1
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Konno T, Murachi H, Otsuka K, Kimura Y, Sampei C, Arasaki Y, Kohara Y, Hayata T. Ctdnep1 phosphatase is required for negative regulation of RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation in RAW264.7 cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 719:150063. [PMID: 38749090 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Osteoclasts are multinucleated cells with bone resorption activity. Excessive osteoclast activity has been implicated in osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and bone destruction due to bone metastases from cancer, making osteoclasts essential target cells in bone and joint diseases. C-terminal domain nuclear envelope phosphatase 1 (Ctdnep1, formerly Dullard) is a negative regulator of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β superfamily signaling and regulates endochondral ossification in mesenchymal cells during skeletal development. In this study, we investigated the role of Ctdnep1 in the Receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand (RANKL)-induced RAW264.7 osteoclast differentiation. Expression of Ctdnep1 did not change during osteoclast differentiation; Ctdnep1 protein localized to the cytoplasm before and after osteoclast differentiation. Small interfering RNA-mediated knockdown of Ctdnep1 increased tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive multinucleated osteoclasts and the expression of osteoclast marker genes, including Acp5, Ctsk, and Nfatc1. Interestingly, the knockdown of Ctdnep1 increased the protein level of Nfatc1 in cells unstimulated with RANKL. Knockdown of Ctdnep1 also enhanced calcium-resorbing activity. Mechanistically, the knockdown of Ctdnep1 increased the phosphorylation of RANKL signaling components. These results suggest that Ctdnep1 negatively regulates osteoclast differentiation by suppressing the RANKL signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuto Konno
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 287-8510, Japan
| | - Hitomi Murachi
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 287-8510, Japan
| | - Kanon Otsuka
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 287-8510, Japan
| | - Yuta Kimura
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 287-8510, Japan
| | - Chisato Sampei
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 287-8510, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Arasaki
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 287-8510, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Kohara
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 287-8510, Japan
| | - Tadayoshi Hayata
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 287-8510, Japan.
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2
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Gunn AL, Yashchenko AI, Dubrulle J, Johnson J, Hatch EM. A high-content screen reveals new regulators of nuclear membrane stability. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6013. [PMID: 38472343 PMCID: PMC10933478 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56613-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Nuclear membrane rupture is a physiological response to multiple in vivo processes, such as cell migration, that can cause extensive genome instability and upregulate invasive and inflammatory pathways. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of rupture are unclear and few regulators have been identified. In this study, we developed a reporter that is size excluded from re-compartmentalization following nuclear rupture events. This allows for robust detection of factors influencing nuclear integrity in fixed cells. We combined this with an automated image analysis pipeline in a high-content siRNA screen to identify new proteins that both increase and decrease nuclear rupture frequency in cancer cells. Pathway analysis identified an enrichment of nuclear membrane and ER factors in our hits and we demonstrate that one of these, the protein phosphatase CTDNEP1, is required for nuclear stability. Analysis of known rupture determinants, including an automated quantitative analysis of nuclear lamina gaps, are consistent with CTDNEP1 acting independently of actin and nuclear lamina organization. Our findings provide new insights into the molecular mechanism of nuclear rupture and define a highly adaptable program for rupture analysis that removes a substantial barrier to new discoveries in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda L Gunn
- Divisions of Basic Sciences and Human Biology, The Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Artem I Yashchenko
- Divisions of Basic Sciences and Human Biology, The Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Julien Dubrulle
- Cellular Imaging Shared Resource, The Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jodiene Johnson
- Divisions of Basic Sciences and Human Biology, The Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Emily M Hatch
- Divisions of Basic Sciences and Human Biology, The Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
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3
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Gunn AL, Yashchenko AI, Dubrulle J, Johnson J, Hatch EM. A high-content screen reveals new regulators of nuclear membrane stability. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.05.30.542944. [PMID: 37398267 PMCID: PMC10312541 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.30.542944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear membrane rupture is a physiological response to multiple in vivo processes, such as cell migration, that can cause extensive genome instability and upregulate invasive and inflammatory pathways. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of rupture are unclear and few regulators have been identified. In this study, we developed a reporter that is size excluded from re-compartmentalization following nuclear rupture events. This allows for robust detection of factors influencing nuclear integrity in fixed cells. We combined this with an automated image analysis pipeline in a high-content siRNA screen to identify new proteins that both increase and decrease nuclear rupture frequency in cancer cells. Pathway analysis identified an enrichment of nuclear membrane and ER factors in our hits and we demonstrate that one of these, the protein phosphatase CTDNEP1, is required for nuclear stability. Further analysis of known rupture contributors, including a newly developed automated quantitative analysis of nuclear lamina gaps, strongly suggests that CTDNEP1 acts in a new pathway. Our findings provide new insights into the molecular mechanism of nuclear rupture and define a highly adaptable program for rupture analysis that removes a substantial barrier to new discoveries in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda L. Gunn
