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Cheng K, Li W, Wu H, Li C. Mapping knowledge structure and themes trends of cancer-associated fibroblasts: a text-mining study. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1302016. [PMID: 38111465 PMCID: PMC10725992 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1302016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) constitute an important component of the tumor microenvironment, participating in various facets of cancer advancement and being recognized as contributors to tumor immune evasion. The role of CAFs in various tumor types has attracted increasing attention recently. In this work, we conducted a comprehensive bibliometric analysis to uncover research trajectories and highlight emerging areas in the field of CAFs. Methods: A systematic search was performed within the Web of Science Core Collection to identify articles/reviews on CAFs published between 2000 and 2023. Leveraging advanced bibliometric tools such as VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and online website, we examined and visualized publication trends, geographic contributions, institutional affiliations, journal prominence, author collaborations, and noteworthy references, keywords, and genes. Results: Our analysis included 5,190 publications, indicating a rapid growth trend in both annual publications and citations related to CAFs. China and the United States emerged as the foremost contributors in terms of publications, funding agencies, and international collaborations. Breast cancer was the most studied tumor, followed by colorectal cancer, pancreatic cancer, prostate cancer, and gastric cancer. Based on co-occurrence and bursting keywords, we identified the following research topics including immune cells (T cells, B-cells, tumor-associated macrophages), tumor immune microenvironment (antitumor immunity, immune infiltration, immunosuppression), immunotherapy (PD-L1), microRNAs (miRNA), extracellular vesicles (exosome), multiple tumors (pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, bladder cancer, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma), antitumor agents (gemcitabine, cisplatin resistance), bioinformatics (pan-cancer), epithelial-mesenchymal transition (stemness), FAPI PET/CT, DNA methylation, etc., may receive sustained attention in the future. Furthermore, TGFB1, IL-6, TNF, TP53, and VEGFA emerged as the top 5 genes that have garnered the greatest research attention in the field of CAFs. The KEGG enrichment analysis highlighted that the top 20 most studied genes were mainly associated with HIF-1 and Toll-like receptor signaling pathways. Discussion: In sum, our bibliometric analysis offers a comprehensive overview of the research landscape in the field of CAFs. It encompasses the current state, evolving patterns, and prospective avenues of exploration, with special attention to the potential advancements in tumor immune microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunming Cheng
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wanqing Li
- Department of Operating Room, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, China
| | - Haiyang Wu
- Department of Clinical College of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Neurorehabilitation, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Cheng Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery (CMSC), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt University of Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
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2
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Liu R, Zhao E, Yu H, Yuan C, Abbas MN, Cui H. Methylation across the central dogma in health and diseases: new therapeutic strategies. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:310. [PMID: 37620312 PMCID: PMC10449936 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01528-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The proper transfer of genetic information from DNA to RNA to protein is essential for cell-fate control, development, and health. Methylation of DNA, RNAs, histones, and non-histone proteins is a reversible post-synthesis modification that finetunes gene expression and function in diverse physiological processes. Aberrant methylation caused by genetic mutations or environmental stimuli promotes various diseases and accelerates aging, necessitating the development of therapies to correct the disease-driver methylation imbalance. In this Review, we summarize the operating system of methylation across the central dogma, which includes writers, erasers, readers, and reader-independent outputs. We then discuss how dysregulation of the system contributes to neurological disorders, cancer, and aging. Current small-molecule compounds that target the modifiers show modest success in certain cancers. The methylome-wide action and lack of specificity lead to undesirable biological effects and cytotoxicity, limiting their therapeutic application, especially for diseases with a monogenic cause or different directions of methylation changes. Emerging tools capable of site-specific methylation manipulation hold great promise to solve this dilemma. With the refinement of delivery vehicles, these new tools are well positioned to advance the basic research and clinical translation of the methylation field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruochen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
- Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing, 401329, China
- Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Chongqing, 400716, China
- Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Erhu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
- Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing, 401329, China
- Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Chongqing, 400716, China
- Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Huijuan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Chaoyu Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Muhammad Nadeem Abbas
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
- Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing, 401329, China
- Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Chongqing, 400716, China
- Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Hongjuan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
- Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing, 401329, China.
- Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Chongqing, 400716, China.
- Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
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3
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Huang H, Xie L, Feng X, Zheng Z, Ouyang J, Li Y, Yu J. An integrated analysis of DNA promoter methylation, microRNA regulation, and gene expression in gastric adenocarcinoma. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:1414. [PMID: 34733966 PMCID: PMC8506766 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-3211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC), a common type of gastric cancer, poses a significant public health threat worldwide. This study aimed to determine the transcriptional regulatory mechanisms of GAC. Methods HTSeq-FPKM raw data were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas Stomach Adenocarcinoma data collection. Subsequently, the limma package in R was used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Differentially methylated genes (DMGs), DEGs, and differentially expressed microRNAs (miRNAs) in normal, and tumor tissues of the same patients were screened and compared using R software tools. A functional enrichment analysis was performed using Gene Ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) for various DEGs, DMGs, promoter methylation, and miRNAs. DEG-specific methylation and transcription factors were analyzed using ENCODE ChIP-seq. Results DEGs were centrally modified by the histone trimethylation of lysine 27 on histone H3 (H3K27me3). Upstream transcription factors of DEGs were enriched in different ChIP-seq clusters, such as Forkhead Box M1, E2F Transcription Factor 4, and suppressor of zest 12. Integrated regulatory networks of DEGs, promoter methylation, and miRNAs were constructed. Two miRNAs (hsa-mir-1 and hsa-mir-133a) and four DEGs (A disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain 12, transcription factor AP-2 alpha, solute carrier family 5 member 7, and cadherin 19) separately played important roles in the integrated regulatory network. Therefore, these DEGs, DMGs, promoter methylation, and miRNAs may play an important role in GAC pathogenesis. Conclusions In summary, the present study results provide insights into the oncogenesis and progression of GAC, thus accelerating the development of novel targeted GAC therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyun Huang
- Department of General Surgery of Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lang Xie
- Department of General Surgery of Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Feng
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zheng Zheng
- Department of General Surgery of Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Juntao Ouyang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Immunology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinlong Yu
- Department of General Surgery of Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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4
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Dos Santos ES, Wagner VP, Cabral Ramos J, Lambert DW, Castilho RM, Paes Leme AF. Epigenetic modulation of the tumor microenvironment in head and neck cancer: Challenges and opportunities. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2021; 164:103397. [PMID: 34146679 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2021.103397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancer is globally challenging due to the resistance to therapy and aggressive behavior leading to high rates of mortality. Recent findings show that the tumor microenvironment plays a role in the maintenance and progression of many solid tumors, including head and neck cancer. The mechanisms involved in the modulation and regulation of the tumor microenvironment remain poorly understood. Increasing evidence suggests that epigenetic events can modulate the crosstalk between neoplastic and non-neoplastic cells during tumor progression. In this review, we explore the current understanding of the involvement of epigenetic events in the modulation of the tumor microenvironment and its impact on head and neck cancer behavior. We also explore the latest therapeutic strategies that use epigenetic-modulating drugs to manage tumor growth and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vivian Petersen Wagner
- The University of Sheffield Faculty of Medicine Dentistry and Health, 152607, Sheffield, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Joab Cabral Ramos
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Daniel W Lambert
- The University of Sheffield Faculty of Medicine Dentistry and Health, 152607, Sheffield, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Rogerio Moraes Castilho
- Laboratory of Epithelial Biology, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, Division of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry. Ann Arbor, 48109-1078, MI, USA; Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 48109, MI, USA
| | - Adriana Franco Paes Leme
- The Brazilian Bioscience National Laboratory, Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, Brazil
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5
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Pan X, Zheng L. Epigenetics in modulating immune functions of stromal and immune cells in the tumor microenvironment. Cell Mol Immunol 2020; 17:940-953. [PMID: 32699350 PMCID: PMC7609272 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-020-0505-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic regulation of gene expression in cancer cells has been extensively studied in recent decades, resulting in the FDA approval of multiple epigenetic agents for treating different cancer types. Recent studies have revealed novel roles of epigenetic dysregulation in altering the phenotypes of immune cells and tumor-associated stromal cells, including fibroblasts and endothelial cells. As a result, epigenetic dysregulation of these cells reshapes the tumor microenvironment (TME), changing it from an antitumor environment to an immunosuppressive environment. Here, we review recent studies demonstrating how specific epigenetic mechanisms drive aspects of stromal and immune cell differentiation with implications for the development of solid tumor therapeutics, focusing on the pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) TME as a representative of solid tumors. Due to their unique ability to reprogram the TME into a more immunopermissive environment, epigenetic agents have great potential for sensitizing cancer immunotherapy to augment the antitumor response, as an immunopermissive TME is a prerequisite for the success of cancer immunotherapy but is often not developed with solid tumors. The idea of combining epigenetic agents with cancer immunotherapy has been tested both in preclinical settings and in multiple clinical trials. In this review, we highlight the basic biological mechanisms underlying the synergy between epigenetic therapy and immunotherapy and discuss current efforts to translate this knowledge into clinical benefits for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyi Pan
