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Banse M, Lecchini D, Sabbe J, Hanssen N, Donaldson T, Iwankow G, Lagant A, Parmentier E. Production of sounds by squirrelfish during symbiotic relationships with cleaner wrasses. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11158. [PMID: 38750135 PMCID: PMC11096179 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61990-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Examples of symbiotic relationships often include cleaning mutualisms, typically involving interactions between cleaner fish and other fish, called the clients. While these cleaners can cooperate by removing ectoparasites from their clients, they can also deceive by feeding on client mucus, a behavior usually referred to as "cheating behavior" that often leads to a discernible jolt from the client fish. Despite extensive studies of these interactions, most research has focused on the visual aspects of the communication. In this study, we aimed to explore the role of acoustic communication in the mutualistic relationship between cleaner fishes and nine holocentrid client species across four regions of the Indo-Pacific Ocean: French Polynesia, Guam, Seychelles, and the Philippines. Video cameras coupled with hydrophones were positioned at various locations on reefs housing Holocentridae fish to observe their acoustic behaviors during interactions. Our results indicate that all nine species of holocentrids can use acoustic signals to communicate to cleaner fish their refusal of the symbiotic interaction or their desire to terminate the cooperation. These sounds were predominantly observed during agonistic behavior and seem to support visual cues from the client. This study provides a novel example of acoustic communication during a symbiotic relationship in teleosts. Interestingly, these vocalizations often lacked a distinct pattern or structure. This contrasts with numerous other interspecific communication systems where clear and distinguishable signals are essential. This absence of a clear acoustic pattern may be because they are used in interspecific interactions to support visual behavior with no selective pressure for developing specific calls required in conspecific recognition. The different sound types produced could also be correlated with the severity of the client response. There is a need for further research into the effects of acoustic behaviors on the quality and dynamics of these mutualistic interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marine Banse
- Laboratoire de Morphologie Fonctionnelle Et Evolutive, FOCUS, Université de Liège, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - David Lecchini
- EPHE-UPVD-CNRS, USR 3278 CRIOBE, PSL University, Moorea, French Polynesia
- Laboratoire d'Excellence "CORAIL", 58 Avenue Paul Alduy, 66860, Perpignan, France
| | - Justine Sabbe
- Laboratoire de Morphologie Fonctionnelle Et Evolutive, FOCUS, Université de Liège, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Noémie Hanssen
- Laboratoire de Morphologie Fonctionnelle Et Evolutive, FOCUS, Université de Liège, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Terry Donaldson
- University of Guam Marine Laboratory/Guam EPSCoR, UOG Station, Mangilao, Guam, 96923, USA
| | - Guillaume Iwankow
- EPHE-UPVD-CNRS, USR 3278 CRIOBE, PSL University, Moorea, French Polynesia
| | - Anthony Lagant
- EPHE-UPVD-CNRS, USR 3278 CRIOBE, PSL University, Moorea, French Polynesia
| | - Eric Parmentier
- Laboratoire de Morphologie Fonctionnelle Et Evolutive, FOCUS, Université de Liège, 4000, Liège, Belgium.
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2
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Horvatić S, Parmentier E, Malavasi S, Amorim MPC, Fonseca PJ, Zanella D. Endemic fish calling: Acoustics and reproductive behaviour of the Neretva dwarf goby Orsinigobius croaticus. Ecol Evol 2023; 13:e10673. [PMID: 38020677 PMCID: PMC10654559 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.10673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The Neretva dwarf goby Orsinigobius croaticus (Gobiiformes, Gobionellidae) is an endemic fish native to the freshwaters of the Adriatic Basin in Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina, a Mediterranean Biodiversity Hotspot. Due to its limited distribution range, specific karst habitat and endangered status, laboratory studies on reproductive biology are scarce but crucial. Herein, we investigated the sound production and acoustic behaviour of the endangered O. croaticus during reproductive intersexual laboratory encounters, utilising an interdisciplinary approach. We also performed dissections and micro-computed tomography (μCT) scanning of the pectoral girdle to explore its potential involvement in sound production. Finally, comparative acoustic analysis was conducted on sounds produced by previously recorded soniferous sand gobies to investigate whether acoustic features are species-specific. The endemic O. croaticus is a soniferous species. Males of this species emit pulsatile sounds composed of a variable number of short (~15 ms) consecutive pulses when interacting with females, usually during the pre-spawning phase in the nest, but also during courtship outside the nest. Pulsatile sounds were low-frequency and short pulse trains (~140 Hz, <1000 ms). Male visual behaviour rate was higher when co-occurring with sounds and females entered the male's nest significantly more frequently when sounds were present. Characteristic body movements accompanied male sound production, such as head thrust and fin spreading. Furthermore, μCT scans and dissections suggest that O. croaticus shares certain anatomical similarities of the pectoral girdle (i.e. osseous elements and arrangement of levator pectoralis muscles) to previously studied sand gobies that could be involved in sound production. Multivariate comparisons, using sounds produced by eight soniferous European sand gobies, effectively distinguished soniferous (and sympatric) species based on their acoustic properties. However, the discrimination success decreased when temperature-dependent features (sound duration and pulse repetition rate) were excluded from the analysis. Therefore, we suggest both spectral and temporal features are important for the acoustic differentiation of sand gobies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Horvatić
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of ScienceUniversity of ZagrebZagrebCroatia
| | - Eric Parmentier
- Laboratory of Functional and Evolutionary Morphology, FOCUSUniversity of LiègeLiègeBelgium
| | - Stefano Malavasi
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, Cà FoscariUniversity of VeniceVenezia MestreItaly
| | - Maria P. Clara Amorim
- Departamento de Biologia Animal and MARE – Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre/ARNET ‐ Aquatic Research Network, Faculdade de CiênciasUniversidade de LisboaLisbonPortugal
| | - Paulo J. Fonseca
- Departamento de Biologia Animal and cE3c ‐ Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Faculdade de CiênciasUniversidade de LisboaLisbonPortugal
| | - Davor Zanella
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of ScienceUniversity of ZagrebZagrebCroatia
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3
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Hyacinthe C, Attia J, Schutz E, Lego L, Casane D, Rétaux S. Acoustic signatures in Mexican cavefish populations inhabiting different caves. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0289574. [PMID: 37535576 PMCID: PMC10399770 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Complex patterns of acoustic communication exist throughout the animal kingdom, including underwater. The river-dwelling and the Pachón cave-adapted morphotypes of the fish Astyanax mexicanus are soniferous and share a repertoire of sounds. Their function and significance is mostly unknown. Here, we explored whether and how sounds produced by blind cavefishes inhabiting different Mexican caves may vary. We compared "Clicks" and "Serial Clicks" produced by cavefish in six different caves distributed in three mountain ranges in Mexico. We also sampled laboratory-bred cavefish lines originating from four of these caves. Sounds were extracted and analyzed using both a manual method and a machine learning-based automation tool developed in-house. Multi-parametric analyses suggest wild cave-specific acoustic signatures, or "accents". An acoustic code also existed in laboratory cavefish lines, suggesting a genetic basis for the evolution of this trait. The variations in acoustic parameters between caves of origin did not seem related to fish phenotypes, phylogeography or ecological conditions. We propose that the evolution of such acoustic signatures would progressively lead to the differentiation of local accents that may prevent interbreeding and thus contribute to speciation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carole Hyacinthe
