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Kundu G, Ghasemi M, Yim S, Rohil A, Xin C, Ren L, Srivastava S, Akinfolarin A, Kumar S, Srivastava GP, Sabbisetti VS, Murugaiyan G, Ajay AK. STAT3 Protein-Protein Interaction Analysis Finds P300 as a Regulator of STAT3 and Histone 3 Lysine 27 Acetylation in Pericytes. Biomedicines 2024; 12:2102. [PMID: 39335615 PMCID: PMC11428717 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12092102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2024] [Revised: 09/10/2024] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a member of the cytoplasmic inducible transcription factors and plays an important role in mediating signals from cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors. We and others have found that STAT3 directly regulates pro-fibrotic signaling in the kidney. The STAT3 protein-protein interaction plays an important role in activating its transcriptional activity. It is necessary to identify these interactions to investigate their function in kidney disease. Here, we investigated the protein-protein interaction among three species to find crucial interactions that can be targeted to alleviate kidney disease. METHOD In this study, we examined common protein-protein interactions leading to the activation or downregulation of STAT3 among three different species: humans (Homo sapiens), mice (Mus musculus), and rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). Further, we chose to investigate the P300 and STAT3 interaction and performed studies of the activation of STAT3 using IL-6 and inhibition of the P300 by its specific inhibitor A-485 in pericytes. Next, we performed immunoprecipitation to confirm whether A-485 inhibits the binding of P300 to STAT3. RESULTS Using the STRING application from ExPASy, we found that six proteins, including PIAS3, JAK1, JAK2, EGFR, SRC, and EP300, showed highly confident interactions with STAT3 in humans, mice, and rabbits. We also found that IL-6 treatment increased the acetylation of STAT3 and increased histone 3 lysine acetylation (H3K27ac). Furthermore, we found that the disruption of STAT3 and P300 interaction by the P300 inhibitor A-485 decreased STAT3 acetylation and H3K27ac. Finally, we confirmed that the P300 inhibitor A-485 inhibited the binding of STAT3 with P300, which inhibited its transcriptional activity by reducing the expression of Ccnd1 (Cyclin D1). CONCLUSIONS Targeting the P300 protein interaction with STAT3 may alleviate STAT3-mediated fibrotic signaling in humans and other species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gautam Kundu
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- US Military HIV Research Program (MHRP), Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
| | - Maryam Ghasemi
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Seungbin Yim
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ayanna Rohil
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Cuiyan Xin
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Leo Ren
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | - Akinwande Akinfolarin
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Subodh Kumar
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Gyan P. Srivastava
- Department of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Venkata S. Sabbisetti
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Gopal Murugaiyan
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Amrendra K. Ajay
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Center for Polycystic Kidney Disease, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Wang S, Wang J, Liu C, Yang L, Tan X, Chen S, Xue Y, Ji H, Ge G, Chen J. Neoplastic ICAM-1 protects lung carcinoma from apoptosis through ligation of fibrinogen. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:605. [PMID: 39168965 PMCID: PMC11339363 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06989-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) is frequently overexpressed in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and associated with poor prognosis. However, the mechanism underlying the negative effects of neoplastic ICAM-1 remains obscure. Herein, we demonstrate that the survival of NSCLC cells but not normal human bronchial epithelial cells requires an anti-apoptosis signal triggered by fibrinogen γ chain (FGG)-ICAM-1 interaction. ICAM-1-FGG ligation preserves the tyrosine phosphorylation of ICAM-1 cytoplasmic domain and its association with SHP-2, and subsequently promotes Akt and ERK1/2 activation but suppresses JNK and p38 activation. Abolishing ICAM-1-FGG interaction induces NSCLC cell death by activating caspase-9/3 and significantly inhibits tumor development in a mouse xenograft model. Finally, we developed a monoclonal antibody against ICAM-1-FGG binding motif, which blocks ICAM-1‒FGG interaction and effectively suppresses NSCLC cell survival in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. Thus, suppressing ICAM-1-FGG axis provides a potential strategy for NSCLC targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- ShiHui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Multi-Cell Systems, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - JunLei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Multi-Cell Systems, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Cui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Multi-Cell Systems, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Multi-Cell Systems, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - XuanQian Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Multi-Cell Systems, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - ShiYang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yun Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Multi-Cell Systems, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - HongBin Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Multi-Cell Systems, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - GaoXiang Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Multi-Cell Systems, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
| | - JianFeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Multi-Cell Systems, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China.
