1
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Kuraeiad S, Kotepui KU, Masangkay FR, Mahittikorn A, Kotepui M. Association of uric acid levels with severity of Plasmodium infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14979. [PMID: 37697061 PMCID: PMC10495360 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42217-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Elevated uric acid (UA) levels have been reported in malaria patients and are particularly prominent in severe malaria cases. This study aims to synthesize the difference in UA levels between malaria patients and uninfected controls, and between patients with severe and non-severe malaria. A comprehensive literature search was carried out across databases such as Embase, MEDLINE, Ovid, PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest, and Google Scholar to identify relevant studies for inclusion. The methodological quality of the included studies was evaluated independently by two reviewers using the JBI critical appraisal tool for observational studies. A meta-analysis was performed to calculate the pooled effect sizes, expressed as Hedges' g, with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The Hedges' g was pooled using the random-effects model. An initial search yielding a total of 1122 articles, and a final total of 19 studies being included in the review. Elevated UA levels were observed more prominently in malaria patients, especially those with severe manifestations, when compared to uninfected controls. The conducted meta-analysis demonstrated a significant elevation in UA levels in patients suffering from malaria as compared to uninfected controls (P < 0.01, Hedges's g = 1.40, 95% CI 0.84-1.95, I2 = 95.81, 16 studies). The conducted meta-analysis demonstrated a significant elevation in UA levels in patients suffering from severe malaria as compared to non-severe malaria (P < 0.01, Hedges's g = 3.45, 95% CI 1.06-5.83, I2 = 98.73, 6 studies). In summary, these findings provide valuable insights into the potential use of UA as a biomarker for malaria infection and determination of its severity. Further research is needed to validate these findings and to explore the underlying mechanisms that contribute to the elevation of UA levels during malaria infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saruda Kuraeiad
- Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Tha Sala, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
- Research Center in Tropical Pathobiology, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Kwuntida Uthaisar Kotepui
- Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Tha Sala, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | | | - Aongart Mahittikorn
- Department of Protozoology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Manas Kotepui
- Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Tha Sala, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand.
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2
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Zhou Y, Li W, Huang Y. A low serum uric acid concentration predicts a poor prognosis in adult patients with candidemia. Open Med (Wars) 2022; 17:1077-1083. [PMID: 35794998 PMCID: PMC9186511 DOI: 10.1515/med-2022-0511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the relation of serum uric acid (UA) level with outcomes in adults with candidemia. Medical records of patients with candidemia treated from 2014 to 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were age- and sex-matched with healthy control subjects. The associations of UA and cystatin C (CysC) levels with diagnosis and prognosis of candidemia were determined. Sixty-four patients with candidemia (13 females and 51 males; mean age 48.5 years) and 64 matched control subjects were included. The median UA level of patients with candidemia was 255 μmol/L (range, 158–395 μmol/L), and of healthy controls was 398 μmol/L (range, 345–450 μmol/L) (P < 0.001). The median CysC level of patients with candidemia was 1.07 mg/L (range, 0.89–1.59 mg/L), and of the healthy controls was 0.82 mg/L (range, 0.74–0.95 mg/L) (P < 0.001). Patients with a favorable prognosis had significantly higher serum UA levels than those with a poor prognosis (181 μmol/L vs 344 μmol/L; P = 0.001). It was indicated that the estimated OR for UA was significantly > 1 (P = 0.009), and the AUC was 0.734. In summary, a lower serum UA level is associated with a diagnosis of candidemia, and a poor outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Zhou
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510630, P.R. China
| | - Wenjuan Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510630, P.R. China
| | - Yubo Huang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510630, P.R. China
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3
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Woodberry T, Loughland JR, Minigo G. Whole Blood Dendritic Cell Cytokine Production Assay. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2470:715-729. [PMID: 35881385 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2189-9_53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This protocol outlines a method for the timely detection of intracellular cytokines produced by activated dendritic cells (DC) in human whole blood. The quantification of cytokines is used to measure DC immune responsiveness, providing information on the breadth, strength, and DC subtypes responding spontaneously and to specific stimulation with toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands or parasite-infected erythrocytes. DC subsets, plasmacytoid DC, CD1c+ DC, CD141+ DC, and CD16+ DC, are examined in their natural environment of plasma and blood cells (erythrocytes, neutrophils, platelets, and leukocytes) enabling disease, medication, nutritional, and hematological effects on DC function to be examined in vaccine studies, ageing, health, and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tonia Woodberry
- Menzies School of Health Research and Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT, Australia
| | - Jessica Rita Loughland
- Menzies School of Health Research and Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT, Australia
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Gabriela Minigo
- Menzies School of Health Research and Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT, Australia.
