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Li N, Xiao C, Li Y, Zhang Y, Lin Y, Liu Q, Tang L, Xu L, Ren Z. Association of Chlamydia trachomatis Infection With Breast Cancer Risk and the Modification Effect of IL-12. Clin Breast Cancer 2024:S1526-8209(24)00116-2. [PMID: 38821744 DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2024.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chlamydia trachomatis (C. trachomatis) infection has been implicated in various cancers, yet its association with breast cancer remains unexplored. This infection triggers a cascade of immune responses primarily regulated by Interleukins-12 (IL-12). Thus, the objective of this case-control study was to investigate the link between C. trachomatis infection and breast cancer risk, as well as the modification effect of IL-12. METHODS We assessed IgG levels against C. trachomatis in serum of 1,121 women with breast cancer (861 with estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) and 260 with estrogen receptor-negative (ER-) tumors) and 400 controls in Guangzhou, China. Logistic regression models were applied to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for breast cancer risk in association with C. trachomatis infection. The interaction between C. trachomatis infection and IL-12 on breast cancer risk was estimated by the product terms in the logistic regression models. RESULTS Seropositivity of C. trachomatis IgG showed a slight association with an increased risk of breast cancer (OR = 1.20; 95% CI: 0.86∼1.78). This association was more pronounced among women with a higher (OR = 5.82; 95% CI: 1.31∼25.94) than a lower (OR = 0.73; 95% CI: 0.41∼1.30) level of IL-12, with a statistically significant interaction observed (Pinteraction = 0.013). In addition, C. trachomatis IgG seropositivity was related to an increased risk of breast cancer among PR+ patients (OR = 1.53; 95% CI: 1.04∼2.23). CONCLUSIONS C. trachomatis infection may contribute to the development of hormone-responsive breast cancer in women with high levels of IL-12. Further studies are needed to uncover the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chengkun Xiao
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunqian Li
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Shenzhen Pingle Orthopedic Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yixin Zhang
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Lin
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Luying Tang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Xu
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
| | - Zefang Ren
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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Li Y, Gan X, Liang Z, Ye H, Lin Y, Liu Q, Xie X, Tang L, Ren Z. Interaction of reproductive tract infections with estrogen exposure on breast cancer risk and prognosis. BMC Womens Health 2023; 23:238. [PMID: 37158842 PMCID: PMC10165758 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-023-02383-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reproductive tract infections influenced a series of inflammatory processes which involved in the development of breast cancer, while the processes were largely affected by estrogen. The present study aimed to explore the associations of breast cancer risk and prognosis with reproductive tract infections and the modification effects of estrogen exposure. METHODS We collected history of reproductive tract infections, menstruation and reproduction from 1003 cases and 1107 controls and a cohort of 4264 breast cancer patients during 2008-2018 in Guangzhou, China. We used logistic regression model to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for risk; Cox model was applied to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs for progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). RESULTS It was found that previous reproductive tract infections were negatively associated with breast cancer risk (OR = 0.80, 95%CI, 0.65-0.98), particularly for patients with more menstrual cycles (OR = 0.74, 95%CI, 0.57-0.96). Patients with previous reproductive tract infections experienced better OS (HR = 0.61; 95% CI, 0.40-0.94) and PFS (HR = 0.84; 95% CI, 0.65-1.09). This protective effect on PFS was only found in patients with more menstrual cycles (HR = 0.52, 95% CI:0.34-0.79, Pinteraction = 0.015). CONCLUSIONS The findings suggested that reproductive tract infections may be protective for the initiation and development of breast cancer, particularly for women with a longer interval of lifetime estrogen exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- YunQian Li
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, 74 Zhongshan 2Nd Rd, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - XingLi Gan
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, 74 Zhongshan 2Nd Rd, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - ZhuoZhi Liang
- School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Senen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Senen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - HengMing Ye
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, 74 Zhongshan 2Nd Rd, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Ying Lin
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - XiaoMing Xie
- The Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - LuYing Tang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - ZeFang Ren