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Zhang D, Liu S, Jiang H, Liu S, Kong F. DIA proteomics analysis reveals the mechanism of folic acid-induced acute kidney injury and the effects of icariin. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 390:110878. [PMID: 38272249 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2024.110878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
The complexities of acute kidney injury (AKI), a multifaceted pathological occurrence, are not fully understood. At present, there is a lack of effective pharmaceutical treatments in clinical practice. Studies have shown that icariin has beneficial effects in models of acute kidney injury (AKI) caused by cisplatin and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The aim is to explore the mechanisms that cause folic acid (FA)-induced AKI and examine the protective effects of icariin against this condition. To establish a mouse model of AKI, FA was administered via intraperitoneal injection. Icariin was used as the drug intervention. The model and the impact of drug intervention were assessed using measurements of renal function parameters, staining with hematoxylin and eosin, and Q-PCR. The analysis of protein expression changes in the control, model, and icariin treatment groups was conducted using proteomics. KEGG signaling pathway analysis indicates that differential expressed proteins are enriched in the component and coagulation cascades signaling pathway. Through protein-protein interaction network analysis, it was found that compared to the normal group, the expression of Fibrinogen and other proteins was significantly upregulated at the center of the protein interaction network in the model group. After drug treatment, the expression of these proteins was significantly downregulated. The validation experiment supports the above results. In conclusion, this study clarified the molecular mechanism of FA induced acute renal injury from the proteomics level, and provided target selection for AKI; At the same time, the mechanism of icariin in the treatment of AKI was analyzed from the proteomics level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denglu Zhang
- Central Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China; Shandong Key Laboratory of Dominant Diseases of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.
| | - Shuai Liu
- Central Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China; Shandong Key Laboratory of Dominant Diseases of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Huihui Jiang
- Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Shuangde Liu
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Multidisciplinary Innovation Center for Nephrology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
| | - Feng Kong
- Department of Central Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China; Engineering Laboratory of Urinary Organ and Functional Reconstruction of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.
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Ajay AK, Gasser M, Hsiao LL, Böldicke T, Waaga-Gasser AM. TLR2 and TLR9 Blockade Using Specific Intrabodies Inhibits Inflammation-Mediated Pancreatic Cancer Cell Growth. Antibodies (Basel) 2024; 13:11. [PMID: 38390872 PMCID: PMC10885114 DOI: 10.3390/antib13010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, PDAC) remains a deadly cancer worldwide with a need for new therapeutic approaches. A dysregulation in the equilibrium between pro- and anti-inflammatory responses with a predominant immunosuppressive inflammatory reaction in advanced stage tumors seem to contribute to tumor growth and metastasis. The current therapies do not include strategies against pro-tumorigenic inflammation in cancer patients. We have shown that the upregulated cell surface expression of Toll-like Receptor (TLR) 2 and of TLR9 inside PDAC cells maintain chronic inflammatory responses, support chemotherapeutic resistance, and mediate tumor progression in human pancreatic cancer. We further demonstrated intracellular TLR2 and TLR9 targeting using specific intrabodies, which resulted in downregulated inflammatory signaling. In this study, we tested, for the first time, an intrabody-mediated TLR blockade in human TLR2- and TLR9-expressing pancreatic cancer cells for its effects on inflammatory signaling-mediated tumor growth. Newly designed anti-TLR2- and anti-TLR9-specific intrabodies inhibited PDAC growth. Co-expression analysis of the intrabodies and corresponding human TLRs showed efficient retention and accumulation of both intrabodies within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), while co-immunoprecipitation studies indicated both intrabodies interacting with their cognate TLR antigen within the pancreatic cancer cells. Cancer cells with attenuated proliferation expressing accumulated TLR2 and TRL9 intrabodies demonstrated reduced STAT3 phosphorylation signaling, while apoptotic markers Caspases 3 and 8 were upregulated. To conclude, our results demonstrate the TLR2 and TLR9-specific intrabody-mediated signaling pathway inhibition of autoregulatory inflammation inside cancer cells and their proliferation, resulting in the suppression of pancreatic tumor cell growth. These findings underscore the potential of specific intrabody-mediated TLR inhibition in the ER relevant for tumor growth inhibition and open up a new therapeutic intervention strategy for the treatment of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrendra K Ajay
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Martin Gasser
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Li-Li Hsiao
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Thomas Böldicke
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Ana Maria Waaga-Gasser
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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5
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Zaza G, Neri F, Bruschi M, Granata S, Petretto A, Bartolucci M, di Bella C, Candiano G, Stallone G, Gesualdo L, Furian L. Proteomics reveals specific biological changes induced by the normothermic machine perfusion of donor kidneys with a significant up-regulation of Latexin. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5920. [PMID: 37041202 PMCID: PMC10090051 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33194-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal normothermic machine perfusion (NMP) is an organ preservation method based on the circulation of a warm (35-37 °C) perfusion solution through the renal vasculature to deliver oxygen and nutrients. However, its biological effects on marginal kidneys are unclear. We therefore used mass spectrometry to determine the proteomic profile of kidney tissue and urine from eight organs reconditioned for 120 min using a Kidney Assist device. Biopsies were taken during the pre-implantation histological evaluation (T-1), at the start of back table preparation (T0), and after 60 and 120 min of perfusion (T60, T120). Urine samples were collected at T0 (urine produced in the first 15 min after the beginning of normothermic reperfusion), T30, T60 and T120. Multiple algorithms, support vector machine learning and partial least squares discriminant analysis were used to select the most discriminative proteins during NMP. Statistical analysis revealed the upregulation of 169 proteins and the downregulation of 196 during NMP. Machine learning algorithms identified the top 50 most discriminative proteins, five of which were concomitantly upregulated (LXN, ETFB, NUDT3, CYCS and UQCRC1) and six downregulated (CFHR3, C1S, CFI, KNG1, SERPINC1 and F9) in the kidney and urine after NMP. Latexin (LXN), an endogenous carboxypeptidase inhibitor, resulted the most-upregulated protein at T120, and this result was confirmed by ELISA. In addition, functional analysis revealed that the most strongly upregulated proteins were involved in the oxidative phosphorylation system and ATP synthesis, whereas the downregulated proteins represented the complement system and coagulation cascade. Our proteomic analysis demonstrated that even brief periods of NMP induce remarkable metabolic and biochemical changes in marginal organs, which supports the use of this promising technique in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluigi Zaza
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University-Hospital of Foggia, Via L. Pinto 1, 71122, Foggia, Italy.
