1
|
Petruk G, Petrlova J, Samsudin F, Bond PJ, Schmidtchen A. Thrombin-derived C-terminal peptides bind and form aggregates with sulfated glycosaminoglycans. Heliyon 2024; 10:e35703. [PMID: 39229523 PMCID: PMC11369470 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) such as heparin and heparan sulfate (HS) play crucial roles in inflammation and wound healing, serving as regulators of growth factors and pro-inflammatory mediators. In this study, we investigated the influence of heparin/HS on thrombin proteolysis and its interaction with the generated 11 kDa thrombin-derived C-terminal peptides (TCPs). Employing various biochemical and biophysical methods, we demonstrated that 11 kDa TCPs aggregate in the presence of GAGs, including heparin, heparan sulfate, and chondroitin sulfate-B. Circular dichroism analysis demonstrated that 11 kDa TCPs, in the presence of GAGs, adopt a β-sheet structure, a finding supported by thioflavin T1 (ThT) fluorescence measurements and visualization of 11 kDa TCP-heparin complexes using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Furthermore, our investigations revealed a stronger binding affinity between 11 kDa TCPs and GAGs with higher sulfate group contents. Congruently, in silico simulations showed that interactions between 11 kDa TCPs and heparin/HS are predominantly electrostatic in nature. Collectively, our study suggests that 11 kDa TCPs have the capacity to aggregate in the presence of GAGs, shedding light on their potential roles in inflammation and wound healing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ganna Petruk
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, 22241, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jitka Petrlova
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, 22241, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Health and Society, Malmö University, SE-205 06, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Firdaus Samsudin
- Bioinformatics Institute (BII), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 30 Biopolis Street, #07-01 Matrix, Singapore, 138671, Republic of Singapore
| | - Peter J. Bond
- Bioinformatics Institute (BII), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 30 Biopolis Street, #07-01 Matrix, Singapore, 138671, Republic of Singapore
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Republic of Singapore
| | - Artur Schmidtchen
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, 22241, Lund, Sweden
- Dermatology, Skane University Hospital, 22185, Lund, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gafar MA, Omolo CA, Elhassan E, Ibrahim UH, Govender T. Applications of peptides in nanosystems for diagnosing and managing bacterial sepsis. J Biomed Sci 2024; 31:40. [PMID: 38637839 PMCID: PMC11027418 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-024-01029-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Sepsis represents a critical medical condition stemming from an imbalanced host immune response to infections, which is linked to a significant burden of disease. Despite substantial efforts in laboratory and clinical research, sepsis remains a prominent contributor to mortality worldwide. Nanotechnology presents innovative opportunities for the advancement of sepsis diagnosis and treatment. Due to their unique properties, including diversity, ease of synthesis, biocompatibility, high specificity, and excellent pharmacological efficacy, peptides hold great potential as part of nanotechnology approaches against sepsis. Herein, we present a comprehensive and up-to-date review of the applications of peptides in nanosystems for combating sepsis, with the potential to expedite diagnosis and enhance management outcomes. Firstly, sepsis pathophysiology, antisepsis drug targets, current modalities in management and diagnosis with their limitations, and the potential of peptides to advance the diagnosis and management of sepsis have been adequately addressed. The applications have been organized into diagnostic or managing applications, with the last one being further sub-organized into nano-delivered bioactive peptides with antimicrobial or anti-inflammatory activity, peptides as targeting moieties on the surface of nanosystems against sepsis, and peptides as nanocarriers for antisepsis agents. The studies have been grouped thematically and discussed, emphasizing the constructed nanosystem, physicochemical properties, and peptide-imparted enhancement in diagnostic and therapeutic efficacy. The strengths, limitations, and research gaps in each section have been elaborated. Finally, current challenges and potential future paths to enhance the use of peptides in nanosystems for combating sepsis have been deliberately spotlighted. This review reaffirms peptides' potential as promising biomaterials within nanotechnology strategies aimed at improving sepsis diagnosis and management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed A Gafar
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Khartoum, P.O. Box 1996, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Calvin A Omolo
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa.
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, United States International University-Africa, P. O. Box 14634-00800, Nairobi, Kenya.
| | - Eman Elhassan
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa
| | - Usri H Ibrahim
- Discipline of Human Physiology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Thirumala Govender
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Petruk G, Puthia M, Samsudin F, Petrlova J, Olm F, Mittendorfer M, Hyllén S, Edström D, Strömdahl AC, Diehl C, Ekström S, Walse B, Kjellström S, Bond PJ, Lindstedt S, Schmidtchen A. Targeting Toll-like receptor-driven systemic inflammation by engineering an innate structural fold into drugs. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6097. [PMID: 37773180 PMCID: PMC10541425 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41702-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a clinical need for conceptually new treatments that target the excessive activation of inflammatory pathways during systemic infection. Thrombin-derived C-terminal peptides (TCPs) are endogenous anti-infective immunomodulators interfering with CD14-mediated TLR-dependent immune responses. Here we describe the development of a peptide-based compound for systemic use, sHVF18, expressing the evolutionarily conserved innate structural fold of natural TCPs. Using a combination of structure- and in silico-based design, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, biophysics, mass spectrometry, cellular, and in vivo studies, we here elucidate the structure, CD14 interactions, protease stability, transcriptome profiling, and therapeutic efficacy of sHVF18. The designed peptide displays a conformationally stabilized, protease resistant active innate fold and targets the LPS-binding groove of CD14. In vivo, it shows therapeutic efficacy in experimental models of endotoxin shock in mice and pigs and increases survival in mouse models of systemic polymicrobial infection. The results provide a drug class based on Nature´s own anti-infective principles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ganna Petruk
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, SE-22184, Lund, Sweden.
| | - Manoj Puthia
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, SE-22184, Lund, Sweden
| | - Firdaus Samsudin
- Bioinformatics Institute (BII), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138671, Singapore
| | - Jitka Petrlova
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, SE-22184, Lund, Sweden
| | - Franziska Olm
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, SE-22184, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Snejana Hyllén
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, SE-22184, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Skåne University Hospital, SE-22185, Lund, Sweden
| | - Dag Edström
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, SE-22184, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Skåne University Hospital, SE-22185, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ann-Charlotte Strömdahl
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, SE-22184, Lund, Sweden
| | - Carl Diehl
- SARomics Biostructures AB, Medicon Village, SE-22381, Lund, Sweden
| | - Simon Ekström
- BioMS - Swedish National Infrastructure for Biological Mass Spectrometry, SE-22184, Lund, Sweden
| | - Björn Walse
- SARomics Biostructures AB, Medicon Village, SE-22381, Lund, Sweden
| | - Sven Kjellström
- Division of Mass Spectrometry, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, SE-22184, Lund, Sweden
| | - Peter J Bond
- Bioinformatics Institute (BII), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138671, Singapore
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Sandra Lindstedt
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, SE-22184, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Skåne University Hospital, SE-22185, Lund, Sweden
| | - Artur Schmidtchen
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, SE-22184, Lund, Sweden
- Dermatology, Skane University Hospital, SE-22185, Lund, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Liang Y, Pan JM, Zhu KC, Xian L, Guo HY, Liu BS, Zhang N, Yang JW, Zhang DC. Genome-Wide Identification of Trachinotus ovatus Antimicrobial Peptides and Their Immune Response against Two Pathogen Challenges. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:505. [PMID: 37888440 PMCID: PMC10608450 DOI: 10.3390/md21100505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Golden pompano, Trachinotus ovatus, as a highly nutritious commercially valuable marine fish, has become one of the preferred species for many fish farmers due to its rapid growth, wide adaptability, and ease of feeding and management. However, with the expansion of aquaculture scale, bacterial and parasitic diseases have also become major threats to the golden pompano industry. This study, based on comparative genomics, shows the possibility of preferential evolution of freshwater fish over marine fish by analyzing the phylogenetic relationships and divergence times of 14 marine fish and freshwater fish. Furthermore, we identified antimicrobial peptide genes from 14 species at the genomic level and found that the number of putative antimicrobial peptides may be related to species evolution. Subsequently, we classified the 341 identified AMPs from golden pompano into 38 categories based on the classification provided by the APD3. Among them, TCP represented the highest proportion, accounting for 23.2% of the total, followed by scolopendin, lectin, chemokine, BPTI, and histone-derived peptides. At the same time, the distribution of AMPs in chromosomes varied with type, and covariance analysis showed the frequency of its repeat events. Enrichment analysis and PPI indicated that AMP was mainly concentrated in pathways associated with disease immunity. In addition, our transcriptomic data measured the expression of putative AMPs of golden pompano in 12 normal tissues, as well as in the liver, spleen, and kidney infected with Streptococcus agalactiae and skin infected with Cryptocaryon irritans. As the infection with S. agalactiae and C. irritans progressed, we observed tissue specificity in the number and types of responsive AMPs. Positive selection of AMP genes may participate in the immune response through the MAPK signaling pathway. The genome-wide identification of antimicrobial peptides in the golden pompano provided a complete database of potential AMPs that can contribute to further understanding the immune mechanisms in pathogens. AMPs were expected to replace traditional antibiotics and be developed into targeted drugs against specific bacterial and parasitic pathogens for more precise and effective treatment to improve aquaculture production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liang
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China; (Y.L.); (J.-M.P.); (K.-C.Z.); (L.X.); (H.-Y.G.); (B.-S.L.); (N.Z.); (J.-W.Y.)
- Guangxi Marine Microbial Resources Industrialization Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangxi Key Laboratory for Polysaccharide Materials and Modifications, School of Marine Sciences and Biotechnology, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning 530008, China
| | - Jin-Min Pan
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China; (Y.L.); (J.-M.P.); (K.-C.Z.); (L.X.); (H.-Y.G.); (B.-S.L.); (N.Z.); (J.-W.Y.)
| | - Ke-Cheng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China; (Y.L.); (J.-M.P.); (K.-C.Z.); (L.X.); (H.-Y.G.); (B.-S.L.); (N.Z.); (J.-W.Y.)
- Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute, Sanya 572018, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineer Technology Research Center of Marine Biological Seed Industry, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Lin Xian
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China; (Y.L.); (J.-M.P.); (K.-C.Z.); (L.X.); (H.-Y.G.); (B.-S.L.); (N.Z.); (J.-W.Y.)
- Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute, Sanya 572018, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineer Technology Research Center of Marine Biological Seed Industry, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Hua-Yang Guo
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China; (Y.L.); (J.-M.P.); (K.-C.Z.); (L.X.); (H.-Y.G.); (B.-S.L.); (N.Z.); (J.-W.Y.)
- Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute, Sanya 572018, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineer Technology Research Center of Marine Biological Seed Industry, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Bao-Suo Liu
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China; (Y.L.); (J.-M.P.); (K.-C.Z.); (L.X.); (H.-Y.G.); (B.-S.L.); (N.Z.); (J.-W.Y.)
- Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute, Sanya 572018, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineer Technology Research Center of Marine Biological Seed Industry, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China; (Y.L.); (J.-M.P.); (K.-C.Z.); (L.X.); (H.-Y.G.); (B.-S.L.); (N.Z.); (J.-W.Y.)
- Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute, Sanya 572018, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineer Technology Research Center of Marine Biological Seed Industry, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Jing-Wen Yang
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China; (Y.L.); (J.-M.P.); (K.-C.Z.); (L.X.); (H.-Y.G.); (B.-S.L.); (N.Z.); (J.-W.Y.)
- Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute, Sanya 572018, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineer Technology Research Center of Marine Biological Seed Industry, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Dian-Chang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China; (Y.L.); (J.-M.P.); (K.-C.Z.); (L.X.); (H.-Y.G.); (B.-S.L.); (N.Z.); (J.-W.Y.)
- Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute, Sanya 572018, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineer Technology Research Center of Marine Biological Seed Industry, Guangzhou 510300, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hastings CJ, Syed SS, Marques CNH. Subversion of the Complement System by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. J Bacteriol 2023; 205:e0001823. [PMID: 37436150 PMCID: PMC10464199 DOI: 10.1128/jb.00018-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen heavily implicated in chronic diseases. Immunocompromised patients that become infected with P. aeruginosa usually are afflicted with a lifelong chronic infection, leading to worsened patient outcomes. The complement system is an integral piece of the first line of defense against invading microorganisms. Gram-negative bacteria are thought to be generally susceptible to attack from complement; however, P. aeruginosa can be an exception, with certain strains being serum resistant. Various molecular mechanisms have been described that confer P. aeruginosa unique resistance to numerous aspects of the complement response. In this review, we summarize the current published literature regarding the interactions of P. aeruginosa and complement, as well as the mechanisms used by P. aeruginosa to exploit various complement deficiencies and the strategies used to disrupt or hijack normal complement activities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cody James Hastings
- Department of Biological Sciences, Binghamton University, Binghamton, New York, USA
- Binghamton Biofilm Research Center, Binghamton University, Binghamton, New York, USA
| | - Shazrah Salim Syed
- Department of Biological Sciences, Binghamton University, Binghamton, New York, USA
- Binghamton Biofilm Research Center, Binghamton University, Binghamton, New York, USA
| | - Cláudia Nogueira Hora Marques
- Department of Biological Sciences, Binghamton University, Binghamton, New York, USA
- Binghamton Biofilm Research Center, Binghamton University, Binghamton, New York, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Schmidtchen A, Puthia M. Rapid in vitro and in vivo Evaluation of Antimicrobial Formulations Using Bioluminescent Pathogenic Bacteria. Bio Protoc 2022; 12:e4302. [DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.4302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
|
7
|
Thrombin-Derived C-Terminal Peptide Reduces Candida-Induced Inflammation and Infection In Vitro and In Vivo. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2021; 65:e0103221. [PMID: 34424043 PMCID: PMC8522777 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01032-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Infections due to the opportunistic fungus Candida have been on the rise in the last decades, especially in immunocompromised individuals and hospital settings. Unfortunately, the treatments available today are limited. Thrombin-derived C-terminal peptide (TCP-25) is an antimicrobial peptide (AMP) with antibacterial and immunomodulatory effects. In this work, we, for the first time, demonstrate the ability of TCP-25 ability to counteract Candidain vitro and in vivo. Using a combination of viable count assay (VCA), radial diffusion assay (RDA), and fluorescence and transmission electron microscopy analyses, TCP-25 was found to exert a direct fungicidal activity. An inhibitory activity of TCP-25 on NF-κB activation induced by both zymosan alone and heat-killed C. albicans was demonstrated in vitro using THP-1 cells, and in vivo using NF-κB reporter mice. Moreover, the immunomodulatory property of TCP-25 was further substantiated in vitro by analyzing cytokine responses in human blood stimulated with zymosan, and in vivo employing a zymosan-induced peritonitis model in C57BL/6 mice. The therapeutic potential of TCP-25 was demonstrated in mice infected with luminescent C. albicans. Finally, the binding between TCP-25 and zymosan was investigated using circular dichroism spectroscopy and intrinsic fluorescence analysis. Taken together, our results show that TCP-25 has a dual function by inhibiting Candida as well as the associated zymosan-induced inflammation. The latter function is accompanied by a change in secondary structure upon binding to zymosan. TCP-25, therefore, shows promise as a novel drug candidate against Candida infections.
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhang M, Cao M, Xiu Y, Fu Q, Yang N, Su B, Li C. Identification of Antimicrobial Peptide Genes in Black Rockfish Sebastes schlegelii and Their Responsive Mechanisms to Edwardsiella tarda Infection. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:1015. [PMID: 34681113 PMCID: PMC8533284 DOI: 10.3390/biology10101015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The black rockfish, Sebastes schlegelii, is a typical viviparous teleost, which belongs to the family Scorpaenidae. Due to its high economic and ecological values, S. schlegelii has been widely cultured in East Asian countries. With the enlargement of cultivation scale, bacterial and viral diseases have become the main threats to the farming industry of S. schlegelii, which have resulted in significant economic losses. In this study, Illumina shotgun sequencing, single-molecule real-time (SMRT) sequencing, 10× genomics and high-throughput chromosome conformation capture (Hi-C) technologies were collectively applied to assemble the genome of S. schlegelii. Then, we identified the antimicrobial peptide genes (AMPs) in the S. schlegelii genome. In total, 214 AMPs were identified in the S. schlegelii genome, which can be divided into 33 classes according to the annotation and cataloging of the Antimicrobial Peptides Database (APD3). Among these AMPs, thrombin-derived C-terminal peptide (TCP) was the dominant type, followed by RegIIIgamma and chemokine. The amino acid sequences of the TCP, cgUbiquitin, RegIIIalpha, RegIIIgamma, chemokine shared 32.55%, 42.63%, 29.87%, 28.09%, and 32.15% similarities among the same type in S. schlegelii. Meanwhile, the expression patterns of these AMPs in nine healthy tissues and at different infection time points in intestine were investigated. The results showed that the numbers and types of AMPs that responded to Edwardsiella tarda infection gradually increased as the infection progressed. In addition, we analyzed the phylogenetic relationships of hepcidins in teleost. The identification of AMPs based on the whole genome could provide a comprehensive database of potential AMPs, and benefit for the understanding of the molecular mechanisms of immune responses to E. tarda infection in S. schlegelii. This would further offer insights into an accurate and effective design and development of AMP for aquaculture therapy in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China; (M.Z.); (M.C.); (Y.X.); (Q.F.); (N.Y.)
| | - Min Cao
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China; (M.Z.); (M.C.); (Y.X.); (Q.F.); (N.Y.)
| | - Yunji Xiu
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China; (M.Z.); (M.C.); (Y.X.); (Q.F.); (N.Y.)
| | - Qiang Fu
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China; (M.Z.); (M.C.); (Y.X.); (Q.F.); (N.Y.)
| | - Ning Yang
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China; (M.Z.); (M.C.); (Y.X.); (Q.F.); (N.Y.)
| | - Baofeng Su
- School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA;
| | - Chao Li
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China; (M.Z.); (M.C.); (Y.X.); (Q.F.); (N.Y.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Strömdahl AC, Ignatowicz L, Petruk G, Butrym M, Wasserstrom S, Schmidtchen A, Puthia M. Peptide-coated polyurethane material reduces wound infection and inflammation. Acta Biomater 2021; 128:314-331. [PMID: 33951491 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.04.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
There is an urgent need for treatments that not only reduce bacterial infection that occurs during wounding but that also target the accompanying excessive inflammatory response. TCP-25, a thrombin-derived antibacterial peptide, scavenges toll-like receptor agonists such as endotoxins and lipoteichoic acid and prevents toll-like receptor-4 dimerization to reduce infection-related inflammation in vivo. Using a combination of biophysical, cellular, and microbiological assays followed by experimental studies in mouse and pig models, we show that TCP-25, when delivered from a polyurethane (PU) material, exerts anti-infective and anti-inflammatory effects in vitro and in vivo. Specifically, TCP-25 killed the common wound pathogens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus, in both in vitro and in vivo assays. Furthermore, after its release from the PU material, the peptide retained its capacity to induce its helical conformation upon endotoxin interaction, yielding reduced activation of NF-κB in THP-1 reporter cells, and diminished accumulation of inflammatory cells and subsequent release of IL-6 and TNF-α in subcutaneous implant models in vivo. Moreover, in a porcine partial thickness wound infection model, TCP-25 treated infection with S. aureus, and reduced the concomitant inflammatory response. Taken together, these findings demonstrate a combined antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effect of TCP-25 delivered from PU in vitro, and in mouse and porcine in vivo models of localized infection-inflammation. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Local wound infections may result in systemic complications and can be difficult to treat due to increasing antimicrobial resistance. Surgical site infections and biomaterial-related infections present a major challenge for hospitals. In recent years, various antimicrobial coatings have been developed for infection prevention and current concepts focus on various matrices with added anti-infective components, including various antibiotics and antiseptics. We have developed a dual action wound dressing concept where the host defense peptide TCP-25, when delivered from a PU material, targets both bacterial infection and the accompanying inflammation. TCP-25 PU showed efficacy in in vitro and experimental wound models in mouse and minipigs.