- Divisions of Basic Sciences and Human Biology, The Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, 1100 Fairview Ave, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
| | - Artem I. Yashchenko
- Divisions of Basic Sciences and Human Biology, The Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, 1100 Fairview Ave, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
| | - Julien Dubrulle
- Cellular Imaging Shared Resource, The Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, 1100 Fairview Ave, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
| | - Jodiene Johnson
- Divisions of Basic Sciences and Human Biology, The Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, 1100 Fairview Ave, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
| | - Emily M. Hatch
- Divisions of Basic Sciences and Human Biology, The Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, 1100 Fairview Ave, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
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4
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Rallabandi HR, Choi H, Cha H, Kim YJ. Research Trends in C-Terminal Domain Nuclear Envelope Phosphatase 1. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1338. [PMID: 37374122 DOI: 10.3390/life13061338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
C-terminal domain nuclear envelope phosphatase 1 (CTDNEP1, formerly Dullard) is a member of the newly emerging protein phosphatases and has been recognized in neuronal cell tissues in amphibians. It contains the phosphatase domain in the C-terminal, and the sequences are conserved in various taxa of organisms. CTDNEP1 has several roles in novel biological activities such as neural tube development in embryos, nuclear membrane biogenesis, regulation of bone morphogenetic protein signaling, and suppression of aggressive medulloblastoma. The three-dimensional structure of CTDNEP1 and the detailed action mechanisms of CTDNEP1's functions have yet to be determined for several reasons. Therefore, CTDNEP1 is a protein phosphatase of interest due to recent exciting and essential works. In this short review, we summarize the presented biological roles, possible substrates, interacting proteins, and research prospects of CTDNEP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harikrishna Reddy Rallabandi
- Department of Medicinal Bioscience and Nanotechnology Research Center, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea
| | - Haewon Choi
- Department of Medicinal Bioscience and Nanotechnology Research Center, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunseung Cha
- Department of Medicinal Bioscience and Nanotechnology Research Center, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Jun Kim
- Department of Medicinal Bioscience and Nanotechnology Research Center, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea
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5
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Wu GMJ, Chen ACH, Yeung WSB, Lee YL. Current progress on in vitro differentiation of ovarian follicles from pluripotent stem cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1166351. [PMID: 37325555 PMCID: PMC10267358 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1166351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Mammalian female reproduction requires a functional ovary. Competence of the ovary is determined by the quality of its basic unit-ovarian follicles. A normal follicle consists of an oocyte enclosed within ovarian follicular cells. In humans and mice, the ovarian follicles are formed at the foetal and the early neonatal stage respectively, and their renewal at the adult stage is controversial. Extensive research emerges recently to produce ovarian follicles in-vitro from different species. Previous reports demonstrated the differentiation of mouse and human pluripotent stem cells into germline cells, termed primordial germ cell-like cells (PGCLCs). The germ cell-specific gene expressions and epigenetic features including global DNA demethylation and histone modifications of the pluripotent stem cells-derived PGCLCs were extensively characterized. The PGCLCs hold potential for forming ovarian follicles or organoids upon cocultured with ovarian somatic cells. Intriguingly, the oocytes isolated from the organoids could be fertilized in-vitro. Based on the knowledge of in-vivo derived pre-granulosa cells, the generation of these cells from pluripotent stem cells termed foetal ovarian somatic cell-like cells was also reported recently. Despite successful in-vitro folliculogenesis from pluripotent stem cells, the efficiency remains low, mainly due to the lack of information on the interaction between PGCLCs and pre-granulosa cells. The establishment of in-vitro pluripotent stem cell-based models paves the way for understanding the critical signalling pathways and molecules during folliculogenesis. This article aims to review the developmental events during in-vivo follicular development and discuss the current progress of generation of PGCLCs, pre-granulosa and theca cells in-vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genie Min Ju Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Andy Chun Hang Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, Reproductive Medicine Center, The University of Hong Kong—Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Centre for Translational Stem Cell Biology, The Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong, China
| | - William Shu Biu Yeung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, Reproductive Medicine Center, The University of Hong Kong—Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Centre for Translational Stem Cell Biology, The Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yin Lau Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, Reproductive Medicine Center, The University of Hong Kong—Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Centre for Translational Stem Cell Biology, The Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong, China
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6