- Paris-Saclay Institute of Neuroscience, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91400, Saclay, France
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Blavatnik Institute, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Joël Attia
- Equipe de Neuro-Ethologie Sensorielle, CRNL, CNRS and Université de St Etienne, Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Elisa Schutz
- Equipe de Neuro-Ethologie Sensorielle, CRNL, CNRS and Université de St Etienne, Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Lény Lego
- Equipe de Neuro-Ethologie Sensorielle, CRNL, CNRS and Université de St Etienne, Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Didier Casane
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, IRD, UMR Évolution, Génomes, Comportement et Écologie, 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Université Paris Cité, UFR Sciences du Vivant, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Sylvie Rétaux
- Paris-Saclay Institute of Neuroscience, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91400, Saclay, France
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Santos ME, Lopes JF, Kratochwil CF. East African cichlid fishes. EvoDevo 2023; 14:1. [PMID: 36604760 PMCID: PMC9814215 DOI: 10.1186/s13227-022-00205-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cichlid fishes are a very diverse and species-rich family of teleost fishes that inhabit lakes and rivers of India, Africa, and South and Central America. Research has largely focused on East African cichlids of the Rift Lakes Tanganyika, Malawi, and Victoria that constitute the biodiversity hotspots of cichlid fishes. Here, we give an overview of the study system, research questions, and methodologies. Research on cichlid fishes spans many disciplines including ecology, evolution, physiology, genetics, development, and behavioral biology. In this review, we focus on a range of organismal traits, including coloration phenotypes, trophic adaptations, appendages like fins and scales, sensory systems, sex, brains, and behaviors. Moreover, we discuss studies on cichlid phylogenies, plasticity, and general evolutionary patterns, ranging from convergence to speciation rates and the proximate and ultimate mechanisms underlying these processes. From a methodological viewpoint, the last decade has brought great advances in cichlid fish research, particularly through the advent of affordable deep sequencing and advances in genetic manipulations. The ability to integrate across traits and research disciplines, ranging from developmental biology to ecology and evolution, makes cichlid fishes a fascinating research system.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Emília Santos
- grid.5335.00000000121885934Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - João F. Lopes
- grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071Institute of Biotechnology, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Claudius F. Kratochwil
- grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071Institute of Biotechnology, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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5
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Cannabidiol improves Nile tilapia cichlid fish welfare. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17650. [PMID: 36271101 PMCID: PMC9586945 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21759-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cannabidiol (CBD) is a substance derived from Cannabis sativa, widely studied in medicine for controlling neural diseases in humans. Besides the positive effects on humans, it also presents anxiolytic proprieties and decreases aggressiveness and stress in mammals. Therefore, CBD has the potential to increase welfare in reared animals, as it seems to reduce negative states commonly experienced in artificial environments. Here, we tested the effect of different CBD doses (0, 1, 10 and 20 mg/kg) on aggressiveness, stress and reproductive development of the Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) a fish reared worldwide for farming and research purposes. CBD mixed with fish food was offered to isolated fish for 5 weeks. The 10 mg/kg dose decreased fish's aggressiveness over time, whereas 20 mg/kg attenuated non-social stress. Both doses decreased the baseline cortisol level of fish and increased the gonadosomatic index. However, CBD 1 and 10 mg/kg doses decreased the spermatozoa number. No CBD dose affected feeding ingestion and growth variables, showing that it is not harmful to meat production amount. Despite the effect on spermatozoa, CBD supplementation exhibits high potential to benefit animals' lives in artificial environments. Therefore, we showed for the first time that CBD could be used as a tool to increase non-mammal welfare, presenting a great potential to be explored in other husbandry and captivity species.
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6
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Dussenne M, Delcourt J, Poncin P, Cornil CA, Parmentier E. Impact of temperature-induced sex reversal on behavior and sound production in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Horm Behav 2022; 142:105173. [PMID: 35550986 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2022.105173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
In some fish species, sex is determined by the combination of genetic and environmental factors. In most species concerned, extreme temperatures during the sensitive period of sex differentiation drives masculinization, independently of the female sex chromosomes. In Nile tilapia (XY male heterogamety), XX juveniles exposed to high temperatures (>32 °C) can masculinize and become phenotypical males (neomales). Whether these neomales exhibit a different behavior than XY males remains however unclear. Sex reversal being naturally relevant, we investigated the agonistic behavior of neomales during dyadic fights and the preference of gravid females for one of the two male types. We quantified the behavior, size of the nest, hormone circulating levels (testosterone, 11-ketotestosterone and cortisol) and sound production of the two male types in both contexts. Independently of the individual they face, neomales seem to display more aggressive behaviors than XY males but often fail to become dominant. Agonistic interactions were mainly silent, suggesting that sounds are unnecessary for the establishment of social hierarchy. Although males and neomales produce different kinds of sounds when facing a gravid female, the female does not exhibit a preference. Overall, no differences were observed for hormone circulating concentrations between the two male types. We suggest that the sex chromosomes and/or the sex reversal procedure may have differently shaped the brain of neomales, resulting in differences in the expression of behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Dussenne
- Neuroendocrinology Laboratory, GIGA Neurosciences, avenue Hippocrate, 15 (B36), University of Liege, Liege, Belgium; Aquaculture Research and Education Center (CEFRA), University of Liege, Tihange, Belgium; Laboratory of Functional and Evolutionary Morphology, UR FOCUS, Allée du Six Août 11, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium; Behavioural Biology group, Laboratory of Fish and Amphibian Ethology, Quai Van Beneden 22, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium.
