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Iannuzo N, Haller YA, McBride M, Mehari S, Lainson JC, Diehnelt CW, Haydel SE. High-Throughput Screening Identifies Synthetic Peptides with Antibacterial Activity against Mycobacterium abscessus and Serum Stability. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:23967-23977. [PMID: 35847280 PMCID: PMC9281306 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c02844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The rise in antibiotic resistance in bacteria has spawned new technological approaches for identifying novel antimicrobials with narrow specificity. Current antibiotic treatment regimens and antituberculosis drugs are not effective in treating Mycobacterium abscessus. Meanwhile, antimicrobial peptides are gaining prominence as alternative antimicrobials due to their specificity toward anionic bacterial membranes, rapid action, and limited development of resistance. To rapidly identify antimicrobial peptide candidates, our group has developed a high-density peptide microarray consisting of 125,000 random synthetic peptides screened for interaction with the mycobacterial cell surface of M. abscessus morphotypes. From the array screening, peptides positive for interaction were synthesized and their antimicrobial activity was validated. Overall, six peptides inhibited the M. abscessus smooth morphotype (IC50 = 1.7 μM for all peptides) and had reduced activity against the M. abscessus rough morphotype (IC50 range: 13-82 μM). Peptides ASU2056 and ASU2060 had minimum inhibitory concentration values of 32 and 8 μM, respectively, against the M. abscessus smooth morphotype. Additionally, ASU2060 (8 μM) was active against Escherichia coli, including multidrug-resistant E. coli clinical isolates, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. ASU2056 and ASU2060 exhibited no significant hemolytic activity at biologically relevant concentrations, further supporting these peptides as promising therapeutic candidates. Moreover, ASU2060 retained antibacterial activity after preincubation in human serum for 24 h. With antimicrobial resistance on the rise, methods such as those presented here will streamline the peptide discovery process for targeted antimicrobial peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Iannuzo
- School
of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
- School
of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Yannik A. Haller
- School
of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Michelle McBride
- The
Biodesign Institute Center for Bioelectronics and Biosensors, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Sabrina Mehari
- School
of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - John C. Lainson
- The
Biodesign Institute Center for Innovations in Medicine, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Chris W. Diehnelt
- The
Biodesign Institute Center for Innovations in Medicine, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Shelley E. Haydel
- School
of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
- The
Biodesign Institute Center for Bioelectronics and Biosensors, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
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2
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Kundu R. Cationic Amphiphilic Peptides: Synthetic Antimicrobial Agents Inspired by Nature. ChemMedChem 2020; 15:1887-1896. [PMID: 32767819 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202000301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides are ubiquitous in multicellular organisms and have served as defense mechanisms for their successful evolution and throughout their life cycle. These peptides are short cationic amphiphilic polypeptides of fewer than 50 amino acids containing either a few disulfide-linked cysteine residues with a characteristic β-sheet-rich structure or linear α-helical conformations with hydrophilic side chains at one side of the helix and hydrophobic side chains on the other side. Antimicrobial peptides cause bacterial cell lysis either by direct cell-surface damage via electrostatic interactions between the cationic side chains of the peptide and the negatively charged cell surface, or by indirect modulation of the host defense systems. Electrostatic interactions lead to bacterial cell membrane disruption followed by leakage of cellular components and finally bacterial cell death. Because of their unusual mechanism of cell damage, antimicrobial peptides are effective against drug-resistant bacteria and may therefore prove more effective than classical antibiotics in certain cases. Currently, around 3000 natural antimicrobial peptides from six kingdoms (bacteria, archaea, protists, fungi, plants, and animals) have been isolated and sequenced. However, only a few of them are under clinical trials and/or in the commercial development stage for the treatment of bacterial infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Moreover, high structural complexity, poor pharmacokinetic properties, and low antibacterial activity of natural antimicrobial peptides hinder their progress in drug development. To overcome these hurdles, researchers have become increasingly interested in modification and nature-inspired synthetic antimicrobial peptides. This review discusses some of the recent studies reported on antimicrobial peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajen Kundu
