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Weinheimer M, Fricker G, Burhenne J, Mylius P, Schubert R. The application of P-gp inhibiting phospholipids as novel oral bioavailability enhancers - An in vitro and in vivo comparison. Eur J Pharm Sci 2016; 108:13-22. [PMID: 27590127 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2016.08.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Revised: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The efflux transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp) significantly modulates drug transport across the intestinal mucosa, strongly reducing the systemic absorption of various active pharmaceutical ingredients. P-gp inhibitors could serve as helpful tools to enhance the oral bioavailability of those substances. As a membrane-associated protein P-gp is surrounded and influenced by phospholipids. Some synthetic phospholipids have been found to strongly reduce P-gp's activity. In this study two representative phospholipids, 1,2-dioctanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (8:0 PC) and 1,2-didecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (10:0 PC), were compared with Tween® 80 and Cremophor® EL, both commonly used surfactants with P-gp inhibitory properties. Their influence on the cellular transport of the P-gp substrate rhodamine 123 (RH123) was examined using Caco-2 cell layers. In addition, fluorescence anisotropy measurements were performed in order to investigate their effect on membrane fluidity. Finally, we compared the phospholipids with Tween® 80 and the competitive P-gp inhibitor verapamil in an in vivo study, testing their effects on the oral bioavailability of the P-gp substrate drug ritonavir. Both phospholipids not only led to the strongest absorption of RH123, but a permeability enhancing effect was detected in addition to the P-gp inhibition. Their effects on membrane fluidity were not consistent with their P-gp inhibiting effects, and therefore suggested a more complex mode of action. Both phospholipids significantly increased the area under the ritonavir plasma level curve (AUC) within 150min by more than tenfold, but were inferior to Tween® 80, which showed superior solubilizing effects. Finally, these phospholipids represent a novel substance class showing a high permeabilization potential for P-gp substrates. Because of their physiological structure and intestinal degradability, good tolerability without systemic absorption is expected. Formulating P-gp substrates with an originally low oral bioavailability is a difficult task, requiring concerted interplay of all excipients. P-gp inhibiting phospholipids offer a new tool to help cope with these challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Weinheimer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Albert Ludwig University Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Str. 9, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Gert Fricker
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuheimer Feld 329, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Jürgen Burhenne
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, D-69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Patricia Mylius
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Albert Ludwig University Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Str. 9, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Rolf Schubert
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Albert Ludwig University Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Str. 9, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany.
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Pharmacophore modeling and 3D-QSAR studies of galloyl benzamides as potent P-gp inhibitors. Med Chem Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-016-1556-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Abstract
Multidrug-resistance (MDR) phenomena are a worldwide health concern. ATP-binding cassette efflux pumps as P-glycoprotein have been thoroughly studied in a frantic run to develop new efflux modulators capable to reverse MDR phenotypes. The study of efflux pumps has provided some key aspects on drug extrusion, however the answers could not be found solely on ATP-binding cassette transporters. Its counterpart – the plasma membrane – is now emerging as a critical structure able to modify drug behavior and efflux pump activity. Alterations in the membrane surrounding P-glycoprotein are now known to modulate drug efflux, with membrane-related biophysical, biochemical and mechanical aspects further increasing the complexity of an already multifaceted phenomena. This review summarizes the main knowledge comprising the plasma membrane role in MDR.