| | - J Delcourt
- Behavioural Biology group, Laboratory of Fish and Amphibian Ethology, Quai Van Beneden 22, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - P Poncin
- Behavioural Biology group, Laboratory of Fish and Amphibian Ethology, Quai Van Beneden 22, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - C A Cornil
- Neuroendocrinology Laboratory, GIGA Neurosciences, avenue Hippocrate, 15 (B36), University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - E Parmentier
- Laboratory of Functional and Evolutionary Morphology, UR FOCUS, Allée du Six Août 11, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
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7
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Akian DD, Yao K, Parmentier E, Clota F, Baroiller JF, Bégout ML. Familiarity reduces aggression but does not modify acoustic communication in pairs of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and black-chinned tilapia (Sarotherodon melanotheron). JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2022; 100:561-573. [PMID: 34842286 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.14967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Reproduction involves multiple complex behaviours, and the effects of familiarity on such social interactions are seldom described in fish. This is particularly true for sound production and communication within aggressive or non-aggressive context. This study explores the effects of a common garden rearing without parental care of two closely related cichlid species (Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and black-chinned tilapia Sarotherodon melanotheron) on their sound production features and social interactions. After 9 months in common garden rearing, from embryonic stage to first maturity, sound production and associated behaviours were recorded on specimens of the two species in intraspecific and interspecific pairings. The authors found that fish were able to produce the same kind of sounds as those recorded in similar context for their parents. Drum sounds were associated to chasing, lateral attack and courtship in O. niloticus and only to fleeing or avoidance in S. melanotheron. Specific grunts were produced in chasing, after biting and in nest building by O. niloticus, and specific rolling sounds were associated to courtship in S. melanotheron. Sound production and behaviours were not correlated to sex steroid levels, but the number of sounds recorded in aggressive context was correlated to dominance in O. niloticus. The authors conclude that one generation of common garden rearing does not modify sound features, which remain specific and innate in the two cichlids. Despite the familiarity, O. niloticus remained dominant on S. melanotheron, but the aggressiveness between the two species decreased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dieudonné Djétouan Akian
- Département Eaux, Forêts et Environnement, Institut National Polytechnique Félix Houphouët Boigny, Yamoussoukro, Côte d'Ivoire
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Cytologie Animales, Unité de Formation et de Recherche Science de la Nature, Université NANGUI ABROGOUA, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
- MARBEC, Université Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, IRD, Palavas-les-Flots, France
| | - Kouakou Yao
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Cytologie Animales, Unité de Formation et de Recherche Science de la Nature, Université NANGUI ABROGOUA, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Eric Parmentier
- Laboratoire de Morphologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, AFFISH, Institut de chimie-B6C, Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Frédéric Clota
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Jean-François Baroiller
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 116, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement, Campus International de Baillarguet, Montpellier, France
- Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier Centre, National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Marie-Laure Bégout
- MARBEC, Université Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, IRD, Palavas-les-Flots, France
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Brandão ML, Dorigão-Guimarães F, Bolognesi MC, Gauy ACDS, Pereira AVS, Vian L, Carvalho TB, Gonçalves-de-Freitas E. Understanding behaviour to improve the welfare of an ornamental fish. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2021; 99:726-739. [PMID: 34076258 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.14802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Some common practices in aquaculture, ornamental trade and fish facilities may disturb the behavioural repertoire of fish and its natural adaptive value, reducing welfare and impairing fish production. Hence, it is necessary to understand fish behaviour, as well as the factors affecting it, to improve the quality of fish's life under artificial environment. Here, we reviewed the behaviour of the angelfish Pterophyllum scalare, an Amazonian cichlid used worldwide both as an ornamental fish and as a fish model in scientific research. We characterized social, reproductive and feeding behaviour, as well as the amazing cognitive ability of the angelfish. In addition, we reviewed the effects of environmental enrichment and suggested some important variables that need to be considered for rearing P. scalare. In this review, we show for the first time a synthesis on behaviour and a best practice overview to improve the welfare of angelfish as a target species. Nonetheless, most topics reviewed fit a broader set of fish species, particularly ornamental ones. This synthesis can therefore open a path for further behavioural research applied to the welfare of angelfish and bring insights to other fish species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Lombardi Brandão
- Departamento de Zoologia e Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Felipe Dorigão-Guimarães
- Departamento de Zoologia e Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcela Cesar Bolognesi
- Departamento de Zoologia e Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil
- Centro de Aquicultura da Universidade Estadual Paulista, Universidade Estadual Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Dos Santos Gauy
- Departamento de Zoologia e Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil
- Centro de Aquicultura da Universidade Estadual Paulista, Universidade Estadual Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - André Vitor Salinas Pereira
- Departamento de Zoologia e Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lethicia Vian
- Departamento de Zoologia e Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Eliane Gonçalves-de-Freitas
- Departamento de Zoologia e Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil
- Centro de Aquicultura da Universidade Estadual Paulista, Universidade Estadual Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil
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Saraiva JL, Nogueirinha M, Teodósio R, Aragão C, Engrola S, Arechavala-Lopez P. The effect of tank cover on welfare of farmed Nile tilapia. Appl Anim Behav Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.applanim.2021.105396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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10
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Tatemoto P, Serra M. Low Luminosity Reduces Agonistic Behaviour of Nile Tilapia. J APPL ANIM WELF SCI 2021; 24:434-441. [PMID: 33624566 DOI: 10.1080/10888705.2021.1888293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
