1
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Wang L, Meng Y, Wang X. Sustainable Supramolecular Polymers. Chempluschem 2024; 89:e202300694. [PMID: 38355904 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202300694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Polymer waste is a pressing issue that requires innovative solutions from the scientific community. As a beacon of hope in addressing this challenge, the concept of sustainable supramolecular polymers (SSPs) emerges. This article discusses challenges and efforts in fabricating SSPs. Addressing the trade-offs between mechanical performance and sustainability, the ultra-tough and multi-recyclable supramolecular polymers are fabricated via tailoring mismatched supramolecular interactions. Additionally, the healing of kinetically inert polymer materials is realized through transient regulation of the interfacial reactivity. Furthermore, a possible development trajectory for SSPs is proposed, and the transient materials can be regarded as the next generation in this field. The evolution of SSPs promises to be a pivotal stride towards a regenerative economy, sparking further exploration and innovation in the realm of sustainable materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luping Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Colloidal Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Yuwen Meng
- National Engineering Research Center for Colloidal Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Xu Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Colloidal Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, P. R. China
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2
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Sakamoto R, Maeda YT. Unveiling the physics underlying symmetry breaking of the actin cytoskeleton: An artificial cell-based approach. Biophys Physicobiol 2023; 20:e200032. [PMID: 38124798 PMCID: PMC10728624 DOI: 10.2142/biophysico.bppb-v20.0032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Single-cell behaviors cover many biological functions, such as cell division during morphogenesis and tissue metastasis, and cell migration during cancer cell invasion and immune cell responses. Symmetry breaking of the positioning of organelles and the cell shape are often associated with these biological functions. One of the main players in symmetry breaking at the cellular scale is the actin cytoskeleton, comprising actin filaments and myosin motors that generate contractile forces. However, because the self-organization of the actomyosin network is regulated by the biochemical signaling in cells, how the mechanical contraction of the actin cytoskeleton induces diverse self-organized behaviors and drives the cell-scale symmetry breaking remains unclear. In recent times, to understand the physical underpinnings of the symmetry breaking exhibited in the actin cytoskeleton, artificial cell models encapsulating the cytoplasmic actomyosin networks covered with lipid monolayers have been developed. By decoupling the actomyosin mechanics from the complex biochemical signaling within living cells, this system allows one to study the self-organization of actomyosin networks confined in cell-sized spaces. We review the recent developments in the physics of confined actomyosin networks and provide future perspectives on the artificial cell-based approach. This review article is an extended version of the Japanese article, The Physical Principle of Cell Migration Under Confinement: Artificial Cell-based Bottom-up Approach, published in SEIBUTSU BUTSURI Vol. 63, p. 163-164 (2023).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Sakamoto
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, Connecticut 06520, USA
- Systems Biology Institute, Yale University, Connecticut 06516, USA
| | - Yusuke T. Maeda
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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3
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Taniguchi A, Nishigami Y, Kajiura-Kobayashi H, Takao D, Tamaoki D, Nakagaki T, Nonaka S, Sonobe S. Light-sheet microscopy reveals dorsoventral asymmetric membrane dynamics of Amoeba proteus during pressure-driven locomotion. Biol Open 2023; 12:287678. [PMID: 36716104 PMCID: PMC9986612 DOI: 10.1242/bio.059671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Amoebae are found all around the world and play an essential role in the carbon cycle in the environment. Therefore, the behavior of amoebae is a crucial factor when considering the global environment. Amoebae change their distribution through amoeboid locomotion, which are classified into several modes. In the pressure-driven mode, intracellular hydrostatic pressure generated by the contraction of cellular cortex actomyosin causes the pseudopod to extend. During amoeboid locomotion, the cellular surface exhibits dynamic deformation. Therefore, to understand the mechanism of amoeboid locomotion, it is important to characterize cellular membrane dynamics. Here, to clarify membrane dynamics during pressure-driven amoeboid locomotion, we developed a polkadot membrane staining method and performed light-sheet microscopy in Amoeba proteus, which exhibits typical pressure-driven amoeboid locomotion. It was observed that the whole cell membrane moved in the direction of movement, and the dorsal cell membrane in the posterior part of the cell moved more slowly than the other membrane. In addition, membrane complexity varied depending on the focused characteristic size of the membrane structure, and in general, the dorsal side was more complex than the ventral side. In summary, the membrane dynamics of Amoeba proteus during pressure-driven locomotion are asymmetric between the dorsal and ventral sides. This article has an associated interview with the co-first authors of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Taniguchi
