1
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Wang Y, Bu N, Luan XF, Song QQ, Ma BF, Hao W, Yan JJ, Wang L, Zheng XL, Maimaitiyiming Y. Harnessing the potential of long non-coding RNAs in breast cancer: from etiology to treatment resistance and clinical applications. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1337579. [PMID: 38505593 PMCID: PMC10949897 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1337579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy among women and a leading cause of cancer-related deaths of females worldwide. It is a complex and molecularly heterogeneous disease, with various subtypes that require different treatment strategies. Despite advances in high-resolution single-cell and multinomial technologies, distant metastasis and therapeutic resistance remain major challenges for BC treatment. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are non-coding RNAs with more than 200 nucleotides in length. They act as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) to regulate post-transcriptional gene stability and modulate protein-protein, protein-DNA, and protein-RNA interactions to regulate various biological processes. Emerging evidence suggests that lncRNAs play essential roles in human cancers, including BC. In this review, we focus on the roles and mechanisms of lncRNAs in BC progression, metastasis, and treatment resistance, and discuss their potential value as therapeutic targets. Specifically, we summarize how lncRNAs are involved in the initiation and progression of BC, as well as their roles in metastasis and the development of therapeutic resistance. We also recapitulate the potential of lncRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers and discuss their potential use in personalized medicine. Finally, we provide lncRNA-based strategies to promote the prognosis of breast cancer patients in clinical settings, including the development of novel lncRNA-targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Na Bu
- Department of Pharmacy, Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-fei Luan
- Department of Pharmacy, Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qian-qian Song
- Department of Pharmacy, Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ba-Fang Ma
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Wenhui Hao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jing-jing Yan
- Department of Pharmacy, Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-ling Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yasen Maimaitiyiming
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Women’s Hospital, Institute of Genetics, and Department of Environmental Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
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2
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Jame-Chenarboo F, Ng HH, Macdonald D, Mahal LK. High-Throughput Analysis Reveals miRNA Upregulating α-2,6-Sialic Acid through Direct miRNA-mRNA Interactions. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2022; 8:1527-1536. [PMID: 36439307 PMCID: PMC9686205 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.2c00748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Chemical biology has revealed the importance of sialic acids as a major signal in physiology and disease. The terminal modification α-2,6-sialic acid is controlled by the enzymes ST6GAL1 and ST6GAL2. Dysregulation of this glycan impacts immunological recognition and cancer development. microRNAs (miRNA, miR), noncoding RNAs that downregulate protein expression, are important regulators of glycosylation. Using our recently developed high-throughput fluorescence assay (miRFluR), we comprehensively mapped the miRNA regulatory landscape of α-2,6-sialyltransferases ST6GAL1 and ST6GAL2. We found, contrary to expectations, the majority of miRNAs upregulate ST6GAL1 and α-2,6-sialylation in a variety of cancer cells. In contrast, miRNAs that regulate ST6GAL2 were predominantly downregulatory. Mutational analysis identified direct binding sites in the 3'-untranslated region (UTR) responsible for upregulation, confirming it is a direct effect. The miRNA binding proteins AGO2 and FXR1 were required for upregulation. Our results upend common assumptions surrounding miRNA, arguing that upregulation by these noncoding RNA is common. Indeed, for some proteins, upregulation may be the dominant function of miRNA. Our work also suggests that upregulatory miRNAs enhance overexpression of ST6GAL1 and α-2,6-sialylation, providing another potential pathway to explain the dysregulation observed in cancer and other disease states.
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Targholi S, Noormohammadi Z, Tafsiri E, Karimipoor M. Evaluation of the Function of a Rare Variant in the 3'-Untranslated Region of the β-Globin Gene. Hemoglobin 2022; 46:312-316. [PMID: 36847660 DOI: 10.1080/03630269.2023.2167660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
β-Thalassemia (β-thal) is an inherited genetic disease that occurs because of the absence or reduction of β-globin chain synthesis. Genetic changes occur in different regions of the β-globin gene, but these mutations are less reported in the 3' untranslated region (3'-UTR). The objective of the present investigation was to evaluate the functional effect of a rare variant in the 3'-UTR of the β-globin gene. A variant at the first nucleotide of the 3'-UTR of the β-globin gene (HBB: c.*1G > A) was identified by DNA sequencing in an individual with low hematological indices and a normal hemoglobin (Hb) electrophoresis pattern. To evaluate the functional effect of this variant, the normal and mutated 3'-UTR of the β-globin gene was synthesized separately and sub cloned in the psiCHEK2 vector. Next, using the calcium phosphate method, the psiCHEK2 vectors containing normal and mutated 3'-UTR were transfected separately into the HEK293T cell line. Finally, the transfected cell line was analyzed by dual luciferase assay. The ratio of Renilla to firefly for the mutant sample was 1.26 ± 0.06, while for normal samples it was 1.12 ± 0.04. The results of the luciferase assay showed that there was no significant difference in the functional effect between the mutant and wild type construct. Therefore, it was concluded that this variant might not reduce the expression of the β-globin gene. Future studies by globin chain synthesis or to evaluate the expression of the gene in erythroid cells, might be necessary to understand the regulatory function of this mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sogol Targholi
- Molecular Medicine Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Noormohammadi
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Tafsiri
- Molecular Medicine Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Karimipoor
- Molecular Medicine Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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4
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Jiang F, Chen X, Shen Y, Shen X. Identification and Validation of an m6A Modification of JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway–Related Prognostic Prediction Model in Gastric Cancer. Front Genet 2022; 13:891744. [PMID: 35928449 PMCID: PMC9343854 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.891744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the malignant tumors worldwide. Janus (JAK)–signal transduction and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling pathway is involved in cellular biological process and immune function. However, the association between them is still not systematically described. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to identify key genes involved in JAK-STAT signaling pathway and GC, as well as the potential mechanism. Methods: The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was the source of RNA-sequencing data of GC patients. Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database was used as the validation set. The predictive value of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway-related prognostic prediction model was examined using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO); survival, univariate, and multivariate Cox regression analyses; and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analyses to examine the predictive value of the model. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and chi-square test were used to verify the expression of genes in the model and assess the association between the genes and clinicopathological parameters of GC patients, respectively. Then, Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), gene set enrichment analysis, version 3.0 (GSEA), sequence-based RNA adenosine methylation site predictor (SRAMP) online websites, and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) experiments were used to predict the model-related potential pathways, m6A modifications, and the association between model genes and m6A. Results: A four-gene prognostic model (GHR, PIM1, IFNA8, and IFNB1) was constructed, namely, riskScore. The Kaplan–Meier curves suggested that patients with high riskScore expression had a poorer prognosis than those with low riskScore expression (p = 0.006). Multivariate Cox regression analyses showed that the model could be an independent predictor (p < 0.001; HR = 3.342, 95%, CI = 1.834–6.088). The 5-year area under time-dependent ROC curve (AUC) reached 0.655. The training test set verified these results. Further analyses unveiled an enrichment of cancer-related pathways, m6A modifications, and the direct interaction between m6A and the four genes. Conclusion: This four-gene prognostic model could be applied to predict the prognosis of GC patients and might be a promising therapeutic target in GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medical Engineering and Education Ministry, Nanjing Public Health College, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaowei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medical Engineering and Education Ministry, Nanjing Public Health College, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Shen
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medical Engineering and Education Ministry, Nanjing Public Health College, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaobing Shen
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medical Engineering and Education Ministry, Nanjing Public Health College, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaobing Shen,
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Du Y, Wang Y, Li Y, Emu Q, Zhu J, Lin Y. miR-214-5p Regulating Differentiation of Intramuscular Preadipocytes in Goats via Targeting KLF12. Front Genet 2022; 12:748629. [PMID: 35003206 PMCID: PMC8730364 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.748629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Intramuscular fat (i.m.) is an adipose tissue that is deposited between muscle bundles. An important type of post-transcriptional regulatory factor, miRNAs, has been observed as an important regulator that can regulate gene expression and cell differentiation through specific binding with target genes, which is the pivotal way determining intramuscular fat deposition. Thus, this study intends to use RT-PCR, cell culture, liposome transfection, real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (qPCR), dual luciferase reporter systems, and other biological methods clarifying the possible mechanisms on goat intramuscular preadipocyte differentiation that is regulated by miR-214-5p. Ultimately, our results showed that the expression level of miR-214-5p peaked at 48 h after the goat intramuscular preadipocytes were induced for adipogenesis. Furthermore, after inhibition of the expression of miR-214-5p, the accumulation of lipid droplets and adipocyte differentiation in goat intramuscular adipocytes were promoted by the way of up-regulation of the expression level of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) (p < 0.05) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) (p < 0.01) but inhibited the expression of hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) (p < 0.01). Subsequently, our study confirmed that Krüppel-like factor 12 (KLF12) was the target gene of miR-214-5p. Inhibition of the expression of KLF12 promoted adipocyte differentiation and lipid accumulation by upregulation of the expression of LPL and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBPα) (p < 0.01). Overall, these results indicated that miR-214-5p and its target gene KLF12 were negative regulators in progression of goat preadipocyte differentiation. Our research results provided an experimental basis for finally revealing the mechanism of miR-214-5p in adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Du
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province for Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Exploitation, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province for Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Exploitation, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China.,College of Animal Scienceand Veterinary Medicine, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanyan Li
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province for Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Exploitation, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China.,College of Animal Scienceand Veterinary Medicine, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Quzhe Emu
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiangjiang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province for Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Exploitation, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yaqiu Lin
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province for Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Exploitation, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China.,College of Animal Scienceand Veterinary Medicine, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
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6
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Wang C, Yang Y, Cong L, Jiang Y, Du N, Zhang H. Implication of long non-coding RNA NEAT1 in the pathogenesis of bacterial meningitis-induced blood-brain barrier damage. Microvasc Res 2021; 138:104225. [PMID: 34256086 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2021.104225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Blood-brain barrier (BBB) damage is closely related to various neurological disorders, including bacterial meningitis (BM). Determining a reliable strategy to prevent BBB damage in the context of infection would be highly desirable. In the present study, we investigated the implications of the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 (NEAT1) in moderating BBB damage. METHODS In vitro BBB models were developed by co-culturing hCMEC/D3 cells with glioma cells, whereupon the glioma-exposed endothelial cells (GECs) were treated with a series of mimics, inhibitors, overexpression plasmids, and shRNAs for evaluating whether NEAT1, microRNA-135a (miR-135a) and hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) mediated BBB integrity and permeability. Furthermore, the in vivo biological function of NEAT1 was validated in a mouse model of BBB damage. RESULTS NEAT1 and HIF1α were determined to be up-regulated, while miR-135a was under-expressed in GECs. As demonstrated by chromatin immunoprecipitation and dual-luciferase reporter assays, NEAT1 could bind to miR-135a, and HIF1α was confirmed as a target of miR-135a. Either overexpression of NEAT1 or depletion of miR-135a impaired the integrity and augmented the permeability of BBB. However, HIF1α silencing could reverse the BBB damage induced by NEAT1 overexpression or by inhibition of miR-135a. In vivo experiments substantiated that knockdown of NEAT1 could alleviate BBB damage in living mice. CONCLUSIONS Hence, NEAT1 knockdown prevents BBB disruption and exerts promise as a potential target for BM treatment.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Blood-Brain Barrier/metabolism
- Blood-Brain Barrier/pathology
- Capillary Permeability
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Coculture Techniques
- Disease Models, Animal
- Gene Expression Regulation
- HEK293 Cells
- Humans
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/genetics
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/metabolism
- Lipopolysaccharides
- Male
- Meningitis, Bacterial/chemically induced
- Meningitis, Bacterial/genetics
- Meningitis, Bacterial/metabolism
- Meningitis, Bacterial/pathology
- Mice, Inbred ICR
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- MicroRNAs/metabolism
- RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics
- RNA, Long Noncoding/metabolism
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunying Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161000, PR China.