- College of Health and Human Sciences, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT, Australia.
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4
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Zhu YY, Wu Y, Chen ST, Kang JW, Pan JM, Liu XZ, Li SY, Yan GJ, Liu AX, Huang QT, Yang ZM, Su RW. In situ Synthesized Monosodium Urate Crystal Enhances Endometrium Decidualization via Sterile Inflammation During Pregnancy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:702590. [PMID: 34434930 PMCID: PMC8380953 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.702590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
High level of uric acid (UA) is the major origin of gout, and is highly associated with various pregnant complications, such as preeclampsia and gestational diabetes. However, UA’s level and role in the very early stage of pregnancy has not been uncovered. This study aims to investigate the relevance of serum UA and decidualization, an essential process for the establishment and maintenance of pregnancy in women and mice during the early stage of pregnancy. In this study, we first proved that expression level of UA synthase xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) is highly increased along with decidualization of endometrial stromal cells in both in vitro and in vivo models. Furthermore, serum and endometrial levels of UA are higher in mice with decidualized uterin horn and in vitro decidualized stromal cells. The existence of monosodium urate (MSU) crystal was also confirmed by immunostaining. Next, the roles of MSU on decidualization were explored by both in vitro and in vivo models. Our data shows MSU crystal but not UA enhances the decidualization response of endometrial stromal cells, via the upregulation of inflammatory genes such Ptgs2 and Il11. inhibiting of Cox-2 activity abolishes MSU crystal induced higher expression of decidualization marker Prl8a2. At last, in women, we observed enriched expression of XDH in decidua compare to non-decidualized endometrium, the serum level of UA is significantly increased in women in very early stage of pregnancy, and drop down after elective abortion. In summary, we observed an increased serum UA level in the early stage of women’s pregnancy, and proved that the increased level of UA results from the expressed XDH in decidualizing endometrium of both human and mouse, leading to the formation of MSU crystal. MSU crystal can enhance the decidualization response via inflammatory pathways. Our study has uncovered the association between UA, MSU, and decidualization during the early stage of pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Yuan Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yao Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Si-Ting Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin-Wen Kang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ji-Min Pan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Zheng Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shu-Yun Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gui-Jun Yan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Ai-Xia Liu
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qi-Tao Huang
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Division of Obstetrics, Foshan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Zeng-Ming Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ren-Wei Su
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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5
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Kumar R, Loughland JR, Ng SS, Boyle MJ, Engwerda CR. The regulation of CD4
+
T cells during malaria. Immunol Rev 2019; 293:70-87. [DOI: 10.1111/imr.12804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rajiv Kumar
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery Institute of Medical Sciences Banaras Hindu University Varanasi UP India
- Department of Medicine Institute of Medical Sciences Banaras Hindu University Varanasi UP India
| | - Jessica R. Loughland
- Human Malaria Immunology Laboratory QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Brisbane Australia
| | - Susanna S. Ng
- Immunology and Infection Laboratory QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Brisbane Australia
| | - Michelle J. Boyle
- Human Malaria Immunology Laboratory QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Brisbane Australia
| | - Christian R. Engwerda
- Immunology and Infection Laboratory QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Brisbane Australia
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6
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Yap XZ, Lundie RJ, Beeson JG, O'Keeffe M. Dendritic Cell Responses and Function in Malaria. Front Immunol 2019; 10:357. [PMID: 30886619 PMCID: PMC6409297 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Malaria remains a serious threat to global health. Sustained malaria control and, eventually, eradication will only be achieved with a broadly effective malaria vaccine. Yet a fundamental lack of knowledge about how antimalarial immunity is acquired has hindered vaccine development efforts to date. Understanding how malaria-causing parasites modulate the host immune system, specifically dendritic cells (DCs), key initiators of adaptive and vaccine antigen-based immune responses, is vital for effective vaccine design. This review comprehensively summarizes how exposure to Plasmodium spp. impacts human DC function in vivo and in vitro. We have highlighted the heterogeneity of the data observed in these studies, compared and critiqued the models used to generate our current understanding of DC function in malaria, and examined the mechanisms by which Plasmodium spp. mediate these effects. This review highlights potential research directions which could lead to improved efficacy of existing vaccines, and outlines novel targets for next-generation vaccine strategies to target malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Zen Yap
- Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Medicine, Dentistry, and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Rachel J Lundie
- Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - James G Beeson
- Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Medicine, Dentistry, and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Microbiology and Central Clinical School, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Meredith O'Keeffe
- Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
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7
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Dendritic Cells and Their Multiple Roles during Malaria Infection. J Immunol Res 2016; 2016:2926436. [PMID: 27110574 PMCID: PMC4823477 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2926436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) play a central role in the initiation of adaptive immune responses, efficiently presenting antigens to T cells. This ability relies on the presence of numerous surface and intracellular receptors capable of sensing microbial components as well as inflammation and on a very efficient machinery for antigen presentation. In this way, DCs sense the presence of a myriad of pathogens, including Plasmodium spp., the causative agent of malaria. Despite many efforts to control this infection, malaria is still responsible for high rates of morbidity and mortality. Different groups have shown that DCs act during Plasmodium infection, and data suggest that the phenotypically distinct DCs subsets are key factors in the regulation of immunity during infection. In this review, we will discuss the importance of DCs for the induction of immunity against the different stages of Plasmodium, the outcomes of DCs activation, and also what is currently known about Plasmodium components that trigger such activation.