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- The Pancreatic Cancer Precision Medicine Center of Excellence Program, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Cellular & Molecular Medicine Graduate Training Program, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lei Zheng
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Department of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- The Pancreatic Cancer Precision Medicine Center of Excellence Program, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Cellular & Molecular Medicine Graduate Training Program, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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6
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Hasanain A, Blanco BA, Yu J, Wolfgang CL. The importance of circulating and disseminated tumor cells in pancreatic cancer. Surg Open Sci 2020; 1:49-55. [PMID: 32754693 PMCID: PMC7391911 DOI: 10.1016/j.sopen.2019.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is a lethal disease in a large part due to the systemic nature at the time of diagnosis. In those patients who undergo a potentially curative resection of pancreatic cancer, the overwhelming majority will have systemic relapse. Circulating tumor cells are an important mediator of the development of metastases. Circulating tumor cells have been identified in patients with clinically localized resectable pancreatic cancer and exist as several phenotypes. Mesenchymal and stem cell-like phenotypes of circulating tumor cells predict early recurrence and worse survival. This review focuses on the current understanding of circulating tumor cells in pancreatic cancer and how this information can be used in developing more effective therapy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Hasanain
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287.,The Johns Hopkins Pancreatic Cancer Precision Medicine Program
| | | | - Jun Yu
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287.,The Johns Hopkins Pancreatic Cancer Precision Medicine Program
| | - Christopher L Wolfgang
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287.,The Johns Hopkins Pancreatic Cancer Precision Medicine Program
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7
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Elechalawar CK, Hossen MN, Shankarappa P, Peer CJ, Figg WD, Robertson JD, Bhattacharya R, Mukherjee P. Targeting Pancreatic Cancer Cells and Stellate Cells Using Designer Nanotherapeutics in vitro. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:991-1003. [PMID: 32103952 PMCID: PMC7025663 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s234112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE Pancreatic cancer (PC) is characterized by a robust desmoplastic environment, which limits the uptake of the standard first-line chemotherapeutic drug gemcitabine. Enhancing gemcitabine delivery to the complex tumor microenvironment (TME) is a major clinical challenge. Molecular crosstalk between pancreatic cancer cells (PCCs) and pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) plays a critical role in desmoplastic reaction in PCs. Herein, we report the development of a targeted drug delivery system to inhibit the proliferation of PCCs and PSCs in vitro. Using gold nanoparticles as the delivery vehicle, the anti-EGFR antibody cetuximab (C225/C) as a targeting agent, gemcitabine as drug and polyethylene glycol (PEG) as a stealth molecule, we created a series of targeted drug delivery systems. METHODS Fabricated nanoconjugates were characterized by various physicochemical techniques such as UV-Visible spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, HPLC and instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA). RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Targeted gemcitabine delivery systems containing mPEG-SH having molecular weights of 550 Da or 1000 Da demonstrated superior efficacy in reducing the viability of both PCCs and PSCs as compared to their non-targeted counterparts. EGFR-targeted pathway was further validated by pre-treating cells with C225 followed by determining cellular viability. Taken together, in our current study we have developed a PEGylated targeted nanoconjugate ACG44P1000 that showed enhanced selectivity towards pancreatic cancer cells and pancreatic stellate cells, among others, for gemcitabine delivery. We will investigate the ability of these optimized conjugates to inhibit desmoplasia and tumor growth in vivo in our future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandra Kumar Elechalawar
- Department of Pathology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK73104, USA
| | - Md Nazir Hossen
- Department of Pathology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK73104, USA
| | - Priya Shankarappa
- Clinical Pharmacology Program, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD20892, USA
| | - Cody J Peer
- Clinical Pharmacology Program, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD20892, USA
| | - William D Figg
- Clinical Pharmacology Program, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD20892, USA
| | - J David Robertson
- Department of Chemistry and University of Missouri Research Reactor, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO65211, USA
| | - Resham Bhattacharya
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK73104, USA
| | - Priyabrata Mukherjee
- Department of Pathology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK73104, USA
- Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK73104, USA
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8
