the neural activity of M1, suggesting that the changes of c-Fos in M1 could predict the improvement of motor function induced by acupuncture treatment. In addition, acupuncture treatment was shown to significantly normalize the brain neural activity not only in M1 but also in other brain regions related to motor behavior (striatum, substantia nigra pars compacta, and globus pallidus) and non-motor symptoms (hippocampus, lateral hypothalamus, and solitary tract) of PD. Taken together, our results demonstrate that acupuncture treatment might improve the PD symptoms by normalizing the brain functional connectivity in PD mice model and provide new insights that enhance our current understanding of acupuncture mechanisms for non-motor symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Young Oh
- Department of Korean Medical Science, Graduate School of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
- Studies of Translational Acupuncture Research (STAR), Acupuncture and Meridian Science Research Center (AMSRC), Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ye-Seul Lee
- Jaseng Spine and Joint Research Institute, Jaseng Medical Foundation, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Tae-Yeon Hwang
- Department of Korean Medical Science, Graduate School of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
- Studies of Translational Acupuncture Research (STAR), Acupuncture and Meridian Science Research Center (AMSRC), Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seong-Jin Cho
- Korean Medicine Fundamental Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jae-Hwan Jang
- Department of Korean Medical Science, Graduate School of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
- Studies of Translational Acupuncture Research (STAR), Acupuncture and Meridian Science Research Center (AMSRC), Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yeonhee Ryu
- Korean Medicine Fundamental Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Hi-Joon Park
- Department of Korean Medical Science, Graduate School of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
- Studies of Translational Acupuncture Research (STAR), Acupuncture and Meridian Science Research Center (AMSRC), Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Hi-Joon Park
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Fan JQ, Lu WJ, Tan WQ, Feng WC, Zhuang LX. Acupuncture for Parkinson's disease: From theory to practice. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 149:112907. [PMID: 35366533 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in molecular biology and biochemistry have improved the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD). There has been extensive evidence on the benefit of standard treatment (e.g., deep brain stimulation, levodopa, and dopamine agonists) and acupuncture for PD. This article aims to distill the similarities and differences in the treatment concepts between Chinese and Western medicine from the perspective of reinforcing the deficiency and purging the excess, summarize the latest evidence on the benefits of acupuncture for PD from theory to practice, and propose prospective treatment options for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Qi Fan
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei-Jing Lu
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei-Qiang Tan
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei-Cheng Feng
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong, China
| | - Li-Xing Zhuang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong, China.
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Park S, Kim A, Park G, Kwon O, Park S, Yoo H, Jang J. Investigation of Therapeutic Response Markers for Acupuncture in Parkinson's Disease: An Exploratory Pilot Study. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11091697. [PMID: 34574038 PMCID: PMC8468821 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11091697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In this preliminary pilot study, we investigated the specific genes implicated in the therapeutic response to acupuncture in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Transcriptome alterations following acupuncture in blood samples collected during our previous clinical trial were analyzed along with the clinical data of six patients with PD, of which a representative patient was selected for transcriptomic analysis following acupuncture. We also examined the changes in the expression of PD biomarker genes known to be dysregulated in both the brain and blood of patients with PD. We validated these gene expression changes using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) in the blood of the remaining five patients with PD who received acupuncture treatment. Following acupuncture treatment, the transcriptomic alterations in the representative patient were similar to those induced by dopaminergic therapy. Among the PD biomarkers, ankyrin repeat domain 22 (ANKRD22), upregulated following dopaminergic therapy, and synapsin 1 (SYN1), a common gene marker for synaptic dysfunction in PD, were upregulated following acupuncture. These alterations correlated with changes in gait parameters in patients with PD. Our data suggest ANKRD22 and SYN1 as potential biomarkers to predict/monitor therapeutic responses to acupuncture in patients with PD, especially in those with gait disturbance. Further research is needed to confirm these findings in a large sample of patients with PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangmin Park
- KM Data Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseongdae-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Korea;
| | - Aeyung Kim
- KM Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 70 Cheomdan-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41062, Korea;
| | - Gunhyuk Park
- Herbal Medicine Resources Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 111 Geonjae-ro, Naju-si 58245, Korea;
| | - Ojin Kwon
- KM Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseongdae-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Korea;
| | - Sangsoo Park
- Clinical Trial Center, Daejeon Korean Medicine Hospital, 75, Daedeok-Daero 176 Beon-gil, Seo-gu, Daejeon 35235, Korea;
| | - Horyong Yoo
- Clinical Trial Center, Daejeon Korean Medicine Hospital, 75, Daedeok-Daero 176 Beon-gil, Seo-gu, Daejeon 35235, Korea;
- Correspondence: (H.Y.); (J.J.)
| | - Junghee Jang
- KM Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseongdae-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Korea;
- Clinical Trial Center, Daejeon Korean Medicine Hospital, 75, Daedeok-Daero 176 Beon-gil, Seo-gu, Daejeon 35235, Korea;
- Correspondence: (H.Y.); (J.J.)
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Feng Y, Zhou S, Sun J. Exercise increases striatal Glu reuptake and improves motor dysfunction in 6-OHDA-induced Parkinson's disease rats. Exp Brain Res 2021; 239:3277-3287. [PMID: 34463828 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-021-06186-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to clarify that exercise may improve the motor dysfunction of Parkinson's disease (PD) model rats by increasing the reuptake of glutamate (Glu) in the striatum. The neurotoxin 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) was injected into the medial forebrain bundle (MFB) of the rats' right brain to establish PD model rats with unilateral injury, and the sham operation group was given the same dose of normal saline at the same site as the control group. The reliability of the model was evaluated by apomorphine (APO)-induced rotation test combined with tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunohistochemical staining in the substantia nigra and striatum. The exercise group started treadmill training intervention (11 m/min, 30 min/day, 5d/week, and 4 weeks in total) 1 week after the operation. The balance bar test, suspension test, and the tail-lifting handstand test were used to evaluate exercise performance of rats; RT-PCR and western blotting were used to detect protein and mRNA expression of glutamate transporter-1 (GLT-1) and glutamine synthetase (GS) in the striatum; and isotope labeling was used to detect the ability of Glu reuptake in the striatum. (1) Compared with PD group, the number of TH immunoreactive cells in the substantia nigra and the content of TH immunoreactive fibers in the striatum did not change significantly in PD + Ex group. (2) Compared with PD group, the latency and total time of crossing the balance beam were significantly shorter (P < 0.01), the retention time of two forepaws on the metal wire was significantly longer (P < 0.01), the maximum lifting of head and trunk was significantly increased (P < 0.01) in PD + Ex group. (3) Compared with PD group, the ability of Glu reuptake in the striatum was significantly increased (P < 0.05), the expression levels of GLT-1 and GS mRNA in the striatum were significantly increased (P < 0.05), the protein expression of GLT-1 and GS in the striatum was significantly upregulated (P < 0.05) in PD + Ex group. Exercise intervention can significantly improve the motor dysfunction of PD model rats, increase the ability of striatal Glu reuptake significantly, and upregulate the expression levels of GLT-1 and GS protein and GS mRNA significantly. Exercise intervention may increase the protein expression level of GLT-1 and increase the reuptake ability of Glu in the striatum, thereby reducing the excitotoxic effect of excessive Glu on the postsynaptic membrane, and ultimately alleviate the motor dysfunction in PD model rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Feng
- Department of Physical Education, Lvliang college, No.1 college road, lishi district, Luliang city, Shanxi Province, China.
| | - Shifang Zhou
- Department of Physical Education, Lvliang college, No.1 college road, lishi district, Luliang city, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Jian Sun
- Institute of Physical Education, Xinjiang normal university, Urumqi city, Xinjiang province, China
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Acupuncture for Parkinson's Disease: Efficacy Evaluation and Mechanisms in the Dopaminergic Neural Circuit. Neural Plast 2021; 2021:9926445. [PMID: 34221005 PMCID: PMC8221898 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9926445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic and progressive neurodegenerative disease caused by degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Existing pharmaceutical treatments offer alleviation of symptoms but cannot delay disease progression and are often associated with significant side effects. Clinical studies have demonstrated that acupuncture may be beneficial for PD treatment, particularly in terms of ameliorating PD symptoms when combined with anti-PD medication, reducing the required dose of medication and associated side effects. During early stages of PD, acupuncture may even be used to replace medication. It has also been found that acupuncture can protect dopaminergic neurons from degeneration via antioxidative stress, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic pathways as well as modulating the neurotransmitter balance in the basal ganglia circuit. Here, we review current studies and reflect on the potential of acupuncture as a novel and effective treatment strategy for PD. We found that particularly during the early stages, acupuncture may reduce neurodegeneration of dopaminergic neurons and regulate the balance of the dopaminergic circuit, thus delaying the progression of the disease. The benefits of acupuncture will need to be further verified through basic and clinical studies.