Collapse
|
10
|
Potent intracellular antibacterial activity of a marine peptide-N6NH 2 and its D-enantiomer against multidrug-resistant Aeromonas veronii. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:2351-2361. [PMID: 33635357 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11176-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Aeromonas veronii can cause a variety of diseases such as sepsis in humans and animals. However, there has been no effective way to eradicate A. veronii. In this study, the intracellular antibacterial activities of the C-terminal aminated marine peptide N6 (N6NH2) and its D-enantiomer (DN6NH2) against A. veronii were investigated in macrophages and in mice, respectively. The result showed that DN6NH2 with the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 1.62 μM is more resistant to cathepsin B than N6NH2 (3.23 μM). The penetration percentages of the cells treated with 4-200 μg/mL fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-DN6NH2 were 52.5-99.6%, higher than those of FITC-N6NH2 (27.0-99.1%). Both N6NH2 and DN6NH2 entered macrophages by macropinocytosis and an energy-dependent manner. DN6NH2 reduced intracellular A. veronii by 34.57%, superior to N6NH2 (19.52%). After treatment with 100 μg/mL DN6NH2, the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and IL-1β were reduced by 53.45%, 58.54%, and 44.62%, respectively, lower than those of N6NH2 (15.65%, 12.88%, and 14.10%, respectively); DN6NH2 increased the IL-10 level (42.94%), higher than N6NH2 (7.67%). In the mice peritonitis model, 5 μmol/kg DN6NH2 reduced intracellular A. veronii colonization by 73.22%, which was superior to N6NH2 (32.45%) or ciprofloxacin (45.67%). This suggests that DN6NH2 may be used as the candidate for treating intracellular multidrug-resistant (MDR) A. veronii. KEY POINTS: • DN6NH2 improved intracellular antibacterial activity against MDR A. veronii. • DN6NH2 entered macrophages by micropinocytosis and enhanced the internalization rates. • DN6NH2 effectively protected the mice from infection with A. veronii.
Collapse
|
11
|
Saravanan R, Choong YK, Lim CH, Lim LM, Petrlova J, Schmidtchen A. Cell-Free DNA Promotes Thrombin Autolysis and Generation of Thrombin-Derived C-Terminal Fragments. Front Immunol 2021; 12:593020. [PMID: 33717072 PMCID: PMC7943729 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.593020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) is the major structural component of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), an innate immune response to infection. Antimicrobial proteins and peptides bound to cfDNA play a critical role in the bactericidal property of NETs. Recent studies have shown that NETs have procoagulant activity, wherein cfDNA triggers thrombin generation through activation of the intrinsic pathway of coagulation. We have recently shown that thrombin binds to NETs in vitro and consequently can alter the proteome of NETs. However, the effect of NETs on thrombin is still unknown. In this study, we report that DNA binding leads to thrombin autolysis and generation of multiple thrombin-derived C-terminal peptides (TCPs) in vitro. Employing a 25-residue prototypic TCP, GKY25 (GKYGFYTHVFRLKKWIQKVIDQFGE), we show that TCPs bind NETs, thus conferring mutual protection against nuclease and protease degradation. Together, our results demonstrate the complex interplay between coagulation, NET formation, and thrombin cleavage and identify a previously undisclosed mechanism for formation of TCPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rathi Saravanan
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yeu Khai Choong
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chun Hwee Lim
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Interdisciplinary Graduate School, NTU Institute for Health Technologies, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Li Ming Lim
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jitka Petrlova
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Artur Schmidtchen
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Wound Healing Centre, Bispebjerg Hospital, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
de Oliveira Costa B, Franco OL. Cryptic Host Defense Peptides: Multifaceted Activity and Prospects for Medicinal Chemistry. Curr Top Med Chem 2021; 20:1274-1290. [PMID: 32209042 DOI: 10.2174/1568026620666200325112425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Host defense peptides (HDPs) comprise a heterogeneous group of evolutionarily conserved and biologically active small molecules that are produced by different organisms. HDPs are widely researched because they often have multiple biological activities, for example antimicrobial, immunomodulatory and anticancer activity. In this context, in this review we focus on cryptic HDPs, molecules derived specifically from proteolytic processing of endogenous precursor proteins. Here, we explore the biological activity of such molecules and we further discuss the development of optimized sequences based on these natural cryptic HDPs. In addition, we present clinical-phase studies of cryptic HDPs (natural or optimized), and point out the possible applicability of these molecules in medicinal chemistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bruna de Oliveira Costa
- S-inova Biotech, Graduate Program in Biotechnology, Universidade Catolica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Octávio Luiz Franco
- S-inova Biotech, Graduate Program in Biotechnology, Universidade Catolica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil.,Department of Genomic Sciences and Biotechnology, Center for Analysis of Proteomics and Biochemistry, Catholic University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil.,Department of Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Brasília, Brasília-DF, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Bosso A, Di Maro A, Cafaro V, Di Donato A, Notomista E, Pizzo E. Enzymes as a Reservoir of Host Defence Peptides. Curr Top Med Chem 2021; 20:1310-1323. [PMID: 32223733 DOI: 10.2174/1568026620666200327173815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Host defence peptides (HDPs) are powerful modulators of cellular responses to various types of insults caused by pathogen agents. To date, a wide range of HDPs, from species of different kingdoms including bacteria, plant and animal with extreme diversity in structure and biological activity, have been described. Apart from a limited number of peptides ribosomally synthesized, a large number of promising and multifunctional HDPs have been identified within protein precursors, with properties not necessarily related to innate immunity, consolidating the fascinating hypothesis that proteins have a second or even multiple biological mission in the form of one or more bio-active peptides. Among these precursors, enzymes constitute certainly an interesting group, because most of them are mainly globular and characterized by a fine specific internal structure closely related to their catalytic properties and also because they are yet little considered as potential HDP releasing proteins. In this regard, the main aim of the present review is to describe a panel of HDPs, identified in all canonical classes of enzymes, and to provide a detailed description on hydrolases and their corresponding HDPs, as there seems to exist a striking link between these structurally sophisticated catalysts and their high content in cationic and amphipathic cryptic peptides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Bosso
- Department of Biology, University of Naples 'Federico II', Naples, Italy
| | - Antimo Di Maro
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (DiSTABiF), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Caserta, Italy
| | - Valeria Cafaro
- Department of Biology, University of Naples 'Federico II', Naples, Italy
| | - Alberto Di Donato
- Department of Biology, University of Naples 'Federico II', Naples, Italy
| | - Eugenio Notomista
- Department of Biology, University of Naples 'Federico II', Naples, Italy
| | - Elio Pizzo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples 'Federico II', Naples, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Concentration- and pH-Dependent Oligomerization of the Thrombin-Derived C-Terminal Peptide TCP-25. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10111572. [PMID: 33228042 PMCID: PMC7699335 DOI: 10.3390/biom10111572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Peptide oligomerization dynamics affects peptide structure, activity, and pharmacodynamic properties. The thrombin C-terminal peptide, TCP-25 (GKYGFYTHVFRLKKWIQKVIDQFGE), is currently in preclinical development for improved wound healing and infection prevention. It exhibits turbidity when formulated at pH 7.4, particularly at concentrations of 0.3 mM or more. We used biochemical and biophysical approaches to explore whether the peptide self-associates and forms oligomers. The peptide showed a dose-dependent increase in turbidity as well as α-helical structure at pH 7.4, a phenomenon not observed at pH 5.0. By analyzing the intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence, we demonstrate that TCP-25 is more stable at high concentrations (0.3 mM) when exposed to high temperatures or a high concentration of denaturant agents, which is compatible with oligomer formation. The denaturation process was reversible above 100 µM of peptide. Dynamic light scattering demonstrated that TCP-25 oligomerization is sensitive to changes in pH, time, and temperature. Computational modeling with an active 18-mer region of TCP-25 showed that the peptide can form pH-dependent higher-order end-to-end oligomers and micelle-like structures, which is in agreement with the experimental data. Thus, TCP-25 exhibits pH- and temperature-dependent dynamic changes involving helical induction and reversible oligomerization, which explains the observed turbidity of the pharmacologically developed formulation.
Collapse
|
15
|
Petrlova J, Petruk G, Huber RG, McBurnie EW, van der Plas MJA, Bond PJ, Puthia M, Schmidtchen A. Thrombin-derived C-terminal fragments aggregate and scavenge bacteria and their proinflammatory products. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:3417-3430. [PMID: 32034093 PMCID: PMC7076200 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.012741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Thrombin-derived C-terminal peptides (TCPs), including a major 11-kDa fragment (TCP96), are produced through cleavage by human neutrophil elastase and aggregate lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and the Gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli. However, the physiological roles of TCP96 in controlling bacterial infections and reducing LPS-induced inflammation are unclear. Here, using various biophysical methods, in silico molecular modeling, microbiological and cellular assays, and animal models, we examined the structural features and functional roles of recombinant TCP96 (rTCP96) in the aggregation of multiple bacteria and the Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists they produce. We found that rTCP96 aggregates both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and their cell-wall components LPS, lipid A, and lipoteichoic acid (LTA). The Gram-negative bacteria E. coli and P. aeruginosa were particularly sensitive to aggregation-induced bacterial permeabilization and killing. As a proof of concept, we show that rTCP96 reduces LPS-induced NF-κB activation in human monocytes, as well as in mouse models of LPS-induced subcutaneous inflammation. Moreover, in a mouse model of subcutaneous inoculation with P. aeruginosa, rTCP96 reduced bacterial levels. Together, these results link TCP-mediated aggregation of endotoxins and bacteria in vitro to attenuation of inflammation and bacterial levels in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jitka Petrlova
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Lund University, Lund SE-22184, Sweden.