- CSIR - Central Mechanical Engineering Research Institute, CoEFM, Ludhiana, 141006, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
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3
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Fluorescent Analogues of Human α-Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide with Potent Vasodilator Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21041343. [PMID: 32079247 PMCID: PMC7072916 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Human α-calcitonin gene-related peptide (h-α-CGRP) is a highly potent vasodilator peptide that belongs to the family of calcitonin peptides. There are two forms of CGRP receptors in humans and rodents: α-CGRP receptor predominately found in the cardiovascular system and β-CGRP receptor predominating in the gastrointestinal tract. The CGRP receptors are primarily localized to C and Aδ sensory fibers, where they are involved in nociceptive transmission and migraine pathophysiology. These fibers are found both peripherally and centrally, with extensive perivascular location. The CGRP receptors belong to the class B G-protein-coupled receptors, and they are primarily associated to signaling via Gα proteins. The objectives of the present work were: (i) synthesis of three single-labelled fluorescent analogues of h-α-CGRP by 9-fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl (Fmoc)-based solid-phase peptide synthesis, and (ii) testing of their biological activity in isolated human, mouse, and rat arteries by using a small-vessel myograph setup. The three analogues were labelled with 5(6)-carboxyfluorescein via the spacer 6-aminohexanoic acid at the chain of Lys24 or Lys35. Circular dichroism (CD) experiments were performed to obtain information on the secondary structure of these fluorescently labelled peptides. The CD spectra indicated that the folding of all three analogues was similar to that of native α-CGRP. The three fluorescent analogues of α-CGRP were successfully prepared with a purity of >95%. In comparison to α-CGRP, the three analogues exhibited similar efficacy, but different potency in producing a vasodilator effect. The analogue labelled at the N-terminus proved to be the most readily synthesized, but it was found to possess the lowest vasodilator potency. The analogues labelled at Lys35 or Lys24 exhibited an acceptable reduction in potency (i.e., 3–5 times and 5–10 times less potent, respectively), and thus they have potential for use in further investigations of receptor internalization and neuronal reuptake.
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Rabinowitz JA, Lainson JC, Johnston SA, Diehnelt CW. Non-natural amino acid peptide microarrays to discover Ebola virus glycoprotein ligands. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:1417-1420. [PMID: 29297911 DOI: 10.1039/c7cc08242h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrate a platform to screen a virus pseudotyped with Ebola virus glycoprotein (GP) against a library of peptides that contain non-natural amino acids to develop GP affinity ligands. This system could be used for rapid development of peptide-based antivirals for other emerging or neglected tropical infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua A Rabinowitz
- Biodesign Institute Center for Innovations in Medicine, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85281, USA.
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5
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Wang L, Whittemore K, Johnston SA, Stafford P. Entropy is a Simple Measure of the Antibody Profile and is an Indicator of Health Status: A Proof of Concept. Sci Rep 2017; 7:18060. [PMID: 29273777 PMCID: PMC5741721 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-18469-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
We have previously shown that the diversity of antibodies in an individual can be displayed on chips on which 130,000 peptides chosen from random sequence space have been synthesized. This immunosignature technology is unbiased in displaying antibody diversity relative to natural sequence space, and has been shown to have diagnostic and prognostic potential for a wide variety of diseases and vaccines. Here we show that a global measure such as Shannon's entropy can be calculated for each immunosignature. The immune entropy was measured across a diverse set of 800 people and in 5 individuals over 3 months. The immune entropy is affected by some population characteristics and varies widely across individuals. We find that people with infections or breast cancer, generally have higher entropy values than non-diseased individuals. We propose that the immune entropy as measured from immunosignatures may be a simple method to monitor health in individuals and populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- Center for Innovations in Medicine, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287, United States
| | - Kurt Whittemore
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncologicas, Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Stephen Albert Johnston
- Center for Innovations in Medicine, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287, United States
| | - Phillip Stafford
- Center for Innovations in Medicine, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287, United States.
