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Senczuk G, Castiglia R, Colangelo P, Delaugerre M, Corti C. The role of island physiography in maintaining genetic diversity in the endemic Tyrrhenian wall lizard (
Podarcis tiliguerta
). J Zool (1987) 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/jzo.12705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G. Senczuk
- Sezione di Zoologia “La Specola” Museo di Storia Naturale dell'Università di Firenze Firenze Italia
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie “Charles Darwin” Università di Roma “La Sapienza” Rome Italia
| | - R. Castiglia
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie “Charles Darwin” Università di Roma “La Sapienza” Rome Italia
| | - P. Colangelo
- Istituto di Ricerca sugli Ecosistemi Terrestri (CNR‐IRET) Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Rome Italia
| | | | - C. Corti
- Sezione di Zoologia “La Specola” Museo di Storia Naturale dell'Università di Firenze Firenze Italia
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Tritsch C, Stuckas H, Martens J, Pentzold S, Kvist L, Lo Valvo M, Giacalone G, Tietze DT, Nazarenko AA, PÄckert M. Gene flow in the European coal tit, Periparus ater (Aves: Passeriformes): low among Mediterranean populations but high in a continental contact zone. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/bly043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Tritsch
- Senckenberg Natural History Collections, Königsbrücker Landstraße, Dresden, Germany
- Institute of Biology, Molecular Evolution & Animal Systematics, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Heiko Stuckas
- Senckenberg Natural History Collections, Königsbrücker Landstraße, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jochen Martens
- Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Stefan Pentzold
- Institute of Biology, Molecular Evolution & Animal Systematics, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
| | - Laura Kvist
- Department of Ecology and Genetics, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Mario Lo Valvo
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie biologiche, chimiche e farmaceutiche, Via Archirafi, Palermo, Italy
| | | | | | - Alexander A Nazarenko
- Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Martin PÄckert
- Senckenberg Natural History Collections, Königsbrücker Landstraße, Dresden, Germany
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Bisconti R, Tenchini R, Belfiore C, Nascetti G, Canestrelli D. Fast and accurate identification of cryptic and sympatric mayfly species of the Baetis rhodani group. BMC Res Notes 2018; 11:7. [PMID: 29310715 PMCID: PMC5759225 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-017-3115-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Species of the Baetis rhodani group are among the most widespread mayflies of the Palearctic region. However, frequent occurrence of morphologically cryptic species complicates the identification of sympatric species. Here, we proposed and tested a method for the fast, accurate, and cost-effective assignment of a large number of individuals to their putative species, based on high resolution melting profiles of a standard mitochondrial gene fragment. We tested this method using a system of three recently identified cryptic species inhabiting the Tyrrhenian Islands (western Mediterranean basin). RESULTS Highly species-specific high resolution melting profiles were obtained, allowing the unequivocal attribution of each individual to the respective species. This assay provides a convenient and easily customizable alternative to traditional barcoding approaches, provided that the mayfly taxa occurring within the geographic area of interest have been previously identified and their high resolution melting profiles assessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Bisconti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Ecologiche e Biologiche, Università degli Studi della Tuscia, Viale dell’Università s.n.c., 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Roberta Tenchini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Ecologiche e Biologiche, Università degli Studi della Tuscia, Viale dell’Università s.n.c., 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Carlo Belfiore
- Dipartimento di Scienze Ecologiche e Biologiche, Università degli Studi della Tuscia, Viale dell’Università s.n.c., 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Nascetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Ecologiche e Biologiche, Università degli Studi della Tuscia, Viale dell’Università s.n.c., 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Daniele Canestrelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Ecologiche e Biologiche, Università degli Studi della Tuscia, Viale dell’Università s.n.c., 01100 Viterbo, Italy
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Quaternary history, population genetic structure and diversity of the cold-adapted Alpine newt Ichthyosaura alpestris in peninsular Italy. Sci Rep 2017; 7:2955. [PMID: 28592856 PMCID: PMC5462806 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-03116-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mediterranean peninsulas are major biodiversity hotspots, and cold-adapted species are an important component of this biodiversity. However, cold-adapted species contributed surprisingly little to our knowledge of the intimate links between Quaternary environmental changes, species' responses to these changes, and current patterns of intraspecific biodiversity. Here, we investigated the genetic structure and evolutionary history of a cold-adapted amphibian, the Alpine newt Ichthyosaura alpestris, within the Italian peninsula. Nuclear and mitochondrial markers consistently identified three distinct genetic lineages, whose divergence dates to the Early Pleistocene (1.9 and 0.8 million years ago). Our results show that the Italian peninsula provided multiple Pleistocene refugia to this cold-adapted species, and suggest that allopatric fragmentation followed by secondary admixture have been key events in the formation of its current pattern of genetic diversity. Indeed, estimates of population genetic diversity clearly identified contact populations as those achieving the highest levels of diversity. Such concordance among cold-adapted and temperate species in terms of processes triggering the formation of regional patterns of genetic diversity provides strong support for the hypothesis that gene exchange between divergent lineages, rather than long-term stability of refugial populations, has been the main step toward the formation of hotspots of intraspecific biodiversity.
