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Li YJ, Shi JR, Li SC, Wang LM, Dhar R, Li N, Cao XW, Li ZG, Tang HF. Phosphodiesterase type 10A inhibitor attenuates lung fibrosis by targeting myofibroblast activation. iScience 2023; 26:106586. [PMID: 37138780 PMCID: PMC10149334 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a fatal and irreversible respiratory disease accompanied by excessive fibroblast activation. Previous studies have suggested that cAMP signaling pathway and cGMP-PKG signaling pathway are continuously down-regulated in lung fibrosis, whereas PDE10A has a specifically expression in fibroblasts/myofibroblasts in lung fibrosis. In this study, we demonstrated that overexpression of PDE10A induces myofibroblast differentiation, and papaverine, as a PDE10A inhibitor used for vasodilation, inhibits myofibroblast differentiation in human fibroblasts, Meanwhile, papaverine alleviated bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis and amiodarone-induced oxidative stress, papaverine downregulated VASP/β-catenin pathway to reduce the myofibroblast differentiation. Our results first demonstrated that papaverine inhibits TGFβ1-induced myofibroblast differentiation and lung fibrosis by VASP/β-catenin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Jun Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Jian-Rong Shi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
| | - Shu-Chan Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Lu-Ming Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
| | - Rana Dhar
- Department of Pharmacology and Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Xin-Wei Cao
- Department of Pharmacology and Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Zi-Gang Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
| | - Hui-Fang Tang
- Department of Pharmacology and Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
- Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Diagnosis and Monitoring Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, China
- Corresponding author
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2
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Liu H, Li X, Li H, Feng L, Sun G, Sun G, Wu L, Hu Y, Liu L, Wang H. Potential molecular mechanisms and clinical progress in liver metastasis of breast cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 149:112824. [PMID: 35306430 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor in women and the leading cause of cancer death in women. About 30% of breast cancer patients have metastasis every year, which greatly increases the mortality rate of breast cancer. The main target organs for metastasis are bone, brain, liver and lung. The breast cancer liver metastasis (BCLM) mechanism is not fully clarified. This is a complex process involving multiple factors, which is not only related to the microenvironment of the primary tumor and liver, but also regulated by a variety of signaling pathways. Clarifying these mechanisms is of great help to guide clinical treatment. With the in-depth study of BCLM, a variety of new treatment schemes such as targeted therapy and endocrine therapy provide new ideas for the cure of BCLM. In this review, we will summarize the molecular mechanism and treatment of BCLM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanyuan Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haiyang Li
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lei Feng
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guangshun Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guoqiang Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liangliang Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yun Hu
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China.
| | - Li Liu
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Hanjin Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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3
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Chen Z, Chu X, Xu J. Detection and analysis of long noncoding RNA expression profiles related to epithelial-mesenchymal transition in keloids. Biomed Eng Online 2022; 21:2. [PMID: 35012558 PMCID: PMC8751032 DOI: 10.1186/s12938-022-00976-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in the pathogenesis of keloids is currently raising increasing attention. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) govern a variety of biological processes, such as EMT, and their dysregulation is involved in many diseases including keloid disease. The aim of this study was to identify differentially expressed EMT-related lncRNAs in keloid tissues versus normal tissues and to interpret their functions. RESULTS Eleven lncRNAs and 16 mRNAs associated with EMT were identified to have differential expression between keloid and normal skin tissues (fold change > 1.5, P < 0.05). Gene Ontology (GO) analysis showed that these differentially expressed mRNAs functioned in the extracellular matrix, protein binding, the positive regulation of cellular processes, the Set1C/COMPASS complex and histone acetyltransferase activity. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis demonstrated that these mRNAs are involved in pathways in cancer. The lncRNA, XLOC_000587 may promote cell proliferation and migration by enhancing the expression of ENAH, while AF268386 may facilitate the invasive growth of keloids by upregulating DDR2. CONCLUSIONS We characterized the differential expression profiles of EMT-related lncRNAs and mRNAs in keloids, which may contribute to preventing the occurrence and development of keloids by targeting the corresponding signaling pathways. These lncRNAs and mRNAs may provide biomarkers for keloid diagnosis and serve as potential targets for the treatment of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixiong Chen
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Chu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinghong Xu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, People's Republic of China.