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Mishra R, Haldar S, Suchanti S, Bhowmick NA. Epigenetic changes in fibroblasts drive cancer metabolism and differentiation. Endocr Relat Cancer 2019; 26:R673-R688. [PMID: 31627186 PMCID: PMC6859444 DOI: 10.1530/erc-19-0347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Genomic changes that drive cancer initiation and progression contribute to the co-evolution of the adjacent stroma. The nature of the stromal reprogramming involves differential DNA methylation patterns and levels that change in response to the tumor and systemic therapeutic intervention. Epigenetic reprogramming in carcinoma-associated fibroblasts are robust biomarkers for cancer progression and have a transcriptional impact that support cancer epithelial progression in a paracrine manner. For prostate cancer, promoter hypermethylation and silencing of the RasGAP, RASAL3 that resulted in the activation of Ras signaling in carcinoma-associated fibroblasts. Stromal Ras activity initiated a process of macropinocytosis that provided prostate cancer epithelia with abundant glutamine for metabolic conversion to fuel its proliferation and a signal to transdifferentiate into a neuroendocrine phenotype. This epigenetic oncogenic metabolic/signaling axis seemed to be further potentiated by androgen receptor signaling antagonists and contributed to therapeutic resistance. Intervention of stromal signaling may complement conventional therapies targeting the cancer cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajeev Mishra
- Department of Biosciences, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Subhash Haldar
- Department of Biotechnology, Brainware University, Kolkata, India
| | - Surabhi Suchanti
- Department of Biosciences, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Neil A Bhowmick
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Research, Greater Los Angeles Veterans Administration, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Correspondence should be addressed to N A Bhowmick:
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9
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Martinez VG, Munera-Maravilla E, Bernardini A, Rubio C, Suarez-Cabrera C, Segovia C, Lodewijk I, Dueñas M, Martínez-Fernández M, Paramio JM. Epigenetics of Bladder Cancer: Where Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets Meet. Front Genet 2019; 10:1125. [PMID: 31850055 PMCID: PMC6902278 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.01125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is the most common neoplasia of the urothelial tract. Due to its high incidence, prevalence, recurrence and mortality, it remains an unsolved clinical and social problem. The treatment of BC is challenging and, although immunotherapies have revealed potential benefit in a percentage of patients, it remains mostly an incurable disease at its advanced state. Epigenetic alterations, including aberrant DNA methylation, altered chromatin remodeling and deregulated expression of non-coding RNAs are common events in BC and can be driver events in BC pathogenesis. Accordingly, these epigenetic alterations are now being used as potential biomarkers for these disorders and are being envisioned as potential therapeutic targets for the future management of BC. In this review, we summarize the recent findings in these emerging and exciting new aspects paving the way for future clinical treatment of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor G. Martinez
- Biomedical Research Institute I + 12, University Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- Molecular Oncology Unit, CIEMAT (Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ester Munera-Maravilla
- Biomedical Research Institute I + 12, University Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- Molecular Oncology Unit, CIEMAT (Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandra Bernardini
- Biomedical Research Institute I + 12, University Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- Molecular Oncology Unit, CIEMAT (Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carolina Rubio
- Biomedical Research Institute I + 12, University Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- Molecular Oncology Unit, CIEMAT (Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristian Suarez-Cabrera
- Biomedical Research Institute I + 12, University Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- Molecular Oncology Unit, CIEMAT (Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas), Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Segovia
- Biomedical Research Institute I + 12, University Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- Molecular Oncology Unit, CIEMAT (Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas), Madrid, Spain
| | - Iris Lodewijk
- Biomedical Research Institute I + 12, University Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- Molecular Oncology Unit, CIEMAT (Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Dueñas
- Biomedical Research Institute I + 12, University Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- Molecular Oncology Unit, CIEMAT (Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mónica Martínez-Fernández
- Genomes & Disease Lab, CiMUS (Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Jesus Maria Paramio
- Biomedical Research Institute I + 12, University Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- Molecular Oncology Unit, CIEMAT (Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
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10
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Bhagat TD, Von Ahrens D, Dawlaty M, Zou Y, Baddour J, Achreja A, Zhao H, Yang L, Patel B, Kwak C, Choudhary GS, Gordon-Mitchell S, Aluri S, Bhattacharyya S, Sahu S, Bhagat P, Yu Y, Bartenstein M, Giricz O, Suzuki M, Sohal D, Gupta S, Guerrero PA, Batra S, Goggins M, Steidl U, Greally J, Agarwal B, Pradhan K, Banerjee D, Nagrath D, Maitra A, Verma A. Lactate-mediated epigenetic reprogramming regulates formation of human pancreatic cancer-associated fibroblasts. eLife 2019; 8:e50663. [PMID: 31663852 PMCID: PMC6874475 DOI: 10.7554/elife.50663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Even though pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is associated with fibrotic stroma, the molecular pathways regulating the formation of cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are not well elucidated. An epigenomic analysis of patient-derived and de-novo generated CAFs demonstrated widespread loss of cytosine methylation that was associated with overexpression of various inflammatory transcripts including CXCR4. Co-culture of neoplastic cells with CAFs led to increased invasiveness that was abrogated by inhibition of CXCR4. Metabolite tracing revealed that lactate produced by neoplastic cells leads to increased production of alpha-ketoglutarate (aKG) within mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). In turn, aKG mediated activation of the demethylase TET enzyme led to decreased cytosine methylation and increased hydroxymethylation during de novo differentiation of MSCs to CAF. Co-injection of neoplastic cells with TET-deficient MSCs inhibited tumor growth in vivo. Thus, in PDAC, a tumor-mediated lactate flux is associated with widespread epigenomic reprogramming that is seen during CAF formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tushar D Bhagat