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Lucas X, Grüning BA, Bleher S, Günther S. The purchasable chemical space: a detailed picture. J Chem Inf Model 2015; 55:915-24. [PMID: 25894297 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.5b00116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The screening of a reduced yet diverse and synthesizable region of the chemical space is a critical step in drug discovery. The ZINC database is nowadays routinely used to freely access and screen millions of commercially available compounds. We collected ∼125 million compounds from chemical catalogs and the ZINC database, yielding more than 68 million unique molecules, including a large portion of described natural products (NPs) and drugs. The data set was filtered using advanced medicinal chemistry rules to remove potentially toxic, promiscuous, metabolically labile, or reactive compounds. We studied the physicochemical properties of this compilation and identified millions of NP-like, fragment-like, inhibitors of protein-protein interactions (i-PPIs) like, and drug-like compounds. The related focused libraries were subjected to a detailed scaffold diversity analysis and compared to reference NPs and marketed drugs. This study revealed thousands of diverse chemotypes with distinct representations of building block combinations among the data sets. An analysis of the stereogenic and shape complexity properties of the libraries also showed that they present well-defined levels of complexity, following the tendency: i-PPIs-like < drug-like < fragment-like < NP-like. As the collected compounds have huge interest in drug discovery and particularly virtual screening and library design, we offer a freely available collection comprising over 37 million molecules under: http://pbox.pharmaceutical-bioinformatics.org , as well as the filtering rules used to build the focused libraries described herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Lucas
- Pharmaceutical Bioinformatics, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Albert-Ludwigs-University, Hermann-Herder-Str. 9, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Björn A Grüning
- Pharmaceutical Bioinformatics, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Albert-Ludwigs-University, Hermann-Herder-Str. 9, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Bleher
- Pharmaceutical Bioinformatics, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Albert-Ludwigs-University, Hermann-Herder-Str. 9, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Günther
- Pharmaceutical Bioinformatics, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Albert-Ludwigs-University, Hermann-Herder-Str. 9, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
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Ferreira RJ, Ferreira MJU, dos Santos DJVA. Reversing cancer multidrug resistance: insights into the efflux by ABC transports fromin silicostudies. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-COMPUTATIONAL MOLECULAR SCIENCE 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/wcms.1196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo J. Ferreira
- Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia; Universidade de Lisboa; Lisboa Portugal
| | - Maria-José U. Ferreira
- Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia; Universidade de Lisboa; Lisboa Portugal
| | - Daniel J. V. A. dos Santos
- Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia; Universidade de Lisboa; Lisboa Portugal
- REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences; University of Porto; Porto Portugal
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Feinstein WP, Brylinski M. eFindSite: Enhanced Fingerprint-Based Virtual Screening Against Predicted Ligand Binding Sites in Protein Models. Mol Inform 2014; 33:135-50. [PMID: 27485570 DOI: 10.1002/minf.201300143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2013] [Accepted: 12/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A standard practice for lead identification in drug discovery is ligand virtual screening, which utilizes computing technologies to detect small compounds that likely bind to target proteins prior to experimental screens. A high accuracy is often achieved when the target protein has a resolved crystal structure; however, using protein models still renders significant challenges. Towards this goal, we recently developed eFindSite that predicts ligand binding sites using a collection of effective algorithms, including meta-threading, machine learning and reliable confidence estimation systems. Here, we incorporate fingerprint-based virtual screening capabilities in eFindSite in addition to its flagship role as a ligand binding pocket predictor. Virtual screening benchmarks using the enhanced Directory of Useful Decoys demonstrate that eFindSite significantly outperforms AutoDock Vina as assessed by several evaluation metrics. Importantly, this holds true regardless of the quality of target protein structures. As a first genome-wide application of eFindSite, we conduct large-scale virtual screening of the entire proteome of Escherichia coli with encouraging results. In the new approach to fingerprint-based virtual screening using remote protein homology, eFindSite demonstrates its compelling proficiency offering a high ranking accuracy and low susceptibility to target structure deformations. The enhanced version of eFindSite is freely available to the academic community at http://www.brylinski.org/efindsite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei P Feinstein
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Michal Brylinski
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA. .,Center for Computation & Technology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.
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Xue X, Hall MD, Zhang Q, Wang PC, Gottesman MM, Liang XJ. Nanoscale drug delivery platforms overcome platinum-based resistance in cancer cells due to abnormal membrane protein trafficking. ACS NANO 2013; 7:10452-64. [PMID: 24219825 PMCID: PMC3907077 DOI: 10.1021/nn405004f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The development of cellular resistance to platinum-based chemotherapies is often associated with reduced intracellular platinum concentrations. In some models, this reduction is due to abnormal membrane protein trafficking, resulting in reduced uptake by transporters at the cell surface. Given the central role of platinum drugs in the clinic, it is critical to overcome cisplatin resistance by bypassing the plasma membrane barrier to significantly increase the intracellular cisplatin concentration enough to inhibit the proliferation of cisplatin-resistant cells. Therefore, rational design of appropriate nanoscale drug delivery platforms (nDDPs) loaded with cisplatin or other platinum analogues as payloads is a possible strategy to solve this problem. This review will focus on the known mechanism of membrane trafficking in cisplatin-resistant cells and the development and employment of nDDPs to improve cell uptake of cisplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Xue
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Peking University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
| | - Matthew D. Hall
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Peking University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
| | - Paul C. Wang
- Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Howard University, Washington D.C. 20060, USA
| | - Michael M. Gottesman
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Xing-Jie Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
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