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Protective effect of lycopene on testicular toxicity induced by Benzo[a]pyrene intake in rats. Toxicology 2019; 427:152301. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2019.152301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Tuszynski J, Tilli TM, Levin M. Ion Channel and Neurotransmitter Modulators as Electroceutical Approaches to the Control of Cancer. Curr Pharm Des 2019; 23:4827-4841. [PMID: 28554310 PMCID: PMC6340161 DOI: 10.2174/1381612823666170530105837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Revised: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The activities of individual cells must be tightly coordinated in order to build and maintain complex 3-dimensional body structures during embryogenesis and regeneration. Thus, one way to view cancer is within systems biology as a network disorder affecting the ability of cells to properly interact with a morphodynamic field of instructive signals that keeps proliferation and migration orchestrated toward the anatomical needs of the host or-ganism. One layer of this set of instructive microenvironmental cues is bioelectrical. Voltage gradients among all somatic cells (not just excitable nerve and muscle) control cell behavior, and the ionic coupling of cells into networks via electrochemical synapses allows them to implement tissue-level patterning decisions. These gradients have been increasingly impli-cated in the induction and suppression of tumorigenesis and metastasis, in the emerging links between developmental bioelectricity to the cancer problem. Consistent with the well-known role of neurotransmitter molecules in transducing electrical activity to downstream cascades in the brain, serotonergic signaling has likewise been implicated in cancer. Here, we review these recent data and propose new approaches for manipulating bioelectric and neurotransmitter pathways in cancer biology based on a bioelectric view of cancer. To sup-port this methodology, we present new data on the effects of the SSRI Prozac and its analog (ZINC ID = ZINC06811610) on survival of both cancer (MCF7) and normal (MCF10A) breast cells exposed to these compounds. We found an IC50 concentration (25 μM for Pro-zac and 100 μM for the Prozac analog) at which these compounds inhibited tumor cell sur-vival and proliferation. Additionally, at these concentrations, we did not observe alterations in a non-tumoral cell line. This constitutes a proof-of-concept demonstration for our hy-pothesis that the use of both existing and novel drugs as electroceuticals could serve as an alternative to highly toxic chemotherapy strategies replacing or augmenting them with less toxic alternatives. We believe this new approach forms an exciting roadmap for future bio-medical advances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Tuszynski
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta. Canada
| | - Tatiana M Tilli
- Laboratory of Biological System Modeling, National Institute for Science and Technology on Innovation in Neglected Diseases (INCT/IDN), Center for Technological Development in Health (CDTS), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro. Brazil
| | - Michael Levin
- Biology Department, and Allen Discovery Center, Tufts University, Medford, MA, 02155. United States
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Chitwood CA, Dietzsch C, Jacobs G, McArdle T, Freeman BT, Banga A, Noubissi FK, Ogle BM. Breast tumor cell hybrids form spontaneously in vivo and contribute to breast tumor metastases. APL Bioeng 2018; 2:031907. [PMID: 31069316 PMCID: PMC6324215 DOI: 10.1063/1.5024744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cell fusion was suggested as a mechanism of metastasis about a century ago. Since then, many additional modes of material transfer (i.e., tunneling nanotubes, and exosomes) to generate cell hybrids have been identified. However, studies documenting spontaneous tumor hybrid formation in vivo as a mechanism that enables metastasis are still lacking. Here, we tested whether spontaneous hybrid formation in vivo contributes to bona fide metastatic tumors. We first used single cell RNASeq to analyze the gene expression profile of spontaneously formed cancer cell-stromal hybrids, and results revealed that hybrids exhibit a clustering pattern that is distinct from either parental cell and suggestive of substantial diversity of individual hybrids. Despite the newly gained diversity, hybrids can retain expression of critical genes of each parental cell. To assess the biological impact of cancer cell hybrids in vivo, we transfected murine mammary tumor cells, isolated from FVB/N-Tg(MMTV-PyVT)634Mul/J mice (PyVT) with Cre recombinase prior to injection to the murine fat pad of FVB.129S6(B6)-Gt(ROSA)26Sortm1(Luc)Kael/J mice such that luciferase expression is induced with hybrid formation; luciferase expression was tracked for up to four months. We observed that hybrid formation occurs spontaneously in vivo and that a significantly higher number of hybrids reside in metastases compared to the primary tumor, supporting the possibility that hybrids can emerge from the primary tumor and proliferate to help create a new tumor at a distant site. Additional studies are now warranted to delineate the mechanisms of cancer cell hybrid transit to metastases since drugs to inhibit hybrid formation might prevent metastatic spread.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Felicite K Noubissi
- Department of Biology/RCMI, Jackson State University, Jackson, Mississippi 39217, USA
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Yang S, Wen Q, Liu Y, Zhang C, Wang M, Chen G, Gong Y, Zhong J, Chen X, Stucky A, Zhong JF, Zhang X. Increased expression of CX43 on stromal cells promotes leukemia apoptosis. Oncotarget 2016; 6:44323-31. [PMID: 26517241 PMCID: PMC4792559 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Connexin 43 (Cx43) induced apoptosis has been reported in solid tumors, but the effect of Cx43 expressed by bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC) in leukemia has not been fully investigated. Manipulating Cx43 expression could be a potential therapeutic strategy for leukemia. Here, we investigate the effect of Cx43 expressed by BMSCs (human Umbilical Cord Stem Cells over-expressed CX43, Cx43-hUCSC) on leukemia cells. When co-cultured with Cx43-hUCSC, leukemia cells show significant lower growth rate with increasing apoptosis activity, and more leukemia cells enter S phase. Functional assays of fluorescence recovery after photo bleaching (FRAP) showed improved gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) on leukemia cells when co-cultured with Cx43-hUCSC (p < 0.01). In a mouse minimal disease model, the mean survival time and mortality rate were significantly improved in mice transplanted with Cx43-hUCSC. Our results indicate that Cx43 expressed by BMSC induces apoptosis on leukemia cells. Small molecules or other pharmaceutical approaches for modulating Cx43 expression in BMSCs could be used for delaying relapse of leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijie Yang