| | - Ganna Petruk
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Lund University, Lund SE-22184, Sweden
| | | | - Eilish W McBurnie
- Bioinformatics Institute (A*STAR), Singapore SG-138671; Department of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton UK-SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - Mariena J A van der Plas
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Lund University, Lund SE-22184, Sweden; Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark
| | - Peter J Bond
- Bioinformatics Institute (A*STAR), Singapore SG-138671; Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore SG-117558
| | - Manoj Puthia
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Lund University, Lund SE-22184, Sweden
| | - Artur Schmidtchen
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Lund University, Lund SE-22184, Sweden; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Copenhagen Wound Healing Center, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen DK-2400, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Puthia M, Butrym M, Petrlova J, Strömdahl AC, Andersson MÅ, Kjellström S, Schmidtchen A. A dual-action peptide-containing hydrogel targets wound infection and inflammation. Sci Transl Med 2020; 12:12/524/eaax6601. [DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aax6601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
There is a clinical need for improved wound treatments that prevent both infection and excessive inflammation. TCP-25, a thrombin-derived peptide, is antibacterial and scavenges pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), such as lipopolysaccharide, thereby preventing CD14 interaction and Toll-like receptor dimerization, leading to reduced downstream immune activation. Here, we describe the development of a hydrogel formulation that was functionalized with TCP-25 to target bacteria and associated PAMP-induced inflammation. In vitro studies determined the polymer prerequisites for such TCP-25–mediated dual action, favoring the use of noncharged hydrophilic hydrogels, which enabled peptide conformational changes and LPS binding. The TCP-25–functionalized hydrogels killed Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria in vitro, as well as in experimental mouse models of subcutaneous infection. The TCP-25 hydrogel also mediated reduction of LPS-induced local inflammatory responses, as demonstrated by analysis of local cytokine production and in vivo bioimaging using nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) reporter mice. In porcine partial thickness wound models, TCP-25 prevented infection with S. aureus and reduced concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines. Proteolytic fragmentation of TCP-25 in vitro yielded a series of bioactive TCP fragments that were identical or similar to those present in wounds in vivo. Together, the results demonstrate the therapeutic potential of TCP-25 hydrogel, a wound treatment based on the body’s peptide defense, for prevention of both bacterial infection and the accompanying inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Puthia
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, SE-22184 Lund, Sweden
| | - Marta Butrym
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, SE-22184 Lund, Sweden
| | - Jitka Petrlova
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, SE-22184 Lund, Sweden
| | - Ann-Charlotte Strömdahl
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, SE-22184 Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Sven Kjellström
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Center for Molecular Protein Science, Lund University, SE-22362 Lund, Sweden
| | - Artur Schmidtchen
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, SE-22184 Lund, Sweden
- Copenhagen Wound Healing Center, Bispebjerg Hospital, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2400 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Dermatology, Skåne University Hospital, SE-22185 Lund, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Rajasekaran G, Kumar SD, Yang S, Shin SY. The design of a cell-selective fowlicidin-1-derived peptide with both antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 182:111623. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
18
|
Holdbrook DA, Huber RG, Marzinek JK, Stubbusch A, Schmidtchen A, Bond PJ. Multiscale modeling of innate immune receptors: Endotoxin recognition and regulation by host defense peptides. Pharmacol Res 2019; 147:104372. [PMID: 31351116 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The innate immune system provides a first line of defense against foreign microorganisms, and is typified by the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family. TLR4 is of particular interest, since over-stimulation of its pathway by excess lipopolysaccharide (LPS) molecules from the outer membranes of Gram-negative bacteria can result in sepsis, which causes millions of deaths each year. In this review, we outline our use of molecular simulation approaches to gain a better understanding of the determinants of LPS recognition, towards the search for novel immunotherapeutics. We first describe how atomic-resolution simulations have enabled us to elucidate the regulatory conformational changes in TLR4 associated with different LPS analogues, and hence a means to rationalize experimental structure-activity data. Furthermore, multiscale modelling strategies have provided a detailed description of the thermodynamics and intermediate structures associated with the entire TLR4 relay - which consists of a number of transient receptor/coreceptor complexes - allowing us trace the pathway of LPS transfer from bacterial membranes to the terminal receptor complex at the plasma membrane surface. Finally, we describe our efforts to leverage these computational models, in order to elucidate previously undisclosed anti-inflammatory mechanisms of endogenous host-defense peptides found in wounds. Collectively, this work represents a promising avenue for the development of novel anti-septic treatments, inspired by nature's innate defense strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A Holdbrook
- Bioinformatics Institute, A⁎STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore
| | - Roland G Huber
- Bioinformatics Institute, A⁎STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore
| | - Jan K Marzinek
- Bioinformatics Institute, A⁎STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore
| | - Astrid Stubbusch
- Bioinformatics Institute, A⁎STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore
| | - Artur Schmidtchen
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Sweden; Copenhagen Wound Healing Center, Bispebjerg Hospital, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Dermatology, Skane University Hospital, Sweden
| | - Peter J Bond
- Bioinformatics Institute, A⁎STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore; Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Lysocins: Bioengineered Antimicrobials That Deliver Lysins across the Outer Membrane of Gram-Negative Bacteria. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2019; 63:AAC.00342-19. [PMID: 30962344 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00342-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa has stimulated development of alternative therapeutics. Bacteriophage peptidoglycan hydrolases, termed lysins, represent an emerging antimicrobial option for targeting Gram-positive bacteria. However, lysins against Gram-negatives are generally deterred by the outer membrane and their inability to work in serum. One solution involves exploiting evolved delivery systems used by colicin-like bacteriocins (e.g., S-type pyocins of P. aeruginosa) to translocate through the outer membrane. Following surface receptor binding, colicin-like bacteriocins form Tol- or TonB-dependent translocons to actively import bactericidal domains through outer membrane protein channels. With this understanding, we developed lysocins, which are bioengineered lysin-bacteriocin fusion molecules capable of periplasmic import. In our proof-of-concept studies, components from the P. aeruginosa bacteriocin pyocin S2 (PyS2) responsible for surface receptor binding and outer membrane translocation were fused to the GN4 lysin to generate the PyS2-GN4 lysocin. PyS2-GN4 delivered the GN4 lysin to the periplasm to induce peptidoglycan cleavage and log-fold killing of P. aeruginosa with minimal endotoxin release. While displaying narrow-spectrum antipseudomonal activity in human serum, PyS2-GN4 also efficiently disrupted biofilms, outperformed standard-of-care antibiotics, exhibited no cytotoxicity toward eukaryotic cells, and protected mice from P. aeruginosa challenge in a bacteremia model. In addition to targeting P. aeruginosa, lysocins can be constructed to target other prominent Gram-negative bacterial pathogens.
Collapse
|
20
|
Ganguly A, Sharma K, Majumder K. Food-derived bioactive peptides and their role in ameliorating hypertension and associated cardiovascular diseases. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2019; 89:165-207. [PMID: 31351525 DOI: 10.1016/bs.afnr.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Non-communicable diseases including cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and associated metabolic disorders are responsible for nearly 40 million deaths globally per year. Hypertension or high blood pressure (BP) is one of the primary reasons for the development of CVDs. A healthy nutritional strategy complementing with physical activity can substantially reduce high BP and prevent the occurrence of CVD-associated morbidity and mortality. Bioactive peptides currently are the next wave of the promising bench to clinic options for potential targeting chronic and acute health issues including hypertension. Peptides demonstrating anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and angiotensin-converting enzyme-I inhibitory activity are widely studied for the amelioration of hypertension and associated CVDs. Isolating these potent bioactive peptides from different food sources is a promising endeavor toward nutraceutical based dietary management and prevention of hypertension. Understanding the pathophysiology of hypertension and the action mechanisms of the bioactive peptides would complement in designing and characterizing more potent peptides and suitable comprehensive dietary plans for the prevention of hypertension and associated CVDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Advaita Ganguly
- Comprehensive Tissue Centre, UAH Transplant Services, Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Kumakshi Sharma
- Health, Safety and Environment Branch, National Research Council Canada, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Kaustav Majumder
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Golda A, Kosikowska-Adamus P, Babyak O, Lech M, Wysocka M, Lesner A, Potempa J, Koziel J. Conjugate of Enkephalin and Temporin Peptides as a Novel Therapeutic Agent for Sepsis. Bioconjug Chem 2018; 29:4127-4139. [PMID: 30525485 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.8b00763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) exhibit a wide spectrum of actions, ranging from a direct bactericidal effect to multifunctional activities as immune effector molecules. The aim of this study was to examine the anti-inflammatory properties of a DAL-PEG-DK5 conjugate composed of a lysine-rich derivative of amphibian temporin-1CEb (DK5) and dalargin (DAL), the synthetic Leu-enkephalin analogue. Detailed study of the endotoxin-neutralizing activity of the peptide revealed that DAL-PEG-DK5 interacts with LPS and the LPS binding protein (LBP). Moreover, DAL-PEG-DK5 prevented dimerization of TLR4 at the macrophage surface upon LPS stimulation. This inhibited activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway and markedly reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine production. Finally, we showed that aggregation of DAL-PEG-DK5 into amyloid-like structures induced by LPS neutralized the endotoxin proinflammatory activity. Consequently, DAL-PEG-DK5 reduced morbidity and mortality in vivo, in a mouse model of endotoxin-induced septic shock. Collectively, the data suggest that DAL-PEG-DK5 is a promising therapeutic compound for sepsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Golda
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology , Jagiellonian University , 30-387 Krakow , Poland
| | | | - O Babyak
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology , Jagiellonian University , 30-387 Krakow , Poland
| | - M Lech
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology , Jagiellonian University , 30-387 Krakow , Poland.,Department of Nephrology, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV , Klinikum der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München , 80366 Munich , Germany
| | - M Wysocka
- Faculty of Chemistry , University of Gdansk , 80-309 Gdansk , Poland
| | - A Lesner
- Faculty of Chemistry , University of Gdansk , 80-309 Gdansk , Poland
| | - J Potempa
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology , Jagiellonian University , 30-387 Krakow , Poland.,Center of Oral Health and Systemic Disease, University of Louisville School of Dentistry , University of Louisville , Louisville , Kentucky 40202 , United States
| | - J Koziel
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology , Jagiellonian University , 30-387 Krakow , Poland
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Influence of pH on the activity of thrombin-derived antimicrobial peptides. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2018; 1860:2374-2384. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2018.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 06/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
|
23
|