In confrontations, many behaviors are based on visual information. To establish the importance of visual signals in the aggression of cichlid fish, we observed the behavior of groups in three juveniles of Nile tilapia (six groups in each condition), for 30 minutes under two extremes of light condition: high luminosity and low luminosity (dark condition for humans - only infrared light). The average number of bites and chases in the low luminosity was lower than observed in high luminosity. We conclude that the low luminosity condition diminishes but does not eliminate fights, and the fish can rely on nonvisual senses and low intensity of light to interact with conspecifics. The artificial high luminosity in artificial environments is potentially compromising welfare for increasing the number of agonistic interactions. Moreover, it is possible that in experimental designs studying behavior the high luminosity is a variable interfering in the conclusions about agonistic behavior in cichlid fish.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Monica Serra
- Center for Comparative Studies in Sustainability, Health and Welfare, Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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11
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Akian DD, Yao K, Parmentier E, Joassard L, Clota F, Baroiller JF, Lozano P, Chatain B, Bégout ML. Acoustic signals produced by Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and black-chinned tilapia Sarotherodon melanotheron during intra- and interspecific pairings. ZOOLOGY 2020; 143:125831. [PMID: 32949976 DOI: 10.1016/j.zool.2020.125831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
We characterised, for the first-time, the sound production of black-chinned tilapia Sarotherodon melanotheron and show differences with that of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus in a hybridization pairing context. Although both species were able to produce drum sounds, they showed different acoustic features. Drum sounds were produced in aggressive (chasing or lateral attack) and non-aggressive (courtship) contexts by O. niloticus but only in aggressive situations (fleeing or avoidance) by S. melanotheron. The second type of sounds produced by O. niloticus were grunts, produced in both aggressive (chasing and after biting) and non-aggressive contexts (nest building). The second type of sound produced by S. melanotheron was a rolling sound, produced only during courtship. Each species was able to produce common sounds (drum) and species-specific sounds (grunts and rolling). This implies that species can communicate without being able to understand each other because the sounds emitted may probably have different significance. Drumming corresponded only to aggressivity in S. melanotheron, whereas this was not true for O. niloticus. 11-ketotestosterone (11-kt) levels were significantly higher in male O. niloticus than male S. melanotheron, but there was no significant correlation between 11-kt or estradiol concentrations and the number of sounds produced in aggressive or non-aggressive behavioural contexts in either species. During interspecies interactions, O. niloticus drum sounds are likely considered to be aggressive by S. melanotheron and could potentially constitute a reproductive barrier between the two species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dieudonné Djétouan Akian
- Département Eaux, Forêts et Environnement, Institut National Polytechnique Félix Houphouët Boigny, BP 1313, Yamoussoukro, Cote d'Ivoire; Laboratoire de Biologie et Cytologie Animales, Unité de Formation et de Recherche Science de la Nature, Université Nangui-Abrogoua, 02 BP 801, Abidjan 02, Cote d'Ivoire; Laboratoire Ressources Halieutiques, Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer, L'Houmeau, 17137, France
| | - Kouakou Yao
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Cytologie Animales, Unité de Formation et de Recherche Science de la Nature, Université Nangui-Abrogoua, 02 BP 801, Abidjan 02, Cote d'Ivoire
| | - Eric Parmentier
- Laboratoire de Morphologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, AFFISH, Institut de chimie- B6C, Université de Liège, Sart Tilman, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Lucette Joassard
- Laboratoire Ressources Halieutiques, Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer, L'Houmeau, 17137, France
| | - Frédéric Clota
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Jean-François Baroiller
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 116, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement, Montpellier, France
| | - Paul Lozano
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 116, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement, Montpellier, France
| | - Béatrice Chatain
- MARBEC, Université Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, IRD, Chemin de Maguelone, 34250, Palavas-les-Flots, France
| | - Marie-Laure Bégout
- Laboratoire Ressources Halieutiques, Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer, L'Houmeau, 17137, France; MARBEC, Université Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, IRD, Chemin de Maguelone, 34250, Palavas-les-Flots, France.
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12
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Evolution of acoustic communication in blind cavefish. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4231. [PMID: 31530801 PMCID: PMC6748933 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12078-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Acoustic communication allows the exchange of information within specific contexts and during specific behaviors. The blind, cave-adapted and the sighted, river-dwelling morphs of the species Astyanax mexicanus have evolved in markedly different environments. During their evolution in darkness, cavefish underwent a series of morphological, physiological and behavioral changes, allowing the study of adaptation to drastic environmental change. Here we discover that Astyanax is a sonic species, in the laboratory and in the wild, with sound production depending on the social contexts and the type of morph. We characterize one sound, the "Sharp Click", as a visually-triggered sound produced by dominant surface fish during agonistic behaviors and as a chemosensory-, food odor-triggered sound produced by cavefish during foraging. Sharp Clicks also elicit different reactions in the two morphs in play-back experiments. Our results demonstrate that acoustic communication does exist and has evolved in cavefish, accompanying the evolution of its behaviors.
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13
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Abstract
Fish social behavior can be affected by artificial environments, particularly by factors that act upon species that show aggressive behavior to set social rank hierarchy. Although aggressive interactions are part of the natural behavior in fish, if constant and intense, such interactions can cause severe body injuries, increase energy expenditure, and lead the animals to suffer from social stress. The immediate consequence of these factors is a reduced welfare in social fish species. In this paper, we consider the factors that impact on the social behavior and welfare of Nile tilapia, an African cichlid fish widely used both in fish farms and in research; this species is frequently used as a model for physiology and behavior research. This is a polygynous species whose males interact aggressively, establishing a territorial based hierarchy, where a dominant male and several subordinate males arise. When social stability is shrunk, the negative effects of prolonged fighting emerge. In this paper, we summarized how some of the common practices in aquaculture, such as classifying individuals by matching their sizes, water renewal, stock density, and environment lighting affect Nile tilapia social aggressive interactions and, in turn, impact on its welfare. We also discuss some ways to decrease the effects of aggressive interactions in Nile tilapia, such as environment color and body tactile stimulation.
