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Eerlings R, Gupta P, Lee XY, Nguyen T, El Kharraz S, Handle F, Smeets E, Moris L, Devlies W, Vandewinkel B, Thiry I, Ta DT, Gorkovskiy A, Voordeckers K, Henckaerts E, Pinheiro VB, Claessens F, Verstrepen KJ, Voet A, Helsen C. Rational evolution for altering the ligand preference of estrogen receptor alpha. Protein Sci 2024; 33:e4940. [PMID: 38511482 PMCID: PMC10955623 DOI: 10.1002/pro.4940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Estrogen receptor α is commonly used in synthetic biology to control the activity of genome editing tools. The activating ligands, estrogens, however, interfere with various cellular processes, thereby limiting the applicability of this receptor. Altering its ligand preference to chemicals of choice solves this hurdle but requires adaptation of unspecified ligand-interacting residues. Here, we provide a solution by combining rational protein design with multi-site-directed mutagenesis and directed evolution of stably integrated variants in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This method yielded an estrogen receptor variant, named TERRA, that lost its estrogen responsiveness and became activated by tamoxifen, an anti-estrogenic drug used for breast cancer treatment. This tamoxifen preference of TERRA was maintained in mammalian cells and mice, even when fused to Cre recombinase, expanding the mammalian synthetic biology toolbox. Not only is our platform transferable to engineer ligand preference of any steroid receptor, it can also profile drug-resistance landscapes for steroid receptor-targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roy Eerlings
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular MedicineKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
- Laboratory of Systems BiologyVIB‐KU Leuven Center for MicrobiologyLeuvenBelgium
- Laboratory for Genetics and Genomics, Center of Microbial and Plant Genetics, Department M2SKU LeuvenHeverleeBelgium
| | - Purvi Gupta
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Modelling and Design, Department of ChemistryKU LeuvenHeverleeBelgium
| | - Xiao Yin Lee
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular MedicineKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Tien Nguyen
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Modelling and Design, Department of ChemistryKU LeuvenHeverleeBelgium
| | - Sarah El Kharraz
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular MedicineKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Florian Handle
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular MedicineKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Elien Smeets
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular MedicineKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Lisa Moris
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular MedicineKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
- Department of UrologyUniversity Hospitals LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Wout Devlies
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular MedicineKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
- Department of UrologyUniversity Hospitals LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Bram Vandewinkel
- Laboratory of Viral Cell Biology and Therapeutics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and TransplantationKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Irina Thiry
- Laboratory of Viral Cell Biology and Therapeutics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and TransplantationKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Duy Tien Ta
- Laboratory of Viral Cell Biology and Therapeutics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and TransplantationKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Anton Gorkovskiy
- Laboratory of Systems BiologyVIB‐KU Leuven Center for MicrobiologyLeuvenBelgium
- Laboratory for Genetics and Genomics, Center of Microbial and Plant Genetics, Department M2SKU LeuvenHeverleeBelgium
| | - Karin Voordeckers
- Laboratory of Systems BiologyVIB‐KU Leuven Center for MicrobiologyLeuvenBelgium
- Laboratory for Genetics and Genomics, Center of Microbial and Plant Genetics, Department M2SKU LeuvenHeverleeBelgium
| | - Els Henckaerts
- Laboratory of Viral Cell Biology and Therapeutics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and TransplantationKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Vitor B. Pinheiro
- KU Leuven, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological SciencesRega Institute for Medical ResearchLeuvenBelgium
| | - Frank Claessens
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular MedicineKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Kevin J. Verstrepen
- Laboratory of Systems BiologyVIB‐KU Leuven Center for MicrobiologyLeuvenBelgium
- Laboratory for Genetics and Genomics, Center of Microbial and Plant Genetics, Department M2SKU LeuvenHeverleeBelgium
| | - Arnout Voet
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Modelling and Design, Department of ChemistryKU LeuvenHeverleeBelgium
| | - Christine Helsen
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular MedicineKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