| | - Flavia Neri
- Kidney and Pancreas Transplantation Unit, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Maurizio Bruschi
- Laboratory of Molecular Nephrology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Simona Granata
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University-Hospital of Foggia, Via L. Pinto 1, 71122, Foggia, Italy
| | - Andrea Petretto
- Core Facilities - Proteomica E Metabolomica Clinica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Martina Bartolucci
- Core Facilities - Proteomica E Metabolomica Clinica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Caterina di Bella
- Kidney and Pancreas Transplantation Unit, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Giovanni Candiano
- Laboratory of Molecular Nephrology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giovanni Stallone
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University-Hospital of Foggia, Via L. Pinto 1, 71122, Foggia, Italy
| | - Loreto Gesualdo
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Lucrezia Furian
- Kidney and Pancreas Transplantation Unit, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
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Ajay AK, Zhao L, Vig S, Fujiwara M, Thakurela S, Jadhav S, Cho A, Chiu IJ, Ding Y, Ramachandran K, Mithal A, Bhatt A, Chaluvadi P, Gupta MK, Shah SI, Sabbisetti VS, Waaga-Gasser AM, Frank DA, Murugaiyan G, Bonventre JV, Hsiao LL. Deletion of STAT3 from Foxd1 cell population protects mice from kidney fibrosis by inhibiting pericytes trans-differentiation and migration. Cell Rep 2022; 38:110473. [PMID: 35263586 PMCID: PMC10027389 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Signal transduction and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a key transcription factor implicated in the pathogenesis of kidney fibrosis. Although Stat3 deletion in tubular epithelial cells is known to protect mice from fibrosis, vFoxd1 cells remains unclear. Using Foxd1-mediated Stat3 knockout mice, CRISPR, and inhibitors of STAT3, we investigate its function. STAT3 is phosphorylated in tubular epithelial cells in acute kidney injury, whereas it is expanded to interstitial cells in fibrosis in mice and humans. Foxd1-mediated deletion of Stat3 protects mice from folic-acid- and aristolochic-acid-induced kidney fibrosis. Mechanistically, STAT3 upregulates the inflammation and differentiates pericytes into myofibroblasts. STAT3 activation increases migration and profibrotic signaling in genome-edited, pericyte-like cells. Conversely, blocking Stat3 inhibits detachment, migration, and profibrotic signaling. Furthermore, STAT3 binds to the Collagen1a1 promoter in mouse kidneys and cells. Together, our study identifies a previously unknown function of STAT3 that promotes kidney fibrosis and has therapeutic value in fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrendra K Ajay
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Li Zhao
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Division of Renal Medicine, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Shruti Vig
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Mai Fujiwara
- Ann Romney Centre for Neurological Disease, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Sudhir Thakurela
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Shreyas Jadhav
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Andrew Cho
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - I-Jen Chiu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Yan Ding
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Krithika Ramachandran
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Arushi Mithal
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Aanal Bhatt
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Pratyusha Chaluvadi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Manoj K Gupta
- Section of Islet Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Joslin Diabetes Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Sujal I Shah
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Venkata S Sabbisetti
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ana Maria Waaga-Gasser
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - David A Frank
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Research Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Gopal Murugaiyan
- Ann Romney Centre for Neurological Disease, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Joseph V Bonventre
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Li-Li Hsiao