- Laboratory for Spatiotemporal Regulations, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Aichi, Japan.,Spatiotemporal Regulations 444-8585 Group, Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS), Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan.,Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan
| | - Yukinori Nishigami
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan
| | - Hiroko Kajiura-Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Regeneration Biology, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan
| | - Daisuke Takao
- Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Daisuke Tamaoki
- Faculty of Science, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Gofuku, Toyama 930-8555, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Nakagaki
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan
| | - Shigenori Nonaka
- Laboratory for Spatiotemporal Regulations, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Aichi, Japan.,Spatiotemporal Regulations 444-8585 Group, Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS), Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan
| | - Seiji Sonobe
- Graduate School of Life Science, University of Hyogo, Kamigori, Hyogo 678-1297, Japan
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4
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Suda S, Suda T, Ohmura T, Ichikawa M. Motion of a swimming droplet under external perturbations: A model-based approach. Phys Rev E 2022; 106:034610. [PMID: 36266827 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.106.034610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Microdroplets driven by the Marangoni effect are known to continue to swim for hours despite their simple composition. This swimming microdroplet changes its motion from straight to curvilinear and further to chaotic as the Péclet number increases. In this study, we investigate the effect of external perturbations on the three-dimensional axis-asymmetric model of a droplet driven by the Marangoni effect. The aim here is to elucidate the contribution of external perturbation to the complex motion of the droplet and the change in its effect according to the droplet size. In this paper, first we provide a detailed explanation on the derivation of the model introduced in our previous work, which is next used to describe the motion of the droplet in the numerical study of the angular response to random perturbations. The numerical simulation of droplet motion with different types of noise indicates that the model does not converge them into a certain type of motion but rather helps to reflect the external perturbations. The obtained results suggest that the types and properties of external perturbation have a considerable effect on the droplet motion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saori Suda
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Tomoharu Suda
- Department of Mathematics, Keio University, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Takuya Ohmura
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel 4056, Switzerland
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Random encounters and amoeba locomotion drive the predation of Listeria monocytogenes by Acanthamoeba castellanii. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2122659119. [PMID: 35914149 PMCID: PMC9371647 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2122659119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Predatory protozoa play an essential role in shaping microbial populations. Among these protozoa, Acanthamoeba are ubiquitous in the soil and aqueous environments inhabited by Listeria monocytogenes. Observations of predator-prey interactions between these two microorganisms revealed a predation strategy in which Acanthamoeba castellanii assemble L. monocytogenes in aggregates, termed backpacks, on their posterior. The rapid formation and specific location of backpacks led to the assumption that A. castellanii may recruit L. monocytogenes by releasing an attractant. However, this hypothesis has not been validated, and the mechanisms driving this process remained unknown. Here, we combined video microscopy, microfluidics, single-cell image analyses, and theoretical modeling to characterize predator-prey interactions of A. castellanii and L. monocytogenes and determined whether bacterial chemotaxis contributes to the backpack formation. Our results indicate that L. monocytogenes captures are not driven by chemotaxis. Instead, random encounters of bacteria with amoebae initialize bacterial capture and aggregation. This is supported by the strong correlation between experimentally derived capture rates and theoretical encounter models at the single-cell level. Observations of the spatial rearrangement of L. monocytogenes trapped by A. castellanii revealed that bacterial aggregation into backpacks is mainly driven by amoeboid locomotion. Overall, we show that two nonspecific, independent mechanisms, namely random encounters enhanced by bacterial motility and predator surface-bound locomotion, drive backpack formation, resulting in a bacterial aggregate on the amoeba ready for phagocytosis. Due to the prevalence of these two processes in the environment, we expect this strategy to be widespread among amoebae, contributing to their effectiveness as predators.