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14
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15
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Quantitative trait loci on LGs 9 and 14 affect the reproductive interaction between two Oreochromis species, O. niloticus and O. aureus. Heredity (Edinb) 2018; 122:341-353. [PMID: 30082919 DOI: 10.1038/s41437-018-0131-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Effective farming of tilapia requires all-male culture, characterized by uniformity and high growth rate. Males of O. aureus (Oa) and females of O. niloticus (On) produce all-male offspring, but there is a behavioral reproductive barrier between the two species that prevents mass production. In crosses between Oa and On broodstocks, few hybrid females are attracted to the Oa male nests (denoted responders), and if they harbor the On alleles for the sex determination (SD) sites on linkage groups (LGs) 1, 3, and 23, all-male progeny are produced. Yet, without controlling for the alleles underlying SD, the parental stocks gradually lose their capability for all-male production. Hypothesizing that marker-assisted selection for female responders would allow production of sustainable broodstocks, we applied genotyping-by-sequencing to generate 4983 informative SNPs from 13 responding and 28 non-responding females from two full-sib families. Accounting for multiple comparisons in a genome-wide association study, seven SNPs met a false discovery rate of 0.061. Lowest nominal probabilities were on LGs 9 and 14, for which microsatellite DNA markers were designed within the candidate genes PTGDSL and CASRL, respectively. By increasing the sample size to 22 responders and 47 non-responders and by genotyping additional established microsatellites, we confirmed the association of these LGs with female responsiveness. The combined effects of microsatellites GM171 and CARSL-LOC100690618 on LGs 9 and 14 explained 37% of the phenotypic variance of reproductive interaction (p < 0.0001). Based on these findings, we propose a strategy for mass production of all-male tilapia hybrids through selection for genomic loci affecting SD and female responsiveness.
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16
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Gennotte V, Akonkwa B, Mélard C, Denoël M, Cornil CA, Rougeot C. Do sex reversal procedures differentially affect agonistic behaviors and sex steroid levels depending on the sexual genotype in Nile tilapia? JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY PART 2018; 327:153-162. [PMID: 29356403 DOI: 10.1002/jez.2080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Revised: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus, phenotypic males and females with different sexual genotypes (XX, XY, YY) have particular behavioral and physiological traits. Compared to natural XX females and XY males, XY and YY females and XX males expressed higher level of aggressiveness that could be related to higher levels of 17β-estradiol and 11-ketotestosterone, respectively. Our results suggest that the presence of a Y chromosome increases aggressiveness in females. However, since the same relationship between aggressiveness and the Y chromosome is not observed in males, we can hypothesize that the differences in aggressiveness are not directly dependent on the genotype but on the sex reversal procedures applied on young fry during their sexual differentiation to produce these breeders. These hormonal treatments could have permanently modified the development of the brain and consequently influenced the behavior of adults independently of their genotype. In both hypotheses (genotype or sex reversal influence), the causes of behavioral modifications have to be searched in an early modification of the brain sexual differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Gennotte
- Aquaculture Research and Education Center (CEFRA), University of Liège, Tihange, Belgium
| | - Balagizi Akonkwa
- Laboratory of Hydrobiology, Official University of Bukavu, Bukavu, D. R. Congo
| | - Charles Mélard
- Aquaculture Research and Education Center (CEFRA), University of Liège, Tihange, Belgium
| | - Mathieu Denoël
- Laboratory of Fish and Amphibian Ethology, Behavioural Biology Unit, Freshwater and Oceanic Science Unit of Research (FOCUS), University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Charlotte A Cornil
- Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique Appliquée (GIGA) Neurosciences, Research Group in Behavioral Neuroendocrinology, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Carole Rougeot
- Aquaculture Research and Education Center (CEFRA), University of Liège, Tihange, Belgium
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17
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Kéver L, Parmentier E, Derycke S, Verheyen E, Snoeks J, Van Steenberge M, Poncin P. Limited possibilities for prezygotic barriers in the reproductive behaviour of sympatric Ophthalmotilapia species (Teleostei, Cichlidae). ZOOLOGY 2018; 126:71-81. [PMID: 29307727 DOI: 10.1016/j.zool.2017.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/02/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Since prezygotic rather than postzygotic barriers are believed to maintain the diversity of closely related sympatric cichlids, differences in phenotypic traits and reproductive behaviours are likely involved in maintaining species boundaries. Here, we focused on the reproductive behaviour of three Ophthalmotilapia species with distributions that only overlap on a small stretch of the shore line of Lake Tanganyika. Repeated introgression of mitochondrial DNA between these species was previously reported, which suggested they can hybridise. Our aim is to test the hypothesis that reproductive behaviour acts as a prezygotic barrier that prevents frequent hybridisation in sympatric Ophthalmotilapia species. We performed a quantitative analysis of twelve reproductions (four for O. ventralis, six for O. nasuta, one for O. boops, and one between a female O. ventralis and a male O. nasuta). Although similar ethograms were obtained for these reproductions, the O. ventralis and O. boops males displayed a behaviour that was never performed by O. nasuta males. This behaviour was displayed during courtship and we called it 'invite'. In O. ventralis, we could show that it was associated with the emission of a single pulse sound. The comparison of O. nasuta and O. ventralis reproductive behaviours also revealed some quantitative differences: O. ventralis males showed the location of the bower more often to the female, whereas O. ventralis females followed the male more often. The similarity between the reproductive behaviours in O. ventralis and O. nasuta could explain the occurrence of the heterospecific spawning event recorded between an O. nasuta male and an O. ventralis female. Importantly, few eggs were laid and the maternal mouthbrooding that resulted from this heterospecific reproduction only lasted for two days, which suggested the abortion of egg development. Hence, in the absence of conspecifics, courtship and mating behaviours alone do not constitute perfect prezygotic barriers between these two species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loïc Kéver
- Laboratory of Fish and Amphibian Ethology, Behavioural Biology Unit, Liège University, 4000 Liège, Belgium; Laboratory of Functional and Evolutionary Morphology, Liège University, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
| | - Eric Parmentier
- Laboratory of Functional and Evolutionary Morphology, Liège University, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Sofie Derycke
- Operational Directorate Taxonomy and phylogeny, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, 1000 Brussels, Belgium; Department of Biology, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Erik Verheyen
- Operational Directorate Taxonomy and phylogeny, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jos Snoeks
- Section Vertebrates, Ichthyology, Royal Museum for Central Africa, 3080 Tervuren, Belgium; Laboratory of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Genomics, University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maarten Van Steenberge
- Operational Directorate Taxonomy and phylogeny, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, 1000 Brussels, Belgium; Section Vertebrates, Ichthyology, Royal Museum for Central Africa, 3080 Tervuren, Belgium; Laboratory of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Genomics, University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Pascal Poncin