Ali MN, Kasetty G, Elvén M, Alyafei S, Jovic S, Egesten A, Herwald H, Schmidtchen A, Papareddy P. TFPI-2 Protects Against Gram-Negative Bacterial Infection. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2072. [PMID: 30254643 PMCID: PMC6141739 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue factor pathway inhibitor-2 (TFPI-2) has previously been characterized as an endogenous anticoagulant. TFPI-2 is expressed in the vast majority of cells, mainly secreted into the extracellular matrix. Recently we reported that EDC34, a C-terminal peptide derived from TFPI-2, exerts a broad antimicrobial activity. In the present study, we describe a previously unknown antimicrobial mode of action for the human TFPI-2 C-terminal peptide EDC34, mediated via binding to immunoglobulins of the classes IgG, IgA, IgE, and IgM. In particular the interaction of EDC34 with the Fc part of IgG is of importance since this boosts interaction between the immunoglobulin and complement factor C1q. Moreover, we find that the binding increases the C1q engagement of the antigen-antibody interaction, leading to enhanced activation of the classical complement pathway during bacterial infection. In experimental murine models of infection and endotoxin challenge, we show that TFPI-2 is up-regulated in several organs, including the lung. Correspondingly, TFPI-2−/− mice are more susceptible to pulmonary Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacterial infection. No anti-coagulant role of TFPI-2 was observed in these models in vivo. Furthermore, in vivo, the mouse TFPI-2-derived C-terminal peptide VKG24, a homolog to human EDC34 is protective against systemic Escherichia coli bacterial infection. Moreover, in sputum from cystic fibrosis patients TFPI-2 C-terminal fragments are generated and found associated with immunoglobulins. Together our data describe a previously unknown host defense mechanism and therapeutic importance of TFPI-2 against invading Gram-negative bacterial pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad N Ali
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Gopinath Kasetty
- Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Malin Elvén
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Saud Alyafei
- Division of Infection Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Sandra Jovic
- Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Arne Egesten
- Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Heiko Herwald
- Division of Infection Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Artur Schmidtchen
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Dermatology, LKCMedicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Copenhagen Wound Healing Center, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Praveen Papareddy
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Division of Infection Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
A Thermodynamic Funnel Drives Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide Transfer in the TLR4 Pathway. Structure 2018; 26:1151-1161.e4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2018.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Revised: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
25
|
Structural basis for endotoxin neutralisation and anti-inflammatory activity of thrombin-derived C-terminal peptides. Nat Commun 2018; 9:2762. [PMID: 30018388 PMCID: PMC6050251 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-05242-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Thrombin-derived C-terminal peptides (TCPs) of about 2 kDa are present in wounds, where they exert anti-endotoxic functions. Employing a combination of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), biophysical, mass spectrometry and cellular studies combined with in silico multiscale modelling, we here determine the bound conformation of HVF18 (HVFRLKKWIQKVIDQFGE), a TCP generated by neutrophil elastase, in complex with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and define a previously undisclosed interaction between TCPs and human CD14. Further, we show that TCPs bind to the LPS-binding hydrophobic pocket of CD14 and identify the peptide region crucial for TCP interaction with LPS and CD14. Taken together, our results demonstrate the role of structural transitions in LPS complex formation and CD14 interaction, providing a molecular explanation for the previously observed therapeutic effects of TCPs in experimental models of bacterial sepsis and endotoxin shock. Thrombin-derived C-terminal peptides (TCPs) have anti-endotoxic functions in wounds by binding to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and Gram-negative bacteria. Here authors use a spectrum of biophysical techniques to determine the conformation of a TCP in complex with LPS and define the interaction between TCPs and CD14.
Collapse
|
26
|
Iavarone F, Desiderio C, Vitali A, Messana I, Martelli C, Castagnola M, Cabras T. Cryptides: latent peptides everywhere. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 2018; 53:246-263. [PMID: 29564928 DOI: 10.1080/10409238.2018.1447543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Proteomic surveys with top-down platforms are today revealing thousands of naturally occurring fragments of bigger proteins. Some of them have not functional meaning because they derive from pathways responsible for protein degradation, but many have specific functions, often completely different from that one of the parent proteins. These peptides encrypted in the protein sequence are nowadays called cryptides. They are frequent in the animal and plant kingdoms and represent a new interesting -omic field of investigation. To point out how much widespread is their presence, we describe here the most studied cryptides from very common sources such as serum albumin, immunoglobulins, hemoglobin, and from saliva and milk proteins. Given its vastness, it is unfeasible to cover the topic exhaustively, therefore only several selected examples of cryptides from other sources are thereafter reported. Demanding is the development of new -omic platforms for the functional screening of new cryptides, which could provide suggestion for peptides and peptido-mimetics with variegate fields of application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Federica Iavarone
- a Istituto di Biochimica e Biochimica Clinica, Università Cattolica , Roma , Italy
| | - Claudia Desiderio
- b Istituto di Chimica del Riconoscimento Molecolare, CNR , Roma , Italy
| | - Alberto Vitali
- b Istituto di Chimica del Riconoscimento Molecolare, CNR , Roma , Italy
| | - Irene Messana
- b Istituto di Chimica del Riconoscimento Molecolare, CNR , Roma , Italy
| | - Claudia Martelli
- a Istituto di Biochimica e Biochimica Clinica, Università Cattolica , Roma , Italy
| | - Massimo Castagnola
- a Istituto di Biochimica e Biochimica Clinica, Università Cattolica , Roma , Italy.,b Istituto di Chimica del Riconoscimento Molecolare, CNR , Roma , Italy
| | - Tiziana Cabras
- c Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente , Università di Cagliari , Cagliari , Italy
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Lam PL, Lee KKH, Wong RSM, Cheng GYM, Bian ZX, Chui CH, Gambari R. Recent advances on topical antimicrobials for skin and soft tissue infections and their safety concerns. Crit Rev Microbiol 2018; 44:40-78. [PMID: 28423970 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2017.1313811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance of disease-related microorganisms is considered a worldwide prevalent and serious issue which increases the failure of treatment outcomes and leads to high mortality. Considering that the increased resistance to systemic antimicrobial therapy often needs of the use of more toxic agents, topical antimicrobial therapy emerges as an attractive route for the treatment of infectious diseases. The topical antimicrobial therapy is based on the absorption of high drug doses in a readily accessible skin surface, resulting in a reduction of microbial proliferation at infected skin sites. Topical antimicrobials retain the following features: (a) they are able to escape the enzymatic degradation and rapid clearance in the gastrointestinal tract or the first-pass metabolism during oral administration; (b) alleviate the physical discomfort related to intravenous injection; (c) reduce possible adverse effects and drug interactions of systemic administrations; (d) increase patient compliance and convenience; and (e) reduce the treatment costs. Novel antimicrobials for topical application have been widely exploited to control the emergence of drug-resistant microorganisms. This review provides a description of antimicrobial resistance, common microorganisms causing skin and soft tissue infections, topical delivery route of antimicrobials, safety concerns of topical antimicrobials, recent advances, challenges and future prospective in topical antimicrobial development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P L Lam
- a Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chirosciences , The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hong Kong , P.R. China
| | - K K H Lee
- b Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, School of Biomedical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong , P.R. China
| | - R S M Wong
- b Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, School of Biomedical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong , P.R. China
| | - G Y M Cheng
- c Faculty of Health Sciences , University of Macau , Macau , P.R. China
| | - Z X Bian
- d Clinical Division, School of Chinese Medicine , Hong Kong Baptist University , Hong Kong , P.R. China
| | - C H Chui
- a Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chirosciences , The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hong Kong , P.R. China
- d Clinical Division, School of Chinese Medicine , Hong Kong Baptist University , Hong Kong , P.R. China
| | - R Gambari
- e Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Centre of Biotechnology , University of Ferrara , Ferrara , Italy
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Delabranche X, Helms J, Meziani F. Immunohaemostasis: a new view on haemostasis during sepsis. Ann Intensive Care 2017; 7:117. [PMID: 29197958 PMCID: PMC5712298 DOI: 10.1186/s13613-017-0339-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Host infection by a micro-organism triggers systemic inflammation, innate immunity and complement pathways, but also haemostasis activation. The role of thrombin and fibrin generation in host defence is now recognised, and thrombin has become a partner for survival, while it was seen only as one of the "principal suspects" of multiple organ failure and death during septic shock. This review is first focused on pathophysiology. The role of contact activation system, polyphosphates and neutrophil extracellular traps has emerged, offering new potential therapeutic targets. Interestingly, newly recognised host defence peptides (HDPs), derived from thrombin and other "coagulation" factors, are potent inhibitors of bacterial growth. Inhibition of thrombin generation could promote bacterial growth, while HDPs could become novel therapeutic agents against pathogens when resistance to conventional therapies grows. In a second part, we focused on sepsis-induced coagulopathy diagnostic challenge and stratification from "adaptive" haemostasis to "noxious" disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) either thrombotic or haemorrhagic. Besides usual coagulation tests, we discussed cellular haemostasis assessment including neutrophil, platelet and endothelial cell activation. Then, we examined therapeutic opportunities to prevent or to reduce "excess" thrombin generation, while preserving "adaptive" haemostasis. The fail of international randomised trials involving anticoagulants during septic shock may modify the hypothesis considering the end of haemostasis as a target to improve survival. On the one hand, patients at low risk of mortality may not be treated to preserve "immunothrombosis" as a defence when, on the other hand, patients at high risk with patent excess thrombin and fibrin generation could benefit from available (antithrombin, soluble thrombomodulin) or ongoing (FXI and FXII inhibitors) therapies. We propose to better assess coagulation response during infection by an improved knowledge of pathophysiology and systematic testing including determination of DIC scores. This is one of the clues to allocate the right treatment for the right patient at the right moment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Delabranche
- Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Médecine & Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Service de Réanimation, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Strasbourg, France
- INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine (RNM), FMTS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Julie Helms
- Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Médecine & Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Service de Réanimation, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Strasbourg, France
- INSERM, EFS Grand Est, BPPS UMR-S 949, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Ferhat Meziani
- Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Médecine & Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Service de Réanimation, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Strasbourg, France
- INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine (RNM), FMTS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Proteolytic signatures define unique thrombin-derived peptides present in human wound fluid in vivo. Sci Rep 2017; 7:13136. [PMID: 29030565 PMCID: PMC5640616 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-13197-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The disease burden of failing skin repair and non-healing ulcers is extensive. There is an unmet need for new diagnostic approaches to better predict healing activity and wound infection. Uncontrolled and excessive protease activity, of endogenous or bacterial origin, has been described as a major contributor to wound healing impairments. Proteolytic peptide patterns could therefore correlate and “report” healing activity and infection. This work describes a proof of principle delineating a strategy by which peptides from a selected protein, human thrombin, are detected and attributed to proteolytic actions. With a particular focus on thrombin-derived C-terminal peptides (TCP), we show that distinct peptide patterns are generated in vitro by the human S1 peptidases human neutrophil elastase and cathepsin G, and the bacterial M4 peptidases Pseudomonas aeruginosa elastase and Staphylococcus aureus aureolysin, respectively. Corresponding peptide sequences were identified in wound fluids from acute and non-healing ulcers, and notably, one peptide, FYT21 (FYTHVFRLKKWIQKVIDQFGE), was only present in wound fluid from non-healing ulcers colonized by P. aeruginosa and S. aureus. Our result is a proof of principle pointing at the possibility of defining peptide biomarkers reporting distinct proteolytic activities, of potential implication for improved diagnosis of wound healing and infection.