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Salvi D, Pinho C, Harris DJ. Digging up the roots of an insular hotspot of genetic diversity: decoupled mito-nuclear histories in the evolution of the Corsican-Sardinian endemic lizard Podarcis tiliguerta. BMC Evol Biol 2017; 17:63. [PMID: 28253846 PMCID: PMC5335832 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-017-0899-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mediterranean islands host a disproportionately high level of biodiversity and endemisms. Growing phylogeographic evidence on island endemics has unveiled unexpectedly complex patterns of intra-island diversification, which originated at diverse spatial and temporal scales. We investigated multilocus genetic variation of the Corsican-Sardinian endemic lizard Podarcis tiliguerta with the aim of shedding more light on the evolutionary processes underlying the origin of Mediterranean island biodiversity. RESULTS We analysed DNA sequences of mitochondrial (12S and nd4) and nuclear (acm4 and mc1r) gene fragments in 174 individuals of P. tiliguerta from 81 localities across the full range of the species in a geographic and genealogical framework. We found surprisingly high genetic diversity both at mitochondrial and nuclear loci. Seventeen reciprocally monophyletic allopatric mitochondrial haplogroups were sharply divided into four main mitochondrial lineages (two in Corsica and two in Sardinia) of Miocene origin. In contrast, shallow divergence and shared diversity within and between islands was observed at the nuclear loci. We evaluated alternative biogeographic and evolutionary scenarios to explain such profound discordance in spatial and phylogenetic patterning between mitochondrial and nuclear genomes. While neutral models provided unparsimonious explanations for the observed pattern, the hypothesis of environmental selection driving mitochondrial divergence in the presence of nuclear gene flow is favoured. CONCLUSIONS Our study on the genetic variation of P. tiliguerta reveals surprising levels of diversity underlining a complex phylogeographic pattern with a striking example of mito-nuclear discordance. These findings have profound implications, not only for the taxonomy and conservation of P. tiliguerta. Growing evidence on deep mitochondrial breaks in absence of geographic barriers and of climatic factors associated to genetic variation of Corsican-Sardinian endemics warrants additional investigation on the potential role of environmental selection driving the evolution of diversity hotspots within Mediterranean islands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Salvi
- Department of Health, Life and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 Coppito, L'Aquila, Italy. .,CIBIO-InBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Campus Agrário de Vairão, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal.
| | - Catarina Pinho
- CIBIO-InBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Campus Agrário de Vairão, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal
| | - D James Harris
- CIBIO-InBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Campus Agrário de Vairão, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal
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Ball SE, Bovero S, Sotgiu G, Tessa G, Angelini C, Bielby J, Durrant C, Favelli M, Gazzaniga E, Garner TWJ. Islands within an island: Population genetic structure of the endemic Sardinian newt, Euproctus platycephalus. Ecol Evol 2017; 7:1190-1211. [PMID: 28303189 PMCID: PMC5306002 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.2665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The identification of historic and contemporary barriers to dispersal is central to the conservation of endangered amphibians, but may be hindered by their complex life history and elusive nature. The complementary information generated by mitochondrial (mtDNA) and microsatellite markers generates a valuable tool in elucidating population structure and the impact of habitat fragmentation. We applied this approach to the study of an endangered montane newt, Euproctus platycephalus. Endemic to the Mediterranean island of Sardinia, it is threatened by anthropogenic activity, disease, and climate change. We have demonstrated a clear hierarchy of structure across genetically divergent and spatially distinct subpopulations. Divergence between three main mountain regions dominated genetic partitioning with both markers. Mitochondrial phylogeography revealed a deep division dating to ca. 1 million years ago (Mya), isolating the northern region, and further differentiation between the central and southern regions ca. 0.5 Mya, suggesting an association with Pleistocene severe glacial oscillations. Our findings are consistent with a model of southward range expansion during glacial periods, with postglacial range retraction to montane habitat and subsequent genetic isolation. Microsatellite markers revealed further strong population structure, demonstrating significant divergence within the central region, and partial differentiation within the south. The northern population showed reduced genetic diversity. Discordance between mitochondrial and microsatellite markers at this scale indicated a further complexity of population structure, in keeping with male-biased dispersal and female philopatry. Our study underscores the need to elucidate cryptic population structure in the ecology and conservation strategies for endangered island-restricted amphibians, especially in the context of disease and climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E. Ball
- Institute of ZoologyThe Zoological Society of LondonLondonUK
| | - Stefano Bovero
- Zirichiltaggi S. W. C. Non‐profit Association for Wildlife ConservationSassariItaly