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4
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Even İ, Akiva İ, İyison NB. An in vivo RNAi mini-screen in Drosophila cancer models reveals novel potential Wnt targets in liver cancer. TURKISH JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY 2018; 30:198-207. [PMID: 30541713 DOI: 10.5152/tjg.2018.18241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Aberrant activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling, which arises from the accumulation of mutant β-catenin in the cell, is one of the most common driving forces in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We previously identified several genes that are regulated on the overexpression of β-catenin in the HCC cell line that are suggested to be novel Wnt/β-catenin targets playing effective roles in cancer. The aim of the present study was to elucidate the roles of these putative target genes in tumorigenesis with an in vivo analysis in Drosophila. MATERIALS AND METHODS We selected 15 genes downregulated in two Drosophila cancer models. RESULTS The results from the RNAi mini-screen revealed novel roles for the analyzed putative Wnt/β-catenin target genes in tumorigenesis. The downregulation of the analyzed nine genes led to tumor formation as well as metastasis in Drosophila, suggesting a tumor suppressor function. On the other hand, the knockdown of the other two genes suppressed tumor and metastasis formations and disturbed the development of the analyzed eye tissues, indicating an oncogenic or developmental role for these genes. CONCLUSION These findings could serve to identify novel subjects for cancer research in order to provide insight into the diagnostic and therapeutic processes of several cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- İpek Even
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Boğaziçi University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - İzzet Akiva
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Boğaziçi University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Necla Birgül İyison
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Boğaziçi University, İstanbul, Turkey;Center for Life Sciences and Technologies, Boğaziçi University, İstanbul, Turkey
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5
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Enah overexpression is correlated with poor survival and aggressive phenotype in gastric cancer. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:998. [PMID: 30250066 PMCID: PMC6155292 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-1031-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 08/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Enabled homolog (Enah), which is a member of the Ena/VASP family that also includes VASP (vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein) and Ena/VASP like, is a mammalian ortholog of Drosophila Enabled (Ena). An increasing number of studies demonstrated Enah overexpression is involved in human colorectal carcinomas, breast cancers and hepatocellular carcinoma. However, the significance of Enah expression in gastric cancer (GC) is poorly elucidated. Here, we demonstrate that Enah is upregulated in GC and associated with AJCC stage, depth of invasion and poor overall survival (OS). Knockdown of Enah inhibited GC cell proliferation and metastasis and vice versa. Further experiments suggested that p-Erk1/2, p-AKT, p-p65, Vimentin and Fibronectin were downregulated and E-cadherin was upregulated after Enah silencing, implicating altered functions in GC proliferation and metastasis. Thus, our study suggests that Enah is a harmful factor for GC and a novel target for GC treatment.
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6
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Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor γ and PGC-1 α in Cancer: Dual Actions as Tumor Promoter and Suppressor. PPAR Res 2018; 2018:6727421. [PMID: 29599799 PMCID: PMC5828371 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6727421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Revised: 12/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) is part of a nuclear receptor superfamily that regulates gene expression involved in cell differentiation, proliferation, immune/inflammation response, and lipid metabolism. PPARγ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α), initially identified as a PPARγ-interacting protein, is an important regulator of diverse metabolic pathways, such as oxidative metabolism and energy homeostasis. The role of PGC-1α in diabetes, neurodegeneration, and cardiovascular disease is particularly well known. PGC-1α is also now known to play important roles in cancer, independent of the role of PPARγ in cancer. Though many researchers have studied the expression and clinical implications of PPARγ and PGC-1α in cancer, there are still many controversies about the role of PPARγ and PGC-1α in cancer. This review examines and summarizes some recent data on the role and action mechanisms of PPARγ and PGC-1α in cancer, respectively, particularly the recent progress in understanding the role of PPARγ in several cancers since our review was published in 2012.
