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Gao Y, Han S, Lu F, Liu Q, Yang J, Wang W, Wang Y, Zhang J, Ju R, Shen X, Zhao Y, Wang H, Tan W, Wang L. Dimethyl-Dioctadecyl-Ammonium Bromide/Poly(lactic acid) Nanoadjuvant Enhances the Immunity and Cross-Protection of an NM2e-Based Universal Influenza Vaccine. ACS NANO 2024; 18:12905-12916. [PMID: 38721835 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c00668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
For most frequent respiratory viruses, there is an urgent need for a universal influenza vaccine to provide cross-protection against intra- and heterosubtypes. We previously developed an Escherichia coli fusion protein expressed extracellular domain of matrix 2 (M2e) and nucleoprotein, named NM2e, and then combined it with an aluminum adjuvant, forming a universal vaccine. Although NM2e has demonstrated a protective effect against the influenza virus in mice to some extent, further improvement is still needed for the induction of immune responses ensuring adequate cross-protection against influenza. Herein, we fabricated a cationic solid lipid nanoadjuvant using poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and dimethyl-dioctadecyl-ammonium bromide (DDAB) and loaded NM2e to generate an NM2e@DDAB/PLA nanovaccine (Nv). In vitro experiments suggested that bone marrow-derived dendritic cells incubated with Nv exhibited ∼4-fold higher antigen (Ag) uptake than NM2e at 16 h along with efficient activation by NM2e@DDAB/PLA Nv. In vivo experiments revealed that Ag of the Nv group stayed in lymph nodes (LNs) for more than 14 days after initial immunization and DCs in LNs were evidently activated and matured. Furthermore, the Nv primed T and B cells for robust humoral and cellular immune responses after immunization. It also induced a ratio of IgG2a/IgG1 higher than that of NM2e to a considerable extent. Moreover, NM2e@DDAB/PLA Nv quickly restored body weight and improved survival of homo- and heterosubtype influenza challenged mice, and the cross-protection efficiency was over 90%. Collectively, our study demonstrated that NM2e@DDAB/PLA Nv could offer notable protection against homo- and heterosubtype influenza virus challenges, offering the potential for the development of a universal influenza vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Utilization of Forestry-Based Active Substances, College of Chemistry, Chemistry Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Shulan Han
- Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P.R. China
| | - Funa Lu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P.R. China
- Basic Medical College, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010010, P.R. China
| | - Qi Liu
- School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Beijing Economic-Technological Development Area (BDA), Beijing Tide Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, No.8 East Rongjing Street, Beijing 100176, China
| | - Wenling Wang
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, P.R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing 102617, P.R. China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Ruijun Ju
- Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing 102617, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoling Shen
- Basic Medical College, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010010, P.R. China
| | - Yanping Zhao
- Beijing Economic-Technological Development Area (BDA), Beijing Tide Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, No.8 East Rongjing Street, Beijing 100176, China
| | - Hongjun Wang
- Beijing Economic-Technological Development Area (BDA), Beijing Tide Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, No.8 East Rongjing Street, Beijing 100176, China
| | - Wenjie Tan
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, P.R. China
| | - Lianyan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
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Yang H, Gao Y, Liu M, Ma J, Lu Q. Process Optimization of Scaled-Up Production and Biosafety Evaluation of the Dimethyl-Dioctadecyl-Ammonium Bromide/Poly(lactic acid) Nano-Vaccine. J Funct Biomater 2024; 15:127. [PMID: 38786638 PMCID: PMC11122170 DOI: 10.3390/jfb15050127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Nano-adjuvant vaccines could induce immune responses and enhance immunogenicity. However, the application and manufacturing of nano-adjuvant is hampered by its challenging scale-up, poor reproducibility, and low security. Therefore, the present study aimed to optimize the preparation nanoparticles (NPs) using FDA-approved biopolymer materials poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and cationic lipid didodecyl-dimethyl-ammonium bromide (DDAB), develop the scale-up process, and evaluate the stability and biosafety of it. The optimum preparation conditions of DDAB/PLA NPs on a small scale were as follows: DDAB amount of 30 mg, aqueous phase volume of 90 mL, stirring rate at 550 rpm, and solidifying time of 12 h. Under the optimum conditions, the size of the NPs was about 170 nm. In scale-up preparation experiments, the vacuum rotary evaporation of 6 h and the Tangential flow ultrafiltration (TFU) method were the optimum conditions. The results suggested that DDAB/PLA NPs