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Tekola-Ayele F, Zeng X, Chatterjee S, Ouidir M, Lesseur C, Hao K, Chen J, Tesfaye M, Marsit CJ, Workalemahu T, Wapner R. Placental multi-omics integration identifies candidate functional genes for birthweight. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2384. [PMID: 35501330 PMCID: PMC9061712 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30007-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal birthweight is associated with increased risk for cardiometabolic diseases in later life. Although the placenta is critical to fetal development and later life health, it has not been integrated into largescale functional genomics initiatives, and mechanisms of birthweight-associated variants identified by genome wide association studies (GWAS) are unclear. The goal of this study is to provide functional mechanistic insight into the causal pathway from a genetic variant to birthweight by integrating placental methylation and gene expression with established GWAS loci for birthweight. We identify placental DNA methylation and gene expression targets for several birthweight GWAS loci. The target genes are broadly enriched in cardiometabolic, immune response, and hormonal pathways. We find that methylation causally influences WNT3A, CTDNEP1, and RANBP2 expression in placenta. Multi-trait colocalization identifies PLEKHA1, FES, CTDNEP1, and PRMT7 as likely functional effector genes. These findings reveal candidate functional pathways that underpin the genetic regulation of birthweight via placental epigenetic and transcriptomic mechanisms. Clinical trial registration; ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT00912132.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fasil Tekola-Ayele
- Division of Population Health Research, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Xuehuo Zeng
- Division of Population Health Research, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Suvo Chatterjee
- Division of Population Health Research, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Marion Ouidir
- Division of Population Health Research, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Corina Lesseur
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ke Hao
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jia Chen
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Markos Tesfaye
- Section of Sensory Science and Metabolism (SenSMet), National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism & National Institute of Nursing Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Carmen J Marsit
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Tsegaselassie Workalemahu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maternal-Fetal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Ronald Wapner
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
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7
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Calero-Cuenca FJ, Osorio DS, Carvalho-Marques S, Sridhara SC, Oliveira LM, Jiao Y, Diaz J, Janota CS, Cadot B, Gomes ER. Ctdnep1 and Eps8L2 regulate dorsal actin cables for nuclear positioning during cell migration. Curr Biol 2021; 31:1521-1530.e8. [PMID: 33567288 PMCID: PMC8043254 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2021.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Cells actively position their nuclei within the cytoplasm for multiple cellular and physiological functions.1, 2, 3 Consequently, nuclear mispositioning is usually associated with cell dysfunction and disease, from muscular disorders to cancer metastasis.4, 5, 6, 7 Different cell types position their nuclei away from the leading edge during cell migration.8, 9, 10, 11 In migrating fibroblasts, nuclear positioning is driven by an actin retrograde flow originated at the leading edge that drives dorsal actin cables away from the leading edge. The dorsal actin cables connect to the nuclear envelope by the linker of nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton (LINC) complex on transmembrane actin-associated nuclear (TAN) lines.12, 13, 14 Dorsal actin cables are required for the formation of TAN lines. How dorsal actin cables are organized to promote TAN lines formation is unknown. Here, we report a role for Ctdnep1/Dullard, a nuclear envelope phosphatase,15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22 and the actin regulator Eps8L223, 24, 25 on nuclear positioning and cell migration. We demonstrate that Ctdnep1 and Eps8L2 directly interact, and this interaction is important for nuclear positioning and cell migration. We also show that Ctdnep1 and Eps8L2 are involved in the formation and thickness of dorsal actin cables required for TAN lines engagement during nuclear movement. We propose that Ctdnep1-Eps8L2 interaction regulates dorsal actin cables for nuclear movement during cell migration. Ctdnep1 and Eps8L2 are required for nuclear positioning and TAN lines formation Ctdnep1 directly interacts with Eps8L2 for nuclear movement and cell migration Ctdnep1-Eps8L2 interaction regulates dorsal actin organization
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco J Calero-Cuenca
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Daniel S Osorio
- Center for Research in Myology, INSERM U974, CNRS FRE3617, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Sorbonne Universités, GH Pitié Salpêtrière, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Sofia Carvalho-Marques
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Sreerama Chaitanya Sridhara
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Luis M Oliveira
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Yue Jiao
- Center for Research in Myology, INSERM U974, CNRS FRE3617, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Sorbonne Universités, GH Pitié Salpêtrière, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Jheimmy Diaz
- Center for Research in Myology, INSERM U974, CNRS FRE3617, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Sorbonne Universités, GH Pitié Salpêtrière, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Cátia S Janota
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Bruno Cadot
- Center for Research in Myology, INSERM U974, CNRS FRE3617, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Sorbonne Universités, GH Pitié Salpêtrière, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Edgar R Gomes
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal; Center for Research in Myology, INSERM U974, CNRS FRE3617, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Sorbonne Universités, GH Pitié Salpêtrière, 75013 Paris, France; Instituto de Histologia e Biologia do Desenvolvimento, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal.