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, 74 Zhongshan 2Nd Rd, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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Lulu AM, Cummings KL, Jeffery ED, Myers PT, Underwood D, Lacy RM, Chianese-Bullock KA, Slingluff CL, Modesitt SC, Engelhard VH. Characteristics of Immune Memory and Effector Activity to Cancer-Expressed MHC Class I Phosphopeptides Differ in Healthy Donors and Ovarian Cancer Patients. Cancer Immunol Res 2021; 9:1327-1341. [PMID: 34413086 PMCID: PMC8568670 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-21-0111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Elevated immunity to cancer-expressed antigens can be detected in people with no history of cancer and may contribute to cancer prevention. We have previously reported that MHC-restricted phosphopeptides are cancer-expressed antigens and targets of immune recognition. However, the extent to which this immunity reflects prior or ongoing phosphopeptide exposures was not investigated. In this study, we found that preexisting immune memory to cancer-expressed phosphopeptides was evident in most healthy donors, but the breadth among donors was highly variable. Although three phosphopeptides were recognized by most donors, suggesting exposures to common microbial/infectious agents, most of the 205 tested phosphopeptides were not recognized by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from any donor and the remainder were recognized by only 1 to 3 donors. In longitudinal analyses of 2 donors, effector immune response profiles suggested active reexposures to a subset of phosphopeptides. These findings suggest that the immunogens generating most phosphopeptide-specific immune memory are rare infectious agents or incipient cancer cells with distinct phosphoproteome dysregulations, and that repetitive immunogenic exposures occur in individual donors. Phosphopeptide-specific immunity in PBMCs and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes from ovarian cancer patients was limited, regardless of whether the phosphopeptide was expressed on the tumor. However, 4 of 10 patients responded to 1 to 2 immunodominant phosphopeptides, and 1 showed an elevated effector response to a tumor-expressed phosphopeptide. As the tumors from these patients displayed many phosphopeptides, these data are consistent with lack of prior exposure or impaired ability to respond to some phosphopeptides and suggest that enhancing phosphopeptide-specific T-cell responses could be a useful approach to improve tumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda M Lulu
- Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Kara L Cummings
- Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | | | | | | | - Rachel M Lacy
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Kimberly A Chianese-Bullock
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Craig L Slingluff
- Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Susan C Modesitt
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Victor H Engelhard
- Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia.
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia
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Wang C, Han W, Gu Y. Changes in the levels of T lymphocytes and inflammatory factors in the peripheral blood of breast cancer patients during postoperative chemotherapy. Gland Surg 2020; 9:2155-2161. [PMID: 33447566 DOI: 10.21037/gs-20-818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background As one of the main malignant tumors affecting women, the incidence of breast cancer increases year by year. This study aims to analyze the risk factors of infection in breast cancer patients during postoperative chemotherapy by measuring the changes in the levels of T lymphocytes and inflammatory factors in peripheral blood. Methods The clinical data of 156 patients who underwent radical mastectomy and postoperative chemotherapy [docetaxel, epirubicin, cyclophosphamide (TEC)] in our hospital from May 2014 to April 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the presence or absence of infection after chemotherapy, patients were divided into the infection group and the normal group. The risk factors of infection during chemotherapy were analyzed by univariate and multiple logistic regression analyses. Serum before surgery, and before and after chemotherapy, was collected to detect the levels of T lymphocytes and inflammatory factors. Results A total of 36 patients developed an infection during chemotherapy, with an infection rate of 23.08%. The main infection site was the respiratory tract. The main pathogens detected were Gram-negative bacteria and Gram-positive bacteria. The results of univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences in age, diabetes mellitus, clinical TNM staging, white blood cell count (WBC), T lymphocyte subsets CD4+/CD8+, C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels between the 2 groups (P<0.05). Results of logistic regression analysis showed that age ≥60 years old, diabetes mellitus, clinical TNM staging ≥ stage III, WBC <3.5×109/L, CD4+/CD8+ <1.33, TNF-α ≥70 ng/L and CRP ≥60 mg/L were all independent risk factors of postoperative infection (P<0.05). Both before and after chemotherapy, levels of CD3+, CD3+CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ cells in the infection group were significantly lower than those in the normal group, while levels of CRP, TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly higher than those in the normal group (P<0.05). Conclusions Dynamic monitoring of changes in the levels of T lymphocytes and inflammatory factors during chemotherapy may be of clinical value for predicting the risk of infection. Implementing targeted intervention measures for these risk factors may therefore be beneficial for controlling infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cunliang Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Medical Service, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wei Han
- Quality Control Division, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuanting Gu