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Yang B, Sylvius N, Luo J, Yang C, Da Z, Crotty C, Nicholson ML. Identifying Biomarkers from Transcriptomic Signatures in Renal Allograft Biopsies Using Deceased and Living Donors. Front Immunol 2021; 12:657860. [PMID: 34276651 PMCID: PMC8282197 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.657860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The survival of transplant kidneys using deceased donors (DD) is inferior to living donors (LD). In this study, we conducted a whole-transcriptome expression analysis of 24 human kidney biopsies paired at 30 minutes and 3 months post-transplantation using DD and LD. The transcriptome profile was found significantly different between two time points regardless of donor types. There were 446 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between DD and LD at 30 minutes and 146 DEGs at 3 months, with 25 genes common to both time points. These DEGs reflected donor injury and acute immune responses associated with inflammation and cell death as early as at 30 minutes, which could be a precious window of potential intervention. DEGs at 3 months mainly represented the changes of adaptive immunity, immunosuppressive treatment, remodeling or fibrosis via different networks and signaling pathways. The expression levels of 20 highly DEGs involved in kidney diseases and 10 genes dysregulated at 30 minutes were found correlated with renal function and histology at 12 months, suggesting they could be potential biomarkers. These genes were further validated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) in 24 samples analysed by microarray, as well as in a validation cohort of 33 time point unpaired allograft biopsies. This analysis revealed that SERPINA3, SLPI and CBF were up-regulated at 30 minutes in DD compared to LD, while FTCD and TASPN7 were up-regulated at both time points. At 3 months, SERPINA3 was up-regulated in LD, but down-regulated in DD, with increased VCAN and TIMP1, and decreased FOS, in both donors. Taken together, divergent transcriptomic signatures between DD and LD, and changed by the time post-transplantation, might contribute to different allograft survival of two type kidney donors. Some DEGs including FTCD and TASPN7 could be novel biomarkers not only for timely diagnosis, but also for early precise genetic intervention at donor preservation, implantation and post-transplantation, in particular to effectively improve the quality and survival of DD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom.,Research and Innovation, University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom.,Nantong-Leicester Joint Institute of Kidney Science, Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Nicolas Sylvius
- Genomics Core Facility, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Jinli Luo
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Support Hub Leicester, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Cheng Yang
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhanyun Da
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Charlottelrm Crotty
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom.,Research and Innovation, University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Michael L Nicholson
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom.,Research and Innovation, University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom.,Department of Surgery, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Urinary Exosomes Identify Inflammatory Pathways in Vancomycin Associated Acute Kidney Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22062784. [PMID: 33801801 PMCID: PMC7999309 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22062784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Vancomycin is commonly used as a first line therapy for gram positive organisms such as methicillin resistant Staphylococcusaureus. Vancomycin-induced acute kidney injury (V-AKI) has been reported in up to 43% of patients, especially in those with higher targeted trough concentrations. The precise mechanism of injury in humans remains elusive, with recent evidence directed towards proximal tubule cell apoptosis. In this study, we investigated the protein contents of urinary exosomes in patients with V-AKI to further elucidate biomarkers of mechanisms of injury and potential responses. Methods: Urine samples from patients with V-AKI who were enrolled in the DIRECT study and matched healthy controls from the UAB-UCSD O’Brien Center Biorepository were included in the analysis. Exosomes were extracted using solvent exclusion principle and polyethylene glycol induced precipitation. Protein identity and quantification was determined by label-free liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC/MS). The mean peak serum creatinine was 3.7 ± 1.4 mg/dL and time to kidney injury was 4.0 ± 3.0 days. At discharge, 90% of patients demonstrated partial recovery; 33% experienced full recovery by day 28. Proteomic analyses on five V-AKI and 7 control samples revealed 2009 proteins in all samples and 251 proteins significantly associated with V-AKI (Pi-score > 1). The top discriminatory proteins were complement C3, complement C4, galectin-3-binding protein, fibrinogen, alpha-2 macroglobulin, immunoglobulin heavy constant mu and serotransferrin. Conclusion: Urinary exosomes reveal up-regulation of inflammatory proteins after nephrotoxic injury in V-AKI. Further studies are necessary in a large patient sample to confirm these findings for elucidation of pathophysiologic mechanisms and validation of potential injury biomarkers.