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Jang JH, Park S, An J, Choi JD, Seol IC, Park G, Lee SH, Moon Y, Kang W, Jung ES, Cha JY, Kim CY, Kim S, Jung IC, Yoo H. Gait Disturbance Improvement and Cerebral Cortex Rearrangement by Acupuncture in Parkinson's Disease: A Pilot Assessor-Blinded, Randomized, Controlled, Parallel-Group Trial. Neurorehabil Neural Repair 2020; 34:1111-1123. [PMID: 33198568 DOI: 10.1177/1545968320969942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parkinson's disease (PD) leads to impaired mobility and limited independence. OBJECTIVE We investigated the effects of acupuncture on gait disturbance and analyzed hemodynamic changes caused by acupuncture in the cerebral cortex of patients with PD. METHODS Participants (n = 26) with gait disturbance due to PD were randomly assigned to the intervention (acupuncture twice a week for 4 weeks + conventional therapy) or control (conventional therapy) groups. We analyzed gait parameters using the GAITRite system and hemodynamic responses in the cerebral cortices using functional near-infrared spectroscopy, Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) scores, neurotransmitter levels, as well as the immediate effects of acupuncture in patients with PD. RESULTS The participants tended to walk with hypometric gait (high cadence, short steps) overground. After acupuncture treatment, those in the intervention group showed a significant reduction in cadence and the UPDRS scores involving "walking and balance" compared with those in the control group (P = .004 and P = .020, respectively); the stride, swing, and single support times were significantly increased (P = .006, P = .001, and P = .001, respectively). Oxyhemoglobin levels in the intervention group while walking on a treadmill were significantly increased in the prefrontal and supplementary motor areas. The oxyhemoglobin levels in the prefrontal cortex and swing time revealed significant positive correlations. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicated that acupuncture tended to improve hypometric gait and rearranged activation of the cerebral cortex. Thus, acupuncture may be a useful complementary treatment for gait disturbance, including hypometric gait, in patients with PD. Trial Registration Number. Clinical Research Information Service (KCT0002603), https://cris.nih.go.kr/cris/index.jsp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Hee Jang
- Dunsan Korean Medicine Hospital, Seo-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.,Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangsoo Park
- Dunsan Korean Medicine Hospital, Seo-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinung An
- Convergence Research Center for Wellness, Digist R4-814, Dalseong-Gun, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Duk Choi
- College of Health & Medical Science, Graduate School, Daejeon City, Republic of Korea
| | - In Chan Seol
- Dunsan Korean Medicine Hospital, Seo-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Gunhyuk Park
- Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Naju-si, Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Young Moon
- College of Health & Medical Science, Graduate School, Daejeon City, Republic of Korea
| | - Weechang Kang
- Daejeon University, Dong-gu, Daejeon City, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Sun Jung
- Dunsan Korean Medicine Hospital, Seo-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Yun Cha
- Dunsan Korean Medicine Hospital, Seo-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan-Young Kim
- Dunsan Korean Medicine Hospital, Seo-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Siyeon Kim
- Dunsan Korean Medicine Hospital, Seo-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - In Chul Jung
- Dunsan Korean Medicine Hospital, Seo-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Horyong Yoo
- Dunsan Korean Medicine Hospital, Seo-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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Jang JH, Yeom MJ, Ahn S, Oh JY, Ji S, Kim TH, Park HJ. Acupuncture inhibits neuroinflammation and gut microbial dysbiosis in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease. Brain Behav Immun 2020; 89:641-655. [PMID: 32827699 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Growing evidences show that gut microbiota is associated with the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD) and the gut-brain axis can be promising target for the development of the therapeutic strategies for PD. Acupuncture has been used to improve brain functions and inflammation in neurological disorders such as PD, and to recover the gastrointestinal dysfunctions in various gastrointestinal disorders. Thus, we investigated whether acupuncture could improve Parkinsonism and gut microbial dysbiosis induced by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine. First, we observed that acupuncture treatment at acupoints GB34 and ST36 could improve motor functions and comorbid anxiety in PD mice. Next, we found that acupuncture increased the levels of dopaminergic fibers and neurons in the striatum and the substantia nigra, respectively. Acupuncture also restored the overexpression of microglia and astrocyte as well as conversion of Bax and Bcl-2 expression in both the striatum and the substantia nigra, indicating that inflammatory responses and apoptosis were blocked by acupuncture. Additionally, via 16S rRNA sequence analysis, we observed that the relative abundance of 18 genera were changed in acupuncture-treated mice compared to the PD mice. Of them, Butyricimonas, Holdemania, Frisingicoccus, Gracilibacter, Phocea, and Aestuariispira showed significant correlations with anxiety as well as motor functions. Furthermore, the predicted functional analyses showed that acupuncture restored the physiology functions such as glutathione metabolism, methane metabolism, and PD pathway. In conclusion, we suggest that the effects of acupuncture on the enhanced motor function and the protection of the dopaminergic neurons may be associated with the regulation of the gut microbial dysbiosis and thus the inhibition of the neuroinflammation in the PD mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Hwan Jang
- Integrative Parkinson's Disease Research Group, Acupuncture & Meridian Science Research Center, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Jung Yeom
- Integrative Parkinson's Disease Research Group, Acupuncture & Meridian Science Research Center, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Sora Ahn
- Integrative Parkinson's Disease Research Group, Acupuncture & Meridian Science Research Center, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Young Oh
- Integrative Parkinson's Disease Research Group, Acupuncture & Meridian Science Research Center, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Suhwan Ji
- Department of Korean Medical Science, Graduate School of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Hong Kim
- Integrative Parkinson's Disease Research Group, Acupuncture & Meridian Science Research Center, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Hi-Joon Park
- Integrative Parkinson's Disease Research Group, Acupuncture & Meridian Science Research Center, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; Department of Korean Medical Science, Graduate School of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
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Electroacupuncture at Zusanli and at Neiguan characterized point specificity in the brain by metabolomic analysis. Sci Rep 2020; 10:10717. [PMID: 32612281 PMCID: PMC7329888 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-67766-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Different point stimulations can induce brain activity in specific regions, and however whether these stimulations affect unique neurotransmitter transmission remains unknown. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effect of point specificity to the brain by resolving the metabolite profiles. Eighteen Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: (1) the sham group: sham acupuncture at Zusanli (ST36) without electric stimulation; (2) the Zusanli (ST36) group: electroacupuncture (EA) at ST36; and (3) the Neiguan (PC6) group: EA at PC6. Then, the metabolites from rat brain samples were measured by LC–ESI–MS. The results of a partial least squares discriminant analysis revealed the differences among the sham, ST36, and PC6 groups regarding the relative content of metabolites in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and hypothalamus. EA at PC6 resulted in downregulation of adenosine, adrenaline, γ-aminobutyric acid, glycine, and glutamate majorly in hippocampus, and then in cerebral cortex. Otherwise, EA at ST6 resulted in upregulation of adrenaline and arginine in hippocampus, and all stimulations showed barely change of identified neurotransmitters in hypothalamus. These differential metabolite and neurotransmitter profiles prove that brain areas can be modulated by point specificity and may provide a maneuver to understand more details of meridian.
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Wei TH, Hsieh CL. Effect of Acupuncture on the p38 Signaling Pathway in Several Nervous System Diseases: A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E4693. [PMID: 32630156 PMCID: PMC7370084 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21134693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Acupuncture is clinically used to treat various diseases and exerts positive local and systemic effects in several nervous system diseases. Advanced molecular and clinical studies have continually attempted to decipher the mechanisms underlying these effects of acupuncture. While a growing understanding of the pathophysiology underlying several nervous system diseases shows it to be related to inflammation and impair cell regeneration after ischemic events, the relationship between the therapeutic mechanism of acupuncture and the p38 MAPK signal pathway has yet to be elucidated. This review discusses the latest advancements in the identification of the effect of acupuncture on the p38 signaling pathway in several nervous system diseases. We electronically searched databases including PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library from their inception to April 2020, using the following keywords alone or in various combinations: "acupuncture", "p38 MAPK pathway", "signaling", "stress response", "inflammation", "immune", "pain", "analgesic", "cerebral ischemic injury", "epilepsy", "Alzheimer's disease", "Parkinson's disease", "dementia", "degenerative", and "homeostasis". Manual acupuncture and electroacupuncture confer positive therapeutic effects by regulating proinflammatory cytokines, ion channels, scaffold proteins, and transcription factors including TRPV1/4, Nav, BDNF, and NADMR1; consequently, p38 regulates various phenomena including cell communication, remodeling, regeneration, and gene expression. In this review article, we found the most common acupoints for the relief of nervous system disorders including GV20, GV14, ST36, ST37, and LI4. Acupuncture exhibits dual regulatory functions of activating or inhibiting different p38 MAPK pathways, contributing to an overall improvement of clinical symptoms and function in several nervous system diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Hsuan Wei
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan;
| | - Ching-Liang Hsieh
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan;
- Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Acupuncture Science, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
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Yang Y, Miao S, Zhou R, Ma Y, Zhang Y. The development of visual neuroimaging research of acupuncture in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease. BRAIN SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020. [DOI: 10.26599/bsa.2019.9050016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder commonly observed in middle-aged and elderly. Currently, its etiology and pathogenesis are still not completely understood. It is associated with many symptoms that severely affect patients’ health and quality of life. At present, the PD clinical treatment mainly aimed to alleviate symptoms, and both medicinal and surgical treatments have side effects and treatment blind spots. The use of acupuncture for the treatment of PD is relatively widespread, and its safety and efficacy have been gradually accepted by the public and medical professions. However, the efficacy of acupuncture in experimental studies remains controversial. Therefore, this paper reviews imaging studies on the use of acupuncture for the treatment of PD. From the study, it shows that acupuncture can improve the neuronal activity, activate the neuronal activity in damaged brain regions, affect relevant neural networks and brain circulation, improve cerebral metabolism, and cause structural changes in related brain regions. Intuitive and visible imaging studies provide objective bases on the use of acupuncture for the treatment of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yang
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yuquan Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100040, China
| | - Suhua Miao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yuquan Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100040, China
| | - Rongsong Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yuquan Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100040, China
| | - Yu Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yuquan Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100040, China
| | - Yuqi Zhang
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yuquan Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100040, China
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Acupuncture Inhibits the Increase in Alpha-Synuclein in Substantia Nigra in an MPTP- Induced Parkinsonism Mouse Model. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1232:401-408. [PMID: 31893437 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-34461-0_51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease, a progressive neurodegenerative disease, is caused by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN). It is characterized by the formation of intracytoplasmic Lewy bodies that are primarily composed of the protein alpha-synuclein (α-syn), along with dystrophic neurites. Acupuncture stimulation results in an enhanced survival of dopaminergic neurons in the SN in Parkinsonism animal models. We investigated the role of acupuncture in inhibiting the increase in α-syn expression that is related to dopaminergic cell loss in the SN in a chronic 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) Parkinsonism mouse model. In this model, acupuncture stimulation at GB34 and LR3 attenuated the decrease in tyrosine hydroxylase in the SN. Moreover, acupuncture stimulation attenuated the increase in α-syn in SN. Acupuncture stimulation also maintained the phosphorylated α-syn on serine 129 at levels similar to the control group. Our findings indicate that the MPTP-mediated increase in α-syn, and the acupuncture-mediated inhibition of the increase in α-syn, may be responsible for the neuroprotective effects of acupuncture in the SN following damage induced by MPTP.