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6
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Suda S, Suda T, Ohmura T, Ichikawa M. Straight-to-Curvilinear Motion Transition of a Swimming Droplet Caused by the Susceptibility to Fluctuations. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 127:088005. [PMID: 34477401 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.088005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this Letter, a water-in-oil swimming droplet's transition from straight to curvilinear motion is investigated experimentally and theoretically. An analysis of the experimental results and the model reveal that the motion transition depends on the susceptibility of the droplet's direction of movement to external stimuli as a function of environmental parameters such as droplet size. The simplicity of the present experimental system and the model suggests implications for a general class of transitions in self-propelled swimmers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saori Suda
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Tomoharu Suda
- Department of Mathematics, Keio University, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Takuya Ohmura
- Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, 35043 Marburg, Germany
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7
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Eidi Z. Discrete Modeling of Amoeboid Locomotion and Chemotaxis in Dictyostelium discoideum by Tracking Pseudopodium Growth Direction. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12675. [PMID: 28978932 PMCID: PMC5627298 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12656-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Dictyostelium discoideum amoeba is a well-established model organism for studying the crawling locomotion of eukaryotic cells. These amoebae extend pseudopodium - a temporary actin-based protrusion of their body membrane to probe the medium and crawl through it. Experiments show highly-ordered patterns in the growth direction of these pseudopodia, which results in persistence cell motility. Here, we propose a discrete model for studying and investigating the cell locomotion based on the experimental evidences. According to our model, Dictyostelium selects its pseudopodium growth direction based on a second-order Markov chain process, in the absence of external cues. Consequently, compared to a random walk process, our model indicates stronger growth in the mean-square displacement of cells, which is consistent with empirical findings. In the presence of external chemical stimulants, cells tend to align with the gradient of chemoattractant molecules. To quantify this tendency, we define a coupling coefficient between the pseudopodium extension direction and the gradient of an external stimulant, which depends on the local stimulant concentration and its gradient. Additionally, we generalize the model to weak-coupling regime by utilizing perturbation methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Eidi
- Department of Physics, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan, 45137-66731, Iran.
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8
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Nishizawa K, Bremerich M, Ayade H, Schmidt CF, Ariga T, Mizuno D. Feedback-tracking microrheology in living cells. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2017; 3:e1700318. [PMID: 28975148 PMCID: PMC5621978 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1700318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Living cells are composed of active materials, in which forces are generated by the energy derived from metabolism. Forces and structures self-organize to shape the cell and drive its dynamic functions. Understanding the out-of-equilibrium mechanics is challenging because constituent materials, the cytoskeleton and the cytosol, are extraordinarily heterogeneous, and their physical properties are strongly affected by the internally generated forces. We have analyzed dynamics inside two types of eukaryotic cells, fibroblasts and epithelial-like HeLa cells, with simultaneous active and passive microrheology using laser interferometry and optical trapping technology. We developed a method to track microscopic probes stably in cells in the presence of vigorous cytoplasmic fluctuations, by using smooth three-dimensional (3D) feedback of a piezo-actuated sample stage. To interpret the data, we present a theory that adapts the fluctuation-dissipation theorem (FDT) to out-of-equilibrium systems that are subjected to positional feedback, which introduces an additional nonequilibrium effect. We discuss the interplay between material properties and nonthermal force fluctuations in the living cells that we quantify through the violations of the FDT. In adherent fibroblasts, we observed a well-known polymer network viscoelastic response where the complex shear modulus scales as G* ∝ (-iω)3/4. In the more 3D confluent epithelial cells, we found glassy mechanics with G* ∝ (-iω)1/2 that we attribute to glassy dynamics in the cytosol. The glassy state in living cells shows characteristics that appear distinct from classical glasses and unique to nonequilibrium materials that are activated by molecular motors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Nishizawa