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9
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DiRito JR, Hosgood SA, Reschke M, Albert C, Bracaglia LG, Ferdinand JR, Stewart BJ, Edwards CM, Vaish AG, Thiru S, Mulligan DC, Haakinson DJ, Clatworthy MR, Saltzman WM, Pober JS, Nicholson ML, Tietjen GT. Lysis of cold-storage-induced microvascular obstructions for ex vivo revitalization of marginal human kidneys. Am J Transplant 2020; 21:161-173. [PMID: 32627324 PMCID: PMC7775334 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.16148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Thousands of kidneys from higher-risk donors are discarded annually because of the increased likelihood of complications posttransplant. Given the severe organ shortage, there is a critical need to improve utilization of these organs. To this end, normothermic machine perfusion (NMP) has emerged as a platform for ex vivo assessment and potential repair of marginal organs. In a recent study of 8 transplant-declined human kidneys on NMP, we discovered microvascular obstructions that impaired microvascular blood flow. However, the nature and physiologic impact of these lesions were unknown. Here, in a study of 39 human kidneys, we have identified that prolonged cold storage of human kidneys induces accumulation of fibrinogen within tubular epithelium. Restoration of normoxic conditions-either ex vivo during NMP or in vivo following transplant-triggered intravascular release of fibrinogen correlating with red blood cell aggregation and microvascular plugging. Combined delivery of plasminogen and tissue plasminogen activator during NMP lysed the plugs leading to a significant reduction in markers of renal injury, improvement in indicators of renal function, and improved delivery of vascular-targeted nanoparticles. Our study suggests a new mechanism of cold storage injury in marginal organs and provides a simple treatment with immediate translational potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenna R. DiRito
- Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK,Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | | | - Melanie Reschke
- Department of Molecular Biophysics & Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Claire Albert
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Laura G. Bracaglia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - John R. Ferdinand
- Molecular Immunity Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Benjamin J. Stewart
- Molecular Immunity Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Anand G. Vaish
- Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Sathia Thiru
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - David C. Mulligan
- Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | | | - Menna R. Clatworthy
- Molecular Immunity Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - W. Mark Saltzman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Jordan S. Pober
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | | | - Gregory T. Tietjen
- Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
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10
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A single-nucleus RNA-sequencing pipeline to decipher the molecular anatomy and pathophysiology of human kidneys. Nat Commun 2019; 10:2832. [PMID: 31249312 PMCID: PMC6597610 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10861-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Defining cellular and molecular identities within the kidney is necessary to understand its organization and function in health and disease. Here we demonstrate a reproducible method with minimal artifacts for single-nucleus Droplet-based RNA sequencing (snDrop-Seq) that we use to resolve thirty distinct cell populations in human adult kidney. We define molecular transition states along more than ten nephron segments spanning two major kidney regions. We further delineate cell type-specific expression of genes associated with chronic kidney disease, diabetes and hypertension, providing insight into possible targeted therapies. This includes expression of a hypertension-associated mechano-sensory ion channel in mesangial cells, and identification of proximal tubule cell populations defined by pathogenic expression signatures. Our fully optimized, quality-controlled transcriptomic profiling pipeline constitutes a tool for the generation of healthy and diseased molecular atlases applicable to clinical samples. Single-cell studies in solid tissues remain challenging and have benefited from the development of single-nuclei RNA sequencing strategies. Here Lake et al. apply single-nucleus RNA sequencing to human kidney tissues to provide a comprehensive molecular and cellular atlas of the human kidney, with potential implications for the understanding of kidney physiology and disease.
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11
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Pellegrini KL, Gerlach CV, Craciun FL, Ramachandran K, Bijol V, Kissick HT, Vaidya VS. Application of small RNA sequencing to identify microRNAs in acute kidney injury and fibrosis. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2015; 312:42-52. [PMID: 26707937 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2015.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Revised: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Establishing a microRNA (miRNA) expression profile in affected tissues provides an important foundation for the discovery of miRNAs involved in the development or progression of pathologic conditions. We conducted small RNA sequencing to generate a temporal profile of miRNA expression in the kidneys using a mouse model of folic acid-induced (250mg/kgi.p.) kidney injury and fibrosis. From the 103 miRNAs that were differentially expressed over the time course (>2-fold, p<0.05), we chose to further investigate miR-18a-5p, which is expressed during the acute stage of the injury; miR-132-3p, which is upregulated during transition between acute and fibrotic injury; and miR-146b-5p, which is highly expressed at the peak of fibrosis. Using qRT-PCR, we confirmed the increased expression of these candidate miRNAs in the folic acid model as well as in other established mouse models of acute injury (ischemia/reperfusion injury) and fibrosis (unilateral ureteral obstruction). In situ hybridization confirmed high expression of miR-18a-5p, miR-132-3p and miR-146b-5p throughout the kidney cortex in mice and humans with severe kidney injury or fibrosis. When primary human proximal tubular epithelial cells were treated with model nephrotoxicants such as cadmium chloride (CdCl2), arsenic trioxide, aristolochic acid (AA), potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) and cisplatin, miRNA-132-3p was upregulated 4.3-fold after AA treatment and 1.5-fold after K2Cr2O7 and CdCl2 treatment. These results demonstrate the application of temporal small RNA sequencing to identify miR-18a, miR-132 and miR-146b as differentially expressed miRNAs during distinct phases of kidney injury and fibrosis progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn L Pellegrini