| | - Yu Yang
- Department of Medical Affairs, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161000, PR China
| | - Ling Cong
- Second Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161000, PR China
| | - Yunfei Jiang
- Second Department of Respiratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161000, PR China
| | - Ning Du
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Hospital of Qiqihar, Qiqihar 161000, PR China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Hospital of Qiqihar, Qiqihar 161000, PR China
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Thu CT, Chung JY, Dhawan D, Vaiana CA, Mahal LK. High-Throughput miRFluR Platform Identifies miRNA Regulating B3GLCT That Predict Peters' Plus Syndrome Phenotype, Supporting the miRNA Proxy Hypothesis. ACS Chem Biol 2021; 16:1900-1907. [PMID: 34085516 PMCID: PMC10124106 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.1c00247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs, miRs) finely tune protein expression and target networks of hundreds to thousands of genes that control specific biological processes. They are critical regulators of glycosylation, one of the most diverse and abundant post-translational modifications. In recent work, miRs have been shown to predict the biological functions of glycosylation enzymes, leading to the "miRNA proxy hypothesis" which states, "if a miR drives a specific biological phenotype..., the targets of that miR will drive the same biological phenotype." Testing of this powerful hypothesis is hampered by our lack of knowledge about miR targets. Target prediction suffers from low accuracy and a high false prediction rate. Herein, we develop a high-throughput experimental platform to analyze miR-target interactions, miRFluR. We utilize this system to analyze the interactions of the entire human miRome with beta-3-glucosyltransferase (B3GLCT), a glycosylation enzyme whose loss underpins the congenital disorder Peters' Plus Syndrome. Although this enzyme is predicted by multiple algorithms to be highly targeted by miRs, we identify only 27 miRs that downregulate B3GLCT, a >96% false positive rate for prediction. Functional enrichment analysis of these validated miRs predicts phenotypes associated with Peters' Plus Syndrome, although B3GLCT is not in their known target network. Thus, biological phenotypes driven by B3GLCT may be driven by the target networks of miRs that regulate this enzyme, providing additional evidence for the miRNA proxy hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chu T. Thu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, CANADA, T6G 2G2
- Biomedical Chemistry Institute, Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York 10003
| | - Jonathan Y. Chung
- Biomedical Chemistry Institute, Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York 10003
| | - Deepika Dhawan
- Biomedical Chemistry Institute, Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York 10003
| | - Christopher A. Vaiana
- Biomedical Chemistry Institute, Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York 10003
| | - Lara K. Mahal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, CANADA, T6G 2G2
- Biomedical Chemistry Institute, Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York 10003
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8
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Sharma RK, Calderon C, Vivas-Mejia PE. Targeting Non-coding RNA for Glioblastoma Therapy: The Challenge of Overcomes the Blood-Brain Barrier. FRONTIERS IN MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY 2021; 3:678593. [PMID: 35047931 PMCID: PMC8757885 DOI: 10.3389/fmedt.2021.678593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most malignant form of all primary brain tumors, and it is responsible for around 200,000 deaths each year worldwide. The standard therapy for GBM treatment includes surgical resection followed by temozolomide-based chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. With this treatment, the median survival rate of GBM patients is only 15 months after its initial diagnosis. Therefore, novel and better treatment modalities for GBM treatment are urgently needed. Mounting evidence indicates that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have critical roles as regulators of gene expression. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) are among the most studied ncRNAs in health and disease. Dysregulation of ncRNAs is observed in virtually all tumor types, including GBMs. Several dysregulated miRNAs and lncRNAs have been identified in GBM cell lines and GBM tumor samples. Some of them have been proposed as diagnostic and prognostic markers, and as targets for GBM treatment. Most ncRNA-based therapies use oligonucleotide RNA molecules which are normally of short life in circulation. Nanoparticles (NPs) have been designed to increase the half-life of oligonucleotide RNAs. An additional challenge faced not only by RNA oligonucleotides but for therapies designed for brain-related conditions, is the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The BBB is the anatomical barrier that protects the brain from undesirable agents. Although some NPs have been derivatized at their surface to cross the BBB, optimal NPs to deliver oligonucleotide RNA into GBM cells in the brain are currently unavailable. In this review, we describe first the current treatments for GBM therapy. Next, we discuss the most relevant miRNAs and lncRNAs suggested as targets for GBM therapy. Then, we compare the current drug delivery systems (nanocarriers/NPs) for RNA oligonucleotide delivery, the challenges faced to send drugs through the BBB, and the strategies to overcome this barrier. Finally, we categorize the critical points where research should be the focus in order to design optimal NPs for drug delivery into the brain; and thus move the Oligonucleotide RNA-based therapies from the bench to the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit K. Sharma
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR, United States
| | - Carlos Calderon
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR, United States
| | - Pablo E. Vivas-Mejia
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR, United States
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, PR, United States
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9
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Gu F, Ji D, Ni H, Chen D. SRY-Box 21 Antisense RNA 1 Knockdown Diminishes Amyloid Beta 25-35-Induced Neuronal Damage by miR-132/PI3K/AKT Pathway. Neurochem Res 2021; 46:2376-2386. [PMID: 34146195 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-021-03373-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Our study aimed to explore the function and mechanism of action of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) SRY-Box 21 antisense RNA 1 (SOX21-AS1) in amyloid beta25-35 (Aβ25-35)-induced neuronal damage. To induce neuronal damage, neuronal cells and differentiated IMR-32 neuroblastoma cells were challenged by Aβ25-35. SOX21-AS1 and miR-132 quantities were detected by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Cell damage was evaluated by detecting the changes of cell viability, apoptosis, and oxidative stress. Cell viability was measured using cell counting kit-8. Cell apoptosis was evaluated by flow cytometry and caspase-3 activity. The oxidative stress was analyzed by reactive oxygen species level. The expression of proteins associated with the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) pathway was examined by western blot. SOX21-AS1 abundance was up-regulated in Aβ25-35-challenged neuronal cells. Silencing of SOX21-AS1 attenuated Aβ25-35-induced viability reduction and promotion of apoptosis and oxidative stress, suggesting that silencing of SOX21-AS1 repressed Aβ25-35-induced neuronal damage. miR-132 quantity was reduced in Aβ25-35-challenged neuronal cells, and negatively controlled by SOX21-AS1. miR-132 knockdown abolished the effect of SOX21-AS1 silencing on Aβ25-35-induced neuronal damage, indicating that SOX21-AS1 controls Aβ25-35-induced neuronal damage via regulating miR-132. The PI3K/AKT signaling was repressed in Aβ25-35-challenged cells, but this effect was counteracted upon overexpression of miR-132. In conclusion, SOX21-AS1 knockdown mitigated Aβ25-35-dependent neuronal cell damage by promoting miR-132/PI3K/AKT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengming Gu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, The Second People's Hospital of Huai'an, Huai'an, 223002, China
| | - Daofei Ji
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221006, China
| | - Hongzao Ni
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, The Second People's Hospital of Huai'an, Huai'an, 223002, China
| | - Depeng Chen
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, People's Hospital of Huai'an Hongze District, 102 Dongfeng Road, Huai'an, 223100, China.