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8
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Deroost K, Pham TT, Opdenakker G, Van den Steen PE. The immunological balance between host and parasite in malaria. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2015; 40:208-57. [PMID: 26657789 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuv046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Coevolution of humans and malaria parasites has generated an intricate balance between the immune system of the host and virulence factors of the parasite, equilibrating maximal parasite transmission with limited host damage. Focusing on the blood stage of the disease, we discuss how the balance between anti-parasite immunity versus immunomodulatory and evasion mechanisms of the parasite may result in parasite clearance or chronic infection without major symptoms, whereas imbalances characterized by excessive parasite growth, exaggerated immune reactions or a combination of both cause severe pathology and death, which is detrimental for both parasite and host. A thorough understanding of the immunological balance of malaria and its relation to other physiological balances in the body is of crucial importance for developing effective interventions to reduce malaria-related morbidity and to diminish fatal outcomes due to severe complications. Therefore, we discuss in this review the detailed mechanisms of anti-malarial immunity, parasite virulence factors including immune evasion mechanisms and pathogenesis. Furthermore, we propose a comprehensive classification of malaria complications according to the different types of imbalances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrien Deroost
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium The Francis Crick Institute, Mill Hill Laboratory, London, NW71AA, UK
| | - Thao-Thy Pham
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ghislain Opdenakker
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Philippe E Van den Steen
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
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9
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Horstmeyer R, Chen RY, Ou X, Ames B, Tropp JA, Yang C. Solving ptychography with a convex relaxation. NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS 2015; 17:053044. [PMID: 26146480 PMCID: PMC4486359 DOI: 10.1088/1367-2630/17/5/053044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Ptychography is a powerful computational imaging technique that transforms a collection of low-resolution images into a high-resolution sample reconstruction. Unfortunately, algorithms that currently solve this reconstruction problem lack stability, robustness, and theoretical guarantees. Recently, convex optimization algorithms have improved the accuracy and reliability of several related reconstruction efforts. This paper proposes a convex formulation of the ptychography problem. This formulation has no local minima, it can be solved using a wide range of algorithms, it can incorporate appropriate noise models, and it can include multiple a priori constraints. The paper considers a specific algorithm, based on low-rank factorization, whose runtime and memory usage are near-linear in the size of the output image. Experiments demonstrate that this approach offers a 25% lower background variance on average than alternating projections, the ptychographic reconstruction algorithm that is currently in widespread use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roarke Horstmeyer
- Department of Electrical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Richard Y Chen
- Department of Computing and Mathematical Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Xiaoze Ou
- Department of Electrical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Brendan Ames
- Department of Mathematics, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA
| | - Joel A Tropp
- Department of Computing and Mathematical Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Changhuei Yang
- Department of Electrical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
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10
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Ou X, Horstmeyer R, Zheng G, Yang C. High numerical aperture Fourier ptychography: principle, implementation and characterization. OPTICS EXPRESS 2015; 23:3472-91. [PMID: 25836203 PMCID: PMC5802253 DOI: 10.1364/oe.23.003472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Revised: 01/05/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Fourier ptychography (FP) utilizes illumination control and computational post-processing to increase the resolution of bright-field microscopes. In effect, FP extends the fixed numerical aperture (NA) of an objective lens to form a larger synthetic system NA. Here, we build an FP microscope (FPM) using a 40X 0.75NA objective lens to synthesize a system NA of 1.45. This system achieved a two-slit resolution of 335 nm at a wavelength of 632 nm. This resolution closely adheres to theoretical prediction and is comparable to the measured resolution (315 nm) associated with a standard, commercially available 1.25 NA oil immersion microscope. Our work indicates that Fourier ptychography is an attractive method to improve the resolution-versus-NA performance, increase the working distance, and enlarge the field-of-view of high-resolution bright-field microscopes by employing lower NA objectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoze Ou
- Department of Electrical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - Roarke Horstmeyer
- Department of Electrical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - Guoan Zheng
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
- Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - Changhuei Yang
- Department of Electrical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
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11
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Abstract
Malaria, which is caused by Plasmodium parasite erythrocyte infection, is a highly inflammatory disease with characteristic periodic fevers caused by the synchronous rupture of infected erythrocytes to release daughter parasites. Despite the importance of inflammation in the pathology and mortality induced by malaria, the parasite-derived factors inducing the inflammatory response are still not well characterized. Uric acid is emerging as a central inflammatory molecule in malaria. Not only is uric acid found in the precipitated form in infected erythrocytes, but high concentrations of hypoxanthine, a precursor for uric acid, also accumulate in infected erythrocytes. Both are released upon infected erythrocyte rupture into the circulation where hypoxanthine would be converted into uric acid and precipitated uric acid would encounter immune cells. Uric acid is an important contributor to inflammatory cytokine secretion, dendritic cell and T cell responses induced by Plasmodium, suggesting uric acid as a novel molecular target for anti-inflammatory therapies in malaria.