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Sciences, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Marcel Bremerich
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Sciences, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Heev Ayade
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Sciences, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Christoph F. Schmidt
- Third Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Takayuki Ariga
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Sciences, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Daisuke Mizuno
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Sciences, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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9
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Mengue L, Richard FJ, Caubet Y, Rolland S, Héchard Y, Samba-Louaka A. Legionella pneumophila decreases velocity of Acanthamoeba castellanii. Exp Parasitol 2017; 183:124-127. [PMID: 28778742 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2017.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Acanthamoeba castellanii is a free-living amoeba commonly found in aquatic environment. It feeds on bacteria even if some bacteria resist amoebal digestion. Thus, A. castellanii is described as a Trojan horse able to harbor pathogenic bacteria. L. pneumophila is one of the amoeba-resisting bacteria able to avoid host degradation by phagocytosis and to multiply inside the amoeba. When infecting its host, L. pneumophila injects hundreds of effectors via a type IV secretion system that change physiology of the amoeba to its profit. In this study, we assess mobility of A. castellanii upon infection with L. pneumophila. Electron-microscopy analysis of amoebae revealed a reduction of acanthopodia on cells infected with L. pneumophila. Analysis of velocity showed that migration of A. castellanii infected with L. pneumophila was significantly impaired compare to uninfected cells. Taken together, infection with L. pneumophila could prevent formation of cytoplasmic extensions such as acanthopodia with consequences on the shape, adherence and mobility of A. castellanii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luce Mengue
- Laboratoire Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions, Université de Poitiers, UMR CNRS 7267, Poitiers, France
| | - Freddie-Jeanne Richard
- Laboratoire Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions, Université de Poitiers, UMR CNRS 7267, Poitiers, France
| | - Yves Caubet
- Laboratoire Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions, Université de Poitiers, UMR CNRS 7267, Poitiers, France
| | - Steven Rolland
- Laboratoire Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions, Université de Poitiers, UMR CNRS 7267, Poitiers, France
| | - Yann Héchard
- Laboratoire Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions, Université de Poitiers, UMR CNRS 7267, Poitiers, France
| | - Ascel Samba-Louaka
- Laboratoire Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions, Université de Poitiers, UMR CNRS 7267, Poitiers, France.
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10
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Amoeba-like self-oscillating polymeric fluids with autonomous sol-gel transition. Nat Commun 2017; 8:15862. [PMID: 28703123 PMCID: PMC5511347 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In the field of polymer science, many kinds of polymeric material systems that show a sol-gel transition have been created. However, most systems are unidirectional stimuli-responsive systems that require physical signals such as a change in temperature. Here, we report on the design of a block copolymer solution that undergoes autonomous and periodic sol-gel transition under constant conditions without any on–off switching through external stimuli. The amplitude of this self-oscillation of the viscosity is about 2,000 mPa s. We also demonstrate an intermittent forward motion of a droplet of the polymer solution synchronized with the autonomous sol-gel transition. This polymer solution bears the potential to become the base for a type of slime-like soft robot that can transform its shape kaleidoscopically and move autonomously, which is associated with the living amoeba that moves forward by a repeated sol-gel transition. Most polymeric materials that show sol-gel transitions are unidirectional and stimuli-responsive systems. Here the authors show a block copolymer solution that undergoes autonomous and periodic sol-gel transitions under constant conditions.