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10
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Du Y, Zhao Y, Wang Y, Meng Q, Zhu J, Lin Y. MiR-25-3p regulates the differentiation of intramuscular preadipocytes in goat via targeting KLF4. Arch Anim Breed 2021; 64:17-25. [PMID: 34084900 PMCID: PMC8128059 DOI: 10.5194/aab-64-17-2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipocyte differentiation, which plays an important role in fat
deposition, involves a complex molecular mechanism. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are
essential in this progress. Here, we showed that miR-25-3p expression had
increased during goat intramuscular preadipocyte differentiation, which
peaked at day 3. Using liposome transfection and qRT-PCR techniques, we
found that knocking down miR-25-3p reduced the accumulation of lipid
droplets by downregulating or upregulating the expression of LPL, PPARγ,
AP2, SREBP1, and C/EBPβ but upregulating the expression of KLF4. Overexpression of
miR-25-3p results in the opposite. Furthermore, the dual luciferase assay
showed that overexpression of miR-25-3p significantly inhibited luciferase
activity of KLF4. These results showed that miR-25-3p has a binding site within
the 3′-UTR of KLF4 mRNA. Together, these findings indicate that
miR-25-3p is a positive regulator of intramuscular preadipocyte
differentiation via targeting to KLF4 in goats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Du
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China.,Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Chengdu, China.,Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China.,Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China.,Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qingyong Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jiangjiang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China.,Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yaqiu Lin
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China.,Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Chengdu, China
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11
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Ye Y, Li SL, Wang JJ. miR-100-5p Downregulates mTOR to Suppress the Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion of Prostate Cancer Cells. Front Oncol 2020; 10:578948. [PMID: 33335853 PMCID: PMC7736635 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.578948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies have shown that miR-100-5p expression is abnormal in prostate cancer. However, the role and regulatory mechanism of miR-100-5p requires further investigation. Thus, the aim of this study was to observe the effects of miR-100-5p on the proliferation, migration and invasion of prostate cancer (PCa) cells and to explore the potential related regulatory mechanism. Materials and Methods Differential miRNA expression analysis was performed using next-generation sequencing (NGS) in the patients with PCa and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). The expression levels of miR-100-5p were detected using real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR). PCa cells were transfected with NC-mimics or miR-100-5p mimics, inhibitor by using liposome transfection. Moreover, the CCK-8 proliferation assay, colony formation assay, cell scratch assay and Transwell assay were used to detect the effects of miR-100-5p on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. In addition, the target gene of miR-100-5p was verified by luciferase reporter gene assay, and the influence of miR-100-5p on the expression of mTOR mRNA by qRT-PCR and the expression of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) protein was detected by western blot and immunohistochemical staining. Results Differential expression analysis of high-throughput sequencing data showed low expression of miR-100-5p in the patients of PCa. It was further confirmed by qRT-PCR that the expression of miR-100-5p in PCa cells was significantly lower than that in RWPE-1 cells (P<0.01). miR-100-5p expression in lymph node carcinoma of prostate(LNCaP) cells was markedly upregulated after transfection with miR-100-5p mimics (P<0.01), while cell proliferation, migration and invasion capacities were clearly reduced (P<0.01). mTOR mRNA and protein expression was also substantially lowered (P<0.01) and mTOR adjusted the expression of NOX4. Finally, we further confirmed by immunohistochemical staining that miR-100-5p regulated the expression of mTOR and NOX4. Conclusion miR-100-5p is expressed at low levels in PCa cells, and it can suppress PCa cell proliferation, migration and invasion, the mechanism of which is related to downregulating the expression of mTOR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Ye
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Su-Liang Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jian-Jun Wang
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
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12
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Jiang L, Duan M, Guo F, Tang J, Oybamiji O, Yu H, Ness S, Zhao YY, Mao P, Guo Y. SMDB: pivotal somatic sequence alterations reprogramming regulatory cascades. NAR Cancer 2020; 2:zcaa030. [PMID: 33094288 PMCID: PMC7556404 DOI: 10.1093/narcan/zcaa030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Binding motifs for transcription factors, RNA-binding proteins, microRNAs (miRNAs), etc. are vital for proper gene transcription and translation regulation. Sequence alteration mechanisms including single nucleotide mutations, insertion, deletion, RNA editing and single nucleotide polymorphism can lead to gains and losses of binding motifs; such consequentially emerged or vanished binding motifs are termed ‘somatic motifs’ by us. Somatic motifs have been studied sporadically but have never been curated into a comprehensive resource. By analyzing various types of sequence altering data from large consortiums, we successfully identified millions of somatic motifs, including those for important transcription factors, RNA-binding proteins, miRNA seeds and miRNA–mRNA 3′-UTR target motifs. While a few of these somatic motifs have been well studied, our results contain many novel somatic motifs that occur at high frequency and are thus likely to cause important biological repercussions. Genes targeted by these altered motifs are excellent candidates for further mechanism studies. Here, we present the first database that hosts millions of somatic motifs ascribed to a variety of sequence alteration mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limin Jiang
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87109, USA
| | - Mingrui Duan
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87109, USA
| | - Fei Guo
- School of Computer Science and Technology, College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Jijun Tang
- Department of Computer Science, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Olufunmilola Oybamiji
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87109, USA
| | - Hui Yu
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87109, USA
| | - Scott Ness
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87109, USA
| | - Ying-Yong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Peng Mao
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87109, USA
| | - Yan Guo
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87109, USA
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13
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Abstract
Glycosylation is a sophisticated informational system that controls specific biological functions at the cellular and organismal level. Dysregulation of glycosylation may underlie some of the most complex and common diseases of the modern era. In the past 5 years, microRNAs have come to the forefront as a critical regulator of the glycome. Herein, we review the current literature on miRNA regulation of glycosylation and how this work may point to a new way to identify the biological importance of glycosylation enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chu T Thu
- Biomedical Chemistry Institute, Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Lara K Mahal
- Biomedical Chemistry Institute, Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
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14
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Xu HK, Wang XD, Wang DG, Wei DD, Liang L, Liu CH. miR-340 Exerts Suppressive Effect on Retinoblastoma Progression by Targeting KIF14. Curr Eye Res 2020; 46:232-238. [PMID: 32757684 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2020.1795202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: This work aimed to investigate the influences of microRNA-340 (miR-340) on proliferation and apoptosis of retinoblastoma (RB) cells and explore its regulatory mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS miR-340 mimic and inhibitor were applied for up-regulating or inhibiting the expression of miR-340 in RB cell lines. Then, CCK-8 and AnnexinV-FITC/PI staining were used to measure cell proliferation and apoptosis, respectively. After that, luciferase assay was performed to affirm the direct targets of miR-340. Furthermore, qRT-PCR and western blotting assay were carried out to detect the levels of miR-340 and KIF14. RESULTS Our results indicated that the miR-340 was lowly expressed in RB cell lines, and up-regulation of miR-340 can decrease the proliferation and induce the apoptosis of RB cells. Moreover, we verified that miR-340 controls KIF14 expression, either directly or through a subsequent molecular cascade, and inversely related to its expression. The results obtained from the rescue assays presented that over-expression of KIF14 reversed the miR-340-mediated inhibition on malignant phenotype of RB cells. CONCLUSIONS Overall, we proved that miR-340 can decrease the proliferation and increase the apoptosis of RB cells, and its function in RB cells was at least partially achieved via down-regulation of KIF14, prompting that miR-340 was expected to supply a new direction for clinical therapy of RB in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Kun Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Maternity&Child Care Center of Dezhou , Dezhou, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Dong Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yucheng Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Dezhou, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - De-Gong Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology , Dezhou, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Dong-Dong Wei
- Department of Ophthalmology , Dezhou, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Ling Liang
- Department of Ophthalmology , Dezhou, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Chang-Hui Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology , Dezhou, Shandong, P.R. China
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15
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MiR-185 targets POT1 to induce telomere dysfunction and cellular senescence. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:14791-14807. [PMID: 32687062 PMCID: PMC7425516 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Protection of telomere 1 (POT1), the telomeric single-stranded DNA (ssDNA)-binding protein in the shelterin complex, has been implicated in the DNA damage response, tumorigenesis and aging. Telomere dysfunction induced by telomere deprotection could accelerate cellular senescence in primary human cells. While previous work demonstrated the biological mechanism of POT1 in aging and cancer, how POT1 is posttranscriptionally regulated remains largely unknown. To better understand the POT1 regulatory axis, we performed bioinformatic prediction, and selected candidates were further confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay. Collectively, our results revealed that miR-185 can significantly reduce POT1 mRNA and protein levels by directly targeting the POT1 3’-untranslated region (3’-UTR). Overexpression of miR-185 increased telomere dysfunction-induced foci (TIF) signals in both cancer cells and primary human fibroblasts. Elevated miR-185 led to telomere elongation in the telomerase-positive cell line HTC75, which was phenotypically consistent with POT1 knocking down. Moreover, miR-185 accelerated the replicative senescence process in primary human fibroblasts in a POT1-dependent manner. Interestingly, increased serum miR-185 could represent a potential aging-related biomarker. Taken together, our findings reveal miR-185 as a novel aging-related miRNA that targets POT1 and provide insight into the telomere and senescence regulatory network at both the intracellular and extracellular levels.
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16
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Integrated miRNA/mRNA Counter-Expression Analysis Highlights Oxidative Stress-Related Genes CCR7 and FOXO1 as Blood Markers of Coronary Arterial Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21061943. [PMID: 32178422 PMCID: PMC7139611 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21061943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Our interest in the mechanisms of atherosclerosis progression (ATHp) has led to the recent identification of 13 miRNAs and 1285 mRNAs whose expression was altered during ATHp. Here, we deepen the functional relationship among these 13 miRNAs and genes associated to oxidative stress, a crucial step in the onset and progression of vascular disease. We first compiled a list of genes associated to the response to oxidative stress (Oxstress genes) by performing a reverse Gene Ontology analysis (rGO, from the GO terms to the genes) with the GO terms GO0006979, GO1902882, GO1902883 and GO1902884, which included a total of 417 unique Oxstress genes. Next, we identified 108 putative targets of the 13 miRNAs among these unique Oxstress genes, which were validated by an integrated miRNA/mRNA counter-expression analysis with the 1285 mRNAs that yielded 14 genes, Map2k1, Mapk1, Mapk9, Dapk1, Atp2a2, Gata4, Fos, Egfr, Foxo1, Ccr7, Vkorc1l1, Rnf7, Kcnh3, and Mgat3. GO enrichment analysis and a protein–protein-interaction network analysis (PPI) identified most of the validated Oxstress transcripts as components of signaling pathways, highlighting a role for MAP signaling in ATHp. Lastly, expression of these Oxstress transcripts was measured in PBMCs from patients suffering severe coronary artery disease, a serious consequence of ATHp. This allowed the identification of FOXO1 and CCR7 as blood markers downregulated in CAD. These results are discussed in the context of the interaction of the Oxstress transcripts with the ATHp-associated miRNAs.
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17
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LINC01234/MicroRNA-31-5p/MAGEA3 Axis Mediates the Proliferation and Chemoresistance of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2019; 19:168-178. [PMID: 31838274 PMCID: PMC6926330 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2019.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a prevalent malignancy characterized by aggressiveness and poor prognosis; however, the molecular mechanism remains to be fully identified. Based on the analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, melanoma-associated antigen A3 (MAGEA3) and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) LINC01234 were upregulated in HCC and associated with poor prognosis of HCC. We investigated the mechanism of how MAGEA3 and LINC01234 influenced HCC cellular functions and cisplatin resistance. MAGEA3 depletion inhibited proliferation, invasion, and cisplatin resistance of HepG2 cells and Huh7 cells in vitro, reduced resistance-associated protein 2 (MRP2), MRP3, and multidrug resistance protein 1 (MDR-1) expression, and elevated ALB expression. RNA pull-down and RIP assays identified the binding of LINC01234 and MAGEA3 to microRNA-31-5p (miR-31-5p). LINC01234 could restore MAGEA3 expression by binding to miR-31-5p. Furthermore, we delivered plasmids into HepG2 cells and Huh7 cells to alter the expression of LINC01234 and miR-31-5p. When miR-31-5p was downregulated, the proliferation and invasion of HepG2 cells and Huh7 cells were enhanced and the cisplatin-induced apoptosis was inhibited, while LINC01234 knockdown could diminish the effects caused by miR-31-5p depletion. In summary, these data highlight the vital role of MAGEA3/LINC01234/miR-31-5p axis in the HCC progression and chemoresistance of HCC cells.