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Effects of Combined Treatment with Acupuncture and Chunggan Formula in a Mouse Model of Parkinson's Disease. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 2019:3612587. [PMID: 31871478 PMCID: PMC6907061 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3612587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disease. Patients with Parkinson's disease can be treated with a combination of acupuncture and herbal medicine, but studies on the synergistic effects of the combined treatment have not yet been conducted. Thus, we subjected an MPTP-induced Parkinson's disease mouse model to the combined treatment. We used acupoint GB34 for acupuncture and modified Chunggantang (KD5040) as the herbal medicine, as they have been reported to be effective in Parkinson's disease. We investigated the suboptimal dose of KD5040 and then used this dose in the combined treatment. The results showed that the combined treatment had a synergistic effect on improvements in abnormal motor function and neurodegeneration compared with the use of acupuncture or herbal medicine alone. The combined treatment also had a neuroprotective effect via the PI3K/AKT and MAPK/ERK signaling pathways. These findings suggest that the combined treatment with acupuncture and KD5040 can help improve the symptoms of Parkinson's disease.
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Signal Transduction Pathways of Acupuncture for Treating Some Nervous System Diseases. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 2019:2909632. [PMID: 31379957 PMCID: PMC6657648 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2909632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In this article, we review signal transduction pathways through which acupuncture treats nervous system diseases. We electronically searched the databases, including PubMed, MEDLINE, clinical Key, the Cochrane Library, and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure from their inception to December 2018 using the following MeSH headings and keywords alone or in varied combination: acupuncture, molecular, signal transduction, genetic, cerebral ischemic injury, cerebral hemorrhagic injury, stroke, epilepsy, seizure, depression, Alzheimer's disease, dementia, vascular dementia, and Parkinson's disease. Acupuncture treats nervous system diseases by increasing the brain-derived neurotrophic factor level and involves multiple signal pathways, including p38 MAPKs, Raf/MAPK/ERK 1/2, TLR4/ERK, PI3K/AKT, AC/cAMP/PKA, ASK1-JNK/p38, and downstream CREB, JNK, m-TOR, NF-κB, and Bcl-2/Bax balance. Acupuncture affects synaptic plasticity, causes an increase in neurotrophic factors, and results in neuroprotection, cell proliferation, antiapoptosis, antioxidant activity, anti-inflammation, and maintenance of the blood-brain barrier.
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24
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Martin BR. Complementary Medicine Therapies That May Assist With Weight Loss: A Narrative Review. J Chiropr Med 2019; 18:115-126. [PMID: 31367198 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcm.2018.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/28/2018] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The purpose of this study was to review the potential effects of traditional Chinese medicine-which includes acupuncture; electroacupuncture; plum blossom needle hammer; auricular acupuncture; herbs that balance hormones, regulate neurotransmitters, induce sedative effects, and increase thermogenesis; and functional foods that can suppress the appetite-as an adjunct therapy for weight loss. Methods A narrative review of the current literature was performed using searches of MEDLINE and 4 scholarly texts. The inclusion criteria for the review consisted of studies that were performed from 2005 to 2016. Results In general, some traditional Chinese medicine modalities claim to promote weight loss. Acupuncture, electroacupuncture, and herbs aim to reduce stress-related food cravings. These therapeutic approaches aim to downregulate dopamine and leptin levels, suppressing the appetite. Other attributes of these therapies are increasing uncoupling protein-1 activity promoting thermogenesis, which contributes to weight loss. In addition, acupuncture, electroacupuncture, and Cimicifuga racemosa may regulate estrogen, which could attenuate the appetite, assisting in weight-loss programs. Conclusion The literature reviewed includes information that describes how traditional Chinese medicine, herbal medicine, or functional foods as adjunct therapies may be beneficial for weight-loss programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett R Martin
- Basic Science Department, National University of Health Sciences, Pinellas Park, Florida
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25
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Yeo S, Lim S. Acupuncture Inhibits the Increase in Alpha-Synuclein by Modulating SGK1 in an MPTP Induced Parkinsonism Mouse Model. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2019; 47:527-539. [DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x19500277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD), a progressive neurodegenerative disease, is caused by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN). It is characterized by the formation of intracytoplasmic Lewy bodies that are primarily composed of the protein alpha-synuclein ([Formula: see text]-syn) along with dystrophic neurites. Acupuncture stimulation results in an enhanced survival of dopaminergic neurons in the SN in parkinsonism animal models. We investigated the role of acupuncture in inhibiting the increase in [Formula: see text]-syn expression that is related with dopaminergic cell loss in the SN in a chronic 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) parkinsonism mouse model. In this model, acupuncture stimulation at GB34 and LR3 attenuated the decrease in tyrosine hydroxylase. Moreover, acupuncture stimulation attenuated the increase in [Formula: see text]-syn. We identified that serum- and glucocorticoid-dependent kinase 1 (SGK1) is evidently downregulated in chronic MPTP-intoxication and acupuncture stimulation maintained SGK1 expression at levels similar to the control group. For an examination of the expression correlation between SGK1 and [Formula: see text]-syn, SH-SY5Y cells were knocked down with SGK1 siRNA then, the downregulation of dopaminergic cells and the increase in the expression of [Formula: see text]-syn were observed. Our findings indicate that the acupuncture-mediated inhibition in the [Formula: see text]-syn increase induced by MPTP may be responsible for modulating SGK1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujung Yeo
- College of Korean Medicine, Sang Ji University, Wonju 26339, Republic of Korea
| | - Sabina Lim
- Department of Meridian and Acupoint, College of Korean Medicine, and WHO Collaborating Center for Traditional Medicine, East-West Medical Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
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26
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Ko JH, Lee H, Kim SN, Park HJ. Does Acupuncture Protect Dopamine Neurons in Parkinson's Disease Rodent Model?: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Aging Neurosci 2019; 11:102. [PMID: 31139074 PMCID: PMC6517785 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2019.00102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Acupuncture has been reported to have significant effects, not only in alleviating impaired motor function, but also rescuing dopaminergic neuron deficits in rodent models of Parkinson's disease (PD). However, a systemic analysis of these beneficial effects has yet to be performed. Objective: To evaluate the neuroprotective effect of acupuncture in animal models of PD. Methods: A literature search of the PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Research Information Service System, and Japan Society of Acupuncture and Moxibustion databases was performed to retrieve studies that investigated the effects of acupuncture on PD. The quality of each included study was evaluated using the 10-item checklist modified from the Collaborative Approach to Meta-Analysis and Review of Animal Data from Experimental Studies. RevMan version 5.3 (Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria) was used for meta-analysis. Results: The 42 studies included scored between 2 and 7 points, with a mean score of 4.6. Outcome measures included tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) level and dopamine content. Meta-analysis results revealed statistically significant effects of acupuncture for increasing both TH levels (33.97 [95% CI 33.15-34.79]; p < 0.00001) and dopamine content (4.23 [95% CI 3.53-4.92]; p < 0.00001) compared with that observed in PD control groups. In addition, motor dysfunctions exhibited by model PD animals were also mitigated by acupuncture treatment. Conclusions: Although there were limitations in the number and quality of the included studies, results of this analysis suggest that acupuncture exerts a protective effect on dopaminergic neurons in rodent models of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jade Heejae Ko
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Goyang, South Korea.,Graduate School, Dongguk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyangsook Lee
- Acupuncture and Meridian Science Research Center, Seoul, South Korea.,College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung-Nam Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Hi-Joon Park
- Acupuncture and Meridian Science Research Center, Seoul, South Korea.,College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
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27
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Tamtaji OR, Naderi Taheri M, Notghi F, Alipoor R, Bouzari R, Asemi Z. The effects of acupuncture and electroacupuncture on Parkinson's disease: Current status and future perspectives for molecular mechanisms. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:12156-12166. [PMID: 30938859 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Among the progressive neurodegenerative disorders, Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common. Different factors have critical role in pathophysiology of PD such as apoptosis pathways, inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress, and neurotransmitters and its receptors abnormalities. Acupuncture and electroacupuncture were considered as nondrug therapies for PD. Although numerous studies has been conducted for assessing the mechanism underlying electroacupuncture and acupuncture, various principal aspects of these treatment procedures remain not well-known. There have also been few investigations on the molecular mechanism of acupuncture and electroacupuncture therapy effects in PD. This review evaluates the effects of electroacupuncture and acupuncture on the molecular mechanism in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid Reza Tamtaji
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Mojtaba Naderi Taheri
- Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran.,Deptartment of Community Health and Geriatric Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Fahimeh Notghi
- Neuromusculoskeletal Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Reza Alipoor
- Student Research Committee, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Reihanesadat Bouzari
- Department of Neurology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran
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28
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Acupuncture Alleviates Levodopa-Induced Dyskinesia via Melanin-Concentrating Hormone in Pitx3-Deficient aphakia and 6-Hydroxydopamine-Lesioned Mice. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 56:2408-2423. [PMID: 30030752 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1194-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Although L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) is currently the most effective medication for treating Parkinson's disease (PD) motor symptoms, its prolonged administration causes several adverse effects, including dyskinesia. To identify the mechanisms underlying the effects of acupuncture on L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID), antidyskinetic effects of acupuncture were investigated in two mouse models of PD. Acupuncture stimulation at GB34 alleviated abnormal involuntary movements (AIMs) in Pitx3-deficient aphakia mice (ak/ak) following L-DOPA administration and these effects were reproduced in 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-lesioned mice with LID. A transcriptome analysis of the hypothalamus revealed pro-melanin-concentrating hormone (Pmch) gene was highly expressed in acupuncture-treated mouse from ak/ak model of LID as well as 6-OHDA model of LID. Acupuncture combined with the administration of MCH receptor antagonist did not have any beneficial effects on dyskinesia in L-DOPA-injected ak/ak mice, but the intranasal administration of MCH attenuated LID to the same degree as acupuncture in both ak/ak and 6-OHDA mice with LID. A gene expression profile with a hierarchical clustering analysis of the dyskinesia-induced ak/ak mouse brain revealed an association between the mechanisms underlying acupuncture and MCH. Additionally, altered striatal responses to L-DOPA injection were observed after prolonged acupuncture and MCH treatments, which suggests that these treatment modalities influenced the compensatory mechanisms of LID. In summary, present study demonstrated that acupuncture decreased LID via hypothalamic MCH using L-DOPA-administered ak/ak and 6-OHDA mouse models and that MCH administration resulted in novel antidyskinetic effects in these models. Thus, acupuncture and MCH might be valuable therapeutic candidates for PD patients suffering from LID.