- Laboratory of Fish and Amphibian Ethology, Behavioural Biology Unit, Liège University, 4000 Liège, Belgium
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18
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Akian DD, Yao K, Clota F, Lozano P, Baroiller JF, Chatain B, Bégout ML. Reproductive behaviour of two tilapia species ( Oreochromis niloticus , Linné, 1758; Sarotherodon melanotheron, Rüppel, 1852) in freshwater intra and interspecific pairing context. Appl Anim Behav Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.applanim.2017.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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19
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Chabrolles L, Ben Ammar I, Fernandez MS, Boyer N, Attia J, Fonseca PJ, Amorim MCP, Beauchaud M. Appraisal of unimodal cues during agonistic interactions in Maylandia zebra. PeerJ 2017; 5:e3643. [PMID: 28785523 PMCID: PMC5543927 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.3643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Communication is essential during social interactions including animal conflicts and it is often a complex process involving multiple sensory channels or modalities. To better understand how different modalities interact during communication, it is fundamental to study the behavioural responses to both the composite multimodal signal and each unimodal component with adequate experimental protocols. Here we test how an African cichlid, which communicates with multiple senses, responds to different sensory stimuli in a social relevant scenario. We tested Maylandia zebra males with isolated chemical (urine or holding water coming both from dominant males), visual (real opponent or video playback) and acoustic (agonistic sounds) cues during agonistic interactions. We showed that (1) these fish relied mostly on the visual modality, showing increased aggressiveness in response to the sight of a real contestant but no responses to urine or agonistic sounds presented separately, (2) video playback in our study did not appear appropriate to test the visual modality and needs more technical prospecting, (3) holding water provoked territorial behaviours and seems to be promising for the investigation into the role of the chemical channel in this species. Our findings suggest that unimodal signals are non-redundant but how different sensory modalities interplay during communication remains largely unknown in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Chabrolles
- Equipe Neuro-Ethologie Sensorielle, ENES/Neuro-PSI CNRS UMR 9197, Université de Lyon/Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Imen Ben Ammar
- Equipe Neuro-Ethologie Sensorielle, ENES/Neuro-PSI CNRS UMR 9197, Université de Lyon/Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Marie S.A. Fernandez
- Equipe Neuro-Ethologie Sensorielle, ENES/Neuro-PSI CNRS UMR 9197, Université de Lyon/Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
- INRIA, Beagle, Université de Lyon, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Nicolas Boyer
- Equipe Neuro-Ethologie Sensorielle, ENES/Neuro-PSI CNRS UMR 9197, Université de Lyon/Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Joël Attia
- Equipe Neuro-Ethologie Sensorielle, ENES/Neuro-PSI CNRS UMR 9197, Université de Lyon/Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Paulo J. Fonseca
- Departamento de Biologia Animal and cE3c—Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - M. Clara P. Amorim
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ISPA, Instituto Universitário, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Marilyn Beauchaud
- Equipe Neuro-Ethologie Sensorielle, ENES/Neuro-PSI CNRS UMR 9197, Université de Lyon/Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
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20
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Wackermannova MA, Horky P, Amorim MCP, Fonseca PJ. Computer-manipulated stimuli as a research tool in Mozambique tilapia Oreochromis mossambicus. Acta Ethol 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10211-017-0252-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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21
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López-Olmeda JF. Nonphotic entrainment in fish. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2016; 203:133-143. [PMID: 27642096 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2016.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Revised: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Organisms that live on the Earth are subjected to environmental variables that display cyclic variations, such as light, temperature and tides. Since these cyclic changes in the environment are constant and predictable, they have affected biological evolution through selecting the occurrence of biological rhythms in the physiology of all living organisms, from prokaryotes to mammals. Biological clocks confer organisms an adaptive advantage as they can synchronize their behavioral and physiological processes to occur at a given moment of time when effectiveness and success would be greater and/or the cost and risk for organisms would be lower. Among environmental synchronizers, light has been mostly widely studied to date. However, other environmental signals play an important role in biological rhythms, especially in aquatic animals like fish. This review focuses on current knowledge about the role of nonphotic synchronizers (temperature, food and tidal cycles) on biological rhythms in fish, and on the entrainment of the fish circadian system to these synchronizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose F López-Olmeda
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
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22
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Reimer T, Dempster T, Warren-Myers F, Jensen AJ, Swearer SE. High prevalence of vaterite in sagittal otoliths causes hearing impairment in farmed fish. Sci Rep 2016; 6:25249. [PMID: 27121086 PMCID: PMC4848507 DOI: 10.1038/srep25249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The rapid growth of aquaculture raises questions about the welfare status of mass-produced species. Sagittal otoliths are primary hearing structures in the inner ear of all teleost (bony) fishes and are normally composed of aragonite, though abnormal vaterite replacement is sometimes seen in the wild. We provide the first widespread evaluation of the prevalence of vaterite in otoliths, showing that farmed fish have levels of vaterite replacement over 10 times higher than wild fish, regardless of species. We confirm this observation with extensive sampling of wild and farmed Atlantic salmon in Norway, the world's largest producer, and verify that vateritic otoliths are common in farmed salmon worldwide. Using a mechanistic model of otolith oscillation in response to sound, we demonstrate that average levels of vaterite replacement result in a 28-50% loss of otolith functionality across most of a salmonid's known hearing range and throughout its life cycle. The underlying cause(s) of vaterite formation remain unknown, but the prevalence of hearing impairment in farmed fish has important implications for animal welfare, the survival of escapees and their effects on wild populations, and the efficacy of restocking programs based on captive-bred fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Reimer
- Sustainable Aquaculture Laboratory - Temperate and Tropical (SALTT), School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.,Research on the Ecology and Evolution of Fishes (REEF) laboratory, School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - T Dempster
- Sustainable Aquaculture Laboratory - Temperate and Tropical (SALTT), School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - F Warren-Myers
- Sustainable Aquaculture Laboratory - Temperate and Tropical (SALTT), School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.,Research on the Ecology and Evolution of Fishes (REEF) laboratory, School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - A J Jensen
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), PO Box 5685 Sluppen, 7485 Trondheim, Norway
| | - S E Swearer
- Research on the Ecology and Evolution of Fishes (REEF) laboratory, School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