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18
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Li C, Zhang Y, Zhao W, Cui S, Song Y. miR‐153‐3p regulates progression of ovarian carcinoma in vitro and in vivo by targeting
MCL1
gene. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:19147-19158. [PMID: 31297886 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cui Li
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Yantai Affiliated HospitalBinzhou Medical College Yantai Shandong China
| | - Yinmin Zhang
- Department of GynaecologyThe People's Hospital of Rizhao Rizhao Shandong China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of ReproductionDezhou People's Hospital Dezhou Shandong China
| | - Shoubin Cui
- Department of Gynaecology, Yantai Affiliated HospitalBinzhou Medical College Yantai Shandong China
| | - Yuchun Song
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Yantai Affiliated HospitalBinzhou Medical College Yantai Shandong China
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19
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Luo Y, Hua T, You X, Lou J, Yang X, Tang N. Effects of MiR-107 on The Chemo-drug Sensitivity of Breast Cancer Cells. Open Med (Wars) 2019; 14:59-65. [PMID: 31346547 PMCID: PMC6642800 DOI: 10.1515/med-2019-0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background A growing body of evidence indicates that aberrant expression of miR-107 plays a core role in cancers. This study aims to demonstrate the function of miR-107 and its roles in chemo-drug resistance in breast cancer cells. Methodology CCK-8 assays were carried out to test the effect of miR-107 mimics on the proliferation of MCF-7 cells. The apoptosis level of each group was detected by flow cytometry. miR-107 level, mRNA levels of Bcl-2/Bax and TRIAP1 were detected by quantitative real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis. Protein levels of Bcl-2/Bax, p-Akt/Akt in MCF-7 cells were detected by using Western Blot. Lastly, the dual luciferase reporter gene assay system was used to confirm interaction between miR-107 and its target gene TRIAP1. Results CCK-8 assays indicated that miR-107 mimics augmented Taxol-induced cell viability inhibition. Flow cytometry showed that miR-107 mimics augmented Taxol-induced elevation of cell apoptosis. qRT-PCR analysis revealed that miR-107 mimics inhibited the mRNA expression of Bcl-2 and induced the mRNA level of Bax. Western Blotting indicated that miR-107 mimics inhibited the expression of proteins Bcl-2 and p-Akt, and induced the expression of Bax, while showing no significant effects on Akt. The relative luciferase activity revealed that oncogene TRIAP1 is a potential target gene of miR-107. Conclusions miR-107 plays a role in regulating chemo-drug sensitivity in mammary cancer cell by targeting TRIAP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Luo
- Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Ningbo Medical Center LiHuili Eastern Hospital, Ningbo 315000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tebo Hua
- Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Ningbo Medical Center LiHuili Eastern Hospital, Ningbo 315000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xia You
- Department Of Quality Control, Mindong Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Fu'an 355000, Fujian, China
| | - Jinfeng Lou
- Department Of Quality Control, Mindong Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Fu'an 355000, Fujian, China
| | - Xuxiong Yang
- Oncological Surgery, Mindong Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Fu'an 355000, Fujian, China
| | - Ningwen Tang
- Mindong Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, NO. 89 Heshan Road, Fu'an 355000, Fujian, China
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20
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Biouss G, Antounians L, Li B, O'Connell JS, Seo S, Catania VD, Guadagno J, Rahman A, Zani-Ruttenstock E, Svergun N, Pierro A, Zani A. Experimental necrotizing enterocolitis induces neuroinflammation in the neonatal brain. J Neuroinflammation 2019; 16:97. [PMID: 31077225 PMCID: PMC6511222 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-019-1481-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is an inflammatory gastrointestinal disease primarily affecting preterm neonates. Neonates with NEC suffer from a degree of neurodevelopmental delay that is not explained by prematurity alone. There is a need to understand the pathogenesis of neurodevelopmental delay in NEC. In this study, we assessed the macroscopic and microscopic changes that occur to brain cell populations in specific brain regions in a neonatal mouse model of NEC. Moreover, we investigated the role of intestinal inflammation as part of the mechanism responsible for the changes observed in the brain of pups with NEC. Methods Brains of mice were assessed for gross morphology and cerebral cortex thickness (using histology). Markers for mature neurons, oligodendrocytes, neural progenitor cells, microglia, and astrocytes were used to quantify their cell populations in different regions of the brain. Levels of cell apoptosis in the brain were measured by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress markers and levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (in the ileum and brain) were measured by RT-qPCR and Western blotting. A Pearson test was used to correlate the levels of cytokines (ELISA) in the brain and ileum and to correlate activated microglia and astrocyte populations to the severity of NEC. Results NEC pups had smaller brain weights, higher brain-to-body weight ratios, and thinner cortices compared to control pups. NEC pups had increased levels of apoptosis and ER stress. In addition, NEC was associated with a reduction in the number of neurons, oligodendrocytes, and neural progenitors in specific regions of the brain. Levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the density of activated microglia and astrocytes were increased in the brain and positively correlated with the increase in the levels pro-inflammatory cytokines in the gut and the severity of NEC damage respectively. Conclusions NEC is associated with severe changes in brain morphology, a pro-inflammatory response in the brain that alters cell homeostasis and density of brain cell populations in specific cerebral regions. We show that the severity of neuroinflammation is associated with the severity of NEC. Our findings suggest that early intervention during NEC may reduce the chance of acute neuroinflammation and cerebral damage. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12974-019-1481-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Biouss
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, PGCRL, The Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 0A4, Canada.,Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X8, Canada.,Translational Medicine Program, PGCRL, The Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Lina Antounians
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, PGCRL, The Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 0A4, Canada.,Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Bo Li
- Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X8, Canada.,Translational Medicine Program, PGCRL, The Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Joshua S O'Connell
- Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X8, Canada.,Translational Medicine Program, PGCRL, The Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Shogo Seo
- Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X8, Canada.,Translational Medicine Program, PGCRL, The Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Vincenzo D Catania
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, PGCRL, The Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 0A4, Canada.,Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Jennifer Guadagno
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, PGCRL, The Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 0A4, Canada.,Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Abidur Rahman
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, PGCRL, The Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Elke Zani-Ruttenstock
- Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X8, Canada.,Translational Medicine Program, PGCRL, The Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 0A4, Canada.,Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nataliia Svergun
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, PGCRL, The Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Agostino Pierro
- Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X8, Canada.,Translational Medicine Program, PGCRL, The Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 0A4, Canada.,Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Augusto Zani
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, PGCRL, The Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 0A4, Canada. .,Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X8, Canada. .,Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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21
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Hussein HAM, Alfhili MA, Pakala P, Simon S, Hussain J, McCubrey JA, Akula SM. miRNAs and their roles in KSHV pathogenesis. Virus Res 2019; 266:15-24. [PMID: 30951791 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2019.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is the etiological agent of Kaposi's sarcoma (KS), primary effusion lymphoma (PEL), and multicentric Castleman Disease (MCD). Recent mechanistic advances have discerned the importance of microRNAs in the virus-host relationship. KSHV has two modes of replication: lytic and latent phase. KSHV entry into permissive cells, establishment of infection, and maintenance of latency are contingent upon successful modulation of the host miRNA transcriptome. Apart from host cell miRNAs, KSHV also encodes viral miRNAs. Among various cellular and molecular targets, miRNAs are appearing to be key players in regulating viral pathogenesis. Therefore, the use of miRNAs as novel therapeutics has gained considerable attention as of late. This innovative approach relies on either mimicking miRNA species by identical oligonucleotides, or selective silencing of miRNA with specific oligonucleotide inhibitors. Here, we provide an overview of KSHV pathogenesis at the molecular level with special emphasis on the various roles miRNAs play during virus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hosni A M Hussein
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, United States; Faculty of Science, Al Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt
| | - Mohammad A Alfhili
- Department of Medicine (Division of Hematology/Oncology), Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, United States; Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pranaya Pakala
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, United States
| | - Sandra Simon
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, United States
| | - Jaffer Hussain
- Department of Internal Medicine, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, United States
| | - James A McCubrey
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, United States
| | - Shaw M Akula
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, United States.
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22
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Liu H, Ni Z, Shi L, Ma L, Zhao J. MiR-486-5p inhibits the proliferation of leukemia cells and induces apoptosis through targeting FOXO1. Mol Cell Probes 2019; 44:37-43. [PMID: 30731134 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2019.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM Studies have reported that micro (miR)-486-5p plays a crucial part in the progression of leukemia, however, to the best of our knowledge, few studies have been conducted on its mechanism in leukemia. In this study, the mechanism of miR-486-5p in leukemia cells was pointed out and its possible target genes were analyzed for the purpose of providing new therapeutic strategies for treating leukemia patients. METHODS MiRNA expression of Leukemia cells (K562, Kasumi-1, and THP-1) and primary leukocytes was detected by Real-time Quantitative polymerase chain reaction(qPCR). The activity of the cells was assessed using the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8). Apoptotic cells were analyzed by a flow cytometer (FCM). Caspase-3 activation in leukemia cells was determined by Western blot. Targetscan 7.2 was used to predict the potential targets of miR-486-5p and further confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay. RESULT miR-486-5p was significantly down-regulated in leukemia cells. The over-expression of miR-486-5p notably increased the apoptosis and caspase-3 activity in leukemia cells. There was a predicted interaction site for miR-486-5p in the FOXO1 3'-UTR. Furthermore, this study showed that FOXO1 was significantly up-regulated in leukemia cells, the growth of which was depressed by the up-regulation of miR-486-5p. CONCLUSION miR-486-5p may inhibit the proliferation of leukemia cells and induce apoptosis through targeting FOXO1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Liu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, China
| | - Zengfeng Ni
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, China
| | - Lili Shi
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, China
| | - Lijie Ma
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, China
| | - Jianqiang Zhao
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, China.
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Mapekula L, Ramorola BR, Goolam Hoosen T, Mowla S. The interplay between viruses & host microRNAs in cancer - An emerging role for HIV in oncogenesis. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2019; 137:108-114. [PMID: 31014506 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2019.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Human cancers attributed to viral infections represent a growing proportion of the global cancer burden, with these types of cancers being the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in some regions. The concept that viruses play a causal role in human cancers is not new, but the mechanism thereof, while well described for some viruses, still remains elusive and complex for others, especially in the case of HIV-associated B-cell derived cancers. In the last decade, compelling evidence has demonstrated that cellular microRNAs are deregulated in cancers, with an increasing number of studies identifying microRNAs as potential biomarkers for human cancer diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic targets or tools. Recent research demonstrates that viruses and viral components manipulate host microRNA expressions to their advantage, and the emerging picture suggests that the virus/microRNA pathway interaction is defined by a plethora of complex mechanisms. In this review, we highlight the current knowledge on virus/microRNA pathway interactions in the context of cancer and provide new insights on HIV as an oncogenic virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Mapekula
- Division of Haematology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Observatory, 7925, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - B R Ramorola
- Division of Haematology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Observatory, 7925, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - T Goolam Hoosen
- Division of Haematology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Observatory, 7925, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - S Mowla
- Division of Haematology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Observatory, 7925, Cape Town, South Africa.