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8
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Hancock GV, Wamaitha SE, Peretz L, Clark AT. Mammalian primordial germ cell specification. Development 2021; 148:148/6/dev189217. [PMID: 33722957 DOI: 10.1242/dev.189217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The peri-implantation window of mammalian development is the crucial window for primordial germ cell (PGC) specification. Whereas pre-implantation dynamics are relatively conserved between species, the implantation window marks a stage of developmental divergence between key model organisms, and thus potential variance in the cell and molecular mechanisms for PGC specification. In humans, PGC specification is very difficult to study in vivo To address this, the combined use of human and nonhuman primate embryos, and stem cell-based embryo models are essential for determining the origin of PGCs, as are comparative analyses to the equivalent stages of mouse development. Understanding the origin of PGCs in the peri-implantation embryo is crucial not only for accurate modeling of this essential process using stem cells, but also in determining the role of global epigenetic reprogramming upon which sex-specific differentiation into gametes relies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace V Hancock
- Department of Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.,Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.,Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Sissy E Wamaitha
- Department of Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.,Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Lior Peretz
- Department of Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Amander T Clark
- Department of Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA .,Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.,Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.,Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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9
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Darrigrand JF, Valente M, Comai G, Martinez P, Petit M, Nishinakamura R, Osorio DS, Renault G, Marchiol C, Ribes V, Cadot B. Dullard-mediated Smad1/5/8 inhibition controls mouse cardiac neural crest cells condensation and outflow tract septation. eLife 2020; 9:e50325. [PMID: 32105214 PMCID: PMC7069721 DOI: 10.7554/elife.50325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The establishment of separated pulmonary and systemic circulation in vertebrates, via cardiac outflow tract (OFT) septation, is a sensitive developmental process accounting for 10% of all congenital anomalies. Neural Crest Cells (NCC) colonising the heart condensate along the primitive endocardial tube and force its scission into two tubes. Here, we show that NCC aggregation progressively decreases along the OFT distal-proximal axis following a BMP signalling gradient. Dullard, a nuclear phosphatase, tunes the BMP gradient amplitude and prevents NCC premature condensation. Dullard maintains transcriptional programs providing NCC with mesenchymal traits. It attenuates the expression of the aggregation factor Sema3c and conversely promotes that of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition driver Twist1. Altogether, Dullard-mediated fine-tuning of BMP signalling ensures the timed and progressive zipper-like closure of the OFT by the NCC and prevents the formation of a heart carrying the congenital abnormalities defining the tetralogy of Fallot.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mariana Valente
- Cellular, Molecular, and Physiological Mechanisms of Heart Failure team, Paris-Cardiovascular Research Center (PARCC), European Georges Pompidou Hospital (HEGP), INSERM U970, F-75737ParisFrance
| | - Glenda Comai
- Stem Cells and Development, Department of Developmental & Stem Cell Biology, CNRS UMR 3738, Institut PasteurParisFrance
| | - Pauline Martinez
- INSERM - Sorbonne Université UMR974 - Center for Research in MyologyParisFrance
| | - Maxime Petit
- Unité Lymphopoïèse – INSERM U1223, Institut PasteurParisFrance
| | | | - Daniel S Osorio
- Cytoskeletal Dynamics Lab, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Biology, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do PortoPortoPortugal
| | - Gilles Renault
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM, CNRSParisFrance
| | - Carmen Marchiol
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM, CNRSParisFrance
| | - Vanessa Ribes
- Universite de Paris, Institut Jacques MonodCNRSParisFrance
| | - Bruno Cadot
- INSERM - Sorbonne Université UMR974 - Center for Research in MyologyParisFrance
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10
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Abstract
Medulloblastoma (MB) comprises a biologically heterogeneous group of embryonal tumours of the cerebellum. Four subgroups of MB have been described (WNT, sonic hedgehog (SHH), Group 3 and Group 4), each of which is associated with different genetic alterations, age at onset and prognosis. These subgroups have broadly been incorporated into the WHO classification of central nervous system tumours but still need to be accounted for to appropriately tailor disease risk to therapy intensity and to target therapy to disease biology. In this Primer, the epidemiology (including MB predisposition), molecular pathogenesis and integrative diagnosis taking histomorphology, molecular genetics and imaging into account are reviewed. In addition, management strategies, which encompass surgical resection of the tumour, cranio-spinal irradiation and chemotherapy, are discussed, together with the possibility of focusing more on disease biology and robust molecularly driven patient stratification in future clinical trials.