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29
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Lee Y, Choi G, Jeon H, Kim D, Ryu S, Koo S, Ha KT, Kim S. Acupuncture stimulation at GB34 suppresses 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-induced oxidative stress in the striatum of mice. J Physiol Sci 2018; 68:455-462. [PMID: 28601951 PMCID: PMC10717018 DOI: 10.1007/s12576-017-0547-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have suggested that increased oxidative stress is a potential etiology in Parkinson's disease (PD). In this study, we investigated whether acupuncture regulates antioxidants in the striatum (ST) of a PD mouse model. Male C57BL/6 mice were administered 30 mg/kg of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) intraperitoneally once a day for 5 days and given acupuncture stimulation at SI3 or GB34 (Yanglingquan) was for 12 consecutive days. Dopaminergic neuronal survival in the nigrostriatal pathway and DJ-1 expression in the ST was evaluated by immunostaining, and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in the ST was by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. MPTP administration induced dopaminergic neuronal death in the nigrostriatal pathway, which was suppressed by acupuncture stimulation at GB34. MPTP administration also suppressed DJ-1 expression and SOD and CAT activities in the ST, which were restored by acupuncture stimulation at GB34. These results indicate that the neuroprotective effect of acupuncture stimulation is due to regulation of the antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukyung Lee
- Division of Meridian and Structural Medicine, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Busandaehak-ro 49, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Gaeun Choi
- Division of Meridian and Structural Medicine, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Busandaehak-ro 49, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyongjun Jeon
- Division of Meridian and Structural Medicine, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Busandaehak-ro 49, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongsoo Kim
- Division of Meridian and Structural Medicine, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Busandaehak-ro 49, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Ryu
- Korean Medicine Research Center for Healthy Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungtae Koo
- Division of Meridian and Structural Medicine, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Busandaehak-ro 49, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, 50612, Republic of Korea
- Korean Medicine Research Center for Healthy Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Tae Ha
- Korean Medicine Research Center for Healthy Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungtae Kim
- Division of Meridian and Structural Medicine, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Busandaehak-ro 49, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, 50612, Republic of Korea.
- Korean Medicine Research Center for Healthy Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan-si, Republic of Korea.
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30
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Spezia Adachi LN, Vercelino R, de Oliveira C, Scarabelot VL, de Souza A, Medeiros LF, Cioato SG, Caumo W, Torres ILS. Isoflurane and the Analgesic Effect of Acupuncture and Electroacupuncture in an Animal Model of Neuropathic Pain. J Acupunct Meridian Stud 2018; 11:97-106. [PMID: 29436370 DOI: 10.1016/j.jams.2018.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to determine whether isoflurane interferes with the analgesic effects of acupuncture (Ac) and electroacupuncture (EA), using a neuropathic pain (NP) rat model. In total, 140 male Wistar rats were used; isoflurane-induced nociceptive response was evaluated using the von Frey test, serum calcium-binding protein β (S100β) levels and nerve growth factor (NGF) levels in the left sciatic nerve. The NP model was induced by chronic constriction injury of the sciatic nerve at 14 days after surgery. Treatment was initiated after NP induction with or without isoflurane anesthesia (20 min/day/8 days). The von Frey test was performed at baseline, 14 days postoperatively, and immediately, 24 h, and 48 h after the last treatment. Results of the nociceptive test and three-way analysis of variance were analyzed by generalized estimating equations, the Bonferroni test, followed by Student-Newman-Keuls or Fisher's least significant difference tests for comparing biochemical parameters (significance defined as p ≤ 0.05). At baseline, no difference was noted in the nociceptive response threshold among all groups. Fourteen days after surgery, compared with other groups, NP groups showed a decreased pain threshold, confirming establishment of NP. Ac and EA enhanced the mechanical pain threshold immediately after the last session in the NP groups, without anesthesia. Isoflurane administration caused increased nociceptive threshold in all groups, and this effect persisted for 48 h after the last treatment. There was an interaction between the independent variables: pain, treatments, and anesthesia in serum S100β levels and NGF levels in the left sciatic nerve. Isoflurane enhanced the analgesic effects of Ac and EA and altered serum S100β and left sciatic nerve NGF levels in rats with NP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren N Spezia Adachi
- Graduate Program in Medicine, Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Laboratory of Pain Pharmacology and Neuromodulation: Preclinical Researchs, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Animal Experimentation Unit, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Rafael Vercelino
- Laboratory of Pain Pharmacology and Neuromodulation: Preclinical Researchs, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Centro Universitário FADERGS, Health and Wellness School Laureate International Universities, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Carla de Oliveira
- Graduate Program in Medicine, Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Laboratory of Pain Pharmacology and Neuromodulation: Preclinical Researchs, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Animal Experimentation Unit, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Vanessa L Scarabelot
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences, Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Laboratory of Pain Pharmacology and Neuromodulation: Preclinical Researchs, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Animal Experimentation Unit, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Andressa de Souza
- Laboratory of Pain Pharmacology and Neuromodulation: Preclinical Researchs, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Animal Experimentation Unit, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Liciane F Medeiros
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences, Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Laboratory of Pain Pharmacology and Neuromodulation: Preclinical Researchs, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Animal Experimentation Unit, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Stefania G Cioato
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Universidade Federal Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, 90050-170, Brazil; Laboratory of Pain Pharmacology and Neuromodulation: Preclinical Researchs, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Animal Experimentation Unit, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Wolnei Caumo
- Graduate Program in Medicine, Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Iraci L S Torres
- Graduate Program in Medicine, Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences, Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Universidade Federal Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, 90050-170, Brazil; Laboratory of Pain Pharmacology and Neuromodulation: Preclinical Researchs, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Animal Experimentation Unit, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Acupuncture does not protect against 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-induced damage of dopaminergic neurons in a preclinical mouse model of Parkinson's disease. Neuroreport 2018; 28:50-55. [PMID: 27893607 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000000709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Acupuncture treatment, a complementary and alternative medicine, is associated with a suggested neuroprotective effect in previous preclinical studies of Parkinson's disease (PD); however, results from human clinical trials have been mixed or unsuccessful. Recent systematic reviews of translational neuroprotective studies showed that the supposed efficacy is confounded by low methodological quality, particularly by a lack of randomization and concealed allocation. We sought to replicate previous experimental findings with a study design that mitigates the introduction of bias, including randomization, blinded outcome measures, sham acupuncture application, and allocation concealment by blinded neurotoxin administration. We performed 12 sessions of manual acupuncture at acupoint GB34 (yanglingquan) in mice that were administered the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine neurotoxin for five consecutive days. In this animal model of PD, acupuncture treatment did not attenuate tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactive neuronal death, depletion of striatal dopamine levels, or reduced striatal tyrosine hydroxylase expression. Our results indicate that acupuncture is not neuroprotective against nigrostriatal loss in a subacute 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine mouse model of PD.
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Cho SY, Lee YE, Doo KH, Lee JH, Jung WS, Moon SK, Park JM, Ko CN, Kim H, Rhee HY, Park HJ, Park SU. Efficacy of Combined Treatment with Acupuncture and Bee Venom Acupuncture as an Adjunctive Treatment for Parkinson's Disease. J Altern Complement Med 2017; 24:25-32. [PMID: 28753030 DOI: 10.1089/acm.2016.0250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of acupuncture and bee venom acupuncture (BVA) for idiopathic Parkinson's disease (IPD) through a sham-controlled trial. We also investigated whether there is a sustained therapeutic effect by completing follow-up assessments after treatment completion. DESIGN A single center, double-blind, three-armed randomized controlled trial. SETTINGS/LOCATION This study was performed at a university hospital in Seoul, Republic of Korea. SUBJECTS Seventy-three (73) patients with IPD were the subjects. They were randomly assigned to the active treatment group, sham treatment group, or conventional treatment group. INTERVENTIONS The active treatment group received acupuncture and BVA and the sham group received sham acupuncture and normal saline injections, twice a week for 12 weeks. The conventional treatment group maintained anti-parkinsonian drugs without additional intervention. OUTCOME MEASURES The Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) part II and part III score, postural instability and gait disturbance (PIGD) score, gait speed and number, Parkinson's Disease Quality of Life Questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory, and postural stability at baseline and at 12, 16, and 20 weeks. RESULTS Sixty-three (63) patients provided a complete data of assessments, including a final follow-up. After 12 weeks of treatment, a significant difference was observed between the active treatment group and the conventional treatment group. After the end of the treatment, the treatment effects were maintained significantly in the active treatment group only. CONCLUSIONS It is suggested that the combined treatment of acupuncture and BVA might be safe and useful adjunctive treatment for patients with IPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Yeon Cho
- 1 Department of Cardiology and Neurology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University , Seoul, Republic of Korea.,2 Stroke and Neurological Disorders Center, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Eun Lee
- 1 Department of Cardiology and Neurology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University , Seoul, Republic of Korea.,2 Stroke and Neurological Disorders Center, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong-Hee Doo
- 1 Department of Cardiology and Neurology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University , Seoul, Republic of Korea.,2 Stroke and Neurological Disorders Center, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hyun Lee
- 1 Department of Cardiology and Neurology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University , Seoul, Republic of Korea.,2 Stroke and Neurological Disorders Center, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Sang Jung
- 1 Department of Cardiology and Neurology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Kwan Moon
- 1 Department of Cardiology and Neurology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Mi Park
- 1 Department of Cardiology and Neurology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University , Seoul, Republic of Korea.,2 Stroke and Neurological Disorders Center, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Nam Ko
- 1 Department of Cardiology and Neurology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University , Seoul, Republic of Korea.,2 Stroke and Neurological Disorders Center, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Kim
- 3 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health and Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul University , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hak Young Rhee
- 4 Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hi-Joon Park
- 5 Integrative Parkinson's Disease Research Group, Acupuncture and Meridian Science Research Center, Kyung Hee University , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Uk Park
- 1 Department of Cardiology and Neurology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University , Seoul, Republic of Korea.,2 Stroke and Neurological Disorders Center, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong , Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Ye Y, Li H, Yang JW, Wang XR, Shi GX, Yan CQ, Ma SM, Zhu W, Li QQ, Li TR, Xiao LY, Liu CZ. Acupuncture Attenuated Vascular Dementia–Induced Hippocampal Long-Term Potentiation Impairments via Activation of D1/D5 Receptors. Stroke 2017; 48:1044-1051. [DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.116.014696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Revised: 01/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Background and Purpose—
Emerging evidence suggests that acupuncture could improve cognitive impairment in vascular dementia by enhancing synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether dopamine, a key mediator of synaptic plasticity, is involved in this cognitive improvement.