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Li X, Chen W, Jin Y, Xue R, Su J, Mu Z, Li J, Jiang S. miR-142-5p enhances cisplatin-induced apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells by targeting multiple anti-apoptotic genes. Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 161:98-112. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Grüll MP, Massé E. Mimicry, deception and competition: The life of competing endogenous RNAs. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-RNA 2019; 10:e1525. [PMID: 30761752 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Since their discovery, small regulatory RNAs (sRNAs) were thought to be regulated exclusively at the transcriptional level. However, accumulating data from recent reports indicate that posttranscriptional signals can also modulate the function and stability of sRNAs. One of these posttranscriptional signals are competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs). Commonly called RNA sponges, ceRNAs can effectively sequester sRNAs and prevent them from binding their cognate target messenger RNAs (mRNAs). Subsequently, they prevent sRNA-dependent regulation of translation and stability of mRNA targets. While some ceRNAs seem to be expressed constitutively, others are intricately regulated according to environmental conditions. The outcome of ceRNA binding to a sRNA reaches beyond simple sequestration. Various effects observed on sRNA functions extend from reducing transcriptional noise to promote RNA turnover. Here, we present a historical perspective of the discovery of ceRNAs in eukaryotic organisms and mainly focus on the synthesis and function of select, well-described, ceRNAs in bacterial cells. This article is categorized under: RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > Small Molecule-RNA Interactions Translation > Translation Regulation RNA Turnover and Surveillance > Regulation of RNA Stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc P Grüll
- Department of Biochemistry, RNA Group, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Eric Massé
- Department of Biochemistry, RNA Group, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
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Su J, Ruan S, Dai S, Mi J, Chen W, Jiang S. NF1 regulates apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells by targeting MCL1 via miR-142–5p. Pharmacogenomics 2019; 20:155-165. [DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2018-0161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: NF1 loss confers chemoresistance in multiple cancers. However, the etiology remains largely unknown. Our study aimed to scrutinize the role of NF1 in chemoresistant ovarian cancer and its underlying mechanism. Materials & methods: 4’,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole staining, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling assay, luciferase reporter assay, chromatin immunoprecipitation, Western blot, quantitative real-time-PCR and rescue experiments were performed to illustrate the antiapoptotic role of NF1 loss and its underlying mechanism. Results: NF1-knockdown ovarian cells showed resistance to cisplatin-induced apoptosis. Furthermore, NF1 regulated MCL1 expression at protein level. Further dissections suggested that miR-142-5p was regulated by NF1 via its promoter and targeted MCL1. Consistently, miR-142-5p mimic and si-MCL1 can attenuate the antiapoptotic effect of NF1 knockdown. Conclusion: NF1 knockdown endowed ovarian cells with resistance to cisplatin-induced apoptosis by targeting MCL1 via miR-142-5p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiancheng Su
- Department of Biological Sciences & Technology, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Shaolin Ruan
- Department of Biological Sciences & Technology, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Shengkun Dai
- Department of Biological Sciences & Technology, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Jing Mi
- Department of Biological Sciences & Technology, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Songshan Jiang
- Department of Biological Sciences & Technology, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
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Chen W, Du J, Li X, Su J, Huang Y, Ding N, Zhang M, Jiang S. miR-509-3p promotes cisplatin-induced apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells through the regulation of anti-apoptotic genes. Pharmacogenomics 2017; 18:1671-1682. [PMID: 29173002 DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2017-0115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Previous observations have implicated miR-509-3p's ability in regulating cisplatin-triggered apoptosis in ovarian cancer. However, the underlying mechanisms were not fully understood. MATERIALS & METHODS The roles of miR-509-3p in cellular apoptosis were assessed through MTT and DAPI assays. The confirmation of the regulation of BCL2 family members by miR-509-3p was investigated by luciferase reporter assay, western blot, quantitative real-time PCR and rescue experiments. RESULTS MiR-509-3p can decrease the IC50 values of cisplatin and promote apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells. Furthermore, on a panel of anti-apoptotic proteins, we identified that miR-509-3p could regulate BCL2, BCL2L2 and MCL1 via their 3'UTRs. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates that miR-509-3p could sensitize ovarian cancer cells to cisplatin treatment by targeting multiple anti-apoptosis genes including BCL2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingjie Du
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaodi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiancheng Su
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongzhi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor, Ministry of Education, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Nan Ding
- Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor, Ministry of Education, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Mengdie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Songshan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Li X, Jin Y, Mu Z, Chen W, Jiang S. MicroRNA-146a-5p enhances cisplatin-induced apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells by targeting multiple anti-apoptotic genes. Int J Oncol 2017; 51:327-335. [DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2017.4023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Li SJ, Liu HL, Tang SL, Li XJ, Wang XY. MicroRNA-150 regulates glycolysis by targeting von Hippel-Lindau in glioma cells. Am J Transl Res 2017; 9:1058-1066. [PMID: 28386333 PMCID: PMC5375998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Warburg effect, characterized by enhanced glycolysis and lactate production, even under aerobic conditions, is one of the hallmarks of cancer cells. However, the mechanism underlying this phenomenon remains poorly understood. Previous studies have shown that microRNA-150 (miR-150) is significantly up-regulated in various malignancies and represents a putative onco-miRNA in human cancers. In the present study, we aim to investigate the functional significance and molecular target of miR-150 in glioma. As a result, von Hippel-Lindau (VHL), which is a specific E3 ligase for hypoxia inducible factor 1 (HIF1α), was identified as a novel target of miR-150. Consistently, cells overexpressing miR-150 exhibited a metabolic shift, including enhanced glucose uptake and lactate production, which led to a rapid growth of glioma cells. Therefore, our results suggest that miR-150 modulates the Warburg effect in glioma via VHL/HIF1α and might provide a novel option for future treatments for glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Jie Li
- Department of Trauma Emergency, Huaihe Hospital of Henan UniversityKaifeng 475000, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Hong-Lin Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huaihe Hospital of Henan UniversityKaifeng 475000, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Shi-Lei Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huaihe Hospital of Henan UniversityKaifeng 475000, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Juan Li
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Xinxiang Medical UniversityJinsui Road, Xinxiang 453003, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Yin Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xinxiang Medical UniversityJinsui Road, Xinxiang 453003, P. R. China
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Yan L, Liu J, Zhao Y, Nie Y, Ma X, Kan Q, Zhang L. Suppression of miR-628-3p and miR-641 is involved in rifampin-mediated CYP3A4 induction in HepaRG cells. Pharmacogenomics 2017; 18:57-64. [DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2016-0088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study aimed to explore the role of miRNAs in rifampin-mediated induction of CYP3A4 in HepaRG cells. Materials & methods: Microarray was performed to determine the expression of miRNAs in rifampin-treated HepaRG cells, followed by bioinformatics and luciferase reporter gene assay to analyze miRNAs that directly target CYP3A4. Overexpression of miRNA mimics was used to study their effects on CYP3A4 induction. Results: Forty-seven miRNAs were suppressed and 18 miRNAs were increased by rifampin (above twofold). MiR-628-3p and miR-641 repressed the 3′-UTR luciferase activity of CYP3A4. Overexpression of miR-628-3p and miR-641 showed significant decrease of CYP3A4 mRNA level as well as CYP3A4 induction by rifampin. Conclusion: miR-628-3p and miR-641 could directly target CYP3A4 and are negatively regulated in CYP3A4 induction by rifampin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Yan
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jingyang Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yunlong Zhao
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Basic Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yali Nie
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaochao Ma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Pharmacogenetics, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, USA
| | - Quancheng Kan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lirong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Etebari K, Asgari S. Revised annotation of Plutella xylostella microRNAs and their genome-wide target identification. INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2016; 25:788-799. [PMID: 27515977 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella, is the most devastating pest of brassica crops worldwide. Although 128 mature microRNAs (miRNAs) have been annotated from this species in miRBase, there is a need to extend and correct the current P. xylostella miRNA repertoire as a result of its recently improved genome assembly and more available small RNA sequence data. We used our new ultra-deep sequence data and bioinformatics to re-annotate the P. xylostella genome for high confidence miRNAs with the correct 5p and 3p arm features. Furthermore, all the P. xylostella annotated genes were also screened to identify potential miRNA binding sites using three target-predicting algorithms. In total, 203 mature miRNAs were annotated, including 33 novel miRNAs. We identified 7691 highly confident binding sites for 160 pxy-miRNAs. The data provided here will facilitate future studies involving functional analyses of P. xylostella miRNAs as a platform to introduce novel approaches for sustainable management of this destructive pest.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Etebari
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - S Asgari
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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microRNA-137 promotes apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells via the regulation of XIAP. Br J Cancer 2016; 116:66-76. [PMID: 27875524 PMCID: PMC5220146 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2016.379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Revised: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: microRNAs (miRNAs) have regulatory roles in various cellular processes, including apoptosis. Recently, X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) has been reported to be dysregulated in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). However, the mechanism underlying this dysregulation is largely unknown. Methods: Using bioinformatics and a literature analysis, a panel of miRNAs dysregulated in EOC was chosen for further experimental confirmation from hundreds of miRNAs that were predicted to interact with the XIAP 3′UTR. A dual-luciferase reporter assay was employed to detect the interaction by cellular co-transfection of an miRNA expression vector and a reporter vector with the XIAP 3′UTR fused to a Renilla luciferase reporter. DAPI and TUNEL approaches were used to further determine the effects of an miR-137 mimic and inhibitor on cisplatin-induced apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells. Results: We identified eight miRNAs by screening a panel of dysregulated miRNAs that may target the XIAP 3′UTR. The strongest inhibitory miRNA, miR-137, suppressed the activity of a luciferase reporter gene fused with the XIAP 3′UTR and decreased the levels of XIAP protein in SKOV3 ovarian cancer cells. Furthermore, forced expression of miR-137 increased cisplatin-induced apoptosis, and the depressed expression of miR-137 decreased cisplatin-induced apoptosis in SKOV3 and primary EOC cells. Consistently, the disruption of miR-137 via CRISPR/Cas9 inhibited apoptosis and upregulated XIAP in A2780 cells. Furthermore, the effect of miR-137 on apoptosis could be rescued by XIAP in SKOV3 cells. In addition, miR-137 expression is inversely correlated with the level of XIAP protein in both ovarian cancer tissues and cell lines. Conclusions: Our data suggest that multiple miRNAs can regulate XIAP via its 3′UTR. miR-137 can sensitise ovarian cancer cells to cisplatin-induced apoptosis, providing new insight into overcoming drug resistance in ovarian cancer.