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - Dagny Von Ahrens
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - Meelad Dawlaty
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - Yiyu Zou
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - Joelle Baddour
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborUnited States
| | - Abhinav Achreja
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborUnited States
| | - Hongyun Zhao
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborUnited States
| | - Lifeng Yang
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborUnited States
| | | | - Changsoo Kwak
- Department of Pathology, Sheikh Ahmed Pancreatic Cancer Research CenterUT MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonUnited States
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, Sheikh Ahmed Pancreatic Cancer Research CenterUT MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonUnited States
| | - Gaurav S Choudhary
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | | | - Srinivas Aluri
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | | | - Srabani Sahu
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - Prafulla Bhagat
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - Yiting Yu
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - Matthias Bartenstein
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - Orsi Giricz
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - Masako Suzuki
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - Davendra Sohal
- Department of MedicineCleveland ClinicClevelandUnited States
| | - Sonal Gupta
- Department of Pathology, Sheikh Ahmed Pancreatic Cancer Research CenterUT MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonUnited States
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, Sheikh Ahmed Pancreatic Cancer Research CenterUT MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonUnited States
| | - Paola A Guerrero
- Department of Pathology, Sheikh Ahmed Pancreatic Cancer Research CenterUT MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonUnited States
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, Sheikh Ahmed Pancreatic Cancer Research CenterUT MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonUnited States
| | | | | | - Ulrich Steidl
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - John Greally
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | | | - Kith Pradhan
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | | | - Deepak Nagrath
- Biointerfaces InstituteUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborUnited States
| | - Anirban Maitra
- Department of Pathology, Sheikh Ahmed Pancreatic Cancer Research CenterUT MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonUnited States
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, Sheikh Ahmed Pancreatic Cancer Research CenterUT MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonUnited States
| | - Amit Verma
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
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11
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Stromal-derived interleukin 6 drives epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and therapy resistance in esophageal adenocarcinoma. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:2237-2242. [PMID: 30670657 PMCID: PMC6369811 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1820459116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) has a dismal prognosis, and survival benefits of recent multimodality treatments remain small. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are known to contribute to poor outcome by conferring therapy resistance to various cancer types, but this has not been explored in EAC. Importantly, a targeted strategy to circumvent CAF-induced resistance has yet to be identified. By using EAC patient-derived CAFs, organoid cultures, and xenograft models we identified IL-6 as the stromal driver of therapy resistance in EAC. IL-6 activated epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in cancer cells, which was accompanied by enhanced treatment resistance, migratory capacity, and clonogenicity. Inhibition of IL-6 restored drug sensitivity in patient-derived organoid cultures and cell lines. Analysis of patient gene expression profiles identified ADAM12 as a noninflammation-related serum-borne marker for IL-6-producing CAFs, and serum levels of this marker predicted unfavorable responses to neoadjuvant chemoradiation in EAC patients. These results demonstrate a stromal contribution to therapy resistance in EAC. This signaling can be targeted to resensitize EAC to therapy, and its activity can be measured using serum-borne markers.
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12
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ADAM12 is a circulating marker for stromal activation in pancreatic cancer and predicts response to chemotherapy. Oncogenesis 2018; 7:87. [PMID: 30442938 PMCID: PMC6237826 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-018-0096-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is characterized by abundant stroma that harbors tumor-promoting properties. No good biomarkers exist to monitor the effect of stromal targeting therapies or to predict response. We set out to identify such non-invasive markers for PDAC stroma and predict response to therapy. Gene expression datasets, co-culture experiments, xenografts, and patient samples were analyzed. Serum samples were measured from a cohort of 58 resected patients, and 87 metastatic or locally advanced PDAC patients. Baseline and follow-up levels were assessed in 372 additional metastatic PDAC patients who received nab-paclitaxel with gemcitabine (n = 184) or gemcitabine monotherapy (n = 188) in the phase III MPACT trial. Increased levels of ADAM12 were found in PDAC patients compared to healthy controls (p < 0.0001, n = 157 and n = 38). High levels of ADAM12 significantly associated with poor outcome in resected PDAC (HR 2.07, p = 0.04). In the MPACT trial survival was significantly longer for patients who received nab-paclitaxel and had undetectable ADAM12 levels before treatment (OS 12.3 m vs 7.9 m p = 0.0046). Consistently undetectable or decreased ADAM12 levels during treatment significantly associated with longer survival as well (OS 14.4 m and 11.2 m, respectively vs 8.3, p = 0.0054). We conclude that ADAM12 is a blood-borne proxy for stromal activation, the levels of which have prognostic significance and correlate with treatment benefit.