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7
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Vidaki M, Drees F, Saxena T, Lanslots E, Taliaferro MJ, Tatarakis A, Burge CB, Wang ET, Gertler FB. A Requirement for Mena, an Actin Regulator, in Local mRNA Translation in Developing Neurons. Neuron 2017; 95:608-622.e5. [PMID: 28735747 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2017.06.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Revised: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
During neuronal development, local mRNA translation is required for axon guidance and synaptogenesis, and dysregulation of this process contributes to multiple neurodevelopmental and cognitive disorders. However, regulation of local protein synthesis in developing axons remains poorly understood. Here, we uncover a novel role for the actin-regulatory protein Mena in the formation of a ribonucleoprotein complex that involves the RNA-binding proteins HnrnpK and PCBP1 and regulates local translation of specific mRNAs in developing axons. We find that translation of dyrk1a, a Down syndrome- and autism spectrum disorders-related gene, is dependent on Mena, both in steady-state conditions and upon BDNF stimulation. We identify hundreds of additional mRNAs that associate with the Mena complex, suggesting that it plays broader role(s) in post-transcriptional gene regulation. Our work establishes a dual role for Mena in neurons, providing a potential link between regulation of actin dynamics and local translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Vidaki
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
| | - Frauke Drees
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Tanvi Saxena
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Erwin Lanslots
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Matthew J Taliaferro
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Antonios Tatarakis
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Christopher B Burge
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Eric T Wang
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Frank B Gertler
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
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8
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Hu K, Huang P, Luo H, Yao Z, Wang Q, Xiong Z, Lin J, Huang H, Xu S, Zhang P, Liu B. Mammalian-enabled (MENA) protein enhances oncogenic potential and cancer stem cell-like phenotype in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. FEBS Open Bio 2017; 7:1144-1153. [PMID: 28781954 PMCID: PMC5537062 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2016] [Revised: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Mammalian-enabled (MENA) protein is an actin-regulatory protein that influences cell motility and adhesion. It is known to play a role in tumorigenicity of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) but the underlying molecular mechanism remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate the oncogenic potential of MENA and its capacity to regulate cancer stem cell (CSC)-like phenotypes in HCC cells. Real-time-PCR and western blot were used to assess mRNA and protein levels of target genes in human HCC tissue specimens and HCC cell lines, respectively. Stable MENA-overexpressing HCC cells were generated from HCC cell lines. Transwell cell migration and colony formation assays were employed to evaluate tumorigenicity. Ectopic expression of MENA significantly enhanced cell migration and colony-forming ability in HCC cells. Overexpression of MENA upregulated several hepatic progenitor/stem cell markers in HCC cells. A high MENA protein level was associated with high mRNA levels of MENA, CD133, cytokeratin 19 (CK19), and epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) in human HCC tissues. Overexpression of MENA enhanced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers, extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) phosphorylation, and the level of β-catenin in HCC cells. This study demonstrated that overexpression of MENA in HCC cells promoted stem cell markers, EMT markers, and tumorigenicity. These effects may involve, at least partially, the ERK and β-catenin signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunpeng Hu
- Department of General Surgery The Third Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Pinzhu Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery The Sixth Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Hui Luo
- Department of Operating Room The Third Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Zhicheng Yao
- Department of General Surgery The Third Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Qingliang Wang
- Department of General Surgery The Third Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Zhiyong Xiong
- Department of General Surgery The Third Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Jizong Lin
- Department of General Surgery The Third Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China
| | - He Huang
- Department of General Surgery The Third Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Shilei Xu
- Department of General Surgery The Third Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery The Third Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of General Surgery The Third Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China
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Xiang T, Fan Y, Li C, Li L, Ying Y, Mu J, Peng W, Feng Y, Oberst M, Kelly K, Ren G, Tao Q. DACT2 silencing by promoter CpG methylation disrupts its regulation of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and cytoskeleton reorganization in breast cancer cells. Oncotarget 2016; 7:70924-70935. [PMID: 27708215 PMCID: PMC5340116 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Wnt signaling plays an important role in breast carcinogenesis. DAPPER2 (DACT2) functions as an inhibitor of canonical Wnt signaling and plays distinct roles in different cell contexts, with its role in breast tumorigenesis unclear. We investigated DACT2 expression in breast cancer cell lines and primary tumors, as well as its functions and molecular mechanisms. Results showed that DACT2 expression was silenced in 9/9 of cell lines. Promoter CpG methylation of DACT2 was detected in 89% (8/9) of cell lines, as well as in 73% (107/147) of primary tumors, but only in 20% (1/5) of surgical margin tissues and in none of normal breast tissues. Demethylation of BT549 and T47D cell lines with 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine restored DACT2 expression along with promoter demethylation, suggesting that its downregulation in breast cancer is dependent on promoter methylation. Furthermore, ectopic expression of DACT2 induced breast cell apoptosis in vitro, and further inhibited breast tumor cell proliferation, migration and EMT, through antagonizing Wnt/β-catenin and Akt/GSK-3 signaling. Thus, these results demonstrate that DACT2 functions as a tumor suppressor for breast cancer but was frequently disrupted epigenetically in this cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingxiu Xiang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yichao Fan