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Cheng Y, Xiang G, Meng Y, Dong R. MiRNA-183-5p promotes cell proliferation and inhibits apoptosis in human breast cancer by targeting the PDCD4. Reprod Biol 2016; 16:225-233. [PMID: 27476679 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2016.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Revised: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs are often aberrantly expressed in breast cancer and postulated to play a causal role in the onset and maintenance of breast cancer by binding to its target mRNA. Here, we evaluated the effects of miRNA-183-5p on cell proliferation and apoptosis which attempted to elucidate the potential role of miR-183-5p/PDCD4 axis in human breast cancer. We found that the miR-183-5p expression level was extremely promoted in breast cancer in comparison with the adjacent normal tissues. Overexpression of miR-183-5p significantly enhanced the cell proliferation and inhibited cell apoptosis in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. Moreover, PDCD4 was predicted as a putative target of miR-183-5p by bioinformatic approaches, and miR-183-5p negatively regulated the expression of PDCD4. Furthermore, knockdown of PDCD4 suppressed expression of p21 and p27, which was consistent with the result of the attachment of miR-183-5p. These data collectively demonstrate that miR-183-5p exerts oncomiRs effects in breast cancer, and may have broad impacts on the field of using antimiRs as anti-cancer drugs for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology, Xingtai Medical College, Xingtai 054000, China
| | - Guixian Xiang
- Department of Pharmacology, Xingtai Medical College, Xingtai 054000, China
| | - Yanbo Meng
- Department of Pharmacology, Xingtai Medical College, Xingtai 054000, China
| | - Runzhi Dong
- Department of traditional Chinese medicine, Xingtai people's hospital, Xingtai 054000, China.
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Beltram J, Morton NM, Kunej T, Horvat S. Construction of an integrative regulatory element and variation map of the murine Tst locus. BMC Genet 2016; 17:77. [PMID: 27287690 PMCID: PMC4902921 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-016-0381-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given the abundance of new genomic projects and gene annotations, researchers trying to pinpoint causal genetic variants are faced with a challenging task of how to efficiently integrate all current genomic information. The objective of the study was to develop an approach to integrate various genomic annotations for a recently positionally-cloned Tst gene (Thiosulfate Sulfur Transferase, synonym Rhodanese) responsible for the Fob3b2 QTL effect on leanness and improved metabolic parameters. The second aim was to identify and prioritize Tst genetic variants that may be causal for the phenotypic effects. RESULTS A bioinformatics approach was developed to integrate existing knowledge of regulatory elements of the Tst gene. The entire Tst locus along with flanking segments was sequenced between our unique polygenic mouse Fat and Lean strains that were generated by divergent selection on adiposity for over 60 generations. The bioinformatics-generated regulatory element map of the Tst locus was then combined with genetic variants between the Fat and Lean mice and with comparative analyses of polymorphisms across 17 mouse strains in order to prioritise likely causal polymorphisms. Two candidate regulatory variants were identified, one overlapping an evolutionary constrained Tst intronic element and the other residing in the seed region of a predicted 3'UTR miRNA binding site. CONCLUSIONS This study developed a map of regulatory elements for the Tst locus in mice and identified candidate genetic variants with increased causal likelihood. This map provides a basis for experimental validation and functional analyses of this novel candidate leanness and antidiabetic gene. Our methodological approach is of general utility for analyzing regulation of loci that have limited annotations and experimental evidence and for identifying candidate causal regulatory genetic variants in post-GWAS or post-QTL- cloning studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmina Beltram
- Biotechnical Faculty, Animal Science Department, University of Ljubljana, Groblje 3, 1230, Domzale, Slovenia
| | - Nicholas M Morton
- Molecular Metabolism Group, University/British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Tanja Kunej
- Biotechnical Faculty, Animal Science Department, University of Ljubljana, Groblje 3, 1230, Domzale, Slovenia
| | - Simon Horvat
- Biotechnical Faculty, Animal Science Department, University of Ljubljana, Groblje 3, 1230, Domzale, Slovenia. .,National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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Steinkraus BR, Toegel M, Fulga TA. Tiny giants of gene regulation: experimental strategies for microRNA functional studies. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY 2016; 5:311-62. [PMID: 26950183 PMCID: PMC4949569 DOI: 10.1002/wdev.223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Revised: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The discovery over two decades ago of short regulatory microRNAs (miRNAs) has led to the inception of a vast biomedical research field dedicated to understanding these powerful orchestrators of gene expression. Here we aim to provide a comprehensive overview of the methods and techniques underpinning the experimental pipeline employed for exploratory miRNA studies in animals. Some of the greatest challenges in this field have been uncovering the identity of miRNA-target interactions and deciphering their significance with regard to particular physiological or pathological processes. These endeavors relied almost exclusively on the development of powerful research tools encompassing novel bioinformatics pipelines, high-throughput target identification platforms, and functional target validation methodologies. Thus, in an unparalleled manner, the biomedical technology revolution unceasingly enhanced and refined our ability to dissect miRNA regulatory networks and understand their roles in vivo in the context of cells and organisms. Recurring motifs of target recognition have led to the creation of a large number of multifactorial bioinformatics analysis platforms, which have proved instrumental in guiding experimental miRNA studies. Subsequently, the need for discovery of miRNA-target binding events in vivo drove the emergence of a slew of high-throughput multiplex strategies, which now provide a viable prospect for elucidating genome-wide miRNA-target binding maps in a variety of cell types and tissues. Finally, deciphering the functional relevance of miRNA post-transcriptional gene silencing under physiological conditions, prompted the evolution of a host of technologies enabling systemic manipulation of miRNA homeostasis as well as high-precision interference with their direct, endogenous targets. For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno R Steinkraus
- Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Markus Toegel
- Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Tudor A Fulga
- Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Uno K, Iijima K, Shimosegawa T. Gastric cancer development after the successful eradication of Helicobacter pylori. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2016; 8:271-281. [PMID: 26989462 PMCID: PMC4789612 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v8.i3.271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Revised: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) develops as a result of inflammation-associated carcinogenesis due to Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and subsequent defects in genetic/epigenetic events. Although the indication for eradication therapy has become widespread, clinical studies have revealed its limited effects in decreasing the incidence of GC. Moreover, research on biopsy specimens obtained by conventional endoscopy has demonstrated the feasibility of the restoration of some genetic/epigenetic alterations in the gastric mucosa. Practically, the number of sporadic cases of primary/metachronous GC that emerge after successful eradication has increased, while on-going guidelines recommend eradication therapy for patients with chronic gastritis and those with background mucosa after endoscopic resection for GC. Accordingly, regular surveillance of numerous individuals who have received eradication therapy is recommended despite the lack of biomarkers. Recently, the focus has been on functional reversibility after successful eradication as another cue to elucidate the mechanisms of restoration as well as those of carcinogenesis in the gastric mucosa after H. pylori eradication. We demonstrated that Congo-red chromoendoscopy enabled the identification of the multi-focal distribution of functionally irreversible mucosa compared with that of restored mucosa after successful eradication in individuals at extremely high risk for GC. Further research that uses functional imaging may provide new insights into the mechanisms of regeneration and carcinogenesis in the gastric mucosa post-eradication and may allow for the development of useful biomarkers.
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Chen W, Zeng W, Li X, Xiong W, Zhang M, Huang Y, Zhou L, Jiang S. MicroRNA-509-3p increases the sensitivity of epithelial ovarian cancer cells to cisplatin-induced apoptosis. Pharmacogenomics 2016; 17:187-97. [PMID: 26786897 DOI: 10.2217/pgs.15.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS XIAP is upregulated in chemoresistant epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). However, the molecular mechanism of this dysregulation remains unclear. MATERIALS & METHODS The regulation of XIAP by miR-509-3p was investigated by luciferase reporter assay, real-time PCR and immunobloting, and the roles of miR-509-3p in cellular proliferation and apoptosis were accessed through MTT and DAPI assays. RESULTS miR-509-3p, a downregulated miRNA in chemoresistant EOC, can directly target the XIAP via its 3'UTR. Overexpression of miR-509-3p can not only downregulate the expression of XIAP in ovarian cancer cells but also inhibit the proliferation of EOC cells and increase their sensitivity to cisplatin-induced apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that restoring certain dysregulated miRNAs to their normal levels could increase the therapeutic effects of anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- Department of Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenshu Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaodi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Mengdie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Longshu Zhou
- Department of Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Songshan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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38
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Weill N, Lisi V, Scott N, Dallaire P, Pelloux J, Major F. MiRBooking simulates the stoichiometric mode of action of microRNAs. Nucleic Acids Res 2015; 43:6730-8. [PMID: 26089388 PMCID: PMC4538818 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkv619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In eucaryotes, gene expression is regulated by microRNAs (miRNAs) which bind to messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and interfere with their translation into proteins, either by promoting their degradation or inducing their repression. We study the effect of miRNA interference on each gene using experimental methods, such as microarrays and RNA-seq at the mRNA level, or luciferase reporter assays and variations of SILAC at the protein level. Alternatively, computational predictions would provide clear benefits. However, no algorithm toward this task has ever been proposed. Here, we introduce a new algorithm to predict genome-wide expression data from initial transcriptome abundance. The algorithm simulates the miRNA and mRNA hybridization competition that occurs in given cellular conditions, and derives the whole set of miRNA::mRNA interactions at equilibrium (microtargetome). Interestingly, solving the competition improves the accuracy of miRNA target predictions. Furthermore, this model implements a previously reported and fundamental property of the microtargetome: the binding between a miRNA and a mRNA depends on their sequence complementarity, but also on the abundance of all RNAs expressed in the cell, i.e. the stoichiometry of all the miRNA sites and all the miRNAs given their respective abundance. This model generalizes the miRNA-induced synchronistic silencing previously observed, and described as sponges and competitive endogenous RNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathanaël Weill
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, and Department of Computer Science and Operations Research, Université de Montréal, PO Box 6128, Downtown Station, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Véronique Lisi
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, and Department of Computer Science and Operations Research, Université de Montréal, PO Box 6128, Downtown Station, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Nicolas Scott
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, and Department of Computer Science and Operations Research, Université de Montréal, PO Box 6128, Downtown Station, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Paul Dallaire
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, and Department of Computer Science and Operations Research, Université de Montréal, PO Box 6128, Downtown Station, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Julie Pelloux
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, and Department of Computer Science and Operations Research, Université de Montréal, PO Box 6128, Downtown Station, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - François Major
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, and Department of Computer Science and Operations Research, Université de Montréal, PO Box 6128, Downtown Station, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
