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Ohnishi M, Kadohama N, Suzuki Y, Kajiyama T, Shichijo C, Ishizaki K, Fukaki H, Iida H, Kambara H, Mimura T. Involvement of Ca2+ in Vacuole Degradation Caused by a Rapid Temperature Decrease in Saintpaulia Palisade Cells: A Case of Gene Expression Analysis in a Specialized Small Tissue. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2015; 56:1297-1305. [PMID: 25941231 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcv048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Saintpaulia (African violet) leaves are known to be damaged by a rapid temperature decrease when cold water is applied to the leaf surface; the injury is ascribed to the chloroplast damage caused by the cytosolic pH decrease following the degradation of the vacuolar membrane in the palisade cells. In this report, we present evidence for the involvement of Ca(2+) in facilitating the collapse of the vacuolar membrane and in turn in the temperature sensitivity of Saintpaulia leaves. In the presence of a Ca(2+) chelator (EGTA) or certain Ca(2+) channel inhibitors (Gd(3+) or La(3+)) but not others (verapamil or nifedipine), the pH of the vacuole, monitored through BCECF (2',7'-bis(carboxyethyl)-4 or 5-carboxyfluorescein) fluorescence, did not increase in response to a rapid temperature drop. These pharmacological observations are consistent with the involvement of mechanosensitive Ca(2+) channels in the collapse of the vacuolar membrane. The high level of expression of an MCA- (Arabidopsis mechanosensitive Ca(2+) channel) like gene, a likely candidate for a mechanosensitive Ca(2+) channel(s) in plant cells, was confirmed in the palisade tissue in Saintpaulia leaves by using a newly developed method of gene expression analysis for the specialized small tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miwa Ohnishi
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Rokkodai-cho 1-1, Nada-ku, Kobe, 657-8501 Japan
| | - Noriaki Kadohama
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Rokkodai-cho 1-1, Nada-ku, Kobe, 657-8501 Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Suzuki
- Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Kanagawa University, Tsuchiya 2946, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa, 259-1293 Japan
| | - Tomoharu Kajiyama
- Central Research Laboratory, Hitachi, Ltd., 1-280 Higashi-Koigakubo, Kokubunji-shi, Tokyo, 185-8601, Japan
| | - Chizuko Shichijo
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Rokkodai-cho 1-1, Nada-ku, Kobe, 657-8501 Japan
| | - Kimitsune Ishizaki
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Rokkodai-cho 1-1, Nada-ku, Kobe, 657-8501 Japan
| | - Hidehiro Fukaki
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Rokkodai-cho 1-1, Nada-ku, Kobe, 657-8501 Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Iida
- Department of Biology, Tokyo Gakugei University, Koganei-shi, Tokyo, 184-8501 Japan
| | - Hideki Kambara
- Central Research Laboratory, Hitachi, Ltd., 1-280 Higashi-Koigakubo, Kokubunji-shi, Tokyo, 185-8601, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Mimura
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Rokkodai-cho 1-1, Nada-ku, Kobe, 657-8501 Japan
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Paz RC, Reinoso H, Espasandin FD, González Antivilo FA, Sansberro PA, Rocco RA, Ruiz OA, Menéndez AB. Akaline, saline and mixed saline-alkaline stresses induce physiological and morpho-anatomical changes in Lotus tenuis shoots. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2014; 16:1042-9. [PMID: 24597843 DOI: 10.1111/plb.12156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2013] [Accepted: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Saline, alkaline and mixed saline-alkaline conditions frequently co-occur in soil. In this work, we compared these plant stress sources on the legume Lotus tenuis, regarding their effects on shoot growth and leaf and stem anatomy. In addition, we aimed to gain insight on the plant physiological status of stressed plants. We performed pot experiments with four treatments: control without salt (pH = 5.8; EC = 1.2 dS·m(-1)) and three stress conditions, saline (100 mM NaCl, pH = 5.8; EC = 11.0 dS·m(-1)), alkaline (10 mM NaHCO3, pH = 8.0, EC = 1.9 dS·m(-1)) and mixed salt-alkaline (10 mM NaHCO3 + 100 mM NaCl, pH = 8.0, EC = 11.0 dS·m(-1)). Neutral and alkaline salts produced a similar level of growth inhibition on L. tenuis shoots, whereas their mixture exacerbated their detrimental effects. Our results showed that none of the analysed morpho-anatomical parameters categorically differentiated one stress from the other. However, NaCl- and NaHCO3 -derived stress could be discriminated to different extents and/or directions of changes in some of the anatomical traits. For example, alkalinity led to increased stomatal opening, unlike NaCl-treated plants, where a reduction in stomatal aperture was observed. Similarly, plants from the mixed saline-alkaline treatment characteristically lacked palisade mesophyll in their leaves. The stem cross-section and vessel areas, as well as the number of vascular bundles in the sectioned stem were reduced in all treatments. A rise in the number of vessel elements in the xylem was recorded in NaCl-treated plants, but not in those treated exclusively with NaHCO3.
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Affiliation(s)
- R C Paz
- Unidad de Biotecnología 1, IIB-IINTECH/UNSAM-CONICET, Chascomús, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias (FCA), Instituto de Biotecnología Agrícola de Mendoza (IBAM), Mendoza, Argentina
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Tonoplast Lipid Composition and Proton Pump of Pineapple Fruit During Low-Temperature Storage and Blackheart Development. J Membr Biol 2014; 247:429-39. [DOI: 10.1007/s00232-014-9650-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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