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Abstract
Among teleosts, cichlids are a great model for studies of evolution, behavior, diversity and speciation. Studies of cichlid sensory systems have revealed diverse sensory capabilities that vary among species. Hence, sensory systems are important for understanding cichlid behavior from proximate and ultimate points of view. Cichlids primarily rely on five sensory channels: hearing, mechanosensation, taste, vision, and olfaction, to receive information from the environment and respond accordingly. Within these sensory channels, cichlid species exhibit different adaptations to their surrounding environment, which differ in abiotic and biotic stimuli. Research on cichlid sensory capabilities and behaviors incorporates integrative approaches and relies on diverse scientific disciplines from physics to chemistry to neurobiology to understand the evolution of the cichlid sensory systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Karen L Carleton
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
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24
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Faber-Hammond J, Samanta MP, Whitchurch EA, Manning D, Sisneros JA, Coffin AB. Saccular Transcriptome Profiles of the Seasonal Breeding Plainfin Midshipman Fish (Porichthys notatus), a Teleost with Divergent Sexual Phenotypes. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0142814. [PMID: 26560106 PMCID: PMC4641692 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0142814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Acoustic communication is essential for the reproductive success of the plainfin midshipman fish (Porichthys notatus). During the breeding season, type I males use acoustic cues to advertise nest location to potential mates, creating an audible signal that attracts reproductive females. Type II (sneaker) males also likely use this social acoustic signal to find breeding pairs from which to steal fertilizations. Estrogen-induced changes in the auditory system of breeding females are thought to enhance neural encoding of the advertisement call, and recent anatomical data suggest the saccule (the main auditory end organ) as one possible target for this seasonal modulation. Here we describe saccular transcriptomes from all three sexual phenotypes (females, type I and II males) collected during the breeding season as a first step in understanding the mechanisms underlying sexual phenotype-specific and seasonal differences in auditory function. We used RNA-Seq on the Ion Torrent platform to create a combined transcriptome dataset containing over 79,000 assembled transcripts representing almost 9,000 unique annotated genes. These identified genes include several with known inner ear function and multiple steroid hormone receptors. Transcripts most closely matched to published genomes of nile tilapia and large yellow croaker, inconsistent with the phylogenetic relationship between these species but consistent with the importance of acoustic communication in their life-history strategies. We then compared the RNA-Seq results from the saccules of reproductive females with a separate transcriptome from the non-reproductive female phenotype and found over 700 differentially expressed transcripts, including members of the Wnt and Notch signaling pathways that mediate cell proliferation and hair cell addition in the inner ear. These data constitute a valuable resource for furthering our understanding of the molecular basis for peripheral auditory function as well as a range of future midshipman and cross-species comparative studies of the auditory periphery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Faber-Hammond
- College of Arts and Sciences, Washington State University, Vancouver, WA, United States of America
| | | | - Elizabeth A. Whitchurch
- Department of Biological Sciences, Humboldt State University, Arcata, CA, United States of America
| | - Dustin Manning
- College of Arts and Sciences, Washington State University, Vancouver, WA, United States of America
| | - Joseph A. Sisneros
- Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Allison B. Coffin
- College of Arts and Sciences, Washington State University, Vancouver, WA, United States of America
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience, Washington State University, Vancouver, WA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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25
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Kottege N, Jurdak R, Kroon F, Jones D. Automated detection of broadband clicks of freshwater fish using spectro-temporal features. THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2015; 137:2502-2511. [PMID: 25994683 DOI: 10.1121/1.4919298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Large scale networks of embedded wireless sensor nodes can passively capture sound for species detection. However, the acoustic recordings result in large amounts of data requiring in-network classification for such systems to be feasible. The current state of the art in the area of in-network bioacoustics classification targets narrowband or long-duration signals, which render it unsuitable for detecting species that emit impulsive broadband signals. In this study, impulsive broadband signals were classified using a small set of spectral and temporal features to aid in their automatic detection and classification. A prototype system is presented along with an experimental evaluation of automated classification methods. The sound used was recorded from a freshwater invasive fish in Australia, the spotted tilapia (Tilapia mariae). Results show a high degree of accuracy after evaluating the proposed detection and classification method for T. mariae sounds and comparing its performance against the state of the art. Moreover, performance slightly improves when the original signal was down-sampled from 44.1 to 16 kHz. This indicates that the proposed method is well-suited for detection and classification on embedded devices, which can be deployed to implement a large scale wireless sensor network for automated species detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navinda Kottege
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, P.O. Box 883, Kenmore, Queensland 4069, Australia
| | - Raja Jurdak
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, P.O. Box 883, Kenmore, Queensland 4069, Australia
| | | | - Dean Jones
- CSIRO, P.O. Box 780, Atherton, Queensland 4883, Australia
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26
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Environmental constraints drive the partitioning of the soundscape in fishes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:6092-7. [PMID: 25848025 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1424667112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The underwater environment is more and more being depicted as particularly noisy, and the inventory of calling fishes is continuously increasing. However, it currently remains unknown how species share the soundscape and are able to communicate without misinterpreting the messages. Different mechanisms of interference avoidance have been documented in birds, mammals, and frogs, but little is known about interference avoidance in fishes. How fish thus partition the soundscape underwater remains unknown, as acoustic communication and its organization have never been studied at the level of fish communities. In this study, passive acoustic recordings were used to inventory sounds produced in a fish community (120 m depth) in an attempt to understand how different species partition the acoustic environment. We uncovered an important diversity of fish sounds, and 16 of the 37 different sounds recorded were sufficiently abundant to use in a quantitative analysis. We show that sonic activity allows a clear distinction between a diurnal and a nocturnal group of fishes. Moreover, frequencies of signals made during the day overlap, whereas there is a clear distinction between the different representatives of the nocturnal callers because of a lack of overlap in sound frequency. This first demonstration, to our knowledge, of interference avoidance in a fish community can be understood by the way sounds are used. In diurnal species, sounds are mostly used to support visual display, whereas nocturnal species are generally deprived of visual cues, resulting in acoustic constraints being more important.