Methods—
Vascular dementia model was established by bilateral common carotid arteries occlusion in male Wistar rats. Three days after the operation, animals received acupuncture treatment for 2 weeks, once daily. The D1/D5 receptors antagonist SCH23390 was administered intraperitoneally 15 minutes before each acupuncture treatment. Morris water maze was examined after acupuncture. Long-term potentiation was studied by an electrophysiological technique. Dopamine and metabolites levels were detected by microdialysis and high-performance liquid chromatography from brain tissue. The expression of D1R and D5R was analyzed by immunofluorescence.
Results—
Acupuncture remarkably reversed cognitive deficits in 2-vessel occlusion model (2VO) rats, and the acupuncture points Zusanli (ST36) and Baihui (GV20) were confirmed to be the most effective combination. Electrophysiological recording data showed that 2VO-induced impairments of long-term potentiation were prevented by acupuncture. In addition, acupuncture promoted the release of dopamine and its major metabolites in the hippocampus of 2VO rats. The immunofluorescence experiment showed that the decrease of D1R and D5R in hippocampal dentate gyrus region of 2VO rats was reversed by acupuncture. Furthermore, we found that the effects of acupuncture against 2VO-induced impairments in cognition and synaptic plasticity were abolished by SCH23390.
Conclusions—
Improvement in cognition and hippocampal synaptic plasticity induced by acupuncture was achieved via activation of D1/D5 receptors in 2VO rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Ye
- From the Acupuncture and Moxibustion Department (Y.Y., H.L., J.-W.Y., X.-R.W., G.-X.S., C.-Q.Y., S.-M.M., W.Z., Q.-Q.L., T.-R.L., C.-Z.L.) and Beijing Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Neuromodulation (X.-R.W.), Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Capital Medical University, China; and Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, China (Y.Y., L.-Y.X.)
| | - Hui Li
- From the Acupuncture and Moxibustion Department (Y.Y., H.L., J.-W.Y., X.-R.W., G.-X.S., C.-Q.Y., S.-M.M., W.Z., Q.-Q.L., T.-R.L., C.-Z.L.) and Beijing Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Neuromodulation (X.-R.W.), Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Capital Medical University, China; and Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, China (Y.Y., L.-Y.X.)
| | - Jing-Wen Yang
- From the Acupuncture and Moxibustion Department (Y.Y., H.L., J.-W.Y., X.-R.W., G.-X.S., C.-Q.Y., S.-M.M., W.Z., Q.-Q.L., T.-R.L., C.-Z.L.) and Beijing Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Neuromodulation (X.-R.W.), Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Capital Medical University, China; and Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, China (Y.Y., L.-Y.X.)
| | - Xue-Rui Wang
- From the Acupuncture and Moxibustion Department (Y.Y., H.L., J.-W.Y., X.-R.W., G.-X.S., C.-Q.Y., S.-M.M., W.Z., Q.-Q.L., T.-R.L., C.-Z.L.) and Beijing Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Neuromodulation (X.-R.W.), Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Capital Medical University, China; and Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, China (Y.Y., L.-Y.X.)
| | - Guang-Xia Shi
- From the Acupuncture and Moxibustion Department (Y.Y., H.L., J.-W.Y., X.-R.W., G.-X.S., C.-Q.Y., S.-M.M., W.Z., Q.-Q.L., T.-R.L., C.-Z.L.) and Beijing Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Neuromodulation (X.-R.W.), Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Capital Medical University, China; and Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, China (Y.Y., L.-Y.X.)
| | - Chao-Qun Yan
- From the Acupuncture and Moxibustion Department (Y.Y., H.L., J.-W.Y., X.-R.W., G.-X.S., C.-Q.Y., S.-M.M., W.Z., Q.-Q.L., T.-R.L., C.-Z.L.) and Beijing Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Neuromodulation (X.-R.W.), Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Capital Medical University, China; and Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, China (Y.Y., L.-Y.X.)
| | - Si-Ming Ma
- From the Acupuncture and Moxibustion Department (Y.Y., H.L., J.-W.Y., X.-R.W., G.-X.S., C.-Q.Y., S.-M.M., W.Z., Q.-Q.L., T.-R.L., C.-Z.L.) and Beijing Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Neuromodulation (X.-R.W.), Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Capital Medical University, China; and Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, China (Y.Y., L.-Y.X.)
| | - Wen Zhu
- From the Acupuncture and Moxibustion Department (Y.Y., H.L., J.-W.Y., X.-R.W., G.-X.S., C.-Q.Y., S.-M.M., W.Z., Q.-Q.L., T.-R.L., C.-Z.L.) and Beijing Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Neuromodulation (X.-R.W.), Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Capital Medical University, China; and Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, China (Y.Y., L.-Y.X.)
| | - Qian-Qian Li
- From the Acupuncture and Moxibustion Department (Y.Y., H.L., J.-W.Y., X.-R.W., G.-X.S., C.-Q.Y., S.-M.M., W.Z., Q.-Q.L., T.-R.L., C.-Z.L.) and Beijing Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Neuromodulation (X.-R.W.), Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Capital Medical University, China; and Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, China (Y.Y., L.-Y.X.)
| | - Tian-Ran Li
- From the Acupuncture and Moxibustion Department (Y.Y., H.L., J.-W.Y., X.-R.W., G.-X.S., C.-Q.Y., S.-M.M., W.Z., Q.-Q.L., T.-R.L., C.-Z.L.) and Beijing Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Neuromodulation (X.-R.W.), Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Capital Medical University, China; and Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, China (Y.Y., L.-Y.X.)
| | - Ling-Yong Xiao
- From the Acupuncture and Moxibustion Department (Y.Y., H.L., J.-W.Y., X.-R.W., G.-X.S., C.-Q.Y., S.-M.M., W.Z., Q.-Q.L., T.-R.L., C.-Z.L.) and Beijing Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Neuromodulation (X.-R.W.), Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Capital Medical University, China; and Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, China (Y.Y., L.-Y.X.)
| | - Cun-Zhi Liu
- From the Acupuncture and Moxibustion Department (Y.Y., H.L., J.-W.Y., X.-R.W., G.-X.S., C.-Q.Y., S.-M.M., W.Z., Q.-Q.L., T.-R.L., C.-Z.L.) and Beijing Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Neuromodulation (X.-R.W.), Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Capital Medical University, China; and Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, China (Y.Y., L.-Y.X.)