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, Department of Clinical Oncology, Sir YK Pao Center for Cancer and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong and CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, Hong Kong
| | - Chunhong Li
- Oncology Department, Suining Sichuan Center Hospital, Sichuan, China
| | - Lili Li
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, Department of Clinical Oncology, Sir YK Pao Center for Cancer and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong and CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, Hong Kong
| | - Ying Ying
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, Department of Clinical Oncology, Sir YK Pao Center for Cancer and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong and CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, Hong Kong
| | - Junhao Mu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Weiyan Peng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yixiao Feng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Michael Oberst
- Signal Transduction Section, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Kathleen Kelly
- Signal Transduction Section, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Guosheng Ren
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qian Tao
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, Department of Clinical Oncology, Sir YK Pao Center for Cancer and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong and CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, Hong Kong
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10
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Melchionna R, Iapicca P, Di Modugno F, Trono P, Sperduti I, Fassan M, Cataldo I, Rusev BC, Lawlor RT, Diodoro MG, Milella M, Grazi GL, Bissell MJ, Scarpa A, Nisticò P. The pattern of hMENA isoforms is regulated by TGF-β1 in pancreatic cancer and may predict patient outcome. Oncoimmunology 2016; 5:e1221556. [PMID: 28123868 PMCID: PMC5213039 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2016.1221556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Revised: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive disease in need of prognostic markers to address therapeutic choices. We have previously shown that alternative splicing of the actin regulator, hMENA, generates hMENA11a, and hMENAΔv6 isoforms with opposite roles in cell invasion. We examined the expression pattern of hMENA isoforms by immunohistochemistry, using anti-pan hMENA and specific anti-hMENA11a antibodies, in 285 PDACs, 15 PanINs, 10 pancreatitis, and normal pancreas. Pan hMENA immunostaining, absent in normal pancreas and low-grade PanINs, was weak in PanIN-3 and had higher levels in virtually all PDACs with 64% of cases showing strong staining. Conversely, the anti-invasive hMENA11a isoform only showed strong staining in 26% of PDAC. The absence of hMENA11a in a subset (34%) of pan-hMENA-positive tumors significantly correlated with poor outcome. The functional effects of hMENA isoforms were analyzed by loss and gain of function experiments in TGF-β1-treated PDAC cell lines. hMENA11a knock-down in PDAC cell lines affected cell-cell adhesion but not invasion. TGF-β1 cooperated with β-catenin signaling to upregulate hMENA and hMENAΔv6 expression but not hMENA11a In the absence of hMENA11a, the hMENA/hMENAΔv6 up-regulation is crucial for SMAD2-mediated TGF-β1 signaling and TGF-β1-induced EMT. Since the hMENA isoform expression pattern correlates with patient outcome, the data suggest that hMENA splicing and related pathways are novel key players in pancreatic tumor microenvironment and may represent promising targets for the development of new prognostic and therapeutic tools in PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Melchionna
- Tumour Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute , Rome, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Iapicca
- Tumour Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute , Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Di Modugno
- Tumour Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute , Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Trono
- Tumour Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute , Rome, Italy
| | - Isabella Sperduti
- Biostatistics and Scientific Direction, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute , Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Fassan
- ARC-NET Research Center, Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University of Verona , Verona, Italy
| | - Ivana Cataldo
- ARC-NET Research Center, Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University of Verona , Verona, Italy
| | - Borislav C Rusev
- ARC-NET Research Center, Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University of Verona , Verona, Italy
| | - Rita T Lawlor
- ARC-NET Research Center, Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University of Verona , Verona, Italy
| | | | - Michele Milella
- Medical Oncology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute , Rome, Italy
| | - Gian Luca Grazi
- Hepato-pancreato-biliary Surgery Unit, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute , Rome, Italy
| | - Mina J Bissell
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California , CA, USA
| | - Aldo Scarpa
- ARC-NET Research Center, Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University of Verona , Verona, Italy
| | - Paola Nisticò
- Tumour Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute , Rome, Italy
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Guo F, Ren X, Dong Y, Hu X, Xu D, Zhou H, Meng F, Tian W, Zhao Y. Constitutive expression of PPARγ inhibits proliferation and migration of gastric cancer cells and down-regulates Wnt/β-Catenin signaling pathway downstream target genes TERT and ENAH. Gene 2016; 584:31-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2016.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Revised: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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12