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Richardson E, Homem RA, Troczka BJ, George CH, Ebbinghaus‐Kintscher U, Williamson MS, Nauen R, Davies TGE. Diamide insecticide resistance in transgenic Drosophila and Sf9-cells expressing a full-length diamondback moth ryanodine receptor carrying an I4790M mutation. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2022; 78:869-880. [PMID: 34821007 PMCID: PMC9255861 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resistance to diamide insecticides in Lepidoptera is known to be caused primarily by amino acid changes on the ryanodine receptor (RyR). Recently, two new target site mutations, G4946V and I4790M, have emerged in populations of diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella, as well as in other lepidopteran species, and both mutations have been shown empirically to decrease diamide efficacy. Here, we quantify the impact of the I4790M mutation on diamide activation of the receptor, as compared to alterations at the G4946 locus. RESULTS I4790M when introduced into P. xylostella RyR expressed in an insect-derived Sf9 cell line was found to mediate just a ten-fold reduction in chlorantraniliprole efficacy (compared to 104- and 146-fold reductions for the G4946E and G4946V variants, respectively), whilst in the field its presence is associated with a ≥150-fold reduction. I4790M-mediated resistance to flubendiamide was estimated to be >24-fold. When the entire coding sequence of P. xylostella RyR was integrated into Drosophila melanogaster, the I4790M variant conferred ~4.4-fold resistance to chlorantraniliprole and 22-fold resistance to flubendiamide in the 3rd instar larvae, confirming that it imparts only a moderate level of resistance to diamide insecticides. Although the I4790M substitution appears to bear no fitness costs in terms of the flies' reproductive capacity, when assessed in a noncompetitive environment, it does, however, have potentially major impacts on mobility at both the larval and adult stages. CONCLUSIONS I4790M imparts only a moderate level of resistance to diamide insecticides and potentially confers significant fitness costs to the insect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewan Richardson
- Department of Biointeractions and Crop ProtectionRothamsted ResearchHarpendenUK
| | - Rafael A Homem
- Department of Biointeractions and Crop ProtectionRothamsted ResearchHarpendenUK
| | - Bartlomiej J Troczka
- Department of Biointeractions and Crop ProtectionRothamsted ResearchHarpendenUK
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, BiosciencesUniversity of Exeter, Penryn CampusPenrynUK
| | | | | | - Martin S Williamson
- Department of Biointeractions and Crop ProtectionRothamsted ResearchHarpendenUK
| | - Ralf Nauen
- Bayer AG, Crop Science Division, R&DMonheimGermany
| | - TG Emyr Davies
- Department of Biointeractions and Crop ProtectionRothamsted ResearchHarpendenUK
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Chen SL, Chen YH, Wang CC, Yu YW, Tsai YC, Hsu HW, Wu CL, Wang PY, Chen LC, Lan TH, Fu TF. Active and passive sexual roles that arise in Drosophila male-male courtship are modulated by dopamine levels in PPL2ab neurons. Sci Rep 2017; 7:44595. [PMID: 28294190 PMCID: PMC5353583 DOI: 10.1038/srep44595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The neurology of male sexuality has been poorly studied owing to difficulties in studying brain circuitry in humans. Dopamine (DA) is essential for both physiological and behavioural responses, including the regulation of sexuality. Previous studies have revealed that alterations in DA synthesis in dopaminergic neurons can induce male-male courtship behaviour, while increasing DA levels in the protocerebral posteriolateral dopaminergic cluster neuron 2ab (PPL2ab) may enhance the intensity of male courtship sustainment in Drosophila. Here we report that changes in the ability of the PPL2ab in the central nervous system (CNS) to produce DA strongly impact male-male courtship in D. melanogaster. Intriguingly, the DA-synthesizing abilities of these neurons appear to affect both the courting activities displayed by male flies and the sex appeal of male flies for other male flies. Moreover, the observed male-male courtship is triggered primarily by target motion, yet chemical cues can replace visual input under dark conditions. This is interesting evidence that courtship responses in male individuals are controlled by PPL2ab neurons in the CNS. Our study provides insight for subsequent studies focusing on sexual circuit modulation by PPL2ab neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiu-Ling Chen
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chi Nan University, 54561 Nantou, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hui Chen
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chi Nan University, 54561 Nantou, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Chan Wang
- Department of Life Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, 24205 New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yhu-Wei Yu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chi Nan University, 54561 Nantou, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chen Tsai
- Department of Life Science and Life Science Center, Tunghai University, 40704 Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Wen Hsu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chi Nan University, 54561 Nantou, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Lin Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, 33302 Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Neurology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 33305 Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yu Wang
- Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, 10051 Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lien-Cheng Chen
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, 71703 Tainan, Taiwan.,School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, 11031 Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsuo-Hung Lan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming University, 11221 Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, 40705 Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tsai-Feng Fu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chi Nan University, 54561 Nantou, Taiwan