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12
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Neumann K, Castiñeiras-Vilariño M, Höckendorf U, Hannesschläger N, Lemeer S, Kupka D, Meyermann S, Lech M, Anders HJ, Kuster B, Busch DH, Gewies A, Naumann R, Groß O, Ruland J. Clec12a is an inhibitory receptor for uric acid crystals that regulates inflammation in response to cell death. Immunity 2014; 40:389-99. [PMID: 24631154 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2013.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2013] [Accepted: 12/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Recognition of cell death by the innate immune system triggers inflammatory responses. However, how these reactions are regulated is not well understood. Here, we identify the inhibitory C-type lectin receptor Clec12a as a specific receptor for dead cells. Both human and mouse Clec12a could physically sense uric acid crystals (monosodium urate, MSU), which are key danger signals for cell-death-induced immunity. Clec12a inhibited inflammatory responses to MSU in vitro, and Clec12a-deficient mice exhibited hyperinflammatory responses after being challenged with MSU or necrotic cells and after radiation-induced thymocyte killing in vivo. Thus, we identified a negative regulatory MSU receptor that controls noninfectious inflammation in response to cell death that has implications for autoimmunity and inflammatory disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin Neumann
- Institut für Klinische Chemie und Pathobiochemie, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Mercedes Castiñeiras-Vilariño
- Institut für Klinische Chemie und Pathobiochemie, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Ulrike Höckendorf
- Institut für Klinische Chemie und Pathobiochemie, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Nicole Hannesschläger
- Institut für Klinische Chemie und Pathobiochemie, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Simone Lemeer
- Lehrstuhl für Proteomik und Bioanalytik, Technische Universität München, Emil Erlenmeyer Forum 5, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Danny Kupka
- Institut für Klinische Chemie und Pathobiochemie, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Svenia Meyermann
- Institut für Klinische Chemie und Pathobiochemie, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Maciej Lech
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München (LMU), 80336 München, Germany
| | - Hans-Joachim Anders
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München (LMU), 80336 München, Germany
| | - Bernhard Kuster
- Lehrstuhl für Proteomik und Bioanalytik, Technische Universität München, Emil Erlenmeyer Forum 5, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Dirk H Busch
- Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und Hygiene, Technische Universität München, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas Gewies
- Institut für Klinische Chemie und Pathobiochemie, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Ronald Naumann
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Olaf Groß
- Institut für Klinische Chemie und Pathobiochemie, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Jürgen Ruland
- Institut für Klinische Chemie und Pathobiochemie, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, 81675 Munich, Germany.