Collapse
|
30
|
Thrombin-derived host defence peptide modulates neutrophil rolling and migration in vitro and functional response in vivo. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11201. [PMID: 28894159 PMCID: PMC5593972 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11464-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Host defence peptides (HDPs) derived from the C-terminus of thrombin are proteolytically generated by enzymes released during inflammation and wounding. In this work, we studied the effects of the prototypic peptide GKY25 (GKYGFYTHVFRLKKWIQKVIDQFGE), on neutrophil functions. In vitro, GKY25 was shown to decrease LPS-induced neutrophil activation. In addition, the peptide induced CD62L shedding on neutrophils without inducing their activation. Correspondingly, GKY25-treated neutrophils showed reduced attachment and rolling behaviour on surfaces coated with the CD62L ligand E-selectin. The GKY25-treated neutrophils also displayed a dampened chemotactic response against the chemokine IL-8. Furthermore, in vivo, mice treated with GKY25 exhibited a reduced local ROS response against LPS. Taken together, our results show that GKY25 can modulate neutrophil functions in vitro and in vivo.
Collapse
|
31
|
Hansen FC, Strömdahl AC, Mörgelin M, Schmidtchen A, van der Plas MJA. Thrombin-Derived Host-Defense Peptides Modulate Monocyte/Macrophage Inflammatory Responses to Gram-Negative Bacteria. Front Immunol 2017; 8:843. [PMID: 28785265 PMCID: PMC5519531 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Host-defense peptides play a fundamental role in the innate immune system by modulating inflammatory responses. Previously, it was shown that the thrombin derived host-defense peptide GKY25 inhibits LPS-induced responses of monocytes and macrophages in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo. In this study, the effect of GKY25 on the interaction of monocytes/macrophages with Gram-negative bacteria was explored. Electron microscopy analysis showed that fibrin slough from non-healing wounds, colonized with Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, contains C-terminal thrombin epitopes associated with these bacteria extracellularly and in phagosomes of leukocytes. Live imaging of RAW 264.7 cell cultures showed binding of GKY25 to Escherichia coli BioParticles extracellularly, and colocalization intracellularly. Although peptide binding did not alter the rate of phagocytosis, GKY25 reduced NF-κB/AP-1 activation and subsequent cytokine release in response to both heat-killed and live bacteria. Notably, preincubation of RAW 264.7 cells with peptide did increase BioParticle uptake in a dose-dependent manner. Taken together, the thrombin-derived host-defense peptide GKY25 binds to bacteria extracellularly and colocalizes with bacteria intracellularly, thereby reducing pro-inflammatory responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Finja C Hansen
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ann-Charlotte Strömdahl
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Matthias Mörgelin
- Division of Infection Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Artur Schmidtchen
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Dermatology and Venereology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.,Dermatology, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mariena J A van der Plas
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Petrlova J, Hansen FC, van der Plas MJA, Huber RG, Mörgelin M, Malmsten M, Bond PJ, Schmidtchen A. Aggregation of thrombin-derived C-terminal fragments as a previously undisclosed host defense mechanism. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:E4213-E4222. [PMID: 28473418 PMCID: PMC5448181 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1619609114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Effective control of endotoxins and bacteria is crucial for normal wound healing. During injury, the key enzyme thrombin is formed, leading to generation of fibrin. Here, we show that human neutrophil elastase cleaves thrombin, generating 11-kDa thrombin-derived C-terminal peptides (TCPs), which bind to and form amorphous amyloid-like aggregates with both bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and gram-negative bacteria. In silico molecular modeling using atomic resolution and coarse-grained simulations corroborates our experimental observations, altogether indicating increased aggregation through LPS-mediated intermolecular contacts between clusters of TCP molecules. Upon bacterial aggregation, recombinantly produced TCPs induce permeabilization of Escherichia coli and phagocytic uptake. TCPs of about 11 kDa are present in acute wound fluids as well as in fibrin sloughs from patients with infected wounds. We noted aggregation and colocalization of LPS with TCPs in such fibrin material, which indicates the presence of TCP-LPS aggregates under physiological conditions. Apart from identifying a function of proteolyzed thrombin and its fragments, our findings provide an interesting link between the coagulation system, innate immunity, LPS scavenging, and protein aggregation/amyloid formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jitka Petrlova
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, SE-221 84 Lund, Sweden;
| | - Finja C Hansen
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, SE-221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Mariena J A van der Plas
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, SE-221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Matthias Mörgelin
- Division of Infection Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, SE-221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Martin Malmsten
- Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, SE-75123 Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter J Bond
- Bioinformatics Institute (A*STAR), 138671 Singapore
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 117543 Singapore
| | - Artur Schmidtchen
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, SE-221 84 Lund, Sweden
- Dermatology, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 636921 Singapore
- Dermatology, Skane University Hospital, SE-22185 Lund, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Killing of Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella enteritidis and neutralization of lipopolysaccharide by 17-residue bovine lactoferricins: improved activity of Trp/Ala-containing molecules. Sci Rep 2017; 7:44278. [PMID: 28287172 PMCID: PMC5347165 DOI: 10.1038/srep44278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Bovine lactoferricin (LfcinB) has potent antibacterial, antifungal and antiparasitic activities but is also hemolytic. Our objective was to identify LfcinB17-31 derivatives with reduced hemolysis and improved antimicrobial activity via substituting Cys3, Arg4, Gln7, Met10, and Gly14 with more hydrophobic residues. Two peptides, Lfcin4 and Lfcin5, showed higher activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella enteritidis and lower hemolytic activity than the parent peptide LfcinB17-31. These peptides permeabilized the outer and inner membranes of S. enteritidis; however, Lfcin5 did not permeabilize the inner membrane of S. aureus. Gel retardation and circular dichroism spectra showed that Lfcin4 and Lfcin5 bound to bacterial genomic DNA. Lfcin4 inhibited DNA, RNA and protein synthesis. Both peptides induced the peeling of membranes and the lysis of S. enteritidis. At doses of 10 and 15 mg/kg, Lfcin4 and Lfcin5 reduced the bacterial counts in infected thigh muscles by 0.03‒0.10 and 0.05‒0.63 log10 CFU/g of tissue, respectively, within 10 h. Lfcin4 and Lfcin5 enhanced the survival rate of endotoxemic mice; reduced serum IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α levels; and protected mice from lipopolysaccharide-induced lung injury. These data suggest that Lfcin4 and Lfcin5 may be antimicrobial and anti-endotoxin peptides that could serve as the basis for the development of dual-function agents.