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13
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Zhang MW, Fujiwara K, Che X, Zheng S, Zheng L. DNA methylation in the tumor microenvironment. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2018; 18:365-372. [PMID: 28471108 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b1600579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays an important role in supporting cancer progression. The TME is composed of tumor cells, the surrounding tumor-associated stromal cells, and the extracellular matrix (ECM). Crosstalk between the TME components contributes to tumorigenesis. Recently, one of our studies showed that pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells can induce DNA methylation in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), thereby modifying tumor-stromal interactions in the TME, and subsequently creating a TME that supports tumor growth. Here we summarize recent studies about how DNA methylation affects tumorigenesis through regulating tumor-associated stromal components including fibroblasts and immune cells. We also discuss the potential for targeting DNA methylation for the treatment of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Wen Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China.,The Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Hangzhou 310009, China.,Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore 21231, USA.,The Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore 21231, USA
| | - Kenji Fujiwara
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore 21231, USA.,The Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore 21231, USA
| | - Xu Che
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore 21231, USA.,The Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore 21231, USA
| | - Shu Zheng
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China.,The Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Lei Zheng
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore 21231, USA.,The Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore 21231, USA
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14
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Marks DL, Olson RL, Fernandez-Zapico ME. Epigenetic control of the tumor microenvironment. Epigenomics 2016; 8:1671-1687. [PMID: 27700179 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2016-0110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Stromal cells of the tumor microenvironment have been shown to play important roles in both supporting and limiting cancer growth. The altered phenotype of tumor-associated stromal cells (fibroblasts, immune cells, endothelial cells etc.) is proposed to be mainly due to epigenetic dysregulation of gene expression; however, only limited studies have probed the roles of epigenetic mechanisms in the regulation of stromal cell function. We review recent studies demonstrating how specific epigenetic mechanisms (DNA methylation and histone post-translational modification-based gene expression regulation, and miRNA-mediated translational regulation) drive aspects of stromal cell phenotype, and discuss the implications of these findings for treatment of malignancies. We also summarize the effects of epigenetic mechanism-targeted drugs on stromal cells and discuss the consideration of the microenvironment response in attempts to use these drugs for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- David L Marks
- Schulze Center for Novel Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Rachel Lo Olson
- Schulze Center for Novel Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.,University of Minnesota Rochester, Rochester, MN 55904, USA
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15
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Mezawa Y, Orimo A. The roles of tumor- and metastasis-promoting carcinoma-associated fibroblasts in human carcinomas. Cell Tissue Res 2016; 365:675-89. [PMID: 27506216 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-016-2471-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Carcinoma-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) constitute a substantial proportion of the non-neoplastic mesenchymal cell compartment in various human tumors. These fibroblasts are phenotypically converted from their progenitors via interactions with nearby cancer cells during the course of tumor progression. The resulting CAFs, in turn, support the growth and progression of carcinoma cells. These fibroblasts have a major influence on the hallmarks of carcinoma and promote tumor malignancy through the secretion of tumor-promoting growth factors, cytokines and exosomes, as well as through the remodeling of the extracellular matrix. Coevolution of CAFs and carcinoma cells during tumorigenesis is therefore essential for progression into fully malignant tumors. Recent studies have revealed the molecular mechanisms underlying CAF functions, especially in tumor invasion, metastasis and drug resistance and have highlighted the significant heterogeneity among these cells. In this review, we summarize the impacts of recently identified roles of tumor-promoting CAFs and discuss the therapeutic implications of targeting the heterotypic interactions of these fibroblasts with carcinoma cells. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Mezawa
- Department of Pathology and Oncology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8412, Japan
| | - Akira Orimo
- Department of Pathology and Oncology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8412, Japan.
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16
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Xiao Q, Zhou D, Rucki AA, Williams J, Zhou J, Mo G, Murphy A, Fujiwara K, Kleponis J, Salman B, Wolfgang CL, Anders RA, Zheng S, Jaffee EM, Zheng L. Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts in Pancreatic Cancer Are Reprogrammed by Tumor-Induced Alterations in Genomic DNA Methylation. Cancer Res 2016; 76:5395-404. [PMID: 27496707 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-15-3264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Stromal fibrosis is a prominent histologic characteristic of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), but how stromal fibroblasts are regulated in the tumor microenvironment (TME) to support tumor growth is largely unknown. Here we show that PDAC cells can induce DNA methylation in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF). Upon direct contact with PDAC cells, DNA methylation of SOCS1 and other genes is induced in mesenchymal stem cells or in CAF that lack SOCS1 methylation at baseline. Silencing or decitabine treatment to block the DNA methylation enzyme DNMT1 inhibited methylation of SOCS1. In contrast, SOCS1 gene methylation and downregulation in CAF activated STAT3 and induced insulin-like growth factor-1 expression to support PDAC cell growth. Moreover, CAF facilitated methylation-dependent growth of PDAC tumor xenografts in mice. The ability of patient-derived CAF with SOCS1 methylation to promote PDAC growth was more robust than CAF without SOCS1 methylation. Overall, our results reveal how PDAC cells can reprogram CAF to modify tumor-stromal interactions in the TME, which promote malignant growth and progression. Cancer Res; 76(18); 5395-404. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Xiao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of the Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China. Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China. Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland. The Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Donger Zhou