exhibited a uniform particle size distribution, with an average size of 150.3 ± 10.4 nm and a narrow polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.090 ± 0.13, coupled with a high antigen loading capacity of 85.4 ± 4.0%. In addition, the DDAB/PLA NPs can be stored stably for 30 days and do not have side effects caused by residual solvents. For biosafety, the acute toxicity experiments showed good tolerance of the vaccine formulation even at a high adjuvant dose. The local irritation experiment demonstrated the reversibility of muscular irritation, and the repeated toxicity experiment revealed no significant necrosis or severe lesions in mice injected with the high-dose vaccine formulation. Overall, the DDAB/PLA NPs exhibit potential for clinical translation as a safe candidate vaccine adjuvant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengye Yang
- Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China;
| | - Yuan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Utilization of Forestry-Based Active Substances, College of Chemistry, Chemistry Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China;
| | - Meijuan Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China;
| | - Juan Ma
- Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, China
| | - Qun Lu
- Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China;
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CpG 1018 Is an Effective Adjuvant for Influenza Nucleoprotein. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11030649. [PMID: 36992232 PMCID: PMC10055716 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11030649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Current influenza vaccines mainly induce neutralizing antibodies against the highly variable surface antigen hemagglutinin and require annual manufacturing and immunization. Different from surface antigens, intracellular nucleoprotein (NP) is highly conserved and has been an attractive target to develop universal T cell vaccines against influenza. Yet, influenza NP protein mainly induces humoral immune responses and lacks the ability to induce potent cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses, key for the success of universal T cell vaccines. This study compared CpG 1018 and AddaVax to enhance recombinant NP-induced CTL responses and protection in murine models. CpG 1018 was explored to boost intradermal NP immunization, while AddaVax was explored to boost intramuscular NP immunization due to the high risk of AddaVax adjuvant to induce significant local reactions following intradermal delivery. We found CpG 1018 was highly effective to enhance NP-induced humoral and cellular immune responses superior to AddaVax adjuvant. Furthermore, CpG 1018 potentiated Th1-biased antibody responses, while AddaVax enhanced Th1/Th2-balanced antibody responses. CpG 1018 significantly enhanced IFNγ-secreting Th1 cells, while AddaVax adjuvant significantly increased IL4-secreting Th2 cells. Influenza NP immunization in the presence of CpG 1018 induced significant protection against lethal viral challenges, while influenza NP immunization in the presence of AddaVax failed to elicit significant protection. Our data validated CpG 1018 as an effective adjuvant to enhance influenza NP-induced CTL responses and protection.
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Combination of conserved recombinant proteins (NP & 3M2e) formulated with Alum protected BALB/c mice against influenza A/PR8/H1N1 virus challenge. Biotechnol Lett 2021; 43:2137-2147. [PMID: 34491470 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-021-03174-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Influenza is one of the most important agents of pandemic outbreak causing substantial morbidity and mortality. Vaccination strategies of influenza must be adapted annually due to constant antigenic changes in various strains. Therefore, the present study was conducted to evaluate protective immunity of the conserved influenza proteins. METHODS For this purpose, three tandem repeats of M2e (3M2e) and NP were separately expressed in E. coli and were purified using column chromatography. Female Balb/c mice were injected intradermally with a combination of the purified 3M2e and NP alone or formulated with Alum (AlOH3) adjuvant in three doses. The mice were challenged by intranasal administration of H1N1 (A/PR/8/34) 2 weeks after the last vaccination. RESULTS The results demonstrated that recombinant NP and M2e proteins are immunogenic and could efficiently elicit immune responses in mice compared to non-immunized mice. The combination of 3M2e and NP supplemented with Alum stimulated both NP and M2e-specific antibodies, which were higher than those stimulated by each single antigen plus Alum. In addition, the secretion of IFN-γ and IL-4 as well as the induction of lymphocyte proliferation in mice received the mixture of these proteins with Alum was considerably higher than other groups. Moreover, the highest survival rate (86%) with the least body weight change was observed in the mice immunized with 3M2e and NP supplemented with Alum followed by the mice received NP supplemented with Alum (71%). CONCLUSION Accordingly, this regimen can be considered as an attractive candidate for global vaccination against influenza.