Collapse
|
34
|
Montagner G, Bezzerri V, Cabrini G, Fabbri E, Borgatti M, Lampronti I, Finotti A, Nielsen PE, Gambari R. An antisense peptide nucleic acid against Pseudomonas aeruginosa inhibiting bacterial-induced inflammatory responses in the cystic fibrosis IB3-1 cellular model system. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 99:492-498. [PMID: 28167114 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Revised: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Discovery of novel antimicrobial agents against Pseudomonas aeruginosa able to inhibit bacterial growth as well as the resulting inflammatory response is a key goal in cystic fibrosis research. We report in this paper that a peptide nucleic acid (PNA3969) targeting the translation initiation region of the essential acpP gene of P. aeruginosa, and previously shown to inhibit bacterial growth, concomitantly also strongly inhibits induced up-regulation of the pro-inflammatory markers IL-8, IL-6, G-CSF, IFN-γ, IP-10, MCP-1 and TNF-α in IB3-1 cystic fibrosis cells infected by P. aeruginosa PAO1. Remarkably, no effect on PAO1 induction of VEGF, GM-CSF and IL-17 was observed. Analogous experiments using a two base mis-match control PNA did not show such inhibition. Furthermore, no significant effects of the PNAs were seen on cell growth, apoptosis or secretome profile in uninfected IB3-1 cells (with the exception of a PNA-mediated up-regulation of PDGF, IL-17 and GM-CSF). Thus, we conclude that in cell culture an antimicrobial PNA against P. aeruginosa can inhibit the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines otherwise induced by the infection. In particular, the effects of PNA-3969 on IL-8 gene expression are significant considering the key role of this protein in the cystic fibrosis inflammatory process exacerbated by P. aeruginosa infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Valentino Bezzerri
- Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University Hospital of Verona, Italy
| | - Giulio Cabrini
- Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University Hospital of Verona, Italy
| | - Enrica Fabbri
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Monica Borgatti
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Ferrara, Italy
| | | | - Alessia Finotti
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Peter E Nielsen
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine & Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Roberto Gambari
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Ferrara, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Vertebrate TFPI-2 C-terminal peptides exert therapeutic applications against Gram-negative infections. BMC Microbiol 2016; 16:129. [PMID: 27349742 PMCID: PMC4924314 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-016-0750-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tissue factor pathway inhibitor-2 (TFPI-2) is a serine protease inhibitor that exerts multiple physiological and patho-physiological activities involving the modulation of coagulation, angiogenesis, tumor invasion, and apoptosis. In previous studies we reported a novel role of human TFPI-2 in innate immunity by serving as a precursor for host defense peptides. Here we employed a number of TFPI-2 derived peptides from different vertebrate species and found that their antibacterial activity is evolutionary conserved although the amino acid sequence is not well conserved. We further studied the theraputic potential of one selected TFPI-2 derived peptide (mouse) in a murine sepsis model. RESULTS Hydrophobicity and net charge of many peptides play a important role in their host defence to invading bacterial pathogens. In vertebrates, the C-terminal portion of TFPI-2 consists of a highly conserved cluster of positively charged amino acids which may point to an antimicrobial activity. Thus a number of selected C-terminal TFPI-2 derived peptides from different species were synthesized and it was found that all of them exert antimicrobial activity against E. coli and P. aeruginosa. The peptide-mediated killing of E. coli was enhanced in human plasma, suggesting an involvement of the classical pathway of the complement. Under in vitro conditions the peptides displayed anti-coagulant activity by modulating the intrinsic pathway of coagulation and in vivo treatment with the mouse derived VKG24 peptide protects mice from an otherwise lethal LPS shock model. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that the evolutionary conserved C-terminal part of TFPI-2 is an interesting agent for the development of novel antimicrobial therapies.
Collapse
|
36
|
van der Plas MJA, Bhongir RKV, Kjellström S, Siller H, Kasetty G, Mörgelin M, Schmidtchen A. Pseudomonas aeruginosa elastase cleaves a C-terminal peptide from human thrombin that inhibits host inflammatory responses. Nat Commun 2016; 7:11567. [PMID: 27181065 PMCID: PMC4873665 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms11567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen known for its immune evasive abilities amongst others by degradation of a large variety of host proteins. Here we show that digestion of thrombin by P. aeruginosa elastase leads to the release of the C-terminal thrombin-derived peptide FYT21, which inhibits pro-inflammatory responses to several pathogen-associated molecular patterns in vitro and in vivo by preventing toll-like receptor dimerization and subsequent activation of down-stream signalling pathways. Thus, P. aeruginosa 'hijacks' an endogenous anti-inflammatory peptide-based mechanism, thereby enabling modulation and circumvention of host responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariena J A van der Plas
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, BMC, Tornavägen 10, Lund SE-22184, Sweden
| | - Ravi K V Bhongir
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, BMC, Tornavägen 10, Lund SE-22184, Sweden
| | - Sven Kjellström
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Center for Molecular Protein Science, Lund University, PO Box 124, Lund SE-22362, Sweden
| | - Helena Siller
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, BMC, Tornavägen 10, Lund SE-22184, Sweden
| | - Gopinath Kasetty
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, BMC, Tornavägen 10, Lund SE-22184, Sweden
| | - Matthias Mörgelin
- Division of Infection Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, BMC, Tornavägen 10, Lund SE-22184, Sweden
| | - Artur Schmidtchen
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, BMC, Tornavägen 10, Lund SE-22184, Sweden.,Dermatology and Venereology, Skane University Hospital, Lasarettsgatan 15, Lund SE-22185, Sweden.,Dermatology, LKCMedicine, Nanyang Technological University, 59 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 636921, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Papareddy P, Kasetty G, Kalle M, Bhongir RKV, Mörgelin M, Schmidtchen A, Malmsten M. NLF20: an antimicrobial peptide with therapeutic potential against invasivePseudomonas aeruginosainfection. J Antimicrob Chemother 2015; 71:170-80. [DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkv322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
|
38
|
Plotkowski MC, Estato V, Santos SA, da Silva MCA, Miranda AS, de Miranda PE, Pinho V, Tibiriça E, Morandi V, Teixeira MM, Vianna A, Saliba AM. Contribution of the platelet activating factor signaling pathway to cerebral microcirculatory dysfunction during experimental sepsis by ExoU producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Pathog Dis 2015; 73:ftv046. [PMID: 26187894 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftv046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Intravital microscopy was used to assess the involvement of ExoU, a Pseudomonas aeruginosa cytotoxin with phospholipase A2 activity, in dysfunction of cerebral microcirculation during experimental pneumosepsis. Cortical vessels from mice intratracheally infected with low density of the ExoU-producing PA103 P. aeruginosa strain exhibited increased leukocyte rolling and adhesion to venule endothelium, decreased capillar density and impaired arteriolar response to vasoactive acetylcholine. These phenomena were mediated by the platelet activating factor receptor (PAFR) pathway because they were reversed in mice treated with a PAFR antagonist prior to infection. Brains from PA103-infected animals exhibited a perivascular inflammatory infiltration that was not detected in animals infected with an exoU deficient mutant or in mice treated with the PAFR antagonist and infected with the wild type bacteria. No effect on brain capillary density was detected in mice infected with the PAO1 P. aeruginosa strain, which do not produce ExoU. Finally, after PA103 infection, mice with a targeted deletion of the PAFR gene exhibited higher brain capillary density and lower leukocyte adhesion to venule endothelium, as well as lower increase of systemic inflammatory cytokines, when compared to wild-type mice. Altogether, our results establish a role for PAFR in mediating ExoU-induced cerebral microvascular failure in a murine model of sepsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Cristina Plotkowski
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, 20551-30 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Estato
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Investigation, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Rio de Janeiro, 21045-900, Brazil
| | - Sabrina Alves Santos
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, 20551-30 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Aline Silva Miranda
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Pedro Elias de Miranda
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Pinho
- Department of Morphology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Tibiriça
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Investigation, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Rio de Janeiro, 21045-900, Brazil
| | - Verônica Morandi
- Department of Cell Biology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 20550-013, Brazil
| | - Mauro Martins Teixeira
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Albanita Vianna
- Department of Pathology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 22551-030, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Mattos Saliba
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, 20551-30 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Hansen FC, Kalle-Brune M, van der Plas MJA, Strömdahl AC, Malmsten M, Mörgelin M, Schmidtchen A. The Thrombin-Derived Host Defense Peptide GKY25 Inhibits Endotoxin-Induced Responses through Interactions with Lipopolysaccharide and Macrophages/Monocytes. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 194:5397-406. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1403009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
|
40
|
Anti-endotoxic and antibacterial effects of a dermal substitute coated with host defense peptides. Biomaterials 2015; 53:415-25. [PMID: 25890739 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.02.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Revised: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Biomaterials used during surgery and wound treatment are of increasing importance in modern medical care. In the present study we set out to evaluate the addition of thrombin-derived host defense peptides to human acellular dermis (hAD, i.e. epiflex(®)). Antimicrobial activity of the functionalized hAD was demonstrated using radial diffusion and viable count assays against Gram-negative Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. Electron microscopy analyses showed that peptide-mediated bacterial killing led to reduced hAD degradation. Furthermore, peptide-functionalized hAD displayed endotoxin-binding activity in vitro, as evidenced by inhibition of NF-κB activation in human monocytic cells (THP-1 cells) and a reduction of pro-inflammatory cytokine production in whole blood in response to lipopolysaccharide stimulation. The dermal substitute retained its anti-endotoxic activity after washing, compatible with results showing that the hAD bound a significant amount of peptide. Furthermore, bacteria-induced contact activation was inhibited by peptide addition to the hAD. E. coli infected hAD, alone, or after treatment with the antiseptic substance polyhexamethylenebiguanide (PHMB), yielded NF-κB activation in THP-1 cells. The activation was abrogated by peptide addition. Thus, thrombin-derived HDPs should be of interest in the further development of new biomaterials with combined antimicrobial and anti-endotoxic functions for use in surgery and wound treatment.