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13
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Kalantari P, DeOliveira RB, Chan J, Corbett Y, Rathinam V, Stutz A, Latz E, Gazzinelli RT, Golenbock DT, Fitzgerald KA. Dual engagement of the NLRP3 and AIM2 inflammasomes by plasmodium-derived hemozoin and DNA during malaria. Cell Rep 2014; 6:196-210. [PMID: 24388751 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2013.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2013] [Revised: 11/12/2013] [Accepted: 12/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemozoin (Hz) is the crystalline detoxification product of hemoglobin in Plasmodium-infected erythrocytes. We previously proposed that Hz can carry plasmodial DNA into a subcellular compartment that is accessible to Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9), inducing an inflammatory signal. Hz also activates the NLRP3 inflammasome in primed cells. We found that Hz appears to colocalize with DNA in infected erythrocytes, even before RBC rupture or phagolysosomal digestion. Using synthetic Hz coated in vitro with plasmodial genomic DNA (gDNA) or CpG oligodeoxynucleotides, we observed that DNA-complexed Hz induced TLR9 translocation, providing a priming and an activation signal for inflammasomes. After phagocytosis, Hz and DNA dissociate. Hz subsequently induces phagolysosomal destabilization, allowing phagolysosomal contents access to the cytosol, where DNA receptors become activated. Similar observations were made with Plasmodium-infected RBCs. Finally, infected erythrocytes activated both the NLRP3 and AIM2 inflammasomes. These observations suggest that Hz and DNA work together to induce systemic inflammation during malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Kalantari
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Rosane B DeOliveira
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Jennie Chan
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Yolanda Corbett
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Via Pascal 36, Milano 20133, Italy
| | - Vijay Rathinam
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Andrea Stutz
- Institute of Innate Immunity, Biomedical Center, 1G008, University Hospitals, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Strasse 25, Bonn 53127, Germany
| | - Eicke Latz
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA; Institute of Innate Immunity, Biomedical Center, 1G008, University Hospitals, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Strasse 25, Bonn 53127, Germany
| | - Ricardo T Gazzinelli
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA; Department of Parasitology and Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Avenida Antonio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270, Brazil
| | - Douglas T Golenbock
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Katherine A Fitzgerald
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
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Tyberghein A, Deroost K, Schwarzer E, Arese P, Van den Steen PE. Immunopathological effects of malaria pigment or hemozoin and other crystals. Biofactors 2014; 40:59-78. [PMID: 23907956 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2013] [Revised: 05/01/2013] [Accepted: 05/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Blood-stage malaria parasites produce insoluble hemozoin (Hz) crystals that are released in the blood circulation upon schizont rupture. In general, endogenous crystal formation or inhalation of crystalline materials is often associated with pathology. As the immune system responds differently to crystalline particles than to soluble molecules, in this review, the properties, immunological recognition, and pathogenic responses of Hz are discussed, and compared with two other major pathogenic crystals, monosodium urate (MSU) and asbestos. Because of the size and shape of MSU crystals and asbestos fibers, phagolysosomal formation is inefficient and often results in leakage of lysosomal content in the cell cytoplasm and/or in the extracellular environment with subsequent cell damage and cell death. Phagolysosomal formation after Hz ingestion is normal, but Hz remains stored inside these cells for months or even longer without any detectable degradation. Nonetheless, the different types of crystals are recognized by similar immune receptors, involving Toll-like receptors, the inflammasome, antibodies, and/or complement factors, and through similar signaling cascades, they activate both proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory immune responses that contribute to inflammation-associated pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariane Tyberghein
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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15
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Guermonprez P, Helft J, Claser C, Deroubaix S, Karanje H, Gazumyan A, Darasse-Jèze G, Telerman SB, Breton G, Schreiber HA, Frias-Staheli N, Billerbeck E, Dorner M, Rice CM, Ploss A, Klein F, Swiecki M, Colonna M, Kamphorst AO, Meredith M, Niec R, Takacs C, Mikhail F, Hari A, Bosque D, Eisenreich T, Merad M, Shi Y, Ginhoux F, Rénia L, Urban BC, Nussenzweig MC. Inflammatory Flt3l is essential to mobilize dendritic cells and for T cell responses during Plasmodium infection. Nat Med 2013; 19:730-8. [PMID: 23685841 DOI: 10.1038/nm.3197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2012] [Accepted: 04/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Innate sensing mechanisms trigger a variety of humoral and cellular events that are essential to adaptive immune responses. Here we describe an innate sensing pathway triggered by Plasmodium infection that regulates dendritic cell homeostasis and adaptive immunity through Flt3 ligand (Flt3l) release. Plasmodium-induced Flt3l release in mice requires Toll-like receptor (TLR) activation and type I interferon (IFN) production. We found that type I IFN supports the upregulation of xanthine dehydrogenase, which metabolizes the xanthine accumulating in infected erythrocytes to uric acid. Uric acid crystals trigger mast cells to release soluble Flt3l from a pre-synthesized membrane-associated precursor. During infection, Flt3l preferentially stimulates expansion of the CD8-α(+) dendritic cell subset or its BDCA3(+) human dendritic cell equivalent and has a substantial impact on the magnitude of T cell activation, mostly in the CD8(+) compartment. Our findings highlight a new mechanism that regulates dendritic cell homeostasis and T cell responses to infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Guermonprez
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA.
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