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Zhou HM, Fang YY, Weinberger PM, Ding LL, Cowell JK, Hudson FZ, Ren M, Lee JR, Chen QK, Su H, Dynan WS, Lin Y. Transgelin increases metastatic potential of colorectal cancer cells in vivo and alters expression of genes involved in cell motility. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:55. [PMID: 26847345 PMCID: PMC4741053 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2105-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Accepted: 01/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Transgelin is an actin-binding protein that promotes motility in normal cells. Although the role of transgelin in cancer is controversial, a number of studies have shown that elevated levels correlate with aggressive tumor behavior, advanced stage, and poor prognosis. Here we sought to determine the role of transgelin more directly by determining whether experimental manipulation of transgelin levels in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells led to changes in metastatic potential in vivo. Methods Isogenic CRC cell lines that differ in transgelin expression were characterized using in vitro assays of growth and invasiveness and a mouse tail vein assay of experimental metastasis. Downstream effects of transgelin overexpression were investigated by gene expression profiling and quantitative PCR. Results Stable overexpression of transgelin in RKO cells, which have low endogenous levels, led to increased invasiveness, growth at low density, and growth in soft agar. Overexpression also led to an increase in the number and size of lung metastases in the mouse tail vein injection model. Similarly, attenuation of transgelin expression in HCT116 cells, which have high endogenous levels, decreased metastases in the same model. Investigation of mRNA expression patterns showed that transgelin overexpression altered the levels of approximately 250 other transcripts, with over-representation of genes that affect function of actin or other cytoskeletal proteins. Changes included increases in HOOK1, SDCCAG8, ENAH/Mena, and TNS1 and decreases in EMB, BCL11B, and PTPRD. Conclusions Increases or decreases in transgelin levels have reciprocal effects on tumor cell behavior, with higher expression promoting metastasis. Chronic overexpression influences steady-state levels of mRNAs for metastasis-related genes. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-016-2105-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Min Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Fang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Paul M Weinberger
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA.,GRU Cancer Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | | | - John K Cowell
- GRU Cancer Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Farlyn Z Hudson
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Mingqiang Ren
- GRU Cancer Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Lee
- Department of Pathology, Georgia Regents University, and Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Qi-Kui Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Hong Su
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - William S Dynan
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA. .,Departments of Radiation Oncology and Biochemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - Ying Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China. .,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
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Merhi A, De Mees C, Abdo R, Victoria Alberola J, Marini AM. Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Regulates the Expression of the Ammonium Permease Gene RHBG in Human Cancer Cells. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0128683. [PMID: 26029888 PMCID: PMC4452261 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0128683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ammonium is a metabolic waste product mainly detoxified by the liver. Hepatic dysfunction can lead to cytotoxic accumulation of circulating ammonium and to subsequent encephalopathy. Transmembrane ammonium transport is a widely spread process ensured by the highly conserved proteins of the Mep-Amt-Rh superfamily, including the mammalian Rhesus (Rh) factors. The regulatory mechanisms involved in the control of RH genes expression remain poorly studied. Here we addressed the expression regulation of one of these factors, RHBG. We identify HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma cells and SW480 colon adenocarcinoma cells as expressing RHBG and show that its expression relies on β-catenin signaling. siRNA-mediated β-catenin knockdown resulted in significant reduction of RHBG mRNA in both cell lines. Pharmaceutical inhibition of the TCF4/β-catenin interaction or knockdown of the transcription factor TCF4 also downregulated RHBG expression. We identify a minimal RHBG regulatory sequence displaying a promoter activity and show that β-catenin and TCF4 bind to this fragment in vivo. We finally characterize the role of potential TCF4 binding sites in RHBG regulation. Taken together, our results indicate RHBG expression as a direct target of β-catenin regulation, a pathway frequently deregulated in many cancers and associated with tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Merhi
- Biology of Membrane Transport Laboratory, IBMM, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Christelle De Mees
- Biology of Membrane Transport Laboratory, IBMM, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Rami Abdo
- Biology of Membrane Transport Laboratory, IBMM, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Gosselies, Belgium
| | | | - Anna Maria Marini
- Biology of Membrane Transport Laboratory, IBMM, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Gosselies, Belgium
- * E-mail:
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14
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Dominguez M. Oncogenic programmes and Notch activity: an 'organized crime'? Semin Cell Dev Biol 2014; 28:78-85. [PMID: 24780858 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2014.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Accepted: 04/02/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The inappropriate Notch signalling can influence virtually all aspect of cancer, including tumour-cell growth, survival, apoptosis, angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis, although it does not do this alone. Hence, elucidating the partners of Notch that are active in cancer is now the focus of much intense research activity. The genetic toolkits available, coupled to the small size and short life of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, makes this an inexpensive and effective animal model, suited to large-scale cancer gene discovery studies. The fly eye is not only a non-vital organ but its stereotyped size and disposition also means it is easy to screen for mutations that cause tumours and metastases and provides ample opportunities to test cancer theories and to unravel unanticipated nexus between Notch and other cancer genes, or to discover unforeseen Notch's partners in cancer. These studies suggest that Notch's oncogenic capacity is brought about not simply by increasing signal strength but through partnerships, whereby oncogenes gain more by cooperating than acting individually, as in a ring 'organized crime'.