Collapse
|
41
|
Merza M, Rahman M, Zhang S, Hwaiz R, Regner S, Schmidtchen A, Thorlacius H. Human thrombin-derived host defense peptides inhibit neutrophil recruitment and tissue injury in severe acute pancreatitis. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2014; 307:G914-21. [PMID: 25214403 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00237.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Severe acute pancreatitis (AP) is characterized by leukocyte infiltration and tissue injury. Herein, we wanted to examine the potential effects of thrombin-derived host defense peptides (TDPs) in severe AP. Pancreatitis was provoked by infusion of taurocholate into the pancreatic duct or by intraperitoneal administration of l-arginine in C57BL/6 mice. Animals were treated with the TDPs GKY20 and GKY25 or a control peptide WFF25 30 min before induction of AP. TDPs reduced blood amylase levels, neutrophil infiltration, hemorrhage, necrosis, and edema formation in the inflamed pancreas. Treatment with TDPs markedly attenuated the taurocholate-induced increase in plasma levels of CXCL2 and interleukin-6. Moreover, administration of TDPs decreased histone 3, histone 4, and myeloperoxidase levels in the pancreas in response to taurocholate challenge. Interestingly, administration of TDPs abolished neutrophil expression of Mac-1 in mice with pancreatitis. In addition, TDPs inhibited CXCL2-induced chemotaxis of isolated neutrophils in vitro. Fluorescent-labeled TDP was found to directly bind to isolated neutrophils. Finally, a beneficial effect of TDPs was confirmed in l-arginine-induced pancreatitis. Our novel results demonstrate that TDPs exert protective effects against pathological inflammation and tissue damage in AP. These findings suggest that TDPs might be useful in the management of patients with severe AP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Merza
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Section of Surgery, Malmö, Lund University, Sweden
| | - Milladur Rahman
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Section of Surgery, Malmö, Lund University, Sweden
| | - Songen Zhang
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Section of Surgery, Malmö, Lund University, Sweden
| | - Rundk Hwaiz
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Section of Surgery, Malmö, Lund University, Sweden
| | - Sara Regner
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Section of Surgery, Malmö, Lund University, Sweden
| | - Artur Schmidtchen
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Section of Dermatology and Venereology, Lund, Lund University, Sweden; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Henrik Thorlacius
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Section of Surgery, Malmö, Lund University, Sweden;
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Herter JM, Rossaint J, Zarbock A. Platelets in inflammation and immunity. J Thromb Haemost 2014; 12:1764-75. [PMID: 25224706 DOI: 10.1111/jth.12730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2014] [Accepted: 09/01/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The paradigm of platelets as mere mediators of hemostasis has long since been replaced by a dual role: hemostasis and inflammation. Now recognized as key players in innate and adaptive immune responses, platelets have the capacity to interact with almost all known immune cells. These platelet-immune cell interactions represent a hallmark of immunity, as they can potently enhance immune cell functions and, in some cases, even constitute a prerequisite for host defense mechanisms such as NETosis. In addition, recent studies have revealed a new role for platelets in immunity: They are ubiquitous sentinels and rapid first-line immune responders, as platelet-pathogen interactions within the vasculature appear to precede all other host defense mechanisms. Here, we discuss recent advances in our understanding of platelets as inflammatory cells, and provide an exemplary review of their role in acute inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J M Herter
- Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Bezzerri V, Avitabile C, Dechecchi MC, Lampronti I, Borgatti M, Montagner G, Cabrini G, Gambari R, Romanelli A. Antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activity of a temporin B peptide analogue on an in vitro model of cystic fibrosis. J Pept Sci 2014; 20:822-30. [PMID: 25201563 DOI: 10.1002/psc.2674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Revised: 06/03/2014] [Accepted: 06/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Natural peptides with antimicrobial properties are deeply investigated as tools to fight bacteria resistant to common antibiotics. Small peptides, as those belonging to the temporin family, are very attractive because their activity can easily be tuned after small modification to their primary sequence. Structure-activity studies previously reported by us allowed the identification of one peptide, analogue of temporin B, TB_KKG6A, showing, unlike temporin B, antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. In this paper, we investigated the antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activity of the peptide TB_KKG6A against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Interestingly, we found that the peptide exhibits antimicrobial activity at low concentrations, being able to downregulate the pro-inflammatory chemokines and cytokines interleukin (IL)-8, IL-1β, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α produced downstream infected human bronchial epithelial cells. Experiments were carried out also with temporin B, which was found to show pro-inflammatory activity. Details on the interaction between TB_KKG6A and the P. aeruginosa LPS were obtained by circular dichroism and fluorescence studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valentino Bezzerri
- Dipartimento di Patologia e Diagnostica, Università di Verona, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Kalle M, Papareddy P, Kasetty G, van der Plas MJA, Mörgelin M, Malmsten M, Schmidtchen A. A peptide of heparin cofactor II inhibits endotoxin-mediated shock and invasive Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. PLoS One 2014; 9:e102577. [PMID: 25047075 PMCID: PMC4105479 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0102577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2014] [Accepted: 06/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis and septic shock remain important medical problems with high mortality rates. Today's treatment is based mainly on using antibiotics to target the bacteria, without addressing the systemic inflammatory response, which is a major contributor to mortality in sepsis. Therefore, novel treatment options are urgently needed to counteract these complex sepsis pathologies. Heparin cofactor II (HCII) has recently been shown to be protective against Gram-negative infections. The antimicrobial effects were mapped to helices A and D of the molecule. Here we show that KYE28, a 28 amino acid long peptide representing helix D of HCII, is antimicrobial against the Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus, as well as the fungus Candida albicans. Moreover, KYE28 binds to LPS and thereby reduces LPS-induced pro-inflammatory responses by decreasing NF-κB/AP-1 activation in vitro. In mouse models of LPS-induced shock, KYE28 significantly enhanced survival by dampening the pro-inflammatory cytokine response. Finally, in an invasive Pseudomonas infection model, the peptide inhibited bacterial growth and reduced the pro-inflammatory response, which lead to a significant reduction of mortality. In summary, the peptide KYE28, by simultaneously targeting bacteria and LPS-induced pro-inflammatory responses represents a novel therapeutic candidate for invasive infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martina Kalle
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Biomedical Center, Lund, Sweden
- * E-mail:
| | - Praveen Papareddy
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Biomedical Center, Lund, Sweden
| | - Gopinath Kasetty
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Biomedical Center, Lund, Sweden
| | - Mariena J. A. van der Plas
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Biomedical Center, Lund, Sweden
| | - Matthias Mörgelin
- Division of Infection Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Biomedical Center, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Artur Schmidtchen
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Biomedical Center, Lund, Sweden
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Stöllberger C, Bonner E, Finsterer J. Enterococcus faecalis bacteremia and mitral valve endocarditis under dabigatran for stroke prevention. Int J Cardiol 2014; 174:836-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2014.04.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2014] [Accepted: 04/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
46
|
An antimicrobial helix A-derived peptide of heparin cofactor II blocks endotoxin responses in vivo. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2014; 1838:1225-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2014.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Revised: 01/22/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
47
|
van der Poll T, Herwald H. The coagulation system and its function in early immune defense. Thromb Haemost 2014; 112:640-8. [PMID: 24696161 DOI: 10.1160/th14-01-0053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2014] [Accepted: 02/18/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Blood coagulation has a Janus-faced role in infectious diseases. When systemically activated, it can cause serious complications associated with high morbidity and mortality. However, coagulation is also part of the innate immune system and its local activation has been found to play an important role in the early host response to infection. Though the latter aspect has been less investigated, phylogenetic studies have shown that many factors involved in coagulation have ancestral origins which are often combined with anti-microbial features. This review gives a general overview about the most recent advances in this area of research also referred to as immunothrombosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Heiko Herwald
- Heiko Herwald, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund, Division of Infection Medicine, BMC B14, Lund University, Tornavägen 10, SE-221 84 Lund, Sweden, Tel.: +46 46 2224182, Fax: +46 46 157756, E-mail
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
López-Abarrategui C, Del Monte-Martínez A, Reyes-Acosta O, Franco OL, Otero-González AJ. LPS inmobilization on porous and non-porous supports as an approach for the isolation of anti-LPS host-defense peptides. Front Microbiol 2013; 4:389. [PMID: 24409171 PMCID: PMC3865429 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2013.00389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2013] [Accepted: 11/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) are the major molecular component of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. This molecule is recognized as a sign of bacterial infection, responsible for the development of local inflammatory response and, in extreme cases, septic shock. Unfortunately, despite substantial advances in the pathophysiology of sepsis, there is no efficacious therapy against this syndrome yet. As a consequence, septic shock syndrome continues to increase, reaching mortality rates over 50% in some cases. Even though many preclinical studies and clinical trials have been conducted, there is no Food and Drug Administration-approved drug yet that interacts directly against LPS. Cationic host-defense peptides (HDPs) could be an alternative solution since they possess both antimicrobial and antiseptic properties. HDPs are small, positively charged peptides which are evolutionarily conserved components of the innate immune response. In fact, binding to diverse chemotypes of LPS and inhibition of LPS-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines from macrophages have been demonstrated for different HDPs. Curiously, none of them have been isolated by their affinity to LPS. A diversity of supports could be useful for such biological interaction and suitable for isolating HDPs that recognize LPS. This approach could expand the rational search for anti-LPS HDPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Octavio L Franco
- Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília Brasília, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Papareddy P, Kalle M, Sørensen OE, Malmsten M, Mörgelin M, Schmidtchen A. The TFPI-2 derived peptide EDC34 improves outcome of gram-negative sepsis. PLoS Pathog 2013; 9:e1003803. [PMID: 24339780 PMCID: PMC3855554 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1003803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2013] [Accepted: 10/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is characterized by a dysregulated host-pathogen response, leading to high cytokine levels, excessive coagulation and failure to eradicate invasive bacteria. Novel therapeutic strategies that address crucial pathogenetic steps during infection are urgently needed. Here, we describe novel bioactive roles and therapeutic anti-infective potential of the peptide EDC34, derived from the C-terminus of tissue factor pathway inhibitor-2 (TFPI-2). This peptide exerted direct bactericidal effects and boosted activation of the classical complement pathway including formation of antimicrobial C3a, but inhibited bacteria-induced activation of the contact system. Correspondingly, in mouse models of severe Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection, treatment with EDC34 reduced bacterial levels and lung damage. In combination with the antibiotic ceftazidime, the peptide significantly prolonged survival and reduced mortality in mice. The peptide's boosting effect on bacterial clearance paired with its inhibiting effect on excessive coagulation makes it a promising therapeutic candidate for invasive Gram-negative infections. Bacterial infections, especially sepsis, are worldwide a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Sepsis is characterized by an excessive and uncontrolled immune and coagulation response caused by bacteria and bacterial products, which eventually leads to multiple organ failure. Despite supportive treatments and administration of antibiotics, the incidence of sepsis is rising. Development of antibiotic resistance among bacteria, and the inability of antibiotics to target dysregulated host responses during severe infections and sepsis, motivates the search for novel anti-infective treatment modalities. Here, we describe a therapeutic potential of the peptide EDC34, derived from the C-terminus of tissue factor pathway inhibitor-2 (TFPI-2). The peptide's boosting effect on bacterial clearance paired with its inhibiting effect on excessive coagulation makes it a promising therapeutic candidate for invasive Gram-negative infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Praveen Papareddy
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Biomedical Center, Lund, Sweden
- * E-mail:
| | - Martina Kalle
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Biomedical Center, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ole E. Sørensen
- Division of Infection Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Biomedical Center, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Matthias Mörgelin
- Division of Infection Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Biomedical Center, Lund, Sweden
| | - Artur Schmidtchen
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Biomedical Center, Lund, Sweden
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|