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of the Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China. Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China. Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland. The Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Agnieszka A Rucki
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland. The Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jamila Williams
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland. The Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jiaojiao Zhou
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of the Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China. Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China. Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland. The Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Guanglan Mo
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland. The Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland. The Skip Viragh Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research and Clinical Care, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Adrian Murphy
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland. The Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Kenji Fujiwara
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland. The Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jennifer Kleponis
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland. The Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Bulent Salman
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland. The Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland. Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Christopher L Wolfgang
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland. The Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland. Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Robert A Anders
- The Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland. Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland. The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Shu Zheng
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Elizabeth M Jaffee
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland. The Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland. The Skip Viragh Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research and Clinical Care, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Lei Zheng
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland. The Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland. The Skip Viragh Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research and Clinical Care, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland. Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland. The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
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17
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Bhaw-Luximon A, Jhurry D. New avenues for improving pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) treatment: Selective stroma depletion combined with nano drug delivery. Cancer Lett 2015; 369:266-73. [PMID: 26415628 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Revised: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The effectiveness of chemotherapy in PDAC is hampered by the dynamic interaction between stroma and cancer cell. The two opposing schools of thought - non-depletion of the stroma vs its depletion - to better drug efficacy are here discussed. Disrupting stroma-cancer cell interaction to reduce tumor progression and promote apoptosis is identified as the new direction of treatment for PDAC. Clinical data have shown that elimination of fibrosis and blockade of the Hedgehog pathway in stroma effectively promote drug delivery to tumor site and apoptosis. Reduced stiffness of ECM, lower fibrosis, higher permeability and higher blood flow after stroma depletion increase drug delivery. Combination strategies involving selective stroma depletion coupled with chemotherapy is currently proving to be the most efficient at clinical level. Striking the right balance between fibrosis depletion and angiogenesis promotion resulting in enhanced drug delivery and apoptosis is a major challenge. The use of nano drug delivery devices coupled with stroma depletion is emerging as the next phase treatment for PDAC. The breakthrough to combat PDAC will likely be a combination of early diagnosis and the emerging chemotherapy strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archana Bhaw-Luximon
- ANDI Centre of Excellence for Biomedical and Biomaterials Research (CBBR), University of Mauritius, MSIRI Building, Réduit, Mauritius
| | - Dhanjay Jhurry
- ANDI Centre of Excellence for Biomedical and Biomaterials Research (CBBR), University of Mauritius, MSIRI Building, Réduit, Mauritius.
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18
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Gayet O, Loncle C, Duconseil P, Gilabert M, Lopez MB, Moutardier V, Turrini O, Calvo E, Ewald J, Giovannini M, Gasmi M, Bories E, Barthet M, Ouaissi M, Goncalves A, Poizat F, Raoul JL, Secq V, Garcia S, Viens P, Dusetti N, Iovanna J. A subgroup of pancreatic adenocarcinoma is sensitive to the 5-aza-dC DNA methyltransferase inhibitor. Oncotarget 2015; 6:746-54. [PMID: 25481873 PMCID: PMC4359252 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 11/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a disease with a great heterogeneity in the response to treatments. To improve the responsiveness to treatments there are two different approaches, the first one consist to develop new and more efficient drugs that intent to cure all patients and the second one is to use already-approved drugs, alone or in combination, but selecting beforehand the most sensitive patients. In this work we explored the efficiency of the second possibility. We developed a collection of 17 PDAC samples collected by Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine-Needle Aspiration (EUS-FNA) or surgery and preserved as xenografts and as primary cultures. This collection was characterized at molecular level by a transcriptomic analysis using an Affymetrix approach. In this paper we present data demonstrating that a subgroup of PDAC responds to low doses of 5-aza-dC. These tumors show a specific RNA expression profile that could serve as a marker, but there is no correlation with Dnmt1, Dnmt3A or Dnmt3B expression. Responder tumors corresponded to well-differentiated samples and longer survival patients. In conclusion, we present data obtained with the well-known drug 5-aza-dC as a proof of concept that a drug that seems to be inefficient in solid tumors in general could be applicable to a particular subgroup of patients with PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Odile Gayet
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Celine Loncle
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Pauline Duconseil
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Marine Gilabert
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Maria Belen Lopez
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Vincent Moutardier
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, Marseille, France
- Hôpital Nord, Marseille, France
| | - Olivier Turrini
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, Marseille, France
- Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - Ezequiel Calvo
- Centre Génomique du Centre de recherche du CHUL Research Center, Quebec, Canada
| | | | | | - Mohamed Gasmi
- Hôpital Nord, Département de Gastroentérologie, Marseille, France
| | | | - Marc Barthet
- Hôpital Nord, Département de Gastroentérologie, Marseille, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Veronique Secq
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, Marseille, France