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11
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Gao Y, Wang Z, Hao Q, Li W, Xu Y, Zhang J, Zhang W, Wang S, Liu S, Li M, Xue X, Zhang W, Zhang C, Zhang Y. Loss of ERα induces amoeboid-like migration of breast cancer cells by downregulating vinculin. Nat Commun 2017; 8:14483. [PMID: 28266545 PMCID: PMC5344302 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms14483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Oestrogen receptor alpha (ERα) is a well-known target of endocrine therapy for ERα-positive breast cancer. ERα-negative cells, which are enriched during endocrine therapy, are associated with metastatic relapse. Here we determine that loss of ERα in the invasive front and in lymph node metastasis in human breast cancer is significantly correlated with lymphatic metastasis. Using in vivo and in vitro experiments, we demonstrate that ERα inhibits breast cancer metastasis. Furthermore, we find that ERα is a novel regulator of vinculin expression in breast cancer. Notably, ERα suppresses the amoeboid-like movement of breast cancer cells by upregulating vinculin in 3D matrix, which in turn promotes cell–cell and cell–matrix adhesion and inhibits the formation of amoeboid-like protrusions. A positive association between ERα and vinculin expression is found in human breast cancer tissues. The results show that ERα inhibits breast cancer metastasis and suggest that ERα suppresses cell amoeboid-like movement by upregulating vinculin. Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα)-negative cells, which are enriched during endocrine therapy, are associated with metastatic relapse of breast cancer. Here the authors show that ERα inhibits breast cancer metastasis and suggest that ERα suppresses the amoeboid-like migration of breast cancer cells by upregulating vinculin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Zhaowei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Qiang Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Weina Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Yujin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Juliang Zhang
- Department of Vascular and Endocrine Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Wangqian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Shuning Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Shuo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Meng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Xiaochang Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Cun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Yingqi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an 710032, China
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12
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Takahashi K, Toyota T. Micrometer-Scale Membrane Transition of Supported Lipid Bilayer Membrane Reconstituted with Cytosol of Dictyostelium discoideum. Life (Basel) 2017; 7:life7010011. [PMID: 28272354 PMCID: PMC5370411 DOI: 10.3390/life7010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The transformation of the supported lipid bilayer (SLB) membrane by extracted cytosol from living resources, has recently drawn much attention. It enables us to address the question of whether the purified phospholipid SLB membrane, including lipids related to amoeba locomotion, which was discussed in many previous studies, exhibits membrane deformation in the presence of cytosol extracted from amoeba; Methods: In this report, a method for reconstituting a supported lipid bilayer (SLB) membrane, composed of purified phospholipids and cytosol extracted from Dictyostelium discoideum, is described. This technique is a new reconstitution method combining the artificial constitution of membranes with the reconstitution using animate cytosol (without precise purification at a molecular level), contributing to membrane deformation analysis; Results: The morphology transition of a SLB membrane composed of phosphatidylcholines, after the addition of cytosolic extract, was traced using a confocal laser scanning fluorescence microscope. As a result, pore formation in the SLB membrane was observed and phosphatidylinositides incorporated into the SLB membrane tended to suppress pore formation and expansion; Conclusions: The current findings imply that phosphatidylinositides have the potential to control cytoplasm activity and bind to a phosphoinositide-containing SLB membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Takahashi
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan.
| | - Taro Toyota
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan.