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Jia Y, Deng J, Zhang W, Sun Z, Yang J, Yu Y, Gong X, Jia J, Wang X. The Role of Group II Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors in the Striatum in Electroacupuncture Treatment of Parkinsonian Rats. CNS Neurosci Ther 2017; 23:23-32. [PMID: 27412260 PMCID: PMC6492692 DOI: 10.1111/cns.12587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Revised: 06/11/2016] [Accepted: 06/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Glutamatergic transmission may play a critical role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). Electroacupuncture (EA) has been demonstrated to effectively alleviate PD symptoms. In this study, a potential glutamate-dependent mechanism underlying the therapeutic action of EA was investigated. METHODS The effects of EA stimulation on motor behaviors, dopamine contents, glutamate release, and group II metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR2/3) expression in unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-lesioned rats were examined. RESULTS Unilateral 6-OHDA lesions of the nigrostriatal system caused a marked increase in glutamate content in the ipsilateral cortex and striatum. mGluR2/3 protein expression and mGluR3 mRNA expression were reduced in the striatum. Noticeably, prolonged EA stimulation at 100 Hz significantly reversed these changes in the striatal glutamate system. Behaviorally, EA improved the motor deficits induced by 6-OHDA lesions. Intrastriatal infusion of an mGluR2/3 antagonist APICA blocked the improving effect of EA. CONCLUSIONS These data collectively demonstrate that the group II mGluR-mediated glutamatergic transmission in the striatum is sensitive to dopamine depletion and may serve as a substrate of EA for mediating the therapeutic effect of EA in a rat model of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan‐Jun Jia
- Departments of Neurobiology and PhysiologyKey Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disorders of the Ministry of EducationBeijing Key Laboratory for Parkinson's DiseaseCapital Medical UniversityBeijing Institute for Brain DisordersBeijingChina
| | - Jia‐Hui Deng
- Departments of Neurobiology and PhysiologyKey Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disorders of the Ministry of EducationBeijing Key Laboratory for Parkinson's DiseaseCapital Medical UniversityBeijing Institute for Brain DisordersBeijingChina
| | - Wen‐Zhong Zhang
- Departments of Neurobiology and PhysiologyKey Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disorders of the Ministry of EducationBeijing Key Laboratory for Parkinson's DiseaseCapital Medical UniversityBeijing Institute for Brain DisordersBeijingChina
| | - Zuo‐Li Sun
- Departments of Neurobiology and PhysiologyKey Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disorders of the Ministry of EducationBeijing Key Laboratory for Parkinson's DiseaseCapital Medical UniversityBeijing Institute for Brain DisordersBeijingChina
| | - Jian Yang
- Departments of Neurobiology and PhysiologyKey Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disorders of the Ministry of EducationBeijing Key Laboratory for Parkinson's DiseaseCapital Medical UniversityBeijing Institute for Brain DisordersBeijingChina
| | - Yan Yu
- Departments of Neurobiology and PhysiologyKey Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disorders of the Ministry of EducationBeijing Key Laboratory for Parkinson's DiseaseCapital Medical UniversityBeijing Institute for Brain DisordersBeijingChina
| | - Xiao‐Li Gong
- Departments of Neurobiology and PhysiologyKey Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disorders of the Ministry of EducationBeijing Key Laboratory for Parkinson's DiseaseCapital Medical UniversityBeijing Institute for Brain DisordersBeijingChina
| | - Jun Jia
- Departments of Neurobiology and PhysiologyKey Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disorders of the Ministry of EducationBeijing Key Laboratory for Parkinson's DiseaseCapital Medical UniversityBeijing Institute for Brain DisordersBeijingChina
| | - Xiao‐Min Wang
- Departments of Neurobiology and PhysiologyKey Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disorders of the Ministry of EducationBeijing Key Laboratory for Parkinson's DiseaseCapital Medical UniversityBeijing Institute for Brain DisordersBeijingChina
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Wang Z, Wang X, Liu J, Chen J, Liu X, Nie G, Jorgenson K, Sohn KC, Huang R, Liu M, Liu B, Kong J. Acupuncture treatment modulates the corticostriatal reward circuitry in major depressive disorder. J Psychiatr Res 2017; 84:18-26. [PMID: 27693978 PMCID: PMC5125902 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2016.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Revised: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common disorder with a high prevalence and significant social and economic impacts. Nevertheless, the treatment of MDD is far from satisfactory. Acupuncture treatment has emerged as a promising method for treating MDD. However, the neural mechanism by which acupuncture reduces depressive symptoms is not fully understood. Studies have shown that the corticostriatal reward circuitry is associated with the pathophysiology of MDD; thus, we investigated the corticostriatal resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) before and after real and sham acupuncture treatments combined with the antidepressant fluoxetine. Forty-six female major depressive patients were assigned to either verum acupuncture plus fluoxetine (n = 22) or sham acupuncture plus fluoxetine (n = 24) treatment for 8 weeks, and resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data were collected before the first and after the last treatment sessions. The results showed that compared with sham acupuncture, the verum acupuncture group showed: (1) significantly increased rsFC between inferior ventral striatum and medial prefrontal cortex, ventral rostral putamen and amygdala/parahippocampus, as well as dorsal caudate and middle temporal gyrus; (2) significantly decreased rsFC between right ventral rostral putamen and right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and right dorsal caudate and bilateral cerebellar tonsil. The increased rsFC between the inferior ventral striatum and medial prefrontal cortex, ventral rostral putamen and amygdala/parahippocampus were significantly positively associated with decreased clinical scores (Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale and Self-Rating Depression Scale scores) at the end of the eight-week treatment. Our findings suggest that acupuncture may achieve treatment effects by modulating the corticostriatal reward/motivation circuitry in MDD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengjian Wang
- Center for the Study of Applied Psychology, Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science of Guangdong Province, School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China; Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Xiaoyun Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Jian Liu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Jun Chen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Xian Liu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Guangning Nie
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Kristen Jorgenson
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Ki Cheul Sohn
- Hospital of Catholic University of Daegu, 3056-6 Daemyeong 4 Nam-gu, Daegu 705-718, South Korea
| | - Ruiwang Huang
- Center for the Study of Applied Psychology, Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science of Guangdong Province, School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Ming Liu
- Center for the Study of Applied Psychology, Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science of Guangdong Province, School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Bo Liu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
| | - Jian Kong
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA.
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36
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Park JY, Kim SN, Yoo J, Jang J, Lee A, Oh JY, Kim H, Oh ST, Park SU, Kim J, Park HJ, Jeon S. Novel Neuroprotective Effects of Melanin-Concentrating Hormone in Parkinson’s Disease. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:7706-7721. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-0258-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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37
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Kim HJ, Jeon B, Chung SJ. Professional ethics in complementary and alternative medicines in management of Parkinson's disease. JOURNAL OF PARKINSON'S DISEASE 2016; 6:675-683. [PMID: 27589539 PMCID: PMC5088405 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-160890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The practice of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is not, at present, considered an integral part of conventional medicine. As the popularity of CAM grows and access to information about CAM increases through the media and internet where CAMs are often promoted, patients are at risk of exposure unvalidated information. Therefore, there is a need for physicians to examine objectively the efficacy and safety of CAM, compare it with current medications, and become actively involved in the CAM treatment with patients. In accordance with these needs, this manuscript reviews the utility, scientific evidence, safety and cost-effectiveness of CAM in the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD). We also address the ethical issues of CAM practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Jin Kim
- Department of Neurology, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Parkinson Disease Study Group, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Beomseok Jeon
- Parkinson Disease Study Group, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Neurology and Movement Disorder Center, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sun Ju Chung
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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38
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Therapies for Parkinson’s diseases: alternatives to current pharmacological interventions. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2016; 123:1279-1299. [DOI: 10.1007/s00702-016-1603-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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39
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Riesberg LA, Weed SA, McDonald TL, Eckerson JM, Drescher KM. Beyond muscles: The untapped potential of creatine. Int Immunopharmacol 2016; 37:31-42. [PMID: 26778152 PMCID: PMC4915971 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2015.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Revised: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Creatine is widely used by both elite and recreational athletes as an ergogenic aid to enhance anaerobic exercise performance. Older individuals also use creatine to prevent sarcopenia and, accordingly, may have therapeutic benefits for muscle wasting diseases. Although the effect of creatine on the musculoskeletal system has been extensively studied, less attention has been paid to its potential effects on other physiological systems. Because there is a significant pool of creatine in the brain, the utility of creatine supplementation has been examined in vitro as well as in vivo in both animal models of neurological disorders and in humans. While the data are preliminary, there is evidence to suggest that individuals with certain neurological conditions may benefit from exogenous creatine supplementation if treatment protocols can be optimized. A small number of studies that have examined the impact of creatine on the immune system have shown an alteration in soluble mediator production and the expression of molecules involved in recognizing infections, specifically toll-like receptors. Future investigations evaluating the total impact of creatine supplementation are required to better understand the benefits and risks of creatine use, particularly since there is increasing evidence that creatine may have a regulatory impact on the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa A Riesberg
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Creighton University, 2500 California Plaza, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
| | - Stephanie A Weed
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Creighton University, 2500 California Plaza, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
| | - Thomas L McDonald
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 986495, Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6495, USA
| | - Joan M Eckerson
- Department of Exercise Science and Pre-Health Professions, Creighton University, 2500 California Plaza, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
| | - Kristen M Drescher
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Creighton University, 2500 California Plaza, Omaha, NE 68178, USA.
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40
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Kwon S, Seo BK, Kim S. Acupuncture points for treating Parkinson's disease based on animal studies. Chin J Integr Med 2016; 22:723-7. [PMID: 27460492 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-016-2525-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a well-known neurodegenerative disease caused by dopaminergic cell death in the nigrostriatal pathway. Recent studies have shown that acupuncture can be a potential therapy for the treatment of PD, but it is not clear which acupuncture points (acupoints) play major roles in reliving symptoms of PD. Yanglingquan (GB 34), Zusanli (ST 36), Fengfu (GV 16), Taichong (LR 3), Baihui (GV 20) and Dazhui (GV 14) acupoints have frequently been to investigate the effectiveness and action mechanism of acupuncture for treating PD, but it is not clear why they were selected. This review summarizes the current understanding of the acupoints for PD treatment based on Oriental medicine theories and on the accumulated findings from previous animal studies. The results of this study will be useful to development of a strategy for future research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunoh Kwon
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Byung-Kwan Seo
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungtae Kim
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea.