- Ostrow School of Dentistry and Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Qin Wen
- Ostrow School of Dentistry and Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Yao Liu
- Ostrow School of Dentistry and Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Ostrow School of Dentistry and Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Maihong Wang
- Department of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Guo Chen
- Department of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Yi Gong
- Department of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | | | - Xuelian Chen
- Ostrow School of Dentistry and Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Andres Stucky
- Ostrow School of Dentistry and Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jiang F Zhong
- Ostrow School of Dentistry and Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Xi Zhang
- Ostrow School of Dentistry and Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China
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Cheng YJ, Chang MY, Chang WW, Wang WK, Liu CF, Lin ST, Lee CH. Resveratrol Enhances Chemosensitivity in Mouse Melanoma Model Through Connexin 43 Upregulation. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2015; 30:877-886. [PMID: 24449132 DOI: 10.1002/tox.21952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2013] [Revised: 12/30/2013] [Accepted: 01/08/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Although current studies indicate that resveratrol exhibits potential antitumor activities, the precise mechanisms of its beneficial effects combined with chemotherapy are not fully understood. This work is warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanism of antitumor effects by the combination therapy of resveratrol and cisplatin. The presence of functional gap junctions is highly relevant for the success of chemotherapy. Gap junctions mediate cell communication by allowing the passage of molecules from one cell to another. Connexin (Cx) 43 is ubiquitous and reduced in a variety of tumor cells. Cx43 may influence the response of tumor cells to treatments by facilitating the passage of antitumor drugs or death signals between neighboring tumor cells. Following resveratrol treatment, dose-dependent upregulation of Cx43 expressions was observed. In addition, gap junction intercellular communication was increased. To study the mechanism underlying these resveratrol-induced Cx43 expressions, we found that resveratrol induced a significant increase in mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) signaling pathways. The MAPK inhibitors significantly reduced the expression of Cx43 protein after resveratrol treatment. Specific knockdown of Cx43 resulted in a reduction of cell death after resveratrol and cisplatin treatment. Our results suggest that treatment of resveratrol in tumor leads to increase Cx43 gap junction communication and enhances the combination of resveratrol and cisplatin therapeutic effects. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 30: 877-886, 2015.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jung Cheng
- Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Ya Chang
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Buddhist Tzu-Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Wei Chang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medical Science and Technology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Kuang Wang
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Science, Feng Chia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Fan Liu
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Song-Tao Lin
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Che-Hsin Lee
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Lu J, Maezawa I, Weerasekara S, Erenler R, Nguyen TDT, Nguyen J, Swisher LZ, Li J, Jin LW, Ranjan A, Srivastava SK, Hua DH. Syntheses, neural protective activities, and inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3β of substituted quinolines. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:3392-7. [PMID: 24951331 PMCID: PMC4110911 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.05.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2014] [Revised: 05/20/2014] [Accepted: 05/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
A new series of fifteen 5-, 6-, and 8-appended 4-methylquinolines were synthesized and evaluated for their neural protective activities. Selected compounds were further examined for their inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) and protein kinase C (PKC). Two most potent analogs, compounds 3 and 10, show nanomolar protective activities in amyloid β-induced MC65 cells and enzymatic inhibitory activities against GSK-3β, but poor PKC inhibitory activities. Using normal mouse model, the distribution of the most potent analog 3 in various tissues and possible toxic effects in the locomotors and inhibition of liver transaminases activities were carried out. No apparent decline of locomotor activity and no inhibition of liver transaminases were found. The compound appears to be safe for long-term use in Alzheimer's disease mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyu Lu
- Department of Chemistry, 213 CBC Building, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States
| | - Izumi Maezawa
- M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Pathology, 2825 50th Street, UC Davis Health System, Sacramento, CA 95817, United States
| | - Sahani Weerasekara
- Department of Chemistry, 213 CBC Building, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States
| | - Ramazan Erenler
- Department of Chemistry, 213 CBC Building, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States
| | - Tuyen D T Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, 213 CBC Building, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States
| | - James Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, 213 CBC Building, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States
| | - Luxi Z Swisher
- Department of Chemistry, 213 CBC Building, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Chemistry, 213 CBC Building, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States
| | - Lee-Way Jin
- M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Pathology, 2825 50th Street, UC Davis Health System, Sacramento, CA 95817, United States
| | - Alok Ranjan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Cancer Biology Center, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, United States
| | - Sanjay K Srivastava
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Cancer Biology Center, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, United States
| | - Duy H Hua
- Department of Chemistry, 213 CBC Building, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States.
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