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For: Hallett RM, Kondratyev MK, Giacomelli AO, Nixon AML, Girgis-Gabardo A, Ilieva D, Hassell JA. Small molecule antagonists of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway target breast tumor-initiating cells in a Her2/Neu mouse model of breast cancer. PLoS One 2012. [PMID: 22470504 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0033976pone-d-11-22474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open

For:	Hallett RM, Kondratyev MK, Giacomelli AO, Nixon AML, Girgis-Gabardo A, Ilieva D, Hassell JA. Small molecule antagonists of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway target breast tumor-initiating cells in a Her2/Neu mouse model of breast cancer. PLoS One 2012. [PMID: 22470504 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0033976pone-d-11-22474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open

Number	Cited by Other Article(s)
1	Quan MF, Xiao LH, Liu ZH, Guo H, Ren KQ, Liu F, Cao JG, Deng XY. 8-bromo-7-methoxychrysin inhibits properties of liver cancer stem cells via downregulation of β-catenin. World J Gastroenterol 2013;19:7680-7695. [PMID: 24431896 PMCID: PMC3837267 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v19.i43.7680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2013] [Revised: 08/20/2013] [Accepted: 09/17/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open Abstract AIM: To evaluate whether 8-bromo-7-methoxychrysin (BrMC), a synthetic analogue of chrysin, inhibits the properties of cancer stem cells derived from the human liver cancer MHCC97 cell line and to determine the potential mechanisms. METHODS: CD133⁺ cells were sorted from the MHCC97 cell line by magnetic activated cell sorting, and amplified in stem cell-conditioned medium to obtain the enriched CD133⁺ sphere forming cells (SFCs). The stem cell properties of CD133⁺ SFCs were validated by the tumorsphere formation assay in vitro and the xenograft nude mouse model in vivo, and termed liver cancer stem cells (LCSCs). The effects of BrMC on LCSCs in vitro were evaluated by MTT assay, tumorsphere formation assay and transwell chamber assay. The effects of BrMC on LCSCs in vivo were determined using a primary and secondary xenograft model in Balb/c-nu mice. Expressions of the stem cell markers, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers and β-catenin protein were analyzed by western blotting or immunohistochemical analysis. RESULTS: CD133⁺ SFCs exhibited stem-like cell properties of tumorsphere formation and tumorigenesis capacity in contrast to the parental MHCC97 cells. We found that BrMC preferentially inhibited proliferation and self-renewal of LCSCs (P < 0.05). Furthermore, BrMC significantly suppressed EMT and invasion of LCSCs. Moreover, BrMC could efficaciously eliminate LCSCs in vivo. Interestingly, we showed that BrMC decreased the expression of β-catenin in LCSCs. Silencing of β-catenin by small interfering RNA could synergize the inhibition of self-renewal of LCSCs induced by BrMC, while Wnt3a treatment antagonized the inhibitory effects of BrMC. CONCLUSION: BrMC can inhibit the functions and characteristics of LCSCs derived from the liver cancer MHCC97 cell line through downregulation of β-catenin expression. Collapse Key Words Liver cancer Cancer stem cell 8-bromo-7-methoxychrysin Self-renewal β-catenin Collapse MESH Headings AC133 Antigen Animals Antigens, CD/metabolism Cell Line, Tumor Cell Movement/drug effects Cell Proliferation/drug effects Culture Media, Conditioned/metabolism Dose-Response Relationship, Drug Down-Regulation Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition/drug effects Flavonoids/pharmacology Glycoproteins/metabolism Humans Immunomagnetic Separation Liver Neoplasms/drug therapy Liver Neoplasms/genetics Liver Neoplasms/metabolism Liver Neoplasms/pathology Mice Mice, Inbred BALB C Mice, Nude Neoplasm Invasiveness Neoplastic Stem Cells/drug effects Neoplastic Stem Cells/metabolism Neoplastic Stem Cells/pathology Peptides/metabolism RNA Interference Spheroids, Cellular Time Factors Transfection Tumor Burden/drug effects Wnt Signaling Pathway/drug effects Wnt3A Protein/metabolism Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays beta Catenin/genetics beta Catenin/metabolism Collapse Grants Collapse Affiliation(s) Collapse

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Cited by Other Article(s)

Quan MF, Xiao LH, Liu ZH, Guo H, Ren KQ, Liu F, Cao JG, Deng XY. 8-bromo-7-methoxychrysin inhibits properties of liver cancer stem cells via downregulation of β-catenin. World J Gastroenterol 2013;19:7680-7695. [PMID: 24431896 PMCID: PMC3837267 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v19.i43.7680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2013] [Revised: 08/20/2013] [Accepted: 09/17/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open

Abstract

AIM: To evaluate whether 8-bromo-7-methoxychrysin (BrMC), a synthetic analogue of chrysin, inhibits the properties of cancer stem cells derived from the human liver cancer MHCC97 cell line and to determine the potential mechanisms.

METHODS: CD133⁺ cells were sorted from the MHCC97 cell line by magnetic activated cell sorting, and amplified in stem cell-conditioned medium to obtain the enriched CD133⁺ sphere forming cells (SFCs). The stem cell properties of CD133⁺ SFCs were validated by the tumorsphere formation assay in vitro and the xenograft nude mouse model in vivo, and termed liver cancer stem cells (LCSCs). The effects of BrMC on LCSCs in vitro were evaluated by MTT assay, tumorsphere formation assay and transwell chamber assay. The effects of BrMC on LCSCs in vivo were determined using a primary and secondary xenograft model in Balb/c-nu mice. Expressions of the stem cell markers, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers and β-catenin protein were analyzed by western blotting or immunohistochemical analysis.

RESULTS: CD133⁺ SFCs exhibited stem-like cell properties of tumorsphere formation and tumorigenesis capacity in contrast to the parental MHCC97 cells. We found that BrMC preferentially inhibited proliferation and self-renewal of LCSCs (P < 0.05). Furthermore, BrMC significantly suppressed EMT and invasion of LCSCs. Moreover, BrMC could efficaciously eliminate LCSCs in vivo. Interestingly, we showed that BrMC decreased the expression of β-catenin in LCSCs. Silencing of β-catenin by small interfering RNA could synergize the inhibition of self-renewal of LCSCs induced by BrMC, while Wnt3a treatment antagonized the inhibitory effects of BrMC.

CONCLUSION: BrMC can inhibit the functions and characteristics of LCSCs derived from the liver cancer MHCC97 cell line through downregulation of β-catenin expression.

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