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41
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Lin D, Lin LL, Sutherland K, Cao CH. Manual acupuncture at the SJ5 (Waiguan) acupoint shows neuroprotective effects by regulating expression of the anti-apoptotic gene Bcl-2. Neural Regen Res 2016; 11:305-11. [PMID: 27073385 PMCID: PMC4810996 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.177740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Acupuncture at the SJ5 (Waiguan) acupoint has neuroprotective effects in cerebral infarction, but the underlying mechanism remains poorly understood. Here, we analyzed gene expression in healthy rat cerebellum using a pathway-focused DNA microarray to screen 113 genes associated with 18 signal transduction pathways. After 20 minutes of acupuncture at SJ5, the expression of Bcl-2 and Birc1b mRNA was markedly increased. This was confirmed by real-time reverse transcription PCR. Furthermore, western blot analysis showed that Bcl-2 protein expression remained high in the cerebellum until at least 2 hours after cessation of acupuncture. These findings indicate that acupuncture at SJ5 exerts neuroprotective effects by regulating the expression of anti-apoptotic gene Bcl-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Lin
- College of Acupuncture, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Li-Li Lin
- College of Acupuncture, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Kyle Sutherland
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Chuan-Hai Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
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42
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Yu Y, Wang K, Deng J, Sun M, Jia J, Wang X. Electroacupuncture Produces the Sustained Motor Improvement in 6-Hydroxydopamine-Lesioned Mice. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0149111. [PMID: 26894437 PMCID: PMC4764645 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0149111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinical and research evidence has shown that electroacupuncture (EA) promotes recovery of motor function in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, the “efficacy span” of EA treatment, especially the long-term effect of EA that is thought to last after the cessation of EA treatment, has not been investigated. The present study thus investigated and compared the effect of EA during and after chronic EA application on motor activity and dopamine lesions in a 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-lesioned mouse model of PD. Chronic EA treatment (30 min a day, 6 days a week for 2 or 4 weeks) significantly attenuated motor deficiency and reduced dopamine neuron degeneration. Remarkably, EA showed a long-lasting effect after the cessation of EA stimulation. At 2 and 4 weeks after the termination of EA, EA continued to improve motor function in 6-OHDA-lesioned mice. Consistent with sustained behavioral effects, EA induced an enduring increase in the dopamine turnover ratio in the striatum 2 weeks after the cessation of EA treatment. Here we demonstrated that the therapeutic effect of EA outlasted the duration of EA application. During a relatively long period of time after the completion of EA treatment, EA is able to continue to improve motor function and enhance dopamine availability in 6-OHDA-lesioned PD mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yu
- Departments of Neurobiology and Physiology, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disorders of the Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory for Parkinson’s Disease, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Ke Wang
- Departments of Neurobiology and Physiology, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disorders of the Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory for Parkinson’s Disease, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Jiahui Deng
- Departments of Neurobiology and Physiology, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disorders of the Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory for Parkinson’s Disease, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Min Sun
- Departments of Neurobiology and Physiology, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disorders of the Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory for Parkinson’s Disease, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Jun Jia
- Departments of Neurobiology and Physiology, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disorders of the Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory for Parkinson’s Disease, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100069, China
- * E-mail: (JJ); (XMW)
| | - Xiaomin Wang
- Departments of Neurobiology and Physiology, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disorders of the Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory for Parkinson’s Disease, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100069, China
- * E-mail: (JJ); (XMW)
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Tian T, Sun Y, Wu H, Pei J, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Wang L, Li B, Wang L, Shi J, Hu J, Fan C. Acupuncture promotes mTOR-independent autophagic clearance of aggregation-prone proteins in mouse brain. Sci Rep 2016; 6:19714. [PMID: 26792101 PMCID: PMC4726430 DOI: 10.1038/srep19714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Acupuncture has historically been practiced to treat medical disorders by mechanically stimulating specific acupoints with fine needles. Despite its well-documented efficacy, its biological basis remains largely elusive. In this study, we found that mechanical stimulation at the acupoint of Yanglingquan (GB34) promoted the autophagic clearance of α-synuclein (α-syn), a well known aggregation-prone protein closely related to Parkinson's disease (PD), in the substantia nigra par compacta (SNpc) of the brain in a PD mouse model. We found the protein clearance arose from the activation of the autophagy-lysosome pathway (ALP) in a mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)-independent approach. Further, we observed the recovery in the activity of dopaminergic neurons in SNpc, and improvement in the motor function at the behavior level of PD mice. Whereas acupuncture and rapamycin, a chemical mTOR inhibitor, show comparable α-syn clearance and therapeutic effects in the PD mouse model, the latter adopts a distinctly different, mTOR-dependent, autophagy induction process. Due to this fundamental difference, acupuncture may circumvent adverse effects of the rapamycin treatment. The newly discovered connection between acupuncture and autophagy not only provides a new route to understanding the molecular mechanism of acupuncture but also sheds new light on cost-effective and safe therapy of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Tian
- Division of Physical Biology & Bioimaging Center, Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, CAS Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Yanhong Sun
- Division of Physical Biology & Bioimaging Center, Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, CAS Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Huangan Wu
- Shanghai Institute of Acupuncture Moxibustion and Meridian, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Jian Pei
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Long Hua Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- College of Acumox and Tuina, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Division of Physical Biology & Bioimaging Center, Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, CAS Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Division of Physical Biology & Bioimaging Center, Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, CAS Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Bin Li
- Division of Physical Biology & Bioimaging Center, Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, CAS Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Lihua Wang
- Division of Physical Biology & Bioimaging Center, Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, CAS Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Jiye Shi
- Kellogg College, University of Oxford, Banbury Road, Oxford, OX2 6PN, UK
- UCB Pharma, 208 Bath Road, Slough, SL1 3WE, UK
| | - Jun Hu
- Division of Physical Biology & Bioimaging Center, Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, CAS Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Chunhai Fan
- Division of Physical Biology & Bioimaging Center, Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, CAS Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
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Liu L, Wu Y, Zheng J, Lai X, Zeng D, Li H, Shi C, Yang M, Liang C. Cerebral activation effects of acupuncture using Zusanli (ST36) and Yanglingquan (GB34) points based on Regional Homogeneity indices: A resting-state fMRI study. JOURNAL OF X-RAY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2016; 24:297-308. [PMID: 27002910 DOI: 10.3233/xst-160557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to observe the cerebral activation effects of acupuncturing the Zusanli (ST36) plusYanglingquan (GB34) points in young healthy volunteers based on Regional Homogeneity (ReHo) indices. METHODS Ten healthy volunteers were enrolled, including 4 males and 6 females between the ages 20 and 34 years with a median age of 23 years. Magnetic resonance imaging (GE Signa HDxt 3.0T) was performed in four groups: Before acupuncture (Control Group), after acupuncture at Zusanli (ST36 Group), after acupuncture at Yanglingquan (GB34 Group) and after acupuncture at both Zusanli and Yanglingquan (Compatibility Group). Differences in the brain ReHo indices of the 4 groups were analyzed by statistical parametric mapping (SPM8) and ReHo data processing methods. The significantly different brain regions were obtained using a false discovery rate correction (FDR-Corrected). RESULTS The ReHo indices revealed that the main significant effect was in the Compatibility Group. Compared with the resting state of the Control Group, the ReHo values of the Compatibility Group increased in the right middle frontal gyrus (BA8, 9), left superior temporal areas (BA22), ventral anterior cingulate area (BA24) and right inferior parietal lobe (BA40); in contrast, the ReHo values decreased in the left thalamus, right insular cortex (BA13), left inferior frontal lobe (BA9) and right dorsal anterior cingulate area (BA32). Our analysis showed that the Compatibility Group had higher ReHo values than the left inferior parietal lobule (BA40) and right frontal cortex (BA6) of the ST36 Group and the posterior lobe of the right cerebellum, dorsal anterior cingulate (BA32), left and right middle frontal gyrus (BA46, BA9), left precuneus (BA7), right inferior parietal love (BA40) of the GB34 Group. CONCLUSION The results of our neuroimaging study suggest that the combination of acupoints could more widely activate areas of the brain compared to a single acupoint. Additionally, the combination of acupoints can activate some new brain areas and generate new curative effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liansheng Liu
- Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Radiology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of TCM, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuefeng Wu
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion College of Guangzhou University of TCM, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiayi Zheng
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion College of Guangzhou University of TCM, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinsheng Lai
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion College of Guangzhou University of TCM, Guangdong, China
| | - Daohui Zeng
- First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of TCM, Guangdong, China
| | - Hengguo Li
- First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangdong, China
| | - Changzheng Shi
- First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangdong, China
| | - Minjie Yang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangdong, China
| | - Changhong Liang
- Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Radiology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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Doo KH, Lee JH, Cho SY, Jung WS, Moon SK, Park JM, Ko CN, Kim H, Park HJ, Park SU. A Prospective Open-Label Study of Combined Treatment for Idiopathic Parkinson's Disease Using Acupuncture and Bee Venom Acupuncture as an Adjunctive Treatment. J Altern Complement Med 2015; 21:598-603. [DOI: 10.1089/acm.2015.0078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kyeong-Hee Doo
- Department of Cardiology and Neurology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Stroke and Neurological Disorders Center, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hyun Lee
- Department of Cardiology and Neurology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Stroke and Neurological Disorders Center, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Yeon Cho
- Department of Cardiology and Neurology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Stroke and Neurological Disorders Center, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Sang Jung
- Department of Cardiology and Neurology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Kwan Moon
- Department of Cardiology and Neurology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Mi Park
- Department of Cardiology and Neurology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Stroke and Neurological Disorders Center, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Nam Ko
- Department of Cardiology and Neurology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Stroke and Neurological Disorders Center, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Kim
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health & Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hi-Joon Park
- Acupuncture and Meridian Science Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Uk Park
- Department of Cardiology and Neurology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Stroke and Neurological Disorders Center, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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García-Pérez D, Laorden ML, Milanés MV. Regulation of Pleiotrophin, Midkine, Receptor Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase β/ζ, and Their Intracellular Signaling Cascades in the Nucleus Accumbens During Opiate Administration. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2015; 19:pyv077. [PMID: 26164717 PMCID: PMC4772269 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyv077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most classes of addictive substances alter the function and structural plasticity of the brain reward circuitry. Midkine (MK) and pleiotrophin (PTN) are growth/differentiation cytokines which, similarly to neurotrophins, play an important role in repair, neurite outgrowth, and cell differentiation. PTN or MK signaling through receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase β/ζ (RPTPβ/ζ), leads to the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases and thymoma viral proto-oncogene. This activation induces morphological changes and modulates addictive behaviors. Besides, there is increasing evidence that during the development of drug addiction, astrocytes contribute to the synaptic plasticity by synthesizing and releasing substances such as cytokines. METHODS In the present work we studied the effect of acute morphine administration, chronic morphine administration, and morphine withdrawal on PTN, MK, and RPTPβ/ζ expression and on their signaling pathways in the nucleus accumbens. RESULTS Present results indicated that PTN, MK, and RPTPβ/ζ levels increased after acute morphine injection, returned to basal levels during chronic opioid treatment, and were up-regulated again during morphine withdrawal. We also observed an activation of astrocytes after acute morphine injection and during opiate dependence and withdrawal. In addition, immunofluorescence analysis revealed that PTN, but not MK, was overexpressed in astrocytes and that dopaminoceptive neurons expressed RPTPβ/ζ. CONCLUSIONS All these observations suggest that the neurotrophic and behavioral adaptations that occur during opiate addiction could be, at least partly, mediated by cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel García-Pérez
- Group of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, Murcia, Spain (Mr García-Pérez, Drs Laorden, and Milanés); IMIB, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria, Murcia, Spain (Mr García-Pérez, Drs Laorden, and Milanés).