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11
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Sajiki K, Tahara Y, Uehara L, Sasaki T, Pluskal T, Yanagida M. Genetic regulation of mitotic competence in G 0 quiescent cells. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2018; 4:eaat5685. [PMID: 30116786 PMCID: PMC6093628 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aat5685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Quiescent (G0 phase) cells must maintain mitotic competence (MC) to restart the cell cycle. This is essential for reproduction in unicellular organisms and also for development and cell replacement in higher organisms. Recently, suppression of MC has gained attention as a possible therapeutic strategy for cancer. Using a Schizosaccharomyces pombe deletion-mutant library, we identified 85 genes required to maintain MC during the G0 phase induced by nitrogen deprivation. G0 cells must recycle proteins and RNA, governed by anabolism, catabolism, transport, and availability of small molecules such as antioxidants. Protein phosphatases are also essential to maintain MC. In particular, Nem1-Spo7 protects the nucleus from autophagy by regulating Ned1, a lipin. These genes, designated GZE (G-Zero Essential) genes, reveal the landscape of genetic regulation of MC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Sajiki
- G0 Cell Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University (OIST), Onna, Okinawa, Japan
- Corresponding author. (K.S.); (M.Y.)
| | - Yuria Tahara
- G0 Cell Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University (OIST), Onna, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Lisa Uehara
- G0 Cell Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University (OIST), Onna, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Toshio Sasaki
- Research Support Imaging Section, OIST, Onna, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Tomáš Pluskal
- G0 Cell Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University (OIST), Onna, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Yanagida
- G0 Cell Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University (OIST), Onna, Okinawa, Japan
- Corresponding author. (K.S.); (M.Y.)
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Hayata T, Chiga M, Ezura Y, Asashima M, Katabuchi H, Nishinakamura R, Noda M. Dullard deficiency causes hemorrhage in the adult ovarian follicles. Genes Cells 2018. [PMID: 29521016 DOI: 10.1111/gtc.12575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
In mammals, the ovarian follicles are regulated at least in part by bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) family members. Dullard (also known as Ctdnep1) gene encodes a phosphatase that suppresses BMP signaling by inactivating or degrading BMP receptors. Here we report that the Col1a1-Cre-induced Dullard mutant mice displayed hemorrhagic ovarian cysts, with red blood cells accumulated in the follicles, resulting in infertility. Cells expressing Cre driven by Col1a1 2.3-kb promoter and their descendants were found in granulosa cells in the ovary and in Sertoli cells in the testis. DullardmRNA was localized to granulosa cells in the ovary. Genes involved in steroid hormone genesis including Cyp11a1, Hsd3b1 and Star were reduced, whereas expression of Smad6 and Smad7, BMP-inducible inhibitory Smads, was up-regulated in the Dullard mutant ovaries. Tamoxifen-inducible Dullard deletion in the whole body using Rosa26-CreER mice also resulted in hemorrhagic ovarian cysts in 2 weeks, which was rescued by administration of LDN-193189, a chemical inhibitor of BMP receptor kinase, suggesting that the hemorrhage in the Dullard-deficient ovarian follicles might be caused by increased BMP signaling. Thus, we conclude that Dullard is essential for ovarian homeostasis at least in part via suppression of BMP signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadayoshi Hayata
- Department of Biological Signaling and Regulation, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.,Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical & Dental University, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiko Chiga
- Department of Kidney Development, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Chuo, Kumamoto, Kumamoto, Japan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Chuo, Kumamoto, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yoichi Ezura
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical & Dental University, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Hidetaka Katabuchi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Chuo, Kumamoto, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Nishinakamura
- Department of Kidney Development, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Chuo, Kumamoto, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Masaki Noda
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical & Dental University, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical & Dental University, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Yokohama City Minato Red Cross Hospital, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
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13