- Department of Medicine, Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Cory V Gerlach
- Department of Medicine, Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Program in Therapeutic Sciences, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Florin L Craciun
- Department of Medicine, Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Krithika Ramachandran
- Department of Medicine, Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vanesa Bijol
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Haydn T Kissick
- Department of Surgery, Urology Division, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vishal S Vaidya
- Department of Medicine, Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Program in Therapeutic Sciences, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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12
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Madhusudhan T, Kerlin BA, Isermann B. The emerging role of coagulation proteases in kidney disease. Nat Rev Nephrol 2015; 12:94-109. [PMID: 26592189 DOI: 10.1038/nrneph.2015.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A role of coagulation proteases in kidney disease beyond their function in normal haemostasis and thrombosis has long been suspected, and studies performed in the past 15 years have provided novel insights into the mechanisms involved. The expression of protease-activated receptors (PARs) in renal cells provides a molecular link between coagulation proteases and renal cell function and revitalizes research evaluating the role of haemostasis regulators in renal disease. Renal cell-specific expression and activity of coagulation proteases, their regulators and their receptors are dynamically altered during disease processes. Furthermore, renal inflammation and tissue remodelling are not only associated, but are causally linked with altered coagulation activation and protease-dependent signalling. Intriguingly, coagulation proteases signal through more than one receptor or induce formation of receptor complexes in a cell-specific manner, emphasizing context specificity. Understanding these cell-specific signalosomes and their regulation in kidney disease is crucial to unravelling the pathophysiological relevance of coagulation regulators in renal disease. In addition, the clinical availability of small molecule targeted anticoagulants as well as the development of PAR antagonists increases the need for in-depth knowledge of the mechanisms through which coagulation proteases might regulate renal physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thati Madhusudhan
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Leipziger Strasse 44, Magdeburg D-39120, Germany
| | - Bryce A Kerlin
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Drive, W325 Columbus, Ohio 43205, USA
| | - Berend Isermann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Leipziger Strasse 44, Magdeburg D-39120, Germany
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13
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Atkinson JM, Pullen N, Da Silva-Lodge M, Williams L, Johnson TS. Inhibition of Thrombin-Activated Fibrinolysis Inhibitor Increases Survival in Experimental Kidney Fibrosis. J Am Soc Nephrol 2015; 26:1925-37. [PMID: 25411467 PMCID: PMC4520161 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2014030303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2014] [Accepted: 09/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Uncontrolled diabetes, inflammation, and hypertension are key contributors to progressive renal fibrosis and subsequent loss of renal function. Reduced fibrinolysis appears to be a feature of ESRD, but its contribution to the fibrotic program has not been extensively studied. Here, we show that in patients with CKD, the activity levels of serum thrombin-activated fibrinolysis inhibitor and plasmin strongly correlated with the degree of renal function impairment. We made similar observations in rats after subtotal nephrectomy and tested whether pharmacologic inhibition of thrombin-activated fibrinolysis inhibitor with UK-396082 could reduce renal fibrosis and improve renal function. Compared with untreated animals, UK-396082-treated animals had reduced glomerular and tubulointerstitial fibrosis after subtotal nephrectomy. Renal function, as measured by an increase in creatinine clearance, was maintained and the rate of increase in proteinuria was reduced in UK-396082-treated animals. Furthermore, cumulative survival improved from 16% to 80% with inhibition of thrombin-activated fibrinolysis inhibitor. Taken together, these data support the importance of the fibrinolytic axis in regulating renal fibrosis and point to a potentially important therapeutic role for suppression of thrombin-activated fibrinolysis inhibitor activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M Atkinson
- Sheffield Kidney Institute & Academic Nephrology Unit, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom; UCB Celltech Pharmaceuticals, Berkshire, United Kingdom; and
| | - Nick Pullen
- Pfizer Global Research Development, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Michelle Da Silva-Lodge
- Sheffield Kidney Institute & Academic Nephrology Unit, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Lynne Williams
- Sheffield Kidney Institute & Academic Nephrology Unit, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Tim S Johnson
- Sheffield Kidney Institute & Academic Nephrology Unit, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom; UCB Celltech Pharmaceuticals, Berkshire, United Kingdom; and
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14