- Department of Breast Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Zhu RM, Lin W, Zhang W, Ren JT, Su Y, He JR, Lin Y, Su FX, Xie XM, Tang LY, Ren ZF. Modification effects of genetic polymorphisms in FTO, IL-6, and HSPD1 on the associations of diabetes with breast cancer risk and survival. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0178850. [PMID: 28591216 PMCID: PMC5462388 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The contribution of diabetes to breast cancer remains uncertain among Chinese females, which may result from different genetic factors. We evaluated the associations of diabetes, combined with the polymorphisms in the genes of fat mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and heat shock protein 60 (HSPD1), with breast cancer risk and survival in a Chinese Han population. The information on the history of diabetes was collected from 1551 incident breast cancer cases and 1605 age-frequency matched controls in Guangzhou, China. In total, 1168 cases were followed up. Diabetes was associated with both an increased risk of breast cancer [OR (95%CI): 1.67 (1.11, 2.52)] and a poor overall survival and progression free survival for breast cancer patients [HRs (95%CIs): 2.66 (1.10, 6.44) and 2.46 (1.29, 4.70), respectively]. IL-6 rs1800796 and HSPD1 rs2605039 had interactions with diabetes on breast cancer risk. Among women with CC genotype of IL-6 rs1800796 or GG genotype of HSPD1 rs2605039, diabetic individuals had a remarkably increased risk of breast cancer compared to non-diabetic women with ORs and 95%CIs of 2.53 (1.45, 4.41) and 6.40 (2.29, 17.87), respectively. GT/TT genotypes of HSPD1 rs2605039 was also associated with a better progression free survival for breast cancer patients [HR (95%CI): 0.70 (0.49, 0.99)]. Our results suggest that the contribution of diabetes to breast cancer risk might be modified by IL-6 rs1800796 and HSPD1 rs2605039. Diabetes and HSPD1 rs2605039 might also influence breast cancer prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Mei Zhu
- Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Lin
- Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun-Ting Ren
- Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Su
- Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jian-Rong He
- The Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Lin
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feng-Xi Su
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Xie
- The Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lu-Ying Tang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- * E-mail: (LT); (ZR)
| | - Ze-Fang Ren
- Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- * E-mail: (LT); (ZR)
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Bei CH, Bai H, Yu HP, Yang Y, Liang QQ, Deng YY, Tan SK, Qiu XQ. Combined effects of six cytokine gene polymorphisms and SNP-SNP interactions on hepatocellular carcinoma risk in Southern Guangxi, China. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 15:6961-7. [PMID: 25169554 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.16.6961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytokine gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are involved in the genesis and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We hypothesized that combined effects of cytokine gene SNPs and SNP-SNP interactions are associated with HCC risk. Six SNPs in cytokine genes (IL-2, IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10) were genotyped in a study of 720 Chinese HCC cases and 784 cancer-free controls. Although none of these SNPs individually had a significant effect on the risk of HCC, we found that the combined effects of these six SNPs may contribute to HCC risk (OR=1.821, 95% CI=1.078-3.075). This risk was pronounced among smokers, drinkers, and hepatitis B virus carriers. A SNP-SNP interaction between IL-2-330 and IFN-γ-1615 was associated with an increased HCC risk (OR=1.078, 95% CI=1.022-1.136). In conclusion, combined effects of SNPs and SNP-SNP interactions in cytokine genes may contribute to HCC risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Hua Bei
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China E-mail :
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Association of physical activity and polymorphisms in FGFR2 and DNA methylation related genes with breast cancer risk. Cancer Epidemiol 2014; 38:708-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2014.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2014] [Revised: 08/31/2014] [Accepted: 09/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Correlations of IFN-γ genetic polymorphisms with susceptibility to breast cancer: a meta-analysis. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:6867-77. [PMID: 25051917 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-1856-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the correlations between common genetic polymorphisms in the IFN-γ gene and susceptibility to breast cancer. The following electronic databases were searched without language restrictions: MEDLINE (1966 ~ 2013), the Cochrane Library Database (issue 12, 2013), EMBASE (1980 ~ 2013), CINAHL (1982 ~ 2013), Web of Science (1945 ~ 2013), and the Chinese Biomedical Database (CBM) (1982 ~ 2013). Meta-analysis was performed with the use of the STATA statistical software. Odds ratios (OR) with their 95 % confidence intervals (95 % CIs) were calculated. Nine clinical case-control studies met all the inclusion criteria and were included in this meta-analysis. A total of 1,182 breast cancer patients and 1,525 healthy controls were involved in this meta-analysis. Three functional polymorphisms were assessed, including rs2069705 C>T, rs2430561 T>A, and CA repeats 2/X. Our meta-analysis results indicated that IFN-γ genetic polymorphisms might be significantly associated with an increased risk of breast cancer (allele model: OR = 1.37, 95 % CI = 1.03 ~ 1.83, P = 0.031; dominant model: OR = 1.55, 95 % CI = 1.01 ~ 2.37, P = 0.046; homozygous model: OR = 2.23, 95 % CI = 1.30 ~ 3.82, P = 0.004; respectively), especially the rs2430561 T>A polymorphism. Subgroup analysis based on ethnicity suggested that genetic polymorphisms in the IFN-γ gene were closely correlated with increased breast cancer risk among Asians (allele model: OR = 1.21, 95 % CI = 1.02 ~ 1.58, P = 0.017; dominant model: OR = 3.44, 95 % CI = 2.07 ~ 5.71, P < 0.001; recessive model: OR = 1.58, 95 % CI = 1.06 ~ 2.37, P = 0.025; homozygous model: OR = 1.83, 95 % CI = 1.19 ~ 2.80, P = 0.006; respectively), but not among Caucasians (all P > 0.05). Our meta-analysis supported the hypothesis that IFN-γ genetic polymorphisms may contribute to an increased risk of breast cancer, especially the rs2430561 T>A polymorphism among Asians.