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6
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Peptide Sequencing Directly on Solid Surfaces Using MALDI Mass Spectrometry. Sci Rep 2017; 7:17811. [PMID: 29259225 PMCID: PMC5736625 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-18105-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
There are an increasing variety of applications in which peptides are both synthesized and used attached to solid surfaces. This has created a need for high throughput sequence analysis directly on surfaces. However, common sequencing approaches that can be adapted to surface bound peptides lack the throughput often needed in library-based applications. Here we describe a simple approach for sequence analysis directly on solid surfaces that is both high speed and high throughput, utilizing equipment available in most protein analysis facilities. In this approach, surface bound peptides, selectively labeled at their N-termini with a positive charge-bearing group, are subjected to controlled degradation in ammonia gas, resulting in a set of fragments differing by a single amino acid that remain spatially confined on the surface they were bound to. These fragments can then be analyzed by MALDI mass spectrometry, and the peptide sequences read directly from the resulting spectra.
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A Simple Platform for the Rapid Development of Antimicrobials. Sci Rep 2017; 7:17610. [PMID: 29242618 PMCID: PMC5730575 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17941-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent infectious outbreaks highlight the need for platform technologies that can be quickly deployed to develop therapeutics needed to contain the outbreak. We present a simple concept for rapid development of new antimicrobials. The goal was to produce in as little as one week thousands of doses of an intervention for a new pathogen. We tested the feasibility of a system based on antimicrobial synbodies. The system involves creating an array of 100 peptides that have been selected for broad capability to bind and/or kill viruses and bacteria. The peptides are pre-screened for low cell toxicity prior to large scale synthesis. Any pathogen is then assayed on the chip to find peptides that bind or kill it. Peptides are combined in pairs as synbodies and further screened for activity and toxicity. The lead synbody can be quickly produced in large scale, with completion of the entire process in one week.
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8
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Chang TW, Wei SY, Wang SH, Wei HM, Wang YJ, Wang CF, Chen C, Liao YD. Hydrophobic residues are critical for the helix-forming, hemolytic and bactericidal activities of amphipathic antimicrobial peptide TP4. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0186442. [PMID: 29040295 PMCID: PMC5645128 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides are important components of the host innate defense mechanism against invading pathogens, especially for drug-resistant bacteria. In addition to bactericidal activity, the 25 residue peptide TP4 isolated from Nile tilapia also stimulates cell proliferation and regulates the innate immune system in mice. In this report, TP4 hyperpolarized and depolarized the membrane potential of Pseudomonas aeruginosa at sub-lethal and lethal concentrations. It also inhibited and eradicated biofilm formation. The in vitro binding of TP4 to bacterial outer membrane target protein, OprI, was markedly enhanced by a membrane-like surfactant sarkosyl and lipopolysaccharide, which converted TP4 into an α-helix. The solution structure of TP4 in dodecylphosphocholine was solved by NMR analyses. It contained a typical α-helix at residues Phe10-Arg22 and a distorted helical segment at Ile6-Phe10, as well as a hydrophobic core at the N-terminus and a cationic patch at the C-terminus. Residues Ile16, Leu19 and Ile20 in the hydrophobic face of the main helix were critical for the integrity of amphipathic structure, other hydrophobic residues played important roles in hemolytic and bactericidal activities. A model for the assembly of helical TP4 embedded in sarkosyl vesicle is proposed. This study may provide valuable insight for engineering AMPs to have potent bactericidal activity but low hemolytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Wei Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Yi Wei
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Han Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Mu Wei
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-June Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Feng Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chinpan Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - You-Di Liao
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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9
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Lainson JC, Daly SM, Triplett K, Johnston SA, Hall PR, Diehnelt CW. Synthetic Antibacterial Peptide Exhibits Synergy with Oxacillin against MRSA. ACS Med Chem Lett 2017; 8:853-857. [PMID: 28835801 PMCID: PMC5554890 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.7b00200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
One proposed solution to the crisis of antimicrobial resistant (AMR) infections is the development of molecules that potentiate the activity of antibiotics for AMR bacteria, such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Rather than develop broad spectrum compounds, we developed a peptide that could potentiate the activity of a narrow spectrum antibiotic, oxacillin. In this way, the combination treatment could narrowly target the resistant pathogen and limit impact on host flora. We developed a peptide, ASU014, composed of a S. aureus binding peptide and a S. aureus inhibitory peptide conjugated to a branched peptide scaffold, which has modest activity against S. aureus but exhibits synergy with oxacillin for MRSA both in vitro and in a MRSA skin infection model. The low concentration of ASU014 and sub-MIC concentration of oxacillin necessary for activity suggest that this molecule is a candidate for future medicinal chemistry optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- John C. Lainson