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Park JY, Choi H, Baek S, Jang J, Lee A, Jeon S, Kim J, Park HJ. p53 signalling mediates acupuncture-induced neuroprotection in Parkinson's disease. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 460:772-9. [PMID: 25827815 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.03.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder associated with a selective loss of dopamine (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra of the midbrain. Recently, it has been demonstrated that acupuncture treatment has protective effects in PD. However, to date, the molecular mechanisms underlying acupuncture's effect on DA neuronal protection are largely unknown. In this study, we report that p53 signalling mediates the protective effects of acupuncture treatment in a mouse model of PD. We found that the acupuncture treatment in the mouse PD model results in significant recovery to the normal in the context of behaviour and molecular signatures. We found that the gene network associated with p53 signalling is closely involved in the protective effects of acupuncture treatment in PD. Consistent with this idea, we demonstrated that specific knockout of the p53 gene in the midbrain DA neurons abrogates the acupuncture induced protective effects in the mouse model of PD. Thus, these data suggest that p53 signalling mediates the protective effects of acupuncture treatment in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Yeun Park
- Studies of Translational Acupuncture Research (STAR), Acupuncture & Meridian Science Research Center (AMSRC), Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwan Choi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Dongguk University, 3-ga, Pil-dong, Chung-gu, Seoul 100-715, Republic of Korea
| | - Soonbong Baek
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Dongguk University, 3-ga, Pil-dong, Chung-gu, Seoul 100-715, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehwan Jang
- Studies of Translational Acupuncture Research (STAR), Acupuncture & Meridian Science Research Center (AMSRC), Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea; Department of Korean Medical Science, Graduate School of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Ahreum Lee
- Studies of Translational Acupuncture Research (STAR), Acupuncture & Meridian Science Research Center (AMSRC), Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea; Department of Korean Medical Science, Graduate School of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Songhee Jeon
- Dongguk University Research Institute of Biotechnology, 3-ga, Pil-dong, Chung-gu, Seoul 100-715, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jongpil Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Dongguk University, 3-ga, Pil-dong, Chung-gu, Seoul 100-715, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hi-Joon Park
- Studies of Translational Acupuncture Research (STAR), Acupuncture & Meridian Science Research Center (AMSRC), Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea; Department of Korean Medical Science, Graduate School of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea.
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48
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Yeo S, An KS, Hong YM, Choi YG, Rosen B, Kim SH, Lim S. Neuroprotective changes in degeneration-related gene expression in the substantia nigra following acupuncture in an MPTP mouse model of Parkinsonism: Microarray analysis. Genet Mol Biol 2015; 38:115-27. [PMID: 25983633 PMCID: PMC4415566 DOI: 10.1590/s1415-475738120140137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 09/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the death of dopamine-generating cells in the substantia nigra (SN). Acupuncture stimulation results in an enhanced survival of dopaminergic neurons in the SN in Parkinsonism animal models. The present study investigated changes in gene expression profiles measured using whole transcript array in the SN region related to the inhibitory effects of acupuncture in a chronic 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) Parkinsonism model. In this model, acupuncture stimulation at GB34 and LR3 attenuated the decrease in tyrosine hydroxylase in the SN region; stimulation at non-acupoints did not suppress this decrease. Gene array analysis revealed that 22 (10 annotated genes: Cdh1, Itih2, Mpzl2, Rdh9, Serping1, Slc6a13, Slc6a20a, Slc6a4, Tph2, and Ucma) probes that were up-regulated in MPTP animals relative to controls were exclusively down-regulated by acupuncture stimulation. In addition, 17 (two annotated genes: 4921530L21Rik and Gm13931) probes that were down-regulated in MPTP animals compared to controls were exclusively up-regulated by acupuncture stimulation. These findings indicate that the 39 probes (12 annotated genes) affected by MPTP and acupuncture may be responsible for the inhibitory effects of acupuncture on degeneration-related gene expression in the SN following damage induced by MPTP intoxication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujung Yeo
- Research Group of Pain and Neuroscience, WHO Collaborating Center for
Traditional Medicine, East-West Medical Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul,
Republic of Korea
- Department of Basic Korean Medical Science, College of Korean Medicine,
Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Keon Sang An
- Department of Basic Korean Medical Science, College of Korean Medicine,
Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon-Mi Hong
- Research Group of Pain and Neuroscience, WHO Collaborating Center for
Traditional Medicine, East-West Medical Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul,
Republic of Korea
- Department of Basic Korean Medical Science, College of Korean Medicine,
Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong-Gon Choi
- Research Group of Pain and Neuroscience, WHO Collaborating Center for
Traditional Medicine, East-West Medical Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul,
Republic of Korea
- Department of Basic Korean Medical Science, College of Korean Medicine,
Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bruce Rosen
- Department of Basic Korean Medical Science, College of Korean Medicine,
Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical
Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston,
USA
| | - Sung-Hoon Kim
- Department of Basic Korean Medical Science, College of Korean Medicine,
Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sabina Lim
- Research Group of Pain and Neuroscience, WHO Collaborating Center for
Traditional Medicine, East-West Medical Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul,
Republic of Korea
- Department of Basic Korean Medical Science, College of Korean Medicine,
Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Kang YT, Liao YS, Hsieh CL. Different effects of transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation and electroacupuncture at ST36-ST37 on the cerebral cortex. Acupunct Med 2015; 33:36-41. [PMID: 25432425 PMCID: PMC4345985 DOI: 10.1136/acupmed-2014-010650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2014] [Revised: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 11/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effects of transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation (TENS) and electroacupuncture (EA) on the cerebral cortex are largely unclear. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of TENS and EA on the cerebral cortex by examining their effect on the median nerve-somatosensory evoked potentials (MN-SEPs). METHODS Twenty volunteers were studied. The cortical and cervical spinal potentials were recorded by median nerve stimulation at the left wrist. Sham TENS, 2 Hz TENS and 2 Hz EA were applied to both ST36 and ST37. MN-SEPs were recorded during sham TENS, 2 Hz TENS and 2 Hz EA, with at least 1 week interval for each subject. One-way analysis of variance was used to determine the differences in latency and amplitude of the MN-SEPs observed in the stimulation and post-stimulation periods compared with baseline. Scheffe's post hoc correction was employed to identify pairwise differences. RESULTS No differences in mean latency were found between the stimulation procedures during the stimulation and post-stimulation periods. 2 Hz EA but not sham TENS or 2 Hz TENS caused higher mean amplitudes in N20 and N30 during the stimulation and post-stimulation periods. CONCLUSIONS EA, but not TENS, induces changes in certain components of the signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Tien Kang
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Sheng Liao
- Department of Neurology, Taichung Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Liang Hsieh
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Research Center for Chinese Medicine and Acupuncture, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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50
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Sha F, Ye X, Zhao W, Xu CL, Wang L, Ding MH, Bi AL, Wu JF, Jiang WJ, Guo DD, Guo JG, Bi HS. Effects of electroacupuncture on the levels of retinal gamma-aminobutyric acid and its receptors in a guinea pig model of lens-induced myopia. Neuroscience 2014; 287:164-74. [PMID: 25542423 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Accepted: 12/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a major inhibitory neurotransmitter of the retina and affects myopic development. Electroacupuncture (EA) is widely utilized to treat myopia in clinical settings. However, there are few reports on whether EA affects the level of retinal GABA during myopic development. To study this issue, in the present study, we explored the changes of retinal GABA content and the expression of its receptor subtypes, and the effects of EA stimulation on them in a guinea pig model with lens-induced myopia (LIM). Our results showed that the content of GABA and the expression of GABAA and GABAC receptors of retina were up-regulated during the development of myopia, and this up-regulation was inhibited by applying EA to Hegu (LI4) and Taiyang (EX-HN5) acupoints. Moreover, these effects of EA show a positional specificity. While applying EA at a sham acupoint, no apparent change of myopic retinal GABA and its receptor subtypes was observed. Taken together, our findings suggest that LIM is effective to up-regulate the level of retinal GABA, GABAA and GABAC receptors in guinea pigs and the effect may be inhibited by EA stimulation at LI4 and EX-HN5 acupoints.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Sha
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250002, China
| | - X Ye
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases, No. 48#, Yingxiongshan Road, Jinan 250002, China; Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases in Universities of Shandong, No. 48#, Yingxiongshan Road, Jinan 250002, China; Eye Institute of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 48#, Yingxiongshan Road, Jinan 250002, China
| | - W Zhao
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250002, China
| | - C-L Xu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250002, China
| | - L Wang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250002, China; Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong Province 272000, China
| | - M-H Ding
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250002, China
| | - A-L Bi
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases, No. 48#, Yingxiongshan Road, Jinan 250002, China; Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases in Universities of Shandong, No. 48#, Yingxiongshan Road, Jinan 250002, China; Eye Institute of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 48#, Yingxiongshan Road, Jinan 250002, China
| | - J-F Wu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250002, China
| | - W-J Jiang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases, No. 48#, Yingxiongshan Road, Jinan 250002, China; Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases in Universities of Shandong, No. 48#, Yingxiongshan Road, Jinan 250002, China; Eye Institute of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 48#, Yingxiongshan Road, Jinan 250002, China
| | - D-D Guo
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases, No. 48#, Yingxiongshan Road, Jinan 250002, China; Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases in Universities of Shandong, No. 48#, Yingxiongshan Road, Jinan 250002, China; Eye Institute of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 48#, Yingxiongshan Road, Jinan 250002, China
| | - J-G Guo
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases, No. 48#, Yingxiongshan Road, Jinan 250002, China; Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases in Universities of Shandong, No. 48#, Yingxiongshan Road, Jinan 250002, China; Eye Institute of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 48#, Yingxiongshan Road, Jinan 250002, China
| | - H-S Bi
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases, No. 48#, Yingxiongshan Road, Jinan 250002, China; Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases in Universities of Shandong, No. 48#, Yingxiongshan Road, Jinan 250002, China; Eye Institute of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 48#, Yingxiongshan Road, Jinan 250002, China; Affiliated Eye Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 48#, Yingxiongshan Road, Jinan 250002, China.
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