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Wang D, Zhong X, Huang D, Chen R, Bai G, Li Q, Yu B, Fan Y, Sun X. Functional polymorphisms of interferon-gamma affect pneumonia-induced sepsis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e87049. [PMID: 24475220 PMCID: PMC3901723 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0087049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2013] [Accepted: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sepsis is an inflammatory syndrome caused by infection, and both its incidence and mortality are high. Because interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) plays an important role in inflammation, this work assessed IFN-γ single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) that may be associated with sepsis. METHODS A total of 196 patients with pneumonia-induced sepsis and 213 age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers participated in our study from July 2012 to July 2013 in Guangzhou, China. Patient clinical information was collected. Clinical pathology was assessed in subgroups defined based on clinical criteria, APACHE II (acute physiology and chronic health evaluation) and SOFA (sepsis-related organ failure assessment) scores and discharge rate. Four functional SNPs, -1616T/C (rs2069705), -764G/C (rs2069707), +874A/T (rs2430561) and +3234C/T (rs2069718), were genotyped by Snapshot in both sepsis patients and healthy controls. Pearson's chi-square test or Fisher's exact test were used to analyze the distribution of the SNPs, and the probability values (P values), odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. RESULTS No mutations in the IFN-γ -764G/C SNP were detected among the participants in our study. The +874A/T and +3234C/T SNPs were in strong linkage disequilibrium (LD) (r(2) = 0.894). The -1616 TC+TT, +874 AT+AA genotype and the TAC haplotype were significantly associated with sepsis susceptibility, while the CTT haplotype was associated with protection against sepsis incidence. Genotype of -1616 TT wasn't only protective against severity of sepsis, but also against higher APACHE II and SOFA scores as +874 AA and +3234 CC. The TAC haplotype was was protective against progression to severe sepsis either. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that functional IFN-γ SNPs and their haplotypes are associated with pneumonia-induced sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding Wang
- Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Experimental Department of Institute of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuan Zhong
- The department of intensive care unit, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongjian Huang
- The department of intensive care unit, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui Chen
- Reproductive Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guibin Bai
- The department of intensive care unit, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing Li
- Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Experimental Department of Institute of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bolan Yu
- Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Experimental Department of Institute of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong Fan
- Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Experimental Department of Institute of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaofang Sun
- Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Experimental Department of Institute of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Inpatient treatment of community-acquired pneumonias with integrative medicine. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 2013:578274. [PMID: 23762145 PMCID: PMC3674684 DOI: 10.1155/2013/578274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2012] [Revised: 02/07/2013] [Accepted: 03/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Introduction. The aim of the presented observational case series was to evaluate the experience in treating patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) within integrative medicine, particularly anthroposophic medicine in a well-experienced and specialized unit. Patients and Methods. Patients with proven CAP were evaluated (CAP-study group) based on a retrospective chart review. To estimate the severity of pneumonia, the pneumonia severity index (PSI) was applied. Treatment efficacy was evaluated regarding body temperature, CRP level, leukocytes blood count, the need to be treated on ICU, and mortality. Results were compared with the inpatient data of the Pneumonia PORT Validation Cohort. Results. 15/18 patients of the CAP-study group belonged to risk class groups I–III (low and moderate risk), 2 patients to risk class IV, and one patient to risk class V (severe pneumonia). 16/18 patients were treated with anthroposophic medicine only and 2/18 got additionally antibiotic therapy (both of risk class IV). A significant reduction of body temperature, CRP level, and leukocytes blood count has been obtained by applying anthroposophic medicine, while neither complications nor pneumonia-related death occurred. Compared with the control group there was no significant difference in mortality rate, whereby no patient had to be treated on the ICU, but the duration of hospital stay was significantly longer in the presented series. Conclusion. Inpatient treatment of CAP with anthroposophic medicine without the use of antibiotics may achieve reasonable results in selected cases. Additional larger sized prospective controlled trials should further clarify the role of AM in the treatment of CAP.