| | - Giuseppe Sotgiu
- Zirichiltaggi S. W. C. Non‐profit Association for Wildlife ConservationSassariItaly
| | - Giulia Tessa
- Zirichiltaggi S. W. C. Non‐profit Association for Wildlife ConservationSassariItaly
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Biologia dei SistemiUniversita degli Studi di TorinoTorinoItaly
| | - Claudio Angelini
- Zirichiltaggi S. W. C. Non‐profit Association for Wildlife ConservationSassariItaly
| | - Jon Bielby
- Institute of ZoologyThe Zoological Society of LondonLondonUK
- Zirichiltaggi S. W. C. Non‐profit Association for Wildlife ConservationSassariItaly
| | | | - Marco Favelli
- Zirichiltaggi S. W. C. Non‐profit Association for Wildlife ConservationSassariItaly
| | - Enrico Gazzaniga
- Zirichiltaggi S. W. C. Non‐profit Association for Wildlife ConservationSassariItaly
| | - Trenton W. J. Garner
- Institute of ZoologyThe Zoological Society of LondonLondonUK
- Zirichiltaggi S. W. C. Non‐profit Association for Wildlife ConservationSassariItaly
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Thanou E, Kornilios P, Poursanidis D, Parmakelis A, Arnedo MA, Chatzaki M. Exploring the role of within-island ecogeographical factors: insights from the genetic diversity of Cretan trap-door spiders (Cyrtocarenum cunicularium, Ctenizidae : Araneae). INVERTEBR SYST 2017. [DOI: 10.1071/is16082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Crete (Aegean Sea, Greece), like other Mediterranean islands, has a complex palaeogeographical history, including several cycles of fragmentation into palaeoislands and subsequent reconnection. Here, we use the Cretan trap-door spider Cyrtocarenum cunicularium as a model organism to explore the importance of within-island evolutionary processes, such as palaeogeographic events and climatic changes. We assessed the phylogeny, population clustering and historical demography of 61 specimens with mitochondrial (COI) and nuclear (H3) markers. We investigated the isolation-by-distance and spatial diffusion processes that have shaped their past and current distribution and estimated the effect of niche divergence, using species distribution modelling. Two genetic lineages have continuously been distributed in the west and east part of Crete during the last 2million years. Their genetic structure is concordant with Crete’s fragmentation into palaeoislands during the Pliocene and additionally affected by the sea-level oscillations and climatic changes due to the Pleistocenic glacial cycles. In central Crete, some evidence of genetic admixture between them was found, which needs to be further explored. According to species distribution modelling, the niche of each lineage corresponds to different environmental parameters, while isolation-by-distance was also detected. The divergence between the ‘West’ and ‘East’ lineages was promoted by palaeogeographical factors but seems to be maintained by the species’ poor dispersal abilities and the local ecological adaptation of each lineage. The case of the Cretan C. cunicularium highlights the additive effect of ecogeographical and behavioural factors in shaping insular biodiversity.
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Bisconti R, Canestrelli D, Tenchini R, Belfiore C, Buffagni A, Nascetti G. Cryptic diversity and multiple origins of the widespread mayfly species group Baetis rhodani (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) on northwestern Mediterranean islands. Ecol Evol 2016; 6:7901-7910. [PMID: 30128138 PMCID: PMC6093170 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.2465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Revised: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
How the often highly endemic biodiversity of islands originated has been debated for decades, and it remains a fervid research ground. Here, using mitochondrial and nuclear gene sequence analyses, we investigate the diversity, phylogenetic relationships, and evolutionary history of the mayfly Baetis gr. rhodani on the three largest northwestern Mediterranean islands (Sardinia, Corsica, Elba). We identify three distinct, largely co‐distributed, and deeply differentiated lineages, with divergences tentatively dated back to the Eocene–Oligocene transition. Bayesian population structure analyses reveal a lack of gene exchange between them, even at sites where they are syntopic, indicating that these lineages belong to three putative species. Their phylogenetic relationships with continental relatives, together with the dating estimates, support a role for three processes contributing to this diversity: (1) vicariance, primed by microplate disjunction and oceanic transgression; (2) dispersal from the continent; and (3) speciation within the island group. Thus, our results do not point toward a prevailing role for any of the previously invoked processes. Rather, they suggest that a variety of processes equally contributed to shape the diverse and endemic biota of this group of islands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Bisconti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Ecologiche e Biologiche Università della Tuscia Viterbo Italy
| | - Daniele Canestrelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Ecologiche e Biologiche Università della Tuscia Viterbo Italy
| | - Roberta Tenchini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Ecologiche e Biologiche Università della Tuscia Viterbo Italy.,Water Research Institute CNR - IRSA Brugherio MB Italy
| | - Carlo Belfiore
- Dipartimento di Scienze Ecologiche e Biologiche Università della Tuscia Viterbo Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Nascetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Ecologiche e Biologiche Università della Tuscia Viterbo Italy
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