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Li Q, Stavropoulos N. Evaluation of Ligand-Inducible Expression Systems for Conditional Neuronal Manipulations of Sleep in Drosophila. G3 (BETHESDA, MD.) 2016; 6:3351-3359. [PMID: 27558667 PMCID: PMC5068954 DOI: 10.1534/g3.116.034132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Drosophila melanogaster is a powerful model organism for dissecting the molecular mechanisms that regulate sleep, and numerous studies in the fly have identified genes that impact sleep-wake cycles. Conditional genetic analysis is essential to distinguish the mechanisms by which these genes impact sleep: some genes might exert their effects developmentally, for instance by directing the assembly of neuronal circuits that regulate sleep; other genes may regulate sleep in adulthood; and yet other genes might influence sleep by both developmental and adult mechanisms. Here we have assessed two ligand-inducible expression systems, Geneswitch and the Q-system, for conditional and neuronally restricted manipulations of sleep in Drosophila While adult-specific induction of a neuronally expressed Geneswitch transgene (elav-GS) is compatible with studies of sleep as shown previously, developmental induction of elav-GS strongly and nonspecifically perturbs sleep in adults. The alterations of sleep in elav-GS animals occur at low doses of Geneswitch agonist and in the presence of transgenes unrelated to sleep, such as UAS-CD8-GFP Furthermore, developmental elav-GS induction is toxic and reduces brood size, indicating multiple adverse effects of neuronal Geneswitch activation. In contrast, the transgenes and ligand of the Q-system do not significantly impact sleep-wake cycles when used for constitutive, developmental, or adult-specific neuronal induction. The nonspecific effects of developmental elav-GS activation on sleep indicate that such manipulations require cautious interpretation, and suggest that the Q-system or other strategies may be more suitable for conditional genetic analysis of sleep and other behaviors in Drosophila.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuling Li
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, Neuroscience Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York 10016
| | - Nicholas Stavropoulos
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, Neuroscience Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York 10016
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Shih HW, Wu CL, Chang SW, Liu TH, Lai JSY, Fu TF, Fu CC, Chiang AS. Parallel circuits control temperature preference in Drosophila during ageing. Nat Commun 2015; 6:7775. [PMID: 26178754 PMCID: PMC4518306 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms8775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 06/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The detection of environmental temperature and regulation of body temperature are integral determinants of behaviour for all animals. These functions become less efficient in aged animals, particularly during exposure to cold environments, yet the cellular and molecular mechanisms are not well understood. Here, we identify an age-related change in the temperature preference of adult fruit flies that results from a shift in the relative contributions of two parallel mushroom body (MB) circuits—the β′- and β-systems. The β′-circuit primarily controls cold avoidance through dopamine signalling in young flies, whereas the β-circuit increasingly contributes to cold avoidance as adult flies age. Elevating dopamine levels in β′-afferent neurons of aged flies restores cold sensitivity, suggesting that the alteration of cold avoidance behaviour with ageing is functionally reversible. These results provide a framework for investigating how molecules and individual neural circuits modulate homeostatic alterations during the course of senescence. The capacity for thermoregulation deteriorates with age, particularly in cold environments. Here the authors demonstrate in Drosophila that age-related changes in cold avoidance result from a shift in the relative contribution of two parallel mushroom body circuits that are modulated by dopamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiang-Wen Shih
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Lin Wu
- 1] Department of Biochemistry and Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan. [2] Department of Medical Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Sue-Wei Chang
- Department of Power Mechanical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Ho Liu
- Department of Power Mechanical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Jason Sih-Yu Lai
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Tsai-Feng Fu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chi Nan University, Nantou 54561, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chung Fu
- 1] Department of Power Mechanical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan. [2] Brain Research Center, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Ann-Shyn Chiang
- 1] Institute of Biotechnology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan. [2] Brain Research Center, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan. [3] Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. [4] Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80780, Taiwan. [5] Kavli Institute for Brain and Mind, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0526, USA