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Xiao Y, Li X, Wang H, Wen R, He J, Tang J. Epigenetic regulation of miR-129-2 and its effects on the proliferation and invasion in lung cancer cells. J Cell Mol Med 2015; 19:2172-80. [PMID: 26081366 PMCID: PMC4568922 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a pivotal role in carcinogenesis. Dysregulation of miRNAs, both oncogenic miRNAs and tumour-suppressive miRNAs, is closely associated with cancer development and progression. The levels of miRNAs could be changed epigenetically by DNA methylation in the 5′ untranslated region (UTR) of pre-mature miRNAs. To investigate whether DNA methylation alters the expression of miR-129 in lung cancer, we did DNA methylation assays and found that 5′ UTR region of miR-129-2 gene was absolutely methylated in both A549 and SPCA-1 lung cancer cells, but totally un-methylated in 95-D cells. The expression of miR-129 was restored by 5-Aza-2’-deoxycytidine (DAC), a de-methylation agent, in both A549 and SPCA-1 cells, resulting in attenuated cell migration and invasion ability, and decreased protein level of NF-κB, which indicates the involvement of NF-κB pathway. To further illustrate the roles of miR-129 in lung tumourigenesis, we overexpressed miR-129 in lung cancer cells by transfection of miR-129 mimics, and found arrested cell proliferation at G2/M phase of cell cycle and inhibited cell invasion. These findings strongly suggest that miR-129 is a tumour suppressive miRNA, playing important roles in the development and progression of human lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Xiao
- KingMed Diagnostics and KingMed School of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxia Li
- KingMed Diagnostics and KingMed School of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haoli Wang
- KingMed Diagnostics and KingMed School of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruiling Wen
- KingMed Diagnostics and KingMed School of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Juan He
- KingMed Diagnostics and KingMed School of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Tang
- KingMed Diagnostics and KingMed School of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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40
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Lu K, Wang J, Song Y, Zhao S, Liu H, Tang D, Pan B, Zhao H, Zhang Q. miRNA-24-3p promotes cell proliferation and inhibits apoptosis in human breast cancer by targeting p27Kip1. Oncol Rep 2015; 34:995-1002. [PMID: 26044523 DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.4025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are often aberrantly expressed in breast cancer and are postulated to play a role in its initiation and progression. In the present study, we found that the expression level of miR-24-3p was upregulated in breast cancer in comparison with the level in adjacent normal tissues. Overexpression of miR-24-3p was able to promote cell proliferation and inhibit cell apoptosis in MDA-MB-435 and MDA-MB-468 cells. With the bioinformatic method, we further identified that p27Kip1 is a direct target of miR-24-3p, and its protein level was negatively regulated by miR-24-3p. Therefore, the data reported here demonstrate that miR-24-3p is an important regulator in breast cancer, and imply that the miR-24-3p/p27Kip1 axis has potential as a therapeutic target for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangping Lu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Jingxuan Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Ying Song
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Shu Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Hang Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Dabei Tang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Bo Pan
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Hong Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Qingyuan Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
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41
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Luo Z, Feng X, Wang H, Xu W, Zhao Y, Ma W, Jiang S, Liu D, Huang J, Songyang Z. Mir-23a induces telomere dysfunction and cellular senescence by inhibiting TRF2 expression. Aging Cell 2015; 14:391-9. [PMID: 25753893 PMCID: PMC4406668 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Telomeric repeat binding factor 2 (TRF2) is essential for telomere maintenance and has been implicated in DNA damage response and aging. Telomere dysfunction induced by TRF2 inhibition can accelerate cellular senescence in human fibroblasts. While previous work has demonstrated that a variety of factors can regulate TRF2 expression transcriptionally and post-translationally, whether microRNAs (miRNAs) also participate in post-transcriptionally modulating TRF2 levels remains largely unknown. To better understand the regulatory pathways that control TRF2, we carried out a large-scale luciferase reporter screen using a miRNA expression library and identified four miRNAs that could target human TRF2 and significantly reduce the level of endogenous TRF2 proteins. In particular, our data revealed that miR-23a could directly target the 3′ untranslated region (3′UTR) of TRF2. Overexpression of miR-23a not only reduced telomere-bound TRF2 and increased telomere dysfunction-induced foci (TIFs), but also accelerated senescence of human fibroblast cells, which could be rescued by ectopically expressed TRF2. Our findings demonstrate that TRF2 is a specific target of miR-23a, and uncover a previously unknown role for miR-23a in telomere regulation and cellular senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Luo
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine of Guangdong Province School of Life Sciences and the First Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
- SYSU‐BCM Joint Research Center for Biomedical Sciences and Institute of Healthy Aging Research School of Life Sciences Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Xuyang Feng
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine of Guangdong Province School of Life Sciences and the First Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
- SYSU‐BCM Joint Research Center for Biomedical Sciences and Institute of Healthy Aging Research School of Life Sciences Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Haoli Wang
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine of Guangdong Province School of Life Sciences and the First Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Weiyi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine of Guangdong Province School of Life Sciences and the First Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Yong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine of Guangdong Province School of Life Sciences and the First Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
- SYSU‐BCM Joint Research Center for Biomedical Sciences and Institute of Healthy Aging Research School of Life Sciences Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Wenbin Ma
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine of Guangdong Province School of Life Sciences and the First Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
- SYSU‐BCM Joint Research Center for Biomedical Sciences and Institute of Healthy Aging Research School of Life Sciences Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Songshan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine of Guangdong Province School of Life Sciences and the First Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Dan Liu
- Cell‐Based Assay Screening Core One Baylor Plaza Houston TX 77030 USA
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center One Baylor Plaza Houston TX 77030 USA
- Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Baylor College of Medicine One Baylor Plaza Houston TX 77030 USA
| | - Junjiu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine of Guangdong Province School of Life Sciences and the First Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
- SYSU‐BCM Joint Research Center for Biomedical Sciences and Institute of Healthy Aging Research School of Life Sciences Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Zhou Songyang
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine of Guangdong Province School of Life Sciences and the First Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
- SYSU‐BCM Joint Research Center for Biomedical Sciences and Institute of Healthy Aging Research School of Life Sciences Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
- Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Baylor College of Medicine One Baylor Plaza Houston TX 77030 USA
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42
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Wolter JM, Kotagama K, Babb CS, Mangone M. Detection of miRNA Targets in High-throughput Using the 3'LIFE Assay. J Vis Exp 2015:e52647. [PMID: 26066857 DOI: 10.3791/52647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Luminescent Identification of Functional Elements in 3'UTRs (3'LIFE) allows the rapid identification of targets of specific miRNAs within an array of hundreds of queried 3'UTRs. Target identification is based on the dual-luciferase assay, which detects binding at the mRNA level by measuring translational output, giving a functional readout of miRNA targeting. 3'LIFE uses non-proprietary buffers and reagents, and publically available reporter libraries, making genome-wide screens feasible and cost-effective. 3'LIFE can be performed either in a standard lab setting or scaled up using liquid handling robots and other high-throughput instrumentation. We illustrate the approach using a dataset of human 3'UTRs cloned in 96-well plates, and two test miRNAs, let-7c and miR-10b. We demonstrate how to perform DNA preparation, transfection, cell culture and luciferase assays in 96-well format, and provide tools for data analysis. In conclusion 3'LIFE is highly reproducible, rapid, systematic, and identifies high confidence targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin M Wolter
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University; Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University
| | - Kasuen Kotagama
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University; Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University
| | - Cody S Babb
- Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University
| | - Marco Mangone
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University; Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University;
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43
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Li H, Gong Y, Qian H, Chen T, Liu Z, Jiang Z, Wei S. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor is a novel target gene of the has-miR-183/96/182 cluster in retinal pigment epithelial cells following visible light exposure. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:2793-9. [PMID: 25955435 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Light-induced retinal injury is clinically and experimentally well-documented. It may be categorized into three types: Photothermal, photomechanical and photochemical injuries. To date, the variation in the hsa-miR-183/96/182 cluster and its potential target genes in human primary retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells, following visible light exposure, has not been reported. In the present study, RPE cells were exposed to 4 h of constant visible light. The expression of the hsa-miR-183/96/182 cluster was determined using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and its potential target genes were investigated. Additionally, hsa-miR-183, hsa-miR-96, hsa-miR-182 and has-miR-183/96/182 mimics were designed and synthesized in vitro, and transfected into the RPE cells. Subsequently, the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) mRNA and protein was measured, using RT-qPCR and western blotting, respectively. The regulation of miRNAs to the BDNF gene were then validated using a dual luciferase reporter gene assay system. The expression of hsa-miR-183, hsa-miR-96 and hsa-miR-182 significantly increased in RPE cells following 4 h of visible light exposure, compared with RPE cells that had been exposed to dark conditions (P<0.01). Following RPE cell transfection with mimics, BDNF mRNA and protein expression in the RPE cells was significantly downregulated compared with control RPE cells (P<0.05, P<0.01, respectively). Similarly, the ratio of Renilla luciferase/firefly luciferase significantly decreased in the RPE cells of the mimic + wild type (WT) group compared with cells of the psiCHECK(TM)-2 (a vector lacking the sequence of the BDNF gene), wild type and mimic + mutation groups (P<0.05, P<0.01). The present study suggests that BDNF is a target gene of the has-miR-183-96-182 cluster in RPE cells. The present study suggests an underlying protective mechanism against retinal light injury and may provide a novel target for the prevention and treatment of light-induced retinal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyang Li
- Department of Opthalmology, The Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100000, P.R. China
| | - Yan Gong
- Department of Opthalmology, The Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100000, P.R. China
| | - Haiyan Qian
- Department of Opthalmology, The Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100000, P.R. China
| | - Tingjun Chen
- Department of Opthalmology, The Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100000, P.R. China
| | - Zihao Liu
- Department of Opthalmology, The Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100000, P.R. China
| | - Zhaocai Jiang
- Department of Opthalmology, The Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100000, P.R. China
| | - Shihui Wei
- Department of Opthalmology, The Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100000, P.R. China
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44
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Wang F, Ren X, Zhang X. Role of microRNA-150 in solid tumors. Oncol Lett 2015; 10:11-16. [PMID: 26170969 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2015.3170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2014] [Accepted: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a family of small endogenous noncoding RNAs and their altered expression has been associated with various cellular functions, including cell development, proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, signal transduction, tumorigenesis and cancer progression. Accumulating evidence has indicated that miRNA (miR)-150 plays an essential regulatory role in normal hematopoiesis and tumorigenesis; therefore, miR-150 may be a potential biomarker and therapeutic target in the diagnosis and treatment of various malignancies. The aim of the present review was to summarize the current knowledge on the functions and regulatory mechanism of miR-150 as an oncogene or tumor suppressor gene in solid tumors. In addition, its potential application as a tumor biomarker, targeted therapeutic strategy and index of prognosis in various cancer types was investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Wang