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Mytle N, Leyrer S, Inglefield JR, Harris AM, Hickey TE, Minang J, Lu H, Ma Z, Andersen H, Grubaugh ND, Guina T, Skiadopoulos MH, Lacy MJ. Influenza Antigens NP and M2 Confer Cross Protection to BALB/c Mice against Lethal Challenge with H1N1, Pandemic H1N1 or H5N1 Influenza A Viruses. Viruses 2021; 13:1708. [PMID: 34578289 PMCID: PMC8473317 DOI: 10.3390/v13091708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Influenza hemagglutinin (HA) is considered a major protective antigen of seasonal influenza vaccine but antigenic drift of HA necessitates annual immunizations using new circulating HA versions. Low variation found within conserved non-HA influenza virus (INFV) antigens may maintain protection with less frequent immunizations. Conserved antigens of influenza A virus (INFV A) that can generate cross protection against multiple INFV strains were evaluated in BALB/c mice using modified Vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA)-vectored vaccines that expressed INFV A antigens hemagglutinin (HA), matrix protein 1 (M1), nucleoprotein (NP), matrix protein 2 (M2), repeats of the external portion of M2 (M2e) or as tandem repeats (METR), and M2e with transmembrane region and cytoplasmic loop (M2eTML). Protection by combinations of non-HA antigens was equivalent to that of subtype-matched HA. Combinations of NP and forms of M2e generated serum antibody responses and protected mice against lethal INFV A challenge using PR8, pandemic H1N1 A/Mexico/4108/2009 (pH1N1) or H5N1 A/Vietnam/1203/2004 (H5N1) viruses, as demonstrated by reduced lung viral burden and protection against weight loss. The highest levels of protection were obtained with NP and M2e antigens delivered as MVA inserts, resulting in broadly protective immunity in mice and enhancement of previous natural immunity to INFV A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nutan Mytle
- Emergent BioSolutions, 300 Professional Drive, Gaithersburg, MD 20879, USA; (N.M.); (S.L.); (J.R.I.); (A.M.H.); (T.E.H.); (J.M.); (H.L.); (Z.M.); (N.D.G.); (T.G.); (M.H.S.)
- Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Agency, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Washington, DC 20201, USA
| | - Sonja Leyrer
- Emergent BioSolutions, 300 Professional Drive, Gaithersburg, MD 20879, USA; (N.M.); (S.L.); (J.R.I.); (A.M.H.); (T.E.H.); (J.M.); (H.L.); (Z.M.); (N.D.G.); (T.G.); (M.H.S.)
- Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Nonnenwald 2, 82377 Penzberg, Germany
| | - Jon R. Inglefield
- Emergent BioSolutions, 300 Professional Drive, Gaithersburg, MD 20879, USA; (N.M.); (S.L.); (J.R.I.); (A.M.H.); (T.E.H.); (J.M.); (H.L.); (Z.M.); (N.D.G.); (T.G.); (M.H.S.)
- Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Andrea M. Harris
- Emergent BioSolutions, 300 Professional Drive, Gaithersburg, MD 20879, USA; (N.M.); (S.L.); (J.R.I.); (A.M.H.); (T.E.H.); (J.M.); (H.L.); (Z.M.); (N.D.G.); (T.G.); (M.H.S.)
| | - Thomas E. Hickey
- Emergent BioSolutions, 300 Professional Drive, Gaithersburg, MD 20879, USA; (N.M.); (S.L.); (J.R.I.); (A.M.H.); (T.E.H.); (J.M.); (H.L.); (Z.M.); (N.D.G.); (T.G.); (M.H.S.)
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 20814, USA
| | - Jacob Minang
- Emergent BioSolutions, 300 Professional Drive, Gaithersburg, MD 20879, USA; (N.M.); (S.L.); (J.R.I.); (A.M.H.); (T.E.H.); (J.M.); (H.L.); (Z.M.); (N.D.G.); (T.G.); (M.H.S.)