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Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway activation is required for proliferation of chicken primordial germ cells in vitro. Sci Rep 2016; 6:34510. [PMID: 27687983 PMCID: PMC5062643 DOI: 10.1038/srep34510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we investigated the role of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in chicken primordial germ cells (PGCs) in vitro. We confirmed the expression of Wnt signaling pathway-related genes and the localization of β-catenin in the nucleus, revealing that this pathway is potentially activated in chicken PGCs. Then, using the single-cell pick-up assay, we examined the proliferative capacity of cultured PGCs in response to Wnt ligands, a β-catenin-mediated Wnt signaling activator (6-bromoindirubin-3′-oxime [BIO]) or inhibitor (JW74), in the presence or absence of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). WNT1, WNT3A, and BIO promoted the proliferation of chicken PGCs similarly to bFGF, whereas JW74 inhibited this proliferation. Meanwhile, such treatments in combination with bFGF did not show a synergistic effect. bFGF treatment could not rescue PGC proliferation in the presence of JW74. In addition, we confirmed the translocation of β-catenin into the nucleus by the addition of bFGF after JW74 treatment. These results indicate that there is signaling crosstalk between FGF and Wnt, and that β-catenin acts on PGC proliferation downstream of bFGF. In conclusion, our study suggests that Wnt signaling enhances the proliferation of chicken PGCs via the stabilization of β-catenin and activation of its downstream genes.
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Cantú AV, Altshuler-Keylin S, Laird DJ. Discrete somatic niches coordinate proliferation and migration of primordial germ cells via Wnt signaling. J Cell Biol 2016; 214:215-29. [PMID: 27402951 PMCID: PMC4949447 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201511061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Inheritance depends on the expansion of a small number of primordial germ cells (PGCs) in the early embryo. Proliferation of mammalian PGCs is concurrent with their movement through changing microenvironments; however, mechanisms coordinating these conflicting processes remain unclear. Here, we find that PGC proliferation varies by location rather than embryonic age. Ror2 and Wnt5a mutants with mislocalized PGCs corroborate the microenvironmental regulation of the cell cycle, except in the hindgut, where Wnt5a is highly expressed. Molecular and genetic evidence suggests that Wnt5a acts via Ror2 to suppress β-catenin-dependent Wnt signaling in PGCs and limit their proliferation in specific locations, which we validate by overactivating β-catenin in PGCs. Our results suggest that the balance between expansion and movement of migratory PGCs is fine-tuned in different niches by the opposing β-catenin-dependent and Ror2-mediated pathways through Wnt5a This could serve as a selective mechanism to favor early and efficient migrators with clonal dominance in the ensuing germ cell pool while penalizing stragglers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea V Cantú
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Center for Reproductive Sciences, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94043
| | - Svetlana Altshuler-Keylin
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Center for Reproductive Sciences, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94043
| | - Diana J Laird
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Center for Reproductive Sciences, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94043
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Wang JQ, Cao WG. Key Signaling Events for Committing Mouse Pluripotent Stem Cells to the Germline Fate. Biol Reprod 2015; 94:24. [PMID: 26674564 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.115.135095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The process of germline development carries genetic information and preparatory totipotency across generations. The last decade has witnessed remarkable successes in the generation of germline cells from mouse pluripotent stem cells, especially induced germline cells with the capacity for producing viable offspring, suggesting clinical applications of induced germline cells in humans. However, to date, the culture systems for germline induction with accurate sex-specific meiosis and epigenetic reprogramming have not been well-established. In this study, we primarily focus on the mouse model to discuss key signaling events for germline induction. We review mechanisms of competent regulators on primordial germ cell induction and discuss current achievements and difficulties in inducing sex-specific germline development. Furthermore, we review the developmental identities of mouse embryonic stem cells and epiblast stem cells under certain defined culture conditions as it relates to the differentiation process of becoming germline cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Qi Wang
- Transgenic and Stem Cell Core, Institute of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wen-Guang Cao
- Transgenic and Stem Cell Core, Institute of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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Kurimoto K, Saitou M. Mechanism and Reconstitution In Vitro of Germ Cell Development in Mammals. COLD SPRING HARBOR SYMPOSIA ON QUANTITATIVE BIOLOGY 2015; 80:147-154. [PMID: 26642855 DOI: 10.1101/sqb.2015.80.027425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The germ cell lineage creates new individuals, perpetuating/diversifying the genetic and epigenetic information across generations. Based on the knowledge obtained through investigations into the mechanisms of germ cell specification and development in mice, we have succeeded in precisely reconstituting the specification and subsequent development of germ cells in culture in both males and females: Embryonic stem cells (ESCs)/induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are induced into epiblast-like cells (EpiLCs) and then into primordial germ cell-like cells (PGCLCs), which robustly contribute to spermatogenesis and oogenesis and to fertile offspring. This in vitro mouse PGC specification/development system has led to the elucidation of signaling, transcriptional, and epigenetic regulation during germ cell development in a detailed fashion. More recently, based on this system, we and others have demonstrated the induction of human PGCLCs from human ESCs/iPSCs, creating an opportunity for understanding the mechanism of human germ cell development in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Kurimoto