- Department of Biotherapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China ; National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China ; Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
| | - Xiubao Ren
- Department of Biotherapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China ; National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China ; Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
| | - Xinwei Zhang
- Department of Biotherapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China ; National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China ; Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
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45
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Mets E, Van der Meulen J, Van Peer G, Boice M, Mestdagh P, Van de Walle I, Lammens T, Goossens S, De Moerloose B, Benoit Y, Van Roy N, Clappier E, Poppe B, Vandesompele J, Wendel HG, Taghon T, Rondou P, Soulier J, Van Vlierberghe P, Speleman F. MicroRNA-193b-3p acts as a tumor suppressor by targeting the MYB oncogene in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Leukemia 2015; 29:798-806. [PMID: 25231743 PMCID: PMC4890642 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2014.276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2014] [Revised: 08/07/2014] [Accepted: 08/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The MYB oncogene is a leucine zipper transcription factor essential for normal and malignant hematopoiesis. In T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), elevated MYB levels can arise directly through T-cell receptor-mediated MYB translocations, genomic MYB duplications or enhanced TAL1 complex binding at the MYB locus or indirectly through the TAL1/miR-223/FBXW7 regulatory axis. In this study, we used an unbiased MYB 3'untranslated region-microRNA (miRNA) library screen and identified 33 putative MYB-targeting miRNAs. Subsequently, transcriptome data from two independent T-ALL cohorts and different subsets of normal T-cells were used to select miRNAs with relevance in the context of normal and malignant T-cell transformation. Hereby, miR-193b-3p was identified as a novel bona fide tumor-suppressor miRNA that targets MYB during malignant T-cell transformation thereby offering an entry point for efficient MYB targeting-oriented therapies for human T-ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Mets
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - G Van Peer
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - M Boice
- Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - P Mestdagh
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - I Van de Walle
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - T Lammens
- Department of Pediatric Hematology—Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - S Goossens
- VIB/Department for Molecular Biomedical Research, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - B De Moerloose
- Department of Pediatric Hematology—Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Y Benoit
- Department of Pediatric Hematology—Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - N Van Roy
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - E Clappier
- Genome Rearrangements and Cancer Laboratory, U462 INSERM, Laboratoire Central d'Hématologie and Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - B Poppe
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - J Vandesompele
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - H-G Wendel
- Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - T Taghon
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - P Rondou
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - J Soulier
- Genome Rearrangements and Cancer Laboratory, U462 INSERM, Laboratoire Central d'Hématologie and Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | | | - F Speleman
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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46
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Ibrahim SA, Hassan H, Götte M. MicroRNA regulation of proteoglycan function in cancer. FEBS J 2014; 281:5009-22. [DOI: 10.1111/febs.13026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2014] [Revised: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sherif A. Ibrahim
- Department of Zoology; Faculty of Science; Cairo University; Giza Egypt
| | - Hebatallah Hassan
- Department of Zoology; Faculty of Science; Cairo University; Giza Egypt
| | - Martin Götte
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics; Münster University Hospital; Germany
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47
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Chen B, Chen X, Wu X, Wang X, Wang Y, Lin TY, Kurata J, Wu J, Vonderfecht S, Sun G, Huang H, Yee JK, Hu J, Lin RJ. Disruption of microRNA-21 by TALEN leads to diminished cell transformation and increased expression of cell-environment interaction genes. Cancer Lett 2014; 356:506-516. [PMID: 25304376 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2014] [Revised: 08/23/2014] [Accepted: 09/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNA-21 is dysregulated in many cancers and fibrotic diseases. Since miR-21 suppresses several tumor suppressor and anti-apoptotic genes, it is considered a cancer therapeutic target. Antisense oligonucleotides are commonly used to inhibit a miRNA; however, blocking miRNA function via an antagomir is temporary, often only achieves a partial knock-down, and may be complicated by off-target effects. Here, we used transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs) to disrupt miR-21 in cancerous cells. Individual deletion clones were screened and isolated without drug selection. Sequencing and quantitative RT-PCR identified clones with no miR-21 expression. The loss of miR-21 led to subtle but global increases of mRNAs containing miR-21 target sequences. Cells without miR-21 became more sensitive to cisplatin and less transformed in culture and in mouse xenografts. In addition to the increase of PDCD4 and PTEN protein, mRNAs for COL4A1, JAG1, SERPINB5/Maspin, SMAD7, and TGFBI - all are miR-21 targets and involved in TGFβ and fibrosis regulation - were significantly upregulated in miR-21 knockout cells. Gene ontology and pathway analysis suggested that cell-environment interactions involving extracellular matrix can be an important miR-21 pathogenic mechanism. The study also demonstrates the value of using TALEN-mediated microRNA gene disruption in human pathobiological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buyuan Chen
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA.,Fujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Xinji Chen
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA.,Fujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Xiwei Wu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Xiaoling Wang
- Department of Virology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Yingjia Wang
- Department of Virology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA.,Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ting-Yu Lin
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Jessica Kurata
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA.,Irell & Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences of City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Jun Wu
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Steven Vonderfecht
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Guihua Sun
- Department of Diabetes & Metabolic Diseases, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
| | - He Huang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiing-Kuan Yee
- Department of Virology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA.,Irell & Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences of City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Jianda Hu
- Fujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Ren-Jang Lin
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA.,Irell & Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences of City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
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48
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Bertero T, Robbe-Sermesant K, Le Brigand K, Ponzio G, Pottier N, Rezzonico R, Mazure NM, Barbry P, Mari B. MicroRNA target identification: lessons from hypoxamiRs. Antioxid Redox Signal 2014; 21:1249-68. [PMID: 24111877 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2013.5648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that have emerged as key regulators of many physiological and pathological processes, including those relevant to hypoxia such as cancer, neurological dysfunctions, myocardial infarction, and lung diseases. RECENT ADVANCES During the last 5 years, miRNAs have been shown to play a role in the regulation of the cellular response to hypoxia. The identification of several bona fide targets of these hypoxamiRs has underlined their pleiotropic functions and the complexity of the molecular rules directing miRNA::target transcript pairing. CRITICAL ISSUES This review outlines the main in silico and experimental approaches used to identify the targetome of hypoxamiRs and presents new recent relevant methodologies for future studies. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Since hypoxia plays key roles in many pathophysiological conditions, the precise characterization of regulatory hypoxamiRs networks will be instrumental both at a fundamental level and for their future potential therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Bertero
- 1 Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IPMC) , Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, CNRS UMR 7275, Sophia Antipolis, France
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49
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Wolter JM, Kotagama K, Pierre-Bez AC, Firago M, Mangone M. 3'LIFE: a functional assay to detect miRNA targets in high-throughput. Nucleic Acids Res 2014; 42:e132. [PMID: 25074381 PMCID: PMC4176154 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gku626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs that regulate gene output at the post-transcriptional level by targeting degenerate elements primarily in 3'untranslated regions (3'UTRs) of mRNAs. Individual miRNAs can regulate networks of hundreds of genes, yet for the majority of miRNAs few, if any, targets are known. Misexpression of miRNAs is also a major contributor to cancer progression, thus there is a critical need to validate miRNA targets in high-throughput to understand miRNAs' contribution to tumorigenesis. Here we introduce a novel high-throughput assay to detect miRNA targets in 3'UTRs, called Luminescent Identification of Functional Elements in 3'UTRs (3'LIFE). We demonstrate the feasibility of 3'LIFE using a data set of 275 human 3'UTRs and two cancer-relevant miRNAs, let-7c and miR-10b, and compare our results to alternative methods to detect miRNA targets throughout the genome. We identify a large number of novel gene targets for these miRNAs, with only 32% of hits being bioinformatically predicted and 27% directed by non-canonical interactions. Functional analysis of target genes reveals consistent roles for each miRNA as either a tumor suppressor (let-7c) or oncogenic miRNA (miR-10b), and preferentially target multiple genes within regulatory networks, suggesting 3'LIFE is a rapid and sensitive method to detect miRNA targets in high-throughput.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin M Wolter
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, 427 E Tyler Mall, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA Virginia G. Piper Center for Personalized Diagnostics, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, 1001 S. McAllister Dr., Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
| | - Kasuen Kotagama
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, 427 E Tyler Mall, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA Barrett, The Honors College, Arizona State University, 751 E Lemon Mall, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
| | - Alexandra C Pierre-Bez
- Virginia G. Piper Center for Personalized Diagnostics, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, 1001 S. McAllister Dr., Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
| | - Mari Firago
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, 427 E Tyler Mall, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
| | - Marco Mangone
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, 427 E Tyler Mall, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA Virginia G. Piper Center for Personalized Diagnostics, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, 1001 S. McAllister Dr., Tempe, AZ 85287, USA Barrett, The Honors College, Arizona State University, 751 E Lemon Mall, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
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50
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Ivashchenko A, Berillo O, Pyrkova A, Niyazova R, Atambayeva S. MiR-3960 binding sites with mRNA of human genes. Bioinformation 2014; 10:423-7. [PMID: 25187682 PMCID: PMC4135290 DOI: 10.6026/97320630010423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The importance of miRNA in cellular regulation is gaining momentum. Therefore, it is of interest to study miRNA in human genes. Hence, the humanmRNA sequences (12,175) were searched for miRNA binding sites and 2,563predicted sites were found. We observed that the miR-3960 has more than 1000mRNA binding sites with high affinity (with ΔG/ΔGm values greater than or equal to 90%) for 375genes. The miR-3960 has 565 binding sites in the 5'UTRs and 515 sites in theCDS of mRNAs. Nucleotide sequences of the binding sites in CDS encode for polyalanine orpolyproline. It is observed that miR-3960 has binding sites in 73 mRNAs of target genesencoded transcription factors. Thus, we document predictedproperties (polysites, sites in CDS) of uncharacterized miR-3960 binding sites. The studying of the miRNA properties is important for creation of diagnostic methods of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anatoly Ivashchenko
- National Nanotechnology Laboratory, al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty-050038, Kazakhstan
| | - Olga Berillo
- National Nanotechnology Laboratory, al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty-050038, Kazakhstan
| | - Anna Pyrkova
- National Nanotechnology Laboratory, al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty-050038, Kazakhstan
| | - Raigul Niyazova
- National Nanotechnology Laboratory, al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty-050038, Kazakhstan
| | - Shara Atambayeva
- National Nanotechnology Laboratory, al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty-050038, Kazakhstan
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