- Optimal Health Care, 11377 Robinwood Dr, Hagerstown, MD 21742, USA
| | - Hang Lu
- Emergent BioSolutions, 300 Professional Drive, Gaithersburg, MD 20879, USA; (N.M.); (S.L.); (J.R.I.); (A.M.H.); (T.E.H.); (J.M.); (H.L.); (Z.M.); (N.D.G.); (T.G.); (M.H.S.)
| | - Zhidong Ma
- Emergent BioSolutions, 300 Professional Drive, Gaithersburg, MD 20879, USA; (N.M.); (S.L.); (J.R.I.); (A.M.H.); (T.E.H.); (J.M.); (H.L.); (Z.M.); (N.D.G.); (T.G.); (M.H.S.)
| | - Hanné Andersen
- BIOQUAL, Inc., 12301 Parklawn Dr, Rockville, MD 20852, USA;
| | - Nathan D. Grubaugh
- Emergent BioSolutions, 300 Professional Drive, Gaithersburg, MD 20879, USA; (N.M.); (S.L.); (J.R.I.); (A.M.H.); (T.E.H.); (J.M.); (H.L.); (Z.M.); (N.D.G.); (T.G.); (M.H.S.)
- Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, 60 College Street, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Tina Guina
- Emergent BioSolutions, 300 Professional Drive, Gaithersburg, MD 20879, USA; (N.M.); (S.L.); (J.R.I.); (A.M.H.); (T.E.H.); (J.M.); (H.L.); (Z.M.); (N.D.G.); (T.G.); (M.H.S.)
- AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Mario H. Skiadopoulos
- Emergent BioSolutions, 300 Professional Drive, Gaithersburg, MD 20879, USA; (N.M.); (S.L.); (J.R.I.); (A.M.H.); (T.E.H.); (J.M.); (H.L.); (Z.M.); (N.D.G.); (T.G.); (M.H.S.)
- U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Michael J. Lacy
- Emergent BioSolutions, 300 Professional Drive, Gaithersburg, MD 20879, USA; (N.M.); (S.L.); (J.R.I.); (A.M.H.); (T.E.H.); (J.M.); (H.L.); (Z.M.); (N.D.G.); (T.G.); (M.H.S.)
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Kwak C, Nguyen QT, Kim J, Kim TH, Poo H. Influenza Chimeric Protein (3M2e-3HA2-NP) Adjuvanted with PGA/Alum Confers Cross-Protection against Heterologous Influenza A Viruses. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 31:304-316. [PMID: 33263336 PMCID: PMC9705887 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2011.11029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Vaccination is the most effective way to prevent influenza virus infections. However, conventional vaccines based on hemagglutinin (HA) have to be annually updated because the HA of influenza viruses constantly mutates. In this study, we produced a 3M2e-3HA2-NP chimeric protein as a vaccine antigen candidate using an Escherichia coli expression system. The vaccination of chimeric protein (15 μg) conferred complete protection against A/Puerto Rico/8/1934 (H1N1; PR8) in mice. It strongly induced influenza virus-specific antibody responses, cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity, and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. To spare the dose and enhance the cross-reactivity of the chimeric, we used a complex of poly-γ-glutamic acid and alum (PGA/alum) as an adjuvant. PGA/alum-adjuvanted, low-dose chimeric protein (1 or 5 μg) exhibited higher cross-protective effects against influenza A viruses (PR8, CA04, and H3N2) compared with those of chimeric alone or alum-adjuvanted proteins in vaccinated mice. Moreover, the depletion of CD4+ T, CD8+ T, and NK cells reduced the survival rate and efficacy of the PGA/alum-adjuvanted chimeric protein. Collectively, the vaccination of PGA/alum-adjuvanted chimeric protein induced strong protection efficacy against homologous and heterologous influenza viruses in mice, which suggests that it may be a promising universal influenza vaccine candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaewon Kwak
- Infectious Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 344, Republic of Korea,Department of Biosystems and Bioengineering, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Quyen Thi Nguyen
- Infectious Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 344, Republic of Korea,Department of Biosystems and Bioengineering, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaemoo Kim
- Infectious Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 344, Republic of Korea,Department of Biosystems and Bioengineering, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Hwan Kim
- Infectious Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 344, Republic of Korea
| | - Haryoung Poo
- Infectious Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 344, Republic of Korea,Department of Biosystems and Bioengineering, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea,Corresponding author Phone: +82-42-860-4157 Fax: +82-42-879-8498 E-mail:
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Wang W, Huang B, Wang X, Tan W, Ruan L. Improving Cross-Protection against Influenza Virus Using Recombinant Vaccinia Vaccine Expressing NP and M2 Ectodomain Tandem Repeats. Virol Sin 2019; 34:583-591. [PMID: 31240620 PMCID: PMC6814692 DOI: 10.1007/s12250-019-00138-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventional influenza vaccines need to be designed and manufactured yearly. However, they occasionally provide poor protection owing to antigenic mismatch. Hence, there is an urgent need to develop universal vaccines against influenza virus. Using nucleoprotein (NP) and extracellular domain of matrix protein 2 (M2e) genes from the influenza A virus A/Beijing/30/95 (H3N2), we constructed four recombinant vaccinia virus-based influenza vaccines carrying NP fused with one or four copies of M2e genes in different orders. The recombinant vaccinia viruses were used to immunize BALB/C mice. Humoral and cellular responses were measured, and then the immunized mice were challenged with the influenza A virus A/Puerto Rico/8/34 (PR8). NP-specific humoral response was elicited in mice immunized with recombinant vaccinia viruses carrying full-length NP, while robust M2e-specific humoral response was elicited only in the mice immunized with recombinant vaccinia viruses carrying multiple copies of M2e. All recombinant viruses elicited NP- and M2e-specific cellular immune responses in mice. Only immunization with RVJ-4M2eNP induced remarkably higher levels of IL-2 and IL-10 cytokines specific to M2e. Furthermore, RVJ-4M2eNP immunization provided the highest cross-protection in mice challenged with 20 MLD50 of PR8. Therefore, the cross-protection potentially correlates with both NP and M2e-specific humoral and cellular immune responses induced by RVJ-4M2eNP, which expresses a fusion antigen of full-length NP preceded by four M2e repeats. These results suggest that the rational fusion of NP and multiple M2e antigens is critical toward inducing protective immune responses, and the 4M2eNP fusion antigen may be employed to develop a universal influenza vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenling Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China.
| | - Baoying Huang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Xiuping Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Wenjie Tan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Li Ruan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China.
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Khodamoradi S, Shenagari M, Kheiri MT, Sabahi F, Jamali A, Heidari A, Ashrafkhani B. IRES-based co-expression of influenza virus conserved genes can promote synergistic antiviral effects both in vitro and in vivo. Arch Virol 2017; 163:877-886. [DOI: 10.1007/s00705-017-3682-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Development of a novel dual-domain nanoparticle antigen construct for universal influenza vaccine. Vaccine 2017; 35:7026-7032. [PMID: 29102171 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.10.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Revised: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
A highly effective antigen construct for presenting conserved antigen domains is essential to the development of a universal influenza vaccine. We have developed a novel dual-domain nanoparticle fusion protein (DDNFP) which allows independent presentation of two conserved domains. The conserved domains used were from two separate viral surface proteins, M2e of M2 and fusion peptide (FP) or long alpha helix (CD) of HA2. The carrier is a novel nanoparticle protein - the dodecameric DNA binding protein from starved cells (Dps) of bacteria or archaea. Dps was found to be uniquely capable of simultaneous fusion and surface presentation at both N- and C-termini while retaining the ability to form nanoparticles. Thus, DDNFPs with M2e and FP or CD fused at N- and C-termini of Dps from E. coli (EcDps) or other bacteria were first constructed based on the H1 subtype sequences along with corresponding single-domain nanoparticle fusion proteins (SDNFPs). They were expressed at high levels in bacteria and found to form nanoparticles of the expected size (∼9 nm). They were stable against treatment at high temperatures. The DDNFPs (M2e-EcDps-FP and M2e-EcDps-CD) induced strong antibody responses against individual antigen domains and provided full protection against lethal challenge with PR8 virus (H1N1). Importantly, the protection by DDNFPs was synergistically enhanced as compared to SDNFPs. The M2e-EcDps-CD provided an even stronger protection than M2e-EcDps-FP and therefore appeared to be the superior construct. Together, with novel domain combination, enhanced protection and ease of production, this M2e/CD DDNFP could potentially be a highly effective antigen construct for the universal influenza vaccine.