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan JST, ERATO, Yoshida-Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Mitinori Saitou
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan JST, ERATO, Yoshida-Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Ushinomiya-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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Yamaguchi YL, Tanaka SS, Kumagai M, Fujimoto Y, Terabayashi T, Matsui Y, Nishinakamura R. Sall4 is essential for mouse primordial germ cell specification by suppressing somatic cell program genes. Stem Cells 2015; 33:289-300. [PMID: 25263278 DOI: 10.1002/stem.1853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Accepted: 08/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The Spalt-like 4 (Sall4) zinc finger protein is a critical transcription factor for pluripotency in embryonic stem cells (ESCs). It is also involved in the formation of a variety of organs, in mice, and humans. We report the essential roles of Sall4 in mouse primordial germ cell (PGC) specification. PGC specification is accompanied by the activation of the stem cell program and repression of the somatic cell program in progenitor cells. Conditional inactivation of Sall4 during PGC specification led to a reduction in the number of PGCs in embryonic gonads. Sall4(del/del) PGCs failed to translocate from the mesoderm to the endoderm and underwent apoptosis. In Sall4(del/del) PGC progenitors, somatic cell program genes (Hoxa1 and Hoxb1) were derepressed, while activation of the stem cell program was not impaired. We demonstrated that in differentiated ESCs, Sall4 bound to these somatic cell program gene loci, which are reportedly occupied by Prdm1 in embryonic carcinoma cells. Given that Sall4 and Prdm1 are known to associate with the histone deacetylase repressor complex, our findings suggest that Sall4 suppresses the somatic cell program possibly by recruiting the repressor complex in conjunction with Prdm1; therefore, it is essential for PGC specification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuka L Yamaguchi
- Department of Kidney Development, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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Hayata T, Ezura Y, Asashima M, Nishinakamura R, Noda M, Noda M. Dullard/Ctdnep1 regulates endochondral ossification via suppression of TGF-β signaling. J Bone Miner Res 2015; 30:318-29. [PMID: 25155999 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.2343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2014] [Revised: 08/10/2014] [Accepted: 08/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β signaling plays critical roles during skeletal development and its excessive signaling causes genetic diseases of connective tissues including Marfan syndrome and acromelic dysplasia. However, the mechanisms underlying prevention of excessive TGF-β signaling in skeletogenesis remain unclear. We previously reported that Dullard/Ctdnep1 encoding a small phosphatase is required for nephron maintenance after birth through suppression of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling. Unexpectedly, we found that Dullard is involved in suppression of TGF-β signaling during endochondral ossification. Conditional Dullard-deficient mice in the limb and sternum mesenchyme by Prx1-Cre displayed the impaired growth and ossification of skeletal elements leading to postnatal lethality. Dullard was expressed in early cartilage condensations and later in growth plate chondrocytes. The tibia growth plate of newborn Dullard mutant mice showed reduction of the proliferative and hypertrophic chondrocyte layers. The sternum showed deformity of cartilage primordia and delayed hypertrophy. Micromass culture experiments revealed that Dullard deficiency enhanced early cartilage condensation and differentiation, but suppressed mineralized hypertrophic chondrocyte differentiation, which was reversed by treatment with TGF-β type I receptor kinase blocker LY-364947. Dullard deficiency induced upregulation of protein levels of both phospho-Smad2/3 and total Smad2/3 in micromass cultures without increase of Smad2/3 mRNA levels, suggesting that Dullard may affect Smad2/3 protein stability. The phospho-Smad2/3 level was also upregulated in perichondrium and hypertrophic chondrocytes in Dullard-deficient embryos. Response to TGF-β signaling was enhanced in Dullard-deficient primary chondrocyte cultures at late, but not early, time point. Moreover, perinatal administration of LY-364947 ameliorated the sternum deformity in vivo. Thus, we identified Dullard as a new negative regulator of TGF-β signaling in endochondral ossification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadayoshi Hayata