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Kuo SY, Wu CL, Hsieh MY, Lin CT, Wen RK, Chen LC, Chen YH, Yu YW, Wang HD, Su YJ, Lin CJ, Yang CY, Guan HY, Wang PY, Lan TH, Fu TF. PPL2ab neurons restore sexual responses in aged Drosophila males through dopamine. Nat Commun 2015; 6:7490. [PMID: 26123524 PMCID: PMC4491191 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms8490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Male sexual desire typically declines with ageing. However, our understanding of the neurobiological basis for this phenomenon is limited by our knowledge of the brain circuitry and neuronal pathways controlling male sexual desire. A number of studies across species suggest that dopamine (DA) affects sexual desire. Here we use genetic tools and behavioural assays to identify a novel subset of DA neurons that regulate age-associated male courtship activity in Drosophila. We find that increasing DA levels in a subset of cells in the PPL2ab neuronal cluster is necessary and sufficient for increased sustained courtship in both young and aged male flies. Our results indicate that preventing the age-related decline in DA levels in PPL2ab neurons alleviates diminished courtship behaviours in male Drosophila. These results may provide the foundation for deciphering the circuitry involved in sexual motivation in the male Drosophila brain. We currently lack a detailed understanding of the neurobiological basis for the decline of male sexual desire with age. Here the authors demonstrate that restoring impaired dopaminergic signalling in a specific cluster of neurons in the Drosophila brain increases sexual behaviour in ageing male flies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Yun Kuo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chi Nan University, 54561 Nantou, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Lin Wu
- 1] Department of Biochemistry and Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, 33302 Taoyuan, Taiwan [2] Department of Medical Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 33305 Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Min-Yen Hsieh
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chi Nan University, 54561 Nantou, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Ta Lin
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chi Nan University, 54561 Nantou, Taiwan
| | - Rong-Kun Wen
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chi Nan University, 54561 Nantou, Taiwan
| | - Lien-Cheng Chen
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, 70703 Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hui Chen
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chi Nan University, 54561 Nantou, Taiwan
| | - Yhu-Wei Yu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chi Nan University, 54561 Nantou, Taiwan
| | - Horng-Dar Wang
- Institute of Biotechnology, Institute of Systems Neuroscience, and Department of Life Science, National Tsing Hua University, 30013 Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ju Su
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chi Nan University, 54561 Nantou, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ju Lin
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chi Nan University, 54561 Nantou, Taiwan
| | - Cian-Yi Yang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chi Nan University, 54561 Nantou, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Yu Guan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chi Nan University, 54561 Nantou, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yu Wang
- Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, 10051 Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsuo-Hung Lan
- 1] Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming University, 11221 Taipei, Taiwan [2] Department of Psychiatry, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, 40705 Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tsai-Feng Fu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chi Nan University, 54561 Nantou, Taiwan
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Chin AL, Lin CY, Fu TF, Dickson BJ, Chiang AS. Diversity and wiring variability of visual local neurons in the Drosophila medulla M6 stratum. J Comp Neurol 2014; 522:3795-816. [PMID: 24782245 PMCID: PMC4265792 DOI: 10.1002/cne.23622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2012] [Revised: 04/21/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Local neurons in the vertebrate retina are instrumental in transforming visual inputs to extract contrast, motion, and color information and in shaping bipolar-to-ganglion cell transmission to the brain. In Drosophila, UV vision is represented by R7 inner photoreceptor neurons that project to the medulla M6 stratum, with relatively little known of this downstream substrate. Here, using R7 terminals as references, we generated a 3D volume model of the M6 stratum, which revealed a retinotopic map for UV representations. Using this volume model as a common 3D framework, we compiled and analyzed the spatial distributions of more than 200 single M6-specific local neurons (M6-LNs). Based on the segregation of putative dendrites and axons, these local neurons were classified into two families, directional and nondirectional. Neurotransmitter immunostaining suggested a signal routing model in which some visual information is relayed by directional M6-LNs from the anterior to the posterior M6 and all visual information is inhibited by a diverse population of nondirectional M6-LNs covering the entire M6 stratum. Our findings suggest that the Drosophila medulla M6 stratum contains diverse LNs that form repeating functional modules similar to those found in the vertebrate inner plexiform layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- An-Lun Chin
- Institute of Biotechnology and Department of Life Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
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