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Centralized Consensus Hemagglutinin Genes Induce Protective Immunity against H1, H3 and H5 Influenza Viruses. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0140702. [PMID: 26469190 PMCID: PMC4607479 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0140702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
With the exception of the live attenuated influenza vaccine there have been no substantial changes in influenza vaccine strategies since the 1940’s. Here we report an alternative vaccine approach that uses Adenovirus-vectored centralized hemagglutinin (HA) genes as vaccine antigens. Consensus H1-Con, H3-Con and H5-Con HA genes were computationally derived. Mice were immunized with Ad vaccines expressing the centralized genes individually. Groups of mice were vaccinated with 1 X 1010, 5 X 107 and 1 X 107 virus particles per mouse to represent high, intermediate and low doses, respectively. 100% of the mice that were vaccinated with the high dose vaccine were protected from heterologous lethal challenges within each subtype. In addition to 100% survival, there were no signs of weight loss and disease in 7 out of 8 groups of high dose vaccinated mice. Lower doses of vaccine showed a reduction of protection in a dose-dependent manner. However, even the lowest dose of vaccine provided significant levels of protection against the divergent influenza strains, especially considering the stringency of the challenge virus. In addition, we found that all doses of H5-Con vaccine were capable of providing complete protection against mortality when challenged with lethal doses of all 3 H5N1 influenza strains. This data demonstrates that centralized H1-Con, H3-Con and H5-Con genes can be effectively used to completely protect mice against many diverse strains of influenza. Therefore, we believe that these Ad-vectored centralized genes could be easily translated into new human vaccines.
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Protective Efficacy of the Conserved NP, PB1, and M1 Proteins as Immunogens in DNA- and Vaccinia Virus-Based Universal Influenza A Virus Vaccines in Mice. CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY : CVI 2015; 22:618-30. [PMID: 25834017 DOI: 10.1128/cvi.00091-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The conventional hemagglutinin (HA)- and neuraminidase (NA)-based influenza vaccines need to be updated most years and are ineffective if the glycoprotein HA of the vaccine strains is a mismatch with that of the epidemic strain. Universal vaccines targeting conserved viral components might provide cross-protection and thus complement and improve conventional vaccines. In this study, we generated DNA plasmids and recombinant vaccinia viruses expressing the conserved proteins nucleoprotein (NP), polymerase basic 1 (PB1), and matrix 1 (M1) from influenza virus strain A/Beijing/30/95 (H3N2). BALB/c mice were immunized intramuscularly with a single vaccine based on NP, PB1, or M1 alone or a combination vaccine based on all three antigens and were then challenged with lethal doses of the heterologous influenza virus strain A/PR/8/34 (H1N1). Vaccines based on NP, PB1, and M1 provided complete or partial protection against challenge with 1.7 50% lethal dose (LD50) of PR8 in mice. Of the three antigens, NP-based vaccines induced protection against 5 LD50 and 10 LD50 and thus exhibited the greatest protective effect. Universal influenza vaccines based on the combination of NP, PB1, and M1 induced a strong immune response and thus might be an alternative approach to addressing future influenza virus pandemics.
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Yang P, Wang W, Gu H, Li Z, Zhang K, Wang Z, Li R, Duan Y, Zhang S, Wang X. Protection against influenza H7N9 virus challenge with a recombinant NP–M1–HSP60 protein vaccine construct in BALB/c mice. Antiviral Res 2014; 111:1-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2014.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2014] [Revised: 08/11/2014] [Accepted: 08/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Wang W, Huang B, Jiang T, Wang X, Qi X, Tan W, Ruan L. Maximal immune response and cross protection by influenza virus nucleoprotein derived from E. coli using an optimized formulation. Virology 2014; 468-470:265-273. [PMID: 25213406 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2014.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Revised: 07/11/2014] [Accepted: 08/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The highly conserved internal nucleoprotein (NP) is a promising antigen to develop a universal influenza A virus vaccine. In this study, mice were injected intramuscularly with Escherichia coli-derived NP protein alone or in combination with adjuvant alum (Al(OH)3), CpG or both. The results showed that the NP protein formulated with adjuvant was effective in inducing a protective immune response. Additionally, the adjuvant efficacy of Al(OH)3 was stronger than that of CpG. Optimal immune responses were observed in BALB/c mice immunized with a combination of NP protein plus Al(OH)3 and CpG. These mice also showed maximal resistance following challenge with influenza A virus PR8 strain. Most importantly, 10 µg NP formulated with Al(OH)3 and CpG induced higher protection than did 90 µg NP. These findings indicated that a combination of Al(OH)3 and CpG may be an efficient adjuvant in the NP formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenling Wang
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control & Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), 155# Chang Bai Road, Chang Ping District, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Baoying Huang
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control & Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), 155# Chang Bai Road, Chang Ping District, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control & Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), 155# Chang Bai Road, Chang Ping District, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Xiuping Wang
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control & Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), 155# Chang Bai Road, Chang Ping District, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Xiangrong Qi
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control & Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), 155# Chang Bai Road, Chang Ping District, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Wenjie Tan
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control & Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), 155# Chang Bai Road, Chang Ping District, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Li Ruan
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control & Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), 155# Chang Bai Road, Chang Ping District, Beijing 102206, China.