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Pellegrini KL, Han T, Bijol V, Saikumar J, Craciun FL, Chen WW, Fuscoe JC, Vaidya VS. MicroRNA-155 deficient mice experience heightened kidney toxicity when dosed with cisplatin. Toxicol Sci 2014; 141:484-92. [PMID: 25015656 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfu143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of nephrotoxicity limits the maximum achievable dosage and treatment intervals for cisplatin chemotherapy. Therefore, identifying mechanisms that regulate this toxicity could offer novel methods to optimize cisplatin delivery. MicroRNAs are capable of regulating many different genes, and can influence diverse cellular processes, including cell death and apoptosis. We previously observed miR-155 to be highly increased following ischemic or toxic injury to the kidneys and, therefore, sought to determine whether mice deficient in miR-155 would respond differently to kidney injury. We treated C57BL/6 and miR-155(-/-) mice with 20 mg/kg of cisplatin and found a significantly higher level of kidney injury in the miR-155(-/-) mice. Genome-wide expression profiling and bioinformatic analysis indicated the activation of a number of canonical signaling pathways relating to apoptosis and oxidative stress over the course of the injury, and identified potential upstream regulators of these effects. One predicted upstream regulator was c-Fos, which has two confirmed miR-155 binding sites in its 3' UTR and, therefore, can be directly regulated by miR-155. We established that the miR-155(-/-) mice had significantly higher levels of c-Fos mRNA and protein than the C57BL/6 mice at 72 h after cisplatin exposure. These data indicate a role for miR-155 in the cisplatin response and suggest that targeting of c-Fos could be investigated to reduce cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn L Pellegrini
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Tao Han
- Division of Systems Biology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas
| | - Vanesa Bijol
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Janani Saikumar
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Florin L Craciun
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - William W Chen
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Program in Therapeutic Sciences, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - James C Fuscoe
- Division of Systems Biology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas
| | - Vishal S Vaidya
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Program in Therapeutic Sciences, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
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15
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Craciun FL, Ajay AK, Hoffmann D, Saikumar J, Fabian SL, Bijol V, Humphreys BD, Vaidya VS. Pharmacological and genetic depletion of fibrinogen protects from kidney fibrosis. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2014; 307:F471-84. [PMID: 25007874 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00189.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrinogen (Fg) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several fibrotic disorders by acting as a profibrotic ligand for a variety of cellular surface receptors and by modulating the provisional fibrin matrix formed after injury. We demonstrated increased renal Fg expression after unilateral ureteral obstruction and folic acid (FA) nephropathy in mice, respectively. Urinary Fg excretion was also increased in FA nephropathy. Using in vitro and in vivo approaches, our results suggested that IL-6 mediates STAT3 activation in kidney fibrosis and that phosphorylated (p)STAT3 binds to Fgα, Fgβ, and Fgγ promoters in the kidney to regulate their transcription. Genetically modified Fg heterozygous mice (∼75% of normal plasma Fg levels) exhibited only 3% kidney interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy after FA nephropathy compared with 24% for wild-type mice. Fibrinogenolysis through Ancrod administration after FA reduced interstitial fibrosis more than threefold compared with vehicle-treated control mice. Mechanistically, we show that Fg acts synergistically with transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 to induce fibroblast proliferation and activates TGF-β1/pSMAD2 signaling. This study offers increased understanding of Fg expression and molecular interactions with TGF-β1 in the progression to kidney fibrosis and, importantly, indicates that fibrinogenolytics like Ancrod present a treatment opportunity for a yet intractable disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florin L Craciun
- Department of Medicine, Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Amrendra K Ajay
- Department of Medicine, Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Dana Hoffmann
- Department of Medicine, Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Janani Saikumar
- Department of Medicine, Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Steven L Fabian
- Department of Medicine, Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Vanesa Bijol
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Benjamin D Humphreys
- Department of Medicine, Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Vishal S Vaidya
- Department of Medicine, Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; and Harvard Program in Therapeutic Sciences, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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16
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Campion S, Aubrecht J, Boekelheide K, Brewster DW, Vaidya VS, Anderson L, Burt D, Dere E, Hwang K, Pacheco S, Saikumar J, Schomaker S, Sigman M, Goodsaid F. The current status of biomarkers for predicting toxicity. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2013; 9:1391-408. [PMID: 23961847 PMCID: PMC3870154 DOI: 10.1517/17425255.2013.827170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There are significant rates of attrition in drug development. A number of compounds fail to progress past preclinical development due to limited tools that accurately monitor toxicity in preclinical studies and in the clinic. Research has focused on improving tools for the detection of organ-specific toxicity through the identification and characterization of biomarkers of toxicity. AREAS COVERED This article reviews what we know about emerging biomarkers in toxicology, with a focus on the 2012 Northeast Society of Toxicology meeting titled 'Translational Biomarkers in Toxicology.' The areas covered in this meeting are summarized and include biomarkers of testicular injury and dysfunction, emerging biomarkers of kidney injury and translation of emerging biomarkers from preclinical species to human populations. The authors also provide a discussion about the biomarker qualification process and possible improvements to this process. EXPERT OPINION There is currently a gap between the scientific work in the development and qualification of novel biomarkers for nonclinical drug safety assessment and how these biomarkers are actually used in drug safety assessment. A clear and efficient path to regulatory acceptance is needed so that breakthroughs in the biomarker toolkit for nonclinical drug safety assessment can be utilized to aid in the drug development process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Campion