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27
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Bertucci F, Ruppé L, Van Wassenbergh S, Compère P, Parmentier E. New insights into the role of the pharyngeal jaw apparatus in the sound-producing mechanism of Haemulon flavolineatum (Haemulidae). J Exp Biol 2014; 217:3862-9. [DOI: 10.1242/jeb.109025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Grunts are fish that are well known to vocalize, but how they produce their grunting sounds has not been clearly identified. In addition to characterizing acoustic signals and hearing in the French grunt Haemulon flavolineatum, the present study investigates the sound-production mechanism of this species by means of high-speed X-ray videos and scanning electron microscopy of the pharyngeal jaw apparatus. Vocalizations consist of a series of stridulatory sounds: grunts lasting ~47 ms with a mean period of 155 ms and a dominant frequency of ~700 Hz. Auditory capacity was determined to range from 100 to 600 Hz, with greatest sensitivity at 300 Hz (105.0±11.8 dB re. 1 μPa). This suggests that hearing is not tuned exclusively to detect the sounds of conspecifics. High-speed X-ray videos revealed how pharyngeal jaws move during sound production. Traces of erosion on teeth in the fourth ceratobranchial arch suggest that they are also involved in sound production. The similarity of motor patterns of the upper and lower pharyngeal jaws between food processing and sound production indicates that calling is an exaptation of the food-processing mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Bertucci
- Laboratory of Functional and Evolutionary Morphology, AFFISH-RC, University of Liège, 4000 Liège 1, Belgium
| | | | - Sam Van Wassenbergh
- Laboratory for Functional Morphology, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
- Evolutionary Morphology of Vertebrates, University of Ghent, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Philippe Compère
- Laboratory of Functional and Evolutionary Morphology, AFFISH-RC, University of Liège, 4000 Liège 1, Belgium
| | - Eric Parmentier
- Laboratory of Functional and Evolutionary Morphology, AFFISH-RC, University of Liège, 4000 Liège 1, Belgium
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Maruska KP. Social regulation of reproduction in male cichlid fishes. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2014; 207:2-12. [PMID: 24859257 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2014.04.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2014] [Revised: 04/25/2014] [Accepted: 04/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Social interactions and relative positions within a dominance hierarchy have helped shape the evolution of reproduction in many animals. Since reproduction is crucial in all animals, and rank typically regulates access to reproductive opportunities, understanding the mechanisms that regulate socially-induced reproductive processes is extremely important. How does position in a dominance hierarchy impact an individual's reproductive behavior, morphology, and physiology? Teleost fishes, and cichlids in particular, are ideally-suited models for studying how social status influences reproduction on multiple levels of biological organization. Here I review the current knowledge on the reproductive behavioral and physiological consequences of relative position in a dominance hierarchy, with a particular focus on male cichlids. Dominant and subordinate social status is typically associated with distinct differences in activity along the entire hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. Further, when transitions in social status occur between subordinate and dominant individuals, there are plastic changes from whole-organism behavior to molecular-level gene expression modifications that occur quickly. These rapid changes in behavior and physiology have allowed cichlids the flexibility to adapt to and thrive in their often dynamic physical and social environments. Studies in cichlid fishes have, and will continue, to advance our understanding of how the social environment can modulate molecular, cellular, and behavioral outcomes relevant to reproductive success. Future studies that take advantage of the extreme diversity in mating systems, reproductive tactics, and parental care strategies within the cichlid group will help generate hypotheses and careful experimental tests on the mechanisms governing the social control of reproduction in many vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen P Maruska
- Department of Biological Sciences, 202 Life Sciences Bldg., Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, United States.
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Kéver L, Boyle KS, Bolen G, Dragičević B, Dulčić J, Parmentier E. Modifications in call characteristics and sonic apparatus morphology during puberty in Ophidion rochei (Actinopterygii: Ophidiidae). J Morphol 2014; 275:650-60. [PMID: 24425669 DOI: 10.1002/jmor.20245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2013] [Revised: 12/18/2013] [Accepted: 12/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Juveniles, females, and males of Ophidion rochei share similar external morphology, probably because they are mainly active in the dark, which reduces the role of visual cues. Their internal sonic apparatuses, however, are complex: three pairs of sonic muscles, and highly modified vertebrae and ribs are involved in sound production. The sonic apparatus of males differs from juveniles and females in having larger swimbladder plates (modified ribs associate with the swimbladder wall) and sonic muscles, a modified swimbladder shape and a mineralized structure called the "rocker bone" in front of the swimbladder. All of these male traits appear at the onset of sexual maturation. This article investigates the relationship between morphology and sounds in male O. rochei of different sizes. Despite their small size range total length (133-170 mm TL), the five specimens showed pronounced differences in sound-production apparatus morphology, especially in terms of swimbladder shape and rocker bone development. This observation was reinforced by the positive allometry measured for the rocker bone and the internal tube of the swimbladder. The differences in morphology were related to marked differences in sound characteristics (especially frequency and pulse duration). These results suggest that male calls carry information about the degree of maturity. Deprived of most visual cues, ophidiids probably have invested in other mechanisms to recognize and distinguish among individual conspecifics and between ophidiid species. As a result, their phenotypes are externally similar but internally very different. In these taxa, the great variability of the sound production apparatus means this complex system is a main target of environmental constraints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loïc Kéver
- Laboratoire de Morphologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, AFFISH, Institut de chimie, Bât. B6c, Université de Liège, B-4000, Liège, Belgium
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