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Sanchez MV, Ebensen T, Schulze K, Cargnelutti D, Blazejewska P, Scodeller EA, Guzmán CA. Intranasal delivery of influenza rNP adjuvanted with c-di-AMP induces strong humoral and cellular immune responses and provides protection against virus challenge. PLoS One 2014; 9:e104824. [PMID: 25140692 PMCID: PMC4139298 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0104824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Accepted: 07/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a critical need for new influenza vaccines able to protect against constantly emerging divergent virus strains. This will be sustained by the induction of vigorous cellular responses and humoral immunity capable of acting at the portal of entry of this pathogen. In this study we evaluate the protective efficacy of intranasal vaccination with recombinant influenza nucleoprotein (rNP) co-administrated with bis-(3′,5′)-cyclic dimeric adenosine monophosphate (c-di-AMP) as adjuvant. Immunization of BALB/c mice with two doses of the formulation stimulates high titers of NP-specific IgG in serum and secretory IgA at mucosal sites. This formulation also promotes a strong Th1 response characterized by high secretion of INF-γ and IL-2. The immune response elicited promotes efficient protection against virus challenge. These results suggest that c-di-AMP is a potent mucosal adjuvant which may significantly contribute towards the development of innovative mucosal vaccines against influenza.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Victoria Sanchez
- Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Experimental Medicine and Biology of Cuyo (IMBECU-CCT, CONICET), Mendoza, Argentina
- Department of Vaccinology and Applied Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Thomas Ebensen
- Department of Vaccinology and Applied Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Kai Schulze
- Department of Vaccinology and Applied Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Diego Cargnelutti
- Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Experimental Medicine and Biology of Cuyo (IMBECU-CCT, CONICET), Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Paulina Blazejewska
- Boehringer Ingelheim Veterinary Research Center GmbH & Co. KG, Hannover, Germany
| | - Eduardo A. Scodeller
- Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Experimental Medicine and Biology of Cuyo (IMBECU-CCT, CONICET), Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Carlos A. Guzmán
- Department of Vaccinology and Applied Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
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Rioux G, Mathieu C, Russell A, Bolduc M, Laliberté-Gagné ME, Savard P, Leclerc D. PapMV nanoparticles improve mucosal immune responses to the trivalent inactivated flu vaccine. J Nanobiotechnology 2014; 12:19. [PMID: 24885884 PMCID: PMC4022981 DOI: 10.1186/1477-3155-12-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Trivalent inactivated flu vaccines (TIV) are currently the best means to prevent influenza infections. However, the protection provided by TIV is partial (about 50%) and it is needed to improve the efficacy of protection. Since the respiratory tract is the main site of influenza replications, a vaccine that triggers mucosal immunity in this region can potentially improve protection against this disease. Recently, PapMV nanoparticles used as an adjuvant in a formulation with TIV administered by the subcutaneous route have shown improving the immune response directed to the TIV and protection against an influenza challenge. Findings In the present study, we showed that intranasal instillation with a formulation containing TIV and PapMV nanoparticles significantly increase the amount of IgG, IgG2a and IgA in lungs of vaccinated mice as compared to mice that received TIV only. Instillation with the adjuvanted formulation leads to a more robust protection against an influenza infection with a strain that is lethal to mice vaccinated with the TIV. Conclusions We demonstrate for the first time that PapMV nanoparticles are an effective and potent mucosal adjuvant for vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Denis Leclerc
- Department of Microbiology, Infectiology and Immunology, 'Centre de recherche en Infectiologie', Laval University, 2705 boul, Laurier, Quebec City, PQ G1V 4G2, Canada.