- Biodesign
Institute Center for Innovations in Medicine, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
| | - Seth M. Daly
- University
of New Mexico College of Pharmacy, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Kathleen Triplett
- University
of New Mexico College of Pharmacy, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Stephen Albert Johnston
- Biodesign
Institute Center for Innovations in Medicine, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
| | - Pamela R. Hall
- University
of New Mexico College of Pharmacy, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Chris W. Diehnelt
- Biodesign
Institute Center for Innovations in Medicine, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
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10
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Gupta N, Lainson J, Domenyuk V, Zhao ZG, Johnston SA, Diehnelt CW. Whole-Virus Screening to Develop Synbodies for the Influenza Virus. Bioconjug Chem 2016; 27:2505-2512. [PMID: 27658460 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.6b00447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
There is an ongoing need for affinity agents for emerging viruses and new strains of current human viruses. We therefore developed a robust and modular system for engineering high-affinity synbody ligands for the influenza A/Puerto Rico/8/1934 H1N1 virus as a model system. Whole-virus screening against a peptide microarray was used to identify binding peptides. Candidate peptides were linked to bis-maleimide peptide scaffolds to produce a library of candidate influenza-binding synbodies. From this library, a candidate synbody, ASU1060, was selected and affinity-improved via positional substitution using d-amino acids to produce a new synbody, ASU1061, that bound H1N1 in an ELISA assay with a KD of <1 nM, comparable to that of a monoclonal antibody for neuraminidase (NA). We prepared a modified version of ASU1061 that contained an additional C-terminal peptide to simulate conjugation of the synbody to a carrier protein, called ASU1063, and found that H1N1 binding was unchanged. Subsequent work identified the synbody target as nucleoprotein (NP), a highly conserved protein in influenza, with a KD of <1 nM for ASU1063. This suggests that virus-binding synbodies can be conjugated to carrier proteins or other moieties that could improve the therapeutic profile of the resulting synbody. This method is a rapid process that offers a means of developing new affinity ligands to influenza and other viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Gupta
- The Biodesign Institute Center for Innovations in Medicine, Arizona State University , Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - John Lainson
- The Biodesign Institute Center for Innovations in Medicine, Arizona State University , Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Valeriy Domenyuk
- The Biodesign Institute Center for Innovations in Medicine, Arizona State University , Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Zhan-Gong Zhao
- The Biodesign Institute Center for Innovations in Medicine, Arizona State University , Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Stephen Albert Johnston
- The Biodesign Institute Center for Innovations in Medicine, Arizona State University , Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Chris W Diehnelt
- The Biodesign Institute Center for Innovations in Medicine, Arizona State University , Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
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11
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Maxson T, Mitchell DA. Targeted Treatment for Bacterial Infections: Prospects for Pathogen-Specific Antibiotics Coupled with Rapid Diagnostics. Tetrahedron 2016; 72:3609-3624. [PMID: 27429480 PMCID: PMC4941824 DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.09.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Antibiotics are a cornerstone of modern medicine and have significantly reduced the burden of infectious diseases. However, commonly used broad-spectrum antibiotics can cause major collateral damage to the human microbiome, causing complications ranging from antibiotic-associated colitis to the rapid spread of resistance. Employing narrower spectrum antibiotics targeting specific pathogens may alleviate this predicament as well as provide additional tools to expand an antibiotic repertoire threatened by the inevitability of resistance. Improvements in clinical diagnosis will be required to effectively utilize pathogen-specific antibiotics and new molecular diagnostics are poised to fulfill this need. Here we review recent trends and the future prospects of deploying narrower spectrum antibiotics coupled with rapid diagnostics. Further, we discuss the theoretical advantages and limitations of this emerging approach to controlling bacterial infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tucker Maxson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Douglas A. Mitchell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- Department of Microbiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- Carle R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
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12