- Hôpital Nord, Marseille, France
| | - Stephane Garcia
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, Marseille, France
- Hôpital Nord, Marseille, France
| | | | - Nelson Dusetti
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Juan Iovanna
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, Marseille, France
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19
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Mao Y, Keller ET, Garfield DH, Shen K, Wang J. Stromal cells in tumor microenvironment and breast cancer. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2013; 32:303-15. [PMID: 23114846 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-012-9415-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 497] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is a systemic disease encompassing multiple components of both tumor cells themselves and host stromal cells. It is now clear that stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment play an important role in cancer development. Molecular events through which reactive stromal cells affect cancer cells can be defined so that biomarkers and therapeutic targets can be identified. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) make up the bulk of cancer stroma and affect the tumor microenvironment such that they promote cancer initiation, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis. In breast cancer, CAFs not only promote tumor progression but also induce therapeutic resistance. Accordingly, targeting CAFs provides a novel way to control tumors with therapeutic resistance. This review summarizes the current understandings of tumor stroma in breast cancer with a particular emphasis on the role of CAFs and the therapeutic implications of CAFs. In addition, the effects of other stromal components such as endothelial cells, macrophages, and adipocytes in breast cancer are also discussed. Finally, we describe the biologic markers to categorize patients into a specific and confirmed subtype for personalized treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Mao
- Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, Comprehensive Breast Health Center, Shanghai, China
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20
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Toren P, Mora BC, Venkateswaran V. Diet, obesity, and cancer progression: are adipocytes the link? Lipid Insights 2013; 6:37-45. [PMID: 25278767 PMCID: PMC4147777 DOI: 10.4137/lpi.s10871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity has been linked to more aggressive characteristics of several cancers, including breast and prostate cancer. Adipose tissue appears to contribute to paracrine interactions in the tumor microenvironment. In particular, cancer-associated adipocytes interact reciprocally with cancer cells and influence cancer progression. Adipokines secreted from adipocytes likely form a key component of the paracrine signaling in the tumor microenvironment. In vitro coculture models allow for the assessment of specific adipokines in this interaction. Furthermore, micronutrients and macronutrients present in the diet may alter the secretion of adipokines from adipocytes. The effect of dietary fat and specific fatty acids on cancer progression in several in vivo model systems and cancer types is reviewed. The more common approaches of caloric restriction or diet-induced obesity in animal models establish that such dietary changes modulate tumor biology. This review seeks to explore available evidence regarding how diet may modulate tumor characteristics through changes in the role of adipocytes in the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Toren
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Benjamin C Mora
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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21
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Polanska UM, Orimo A. Carcinoma-associated fibroblasts: non-neoplastic tumour-promoting mesenchymal cells. J Cell Physiol 2013; 228:1651-7. [PMID: 23460038 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2013] [Accepted: 02/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cancerous stroma coevolves alongside tumour progression, thereby promoting the malignant conversion of epithelial carcinoma cells. To date, an abundance of data have supported crucial roles of the tumour microenvironment (TME) in providing cancer cells with proliferative, migratory, survival and invasive propensities favouring the processes of tumourigenesis. The cancerous reactive stroma is frequently populated by a large number of myofibroblasts (MFs), which are activated, non-transformed fibroblasts expressing α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). MFs together with non-MF cells present in the tumour-associated stroma are collectively referred to as carcinoma-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), one of the major stromal cell types recognised in various human carcinomas. Recruitment of fibroblasts and/or their progenitors to a tumour mass and their subsequent transdifferentiation into MFs, as well as ongoing maintenance of their activated state, are believed to be essential processes facilitating tumour progression. However, the complex networks of signalling pathways mediating the phenotypic conversion into CAFs, as well as those underlying their tumour-promoting interactions with other tumour-constituting cells, have yet to be fully explored. Histopathological confirmation of the presence of large numbers of CAF MFs within TME and their altered gene expression profiles are known to be associated with disease progression and to serve as independent negative prognostic factors for a wide range of tumour types. In this review, we examine the current evidence shedding light on the emerging roles of tumour-promoting CAFs, cells that are pivotal for epithelial cancer development and progression, and discuss the therapeutic potential of targeting these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urszula M Polanska
- CR-UK Stromal-Tumour Interaction Group, Paterson Institute for Cancer Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
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22
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Abstract
Cancer is a systemic disease encompassing multiple components of both tumor cells themselves and host stromal cells. It is now clear that stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment play an important role in cancer development. Molecular events through which reactive stromal cells affect cancer cells can be defined so that biomarkers and therapeutic targets can be identified. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) make up the bulk of cancer stroma and affect the tumor microenvironment such that they promote cancer initiation, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis. In breast cancer, CAFs not only promote tumor progression but also induce therapeutic resistance. Accordingly, targeting CAFs provides a novel way to control tumors with therapeutic resistance. This review summarizes the current understandings of tumor stroma in breast cancer with a particular emphasis on the role of CAFs and the therapeutic implications of CAFs. In addition, the effects of other stromal components such as endothelial cells, macrophages, and adipocytes in breast cancer are also discussed. Finally, we describe the biologic markers to categorize patients into a specific and confirmed subtype for personalized treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Mao
- Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, Comprehensive Breast Health Center, Shanghai, China
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