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15
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Comprehensive analysis of β-catenin target genes in colorectal carcinoma cell lines with deregulated Wnt/β-catenin signaling. BMC Genomics 2014; 15:74. [PMID: 24467841 PMCID: PMC3909937 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-15-74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2013] [Accepted: 01/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Deregulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling is a hallmark of the majority of sporadic forms of colorectal cancer and results in increased stability of the protein β-catenin. β-catenin is then shuttled into the nucleus where it activates the transcription of its target genes, including the proto-oncogenes MYC and CCND1 as well as the genes encoding the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) proteins ASCL2 and ITF-2B. To identify genes commonly regulated by β-catenin in colorectal cancer cell lines, we analyzed β-catenin target gene expression in two non-isogenic cell lines, DLD1 and SW480, using DNA microarrays and compared these genes to β-catenin target genes published in the PubMed database and DNA microarray data presented in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Results Treatment of DLD1 and SW480 cells with β-catenin siRNA resulted in differential expression of 1501 and 2389 genes, respectively. 335 of these genes were regulated in the same direction in both cell lines. Comparison of these data with published β-catenin target genes for the colon carcinoma cell line LS174T revealed 193 genes that are regulated similarly in all three cell lines. The overlapping gene set includes confirmed β-catenin target genes like AXIN2, MYC, and ASCL2. We also identified 11 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways that are regulated similarly in DLD1 and SW480 cells and one pathway – the steroid biosynthesis pathway – was regulated in all three cell lines. Conclusions Based on the large number of potential β-catenin target genes found to be similarly regulated in DLD1, SW480 and LS174T cells as well as the large overlap with confirmed β-catenin target genes, we conclude that DLD1 and SW480 colon carcinoma cell lines are suitable model systems to study Wnt/β-catenin signaling and associated colorectal carcinogenesis. Furthermore, the confirmed and the newly identified potential β-catenin target genes are useful starting points for further studies.
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Gurzu S, Ciortea D, Ember I, Jung I. The possible role of Mena protein and its splicing-derived variants in embryogenesis, carcinogenesis, and tumor invasion: a systematic review of the literature. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:365192. [PMID: 23956979 PMCID: PMC3728509 DOI: 10.1155/2013/365192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2013] [Revised: 06/16/2013] [Accepted: 07/02/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The Ena/VASP (enabled/vasodilator stimulated phosphoprotein) family includes the binding actin proteins such as mammalian Ena (Mena), VASP, and Ena-VASP-like. It is known that the perturbation of actin cycle could determine alteration in the mobility of cells and in consequence of organogenesis. Few recent studies have revealed that Mena protein could play a role in breast or pancreatic carcinogenesis. Based on our researches, we observed that the intensity of Mena expression increased from premalignant to malignant lesions in some organs such as large bowel, stomach, cervix, and salivary glands. These findings prove that Mena could be a marker of premalignant epithelial lesions. In premalignant lesions, it could be helpful to define more accurately the risk for malignant transformation. In malignant tumors, correlation of expression of its splice variants could indicate metastatic behavior. In conclusion, we consider that it is necessary to analyze the expression of Mena splice variants in a higher number of cases, in different epithelial lesions, and also in experimental studies to define its exact role in carcinogenesis and also its possible prognostic and predictive values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Gurzu
- Department of Pathology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Targu-Mures, 38 Ghe Marinescu Street, 540193 Targu Mures, Romania.
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