- Principal Scientist, Drug Safety Research and Development, Pfizer, Inc., Eastern Point Road, MS 8274 1260, Groton, CT 06340, USA
| | - Jiri Aubrecht
- Senior Director, Drug Safety Research and Development, Pfizer, Inc., Eastern Point Road, MS 8274-1424, Groton, CT 06340, USA
| | - Kim Boekelheide
- Professor of Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - David W Brewster
- Vice-President, Global Head Drug Safety Evaluation, Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 130 Waverly Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Vishal S Vaidya
- Assistant Professor of Medicine and Environmental Health, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Harvard School of Public Health, Renal Division, Department of Environmental Health, Rm 510, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Linnea Anderson
- Graduate Student, Brown University, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Deborah Burt
- Scientist, Drug Safety Research and Development, Pfizer, Inc., Eastern Point Road, MS 8274- 1234, Groton, CT 06340, USA
| | - Edward Dere
- Postdoctoral Associate, Rhode Island Hospital, Division of Urology, Providence, RI 02903, USA
| | - Kathleen Hwang
- Assistant Professor, Rhode Island Hospital, Division of Urology, Providence, RI 02903, USA
| | - Sara Pacheco
- Graduate Student, Brown University, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Janani Saikumar
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Rm 510, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Shelli Schomaker
- Principal Scientist, Drug Safety Research and Development, Pfizer, Inc., Eastern Point Road, MS 8274-1227, Groton, CT 06340, USA
| | - Mark Sigman
- Chief of Urology, Rhode Island Hospital and The Miriam Hospital, Division of Urology, Providence, RI 02903, USA
| | - Federico Goodsaid
- Vice President, Strategic Regulatory Intelligence, Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 1050 K Street NW, Suite 1125, Washington, DC 20016, USA
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17
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Ajay AK, Kim TM, Ramirez-Gonzalez V, Park PJ, Frank DA, Vaidya VS. A bioinformatics approach identifies signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 and checkpoint kinase 1 as upstream regulators of kidney injury molecule-1 after kidney injury. J Am Soc Nephrol 2013; 25:105-18. [PMID: 24158981 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2013020161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1)/T cell Ig and mucin domain-containing protein-1 (TIM-1) is upregulated more than other proteins after AKI, and it is highly expressed in renal damage of various etiologies. In this capacity, KIM-1/TIM-1 acts as a phosphatidylserine receptor on the surface of injured proximal tubular epithelial cells, mediating phagocytosis of apoptotic cells, and it may also act as a costimulatory molecule for immune cells. Despite recognition of KIM-1 as an important therapeutic target for kidney disease, the regulators of KIM-1 transcription in the kidney remain unknown. Using a bioinformatics approach, we identified upstream regulators of KIM-1 after AKI. In response to tubular injury in rat and human kidneys or oxidant stress in human proximal tubular epithelial cells (HPTECs), KIM-1 expression increased significantly in a manner that corresponded temporally and regionally with increased phosphorylation of checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1) and STAT3. Both ischemic and oxidant stress resulted in a dramatic increase in reactive oxygen species that phosphorylated and activated Chk1, which subsequently bound to STAT3, phosphorylating it at S727. Furthermore, STAT3 bound to the KIM-1 promoter after ischemic and oxidant stress, and pharmacological or genetic induction of STAT3 in HPTECs increased KIM-1 mRNA and protein levels. Conversely, inhibition of STAT3 using siRNAs or dominant negative mutants reduced KIM-1 expression in a kidney cancer cell line (769-P) that expresses high basal levels of KIM-1. These observations highlight Chk1 and STAT3 as critical upstream regulators of KIM-1 expression after AKI and may suggest novel approaches for therapeutic intervention.
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18
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Sörensen-Zender I, Rong S, Susnik N, Lange J, Gueler F, Degen JL, Melk A, Haller H, Schmitt R. Role of fibrinogen in acute ischemic kidney injury. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2013; 305:F777-85. [PMID: 23804451 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00418.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) is associated with activation of the coagulation system and accumulation of blood clotting factors in the kidney. The aim of the present study was to examine the functional impact of fibrinogen on renal inflammation, damage, and repair in the context of I/R injury. In this study, we found that I/R was associated with a significant increase in the renal deposition of circulating fibrinogen. In parallel, I/R stress induced the de novo expression of fibrinogen in tubular epithelial cells, as reflected by RT-PCR, immunofluorescence, and in situ hybridization. In vitro, fibrinogen expression was induced by oncostatin M and hyper-IL-6 in primary tubular epithelial cells, and fibrinogen-containing medium had an inhibitory effect on tubular epithelial cell adhesion and migration. Fibrinogen(+/-) mice showed similar survival as wild-type mice but better preservation in early postischemic renal function. In fibrinogen(-/-) mice, renal function and survival were significantly worse than in fibrinogen(+/-) mice. Renal transplant experiments revealed reduced expression of tubular damage markers and attenuated proinflammatory cytokine expression but increased inflammatory cell infiltrates and transforming growth factor-β expression in fibrinogen(-/-) isografts. These data point to heterogeneous effects of fibrinogen in renal I/R injury. While a complete lack of fibrinogen may be detrimental, partial reduction of fibrinogen in heterozygous mice can improve renal function and overall outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Sörensen-Zender
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, Hannover 30625, Germany
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