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Li J, Arévalo MT, Chen Y, Posadas O, Smith JA, Zeng M. Intranasal immunization with influenza antigens conjugated with cholera toxin subunit B stimulates broad spectrum immunity against influenza viruses. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2014; 10:1211-20. [PMID: 24632749 DOI: 10.4161/hv.28407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Frequent mutation of influenza viruses keep vaccinated and non-vaccinated populations vulnerable to new infections, causing serious burdens to public health and the economy. Vaccination with universal influenza vaccines would be the best way to effectively protect people from infection caused by mismatched or unforeseen influenza viruses. Presently, there is no FDA approved universal influenza vaccine. In this study, we expressed and purified a fusion protein comprising of influenza matrix 2 protein ectodomain peptides, a centralized influenza hemagglutinin stem region, and cholera toxin subunit B. Vaccination of BALB/c mice with this novel artificial antigen resulted in potent humoral immune responses, including induction of specific IgA and IgG, and broad protection against infection by multiple influenza viruses. Furthermore, our results demonstrated that when used as a mucosal antigen, cholera toxin subunit B improved antigen-stimulated T cell and memory B cell responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junwei Li
- Center of Excellence for Infectious Diseases; Paul L. Foster School of Medicine; Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center; El Paso, TX USA
| | - Maria T Arévalo
- Center of Excellence for Infectious Diseases; Paul L. Foster School of Medicine; Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center; El Paso, TX USA
| | - Yanping Chen
- Center of Excellence for Infectious Diseases; Paul L. Foster School of Medicine; Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center; El Paso, TX USA
| | - Olivia Posadas
- Center of Excellence for Infectious Diseases; Paul L. Foster School of Medicine; Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center; El Paso, TX USA
| | - Jacob A Smith
- Center of Excellence for Infectious Diseases; Paul L. Foster School of Medicine; Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center; El Paso, TX USA
| | - Mingtao Zeng
- Center of Excellence for Infectious Diseases; Paul L. Foster School of Medicine; Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center; El Paso, TX USA
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MVA vectors expressing conserved influenza proteins protect mice against lethal challenge with H5N1, H9N2 and H7N1 viruses. PLoS One 2014; 9:e88340. [PMID: 24523886 PMCID: PMC3921149 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0088340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2013] [Accepted: 01/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The availability of a universal influenza vaccine able to induce broad cross-reactive immune responses against diverse influenza viruses would provide an alternative to currently available strain-specific vaccines. We evaluated the ability of vectors based on modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) expressing conserved influenza proteins to protect mice against lethal challenge with multiple influenza subtypes. Methods Mice were immunized with MVA vectors expressing H5N1-derived nucleoprotein (NP), the stem region of hemagglutinin (HA), matrix proteins 1 and 2 (M1 and M2), the viral polymerase basic protein 1 (PB1), or the HA stem fused to a quadrivalent matrix protein 2 extracellular domain (M2e). Immunized mice were challenged with lethal doses of H5N1, H7N1 or H9N2 virus and monitored for disease symptoms and weight loss. To investigate the influence of previous exposure to influenza virus on protective immune responses induced by conserved influenza proteins, mice were infected with pandemic H1N1 virus (H1N1pdm09) prior to immunization and subsequently challenged with H5N1 virus. Antibody and T cell responses were assessed by ELISA and flow cytometry, respectively. Results MVA vectors expressing NP alone, or co-expressed with other conserved influenza proteins, protected mice against lethal challenge with H5N1, H7N1 or H9N2 virus. Pre-exposure to H1N1pdm09 increased protective efficacy against lethal H5N1 challenge. None of the other conserved influenza proteins provided significant levels of protection against lethal challenge. NP-expressing vectors induced high numbers of influenza-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and high titer influenza-specific antibody responses. Higher influenza-specific CD4+ T cell responses and NP-specific CD8+ T cell responses were associated with increased protective efficacy. Conclusions MVA vectors expressing influenza NP protect mice against lethal challenge with H5N1, H7N1 and H9N2 viruses by a mechanism involving influenza-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses.
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Zheng M, Luo J, Chen Z. Development of universal influenza vaccines based on influenza virus M and NP genes. Infection 2013; 42:251-62. [PMID: 24178189 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-013-0546-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2013] [Accepted: 10/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Vaccination is the safest and most effective measure against influenza virus infections. However, traditional influenza vaccines cannot respond effectively to an unforeseen epidemic or pandemic caused by a virus with antigenic drifts or antigenic shifts. Therefore, developing a universal influenza vaccine (UIV) that induces broad-spectrum and long-term immunity has become a major trend in influenza vaccine research and development. METHODS This article reviews the development of UIVs based on these conserved influenza virus proteins. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION The matrix protein (M1, M2) and nucleoprotein (NP) of influenza viruses have highly conserved sequences, and they become the major target antigens of current UIV studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Zheng
- Shanghai Institute of Biological Products, Shanghai, 200052, China
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