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Tang LY, Chen LJ, Qi ML, Su Y, Su FX, Lin Y, Wang KP, Jia WH, Zhuang ZX, Ren ZF. Effects of passive smoking on breast cancer risk in pre/post-menopausal women as modified by polymorphisms of PARP1 and ESR1. Gene 2013; 524:84-9. [PMID: 23644255 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2013.04.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2013] [Revised: 04/24/2013] [Accepted: 04/25/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The association between passive smoking and breast cancer risk differs in pre- and post-menopausal women. We aimed to explore the modification effects of PARP1 rs1136410 and ESR1 rs2234693 on the association between passive smoking and breast cancer risk among pre- and post-menopausal women. DESIGN AND METHODS A case-control study of 839 breast cancer cases and 863 controls was conducted. The gene-environment interactions were tested after adjusting for potential breast cancer risk factors with unconditional logistic regression models. RESULTS We found that the effect of passive smoking was modified by the genotypes in both pre- and post-menopausal women, but in opposite directions. The combination of the TC/CC genotypes of ESR1 rs2234693 and passive smoking significantly increased the risk of breast cancer [OR (95%CI): 2.06 (1.39-3.05)] in pre-menopausal women. A significant association was observed between TT genotype and passive smoking [OR (95%CI): 2.40 (1.27-4.53)] in postmenopausal women. For PARP1 rs1136410, similar differential associations were observed, but the interactions were not significant. CONCLUSIONS These results imply that the risk of breast cancer from passive smoking may be influenced by genetic factors, and that the association may differ depending on menopausal status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Ying Tang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
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Cen YL, Qi ML, Li HG, Su Y, Chen LJ, Lin Y, Chen WQ, Xie XM, Tang LY, Ren ZF. Associations of polymorphisms in the genes of FGFR2, FGF1, and RBFOX2 with breast cancer risk by estrogen/progesterone receptor status. Mol Carcinog 2012; 52 Suppl 1:E52-9. [PMID: 23143756 DOI: 10.1002/mc.21979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2012] [Revised: 10/08/2012] [Accepted: 10/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Genetic polymorphisms of fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) have been demonstrated to be associated with breast cancer risk, presumably through elevation of FGFR2 expression. Fibroblast growth factor 1 (FGF1) and RNA binding protein fox-1 homolog 2 (RBFOX2), which are functionally related to FGFR2, may also associate with breast cancer risk. We investigated the associations between breast cancer risk and the polymorphisms of FGFR2 rs2981582, FGF1 rs250108, and RBFOX2 rs2051579 among 839 incident breast cancer cases and 863 age-matched controls in the Guangzhou Breast Cancer Study. Stratified odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by estrogen receptor (ER)/progesterone receptor (PR) status using multivariate logistic regression. FGFR2 rs2981582 was confirmed to be significantly associated with the risk of ER-positive but not ER-negative breast cancer. In contrast, FGF1 rs250108 was significantly associated with the risk of ER-negative breast cancer (OR (95% CI) = 1.68 (1.20-2.35) for CT + TT vs. CC genotype) but not ER-positive breast cancer. CA + AA genotypes at RBFOX2 rs2051579 were associated with a reduced risk of ER-negative (0.71 (0.52-0.97)) but not ER-positive breast cancer compared to the CC genotype. Similar results were observed when differentiating breast cancer cases by PR status. Neither of the pairs between the three SNPs had a significant interaction on breast cancer risk. Our findings show a suggestively stronger association between FGFR2 rs2981582 and ER-positive breast cancer risk and suggest a greater association of FGF1 rs250108 and RBFOX2 rs2051579 with ER-negative compared to ER-positive breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ling Cen
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; The School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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