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Lainson JC, Fuenmayor MF, Johnston SA, Diehnelt CW. Conjugation Approach To Produce a Staphylococcus aureus Synbody with Activity in Serum. Bioconjug Chem 2015; 26:2125-32. [PMID: 26365100 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.5b00420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Synbodies show promise as a new class of synthetic antibiotics. Here, we explore improvements in their activity and production through conjugation chemistry. Maleimide conjugation is a widely used conjugation strategy due to its high yield, selectivity, and low cost. We used this strategy to conjugate two antibacterial peptides to produce a bivalent antibacterial peptide, called a synbody that has bactericidal activity against methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The synbody was prepared by conjugation of a partially d-amino acid substituted synthetic antibacterial peptide to a bis-maleimide scaffold. The synbody slowly degrades in serum, but also undergoes exchange reactions with other serum proteins, such as albumin. Therefore, we hydrolyzed the thiosuccinimide ring using a mild hydrolysis protocol to produce a new synbody with similar bactericidal activity. The synbody was now resistant to exchange reactions and maintained bactericidal activity in serum for 2 h. This work demonstrates that low-cost maleimide coupling can be used to produce antibacterial peptide conjugates with activity in serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- John C Lainson
- Center for Innovation in Medicine, Biodesign Institute, and ‡School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University , Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Mariana Ferrer Fuenmayor
- Center for Innovation in Medicine, Biodesign Institute, and ‡School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University , Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Stephen Albert Johnston
- Center for Innovation in Medicine, Biodesign Institute, and ‡School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University , Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Chris W Diehnelt
- Center for Innovation in Medicine, Biodesign Institute, and ‡School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University , Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
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13
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Legutki JB, Zhao ZG, Greving M, Woodbury N, Johnston SA, Stafford P. Scalable high-density peptide arrays for comprehensive health monitoring. Nat Commun 2014; 5:4785. [PMID: 25183057 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms5785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an increasing awareness that health care must move from post-symptomatic treatment to presymptomatic intervention. An ideal system would allow regular inexpensive monitoring of health status using circulating antibodies to report on health fluctuations. Recently, we demonstrated that peptide microarrays can do this through antibody signatures (immunosignatures). Unfortunately, printed microarrays are not scalable. Here we demonstrate a platform based on fabricating microarrays (~10 M peptides per slide, 330,000 peptides per assay) on silicon wafers using equipment common to semiconductor manufacturing. The potential of these microarrays for comprehensive health monitoring is verified through the simultaneous detection and classification of six different infectious diseases and six different cancers. Besides diagnostics, these high-density peptide chips have numerous other applications both in health care and elsewhere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Barten Legutki
- Center for Innovations in Medicine, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA
| | - Zhan-Gong Zhao
- Center for Innovations in Medicine, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA
| | - Matt Greving
- NextVal, 4186 Sorrento Valley Boulevard, Suite G, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - Neal Woodbury
- Center for Innovations in Medicine, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA
| | - Stephen Albert Johnston
- Center for Innovations in Medicine, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA
| | - Phillip Stafford
- Center for Innovations in Medicine, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA
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14
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Diehnelt CW. Peptide array based discovery of synthetic antimicrobial peptides. Front Microbiol 2013; 4:402. [PMID: 24399997 PMCID: PMC3872314 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2013.00402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2013] [Accepted: 12/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Chris W Diehnelt
- Center for Innovations in Medicine, The Biodesign Institute at Arizona State University Tempe, AZ, USA
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15
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Whittemore K, Sykes K. A microarray method for identifying tumor antigens by screening a tumor cDNA expression library against cancer sera. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2013; 9:2178-88. [PMID: 23851590 PMCID: PMC3906402 DOI: 10.4161/hv.25634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2013] [Revised: 06/18/2013] [Accepted: 07/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The immune system responds to tumor cells. The challenge has been how to effectively use these responses to treat or protect against cancer. Toward the goal of developing a cancer vaccine, we are pursuing methodologies for the discovery and testing of useful antigens. We present an array-based approach for discovering these B cell antigens by directly screening for specific host-sera reactivity to lysates from tumor-derived cDNA expression libraries. Several cancer-specific antigens were identified, and these are currently being validated as potential candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurt Whittemore
- Center for Innovations in Medicine; The Biodesign Institute; Arizona State University; Tempe, AZ USA
- Biological Design Program; Arizona State University; Tempe, AZ USA
| | - Kathryn Sykes
- Center for Innovations in Medicine; The Biodesign Institute; Arizona State University; Tempe, AZ USA
- HealthTell, Inc.; Chandler, AZ USA
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