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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BMP signaling and its modifiers in kidney development. Pediatr Nephrol 2014; 29:681-6. [PMID: 24217785 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-013-2671-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2013] [Revised: 10/14/2013] [Accepted: 10/17/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The kidney develops through mutual interactions between the metanephric mesenchyme and the ureteric bud, the former of which contains nephron progenitors that give rise to glomeruli and renal tubules. Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling and its modifiers play important roles in many steps of kidney development. BMP4 inhibits ureteric bud attraction, and the BMP antagonist Gremlin is essential for the initial stage of ureteric budding. During mid-gestation, BMP7 maintains the nephron progenitors and, at the same time, sensitizes them to the ureteric bud-derived differentiation signal. Crossveinless2 is a pro-BMP factor, and its absence leads to kidney hypoplasia. After birth, when nephron progenitors have disappeared, Dullard, a phosphatase that inactivates BMP receptors, keeps BMP signaling at an appropriate level. Deletion of Dullard results in excessive BMP signaling and apoptosis of the postnatal nephrons. In this review I discuss the similarities and differences of BMP functions in kidney development, as well as in diseases.
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Aramaki S, Hayashi K, Kurimoto K, Ohta H, Yabuta Y, Iwanari H, Mochizuki Y, Hamakubo T, Kato Y, Shirahige K, Saitou M. A mesodermal factor, T, specifies mouse germ cell fate by directly activating germline determinants. Dev Cell 2014; 27:516-29. [PMID: 24331926 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2013.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2013] [Revised: 10/15/2013] [Accepted: 11/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Germ cells ensure reproduction and heredity. In mice, primordial germ cells (PGCs), the precursors for spermatozoa and oocytes, are induced in pluripotent epiblast by BMP4 and WNT3, yet the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, using an in vitro PGC specification system, we show that WNT3 induces many transcription factors associated with mesoderm in epiblast-like cells through β-CATENIN. Among these, T (BRACHYURY), a classical and conserved mesodermal factor, was essential for robust activation of Blimp1 and Prdm14, two of the germline determinants. T, but not SMAD1 or TCF1, binds distinct regulatory elements of both Blimp1 and Prdm14 and directly upregulates these genes, delineating the downstream PGC program. Without BMP4, a program induced by WNT3 prevents T from activating Blimp1 and Prdm14, demonstrating a permissive role of BMP4 in PGC specification. These findings establish the key signaling mechanism for, and a fundamental role of a mesodermal factor in, mammalian PGC specification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Aramaki
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan; Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Yoshida-Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Hayashi
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan; Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Yoshida-Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan; Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Kazuki Kurimoto
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan; Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Yoshida-Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ohta
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan; Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Yoshida-Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Yabuta
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan; Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Yoshida-Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroko Iwanari
- Department of Quantitative Biology and Medicine, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Komaba 4-6-1, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Mochizuki
- Department of Quantitative Biology and Medicine, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Komaba 4-6-1, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - Takao Hamakubo
- Department of Quantitative Biology and Medicine, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Komaba 4-6-1, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - Yuki Kato
- Laboratory of Genome Structure and Function, Center for Epigenetic Disease, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Yayoi 1-1-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Shirahige
- Laboratory of Genome Structure and Function, Center for Epigenetic Disease, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Yayoi 1-1-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
| | - Mitinori Saitou
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan; Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Yoshida-Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan; Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan; Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Ushinomiya-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
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Fujimoto Y, Tanaka S, Yamaguchi Y, Kobayashi H, Kuroki S, Tachibana M, Shinomura M, Kanai Y, Morohashi KI, Kawakami K, Nishinakamura R. Homeoproteins Six1 and Six4 Regulate Male Sex Determination and Mouse Gonadal Development. Dev Cell 2013; 26:416-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2013.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2012] [Revised: 06/11/2013] [Accepted: 06/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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