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13
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Banno T, Asami A, Ueno N, Kitahata H, Koyano Y, Asakura K, Toyota T. Deformable Self-Propelled Micro-Object Comprising Underwater Oil Droplets. Sci Rep 2016; 6:31292. [PMID: 27503336 PMCID: PMC4977503 DOI: 10.1038/srep31292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The self-propelled motion with deformation of micrometer-sized soft matter in water has potential application not only for underwater carriers or probes in very narrow spaces but also for understanding cell locomotion in terms of non-equilibrium physics. As far as we know, there have been no reports about micrometer-sized self-propelled soft matter mimicking amoeboid motion underwater. Here, we report an artificial molecular system of underwater oil droplets exhibiting self-propelled motion with deformation as an initial experimental model. We describe the heterogeneity in a deformable self-propelled oil droplet system in aqueous and oil phases and at their interface based on the behavior and interaction of surfactant and oil molecules. The current results have great importance for scientific frontiers such as developing deformable micro-swimmers and exploring the emergence of self-locomotion of oil droplet-type protocells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taisuke Banno
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Arisa Asami
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - Naoko Ueno
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kitahata
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Yuki Koyano
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Kouichi Asakura
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Taro Toyota
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
- Research Center for Complex Systems Biology, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
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14
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Sumino Y, Yamada NL, Nagao M, Honda T, Kitahata H, Melnichenko YB, Seto H. Mechanism of Spontaneous Blebbing Motion of an Oil-Water Interface: Elastic Stress Generated by a Lamellar-Lamellar Transition. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:2891-2899. [PMID: 26938640 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b00107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A quaternary system composed of surfactant, cosurfactant, oil, and water showing spontaneous motion of the oil-water interface under far-from-equilibrium condition is studied in order to understand nanometer-scale structures and their roles in spontaneous motion. The interfacial motion is characterized by the repetitive extension and retraction of spherical protrusions at the interface, i.e, blebbing motion. During the blebbing motion, elastic aggregates are accumulated, which were characterized as surfactant lamellar structures with mean repeat distances d of 25 to 40 nm. Still unclear is the relationship between the structure formation and the dynamics of the interfacial motion. In the present study, we find that a new lamellar structure with d larger than 80 nm is formed at the blebbing oil-water interface, while the resultant elastic aggregates, which are the one reported before, have a lamellar structure with smaller d (25 to 40 nm). Such transition of lamellar structures from the larger d to smaller d is induced by a penetration of surfactants from an aqueous phase into the aggregates. We propose a model in which elastic stress generated by the transition drives the blebbing motion at the interface. The present results explain the link between nanometer-scale transition of lamellar structure and millimeter-scale dynamics at an oil-water interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Sumino
- Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science , Katsushika, Tokyo 125-8585, Japan
| | - Norifumi L Yamada
- KENS&CMRC, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization , Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1106, Japan
| | - Michihiro Nagao
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology , Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899-6102, United States
- Center for Exploration of Energy and Matter, Indiana University , Bloomington, Indiana 47408 United States
| | - Takuya Honda
- Department of Education, Aichi University of Education , Kariya, Aichi 448-8542, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kitahata
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Chiba University , Chiba, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Yuri B Melnichenko
- Biology and Soft Matter Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6393, United States
| | - Hideki Seto
- KENS&CMRC, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization , Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1106, Japan
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15
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Non-periodic oscillatory deformation of an actomyosin microdroplet encapsulated within a lipid interface. Sci Rep 2016; 6:18964. [PMID: 26754862 PMCID: PMC4709586 DOI: 10.1038/srep18964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Active force generation in living organisms, which is mainly involved in actin cytoskeleton and myosin molecular motors, plays a crucial role in various biological processes. Although the contractile properties of actomyosin have been extensively investigated, their dynamic contribution to a deformable membrane remains unclear because of the cellular complexities and the difficulties associated with in vitro reconstitution. Here, by overcoming these experimental difficulties, we demonstrate the dynamic deformation of a reconstituted lipid interface coupled with self-organized structure of contractile actomyosin. Therein, the lipid interface repeatedly oscillates without any remarkable periods. The oscillatory deformation of the interface is caused by the aster-like three-dimensional hierarchical structure of actomyosin inside the droplet, which is revealed that the oscillation occurs stochastically as a Poisson process.
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16
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Ito H, Nishigami Y, Sonobe S, Ichikawa M. Wrinkling of a spherical lipid interface induced by actomyosin cortex. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2015; 92:062711. [PMID: 26764731 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.92.062711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Actomyosin actively generates contractile forces that provide the plasma membrane with the deformation stresses essential to carry out biological processes. Although the contractile property of purified actomyosin has been extensively studied, to understand the physical contribution of the actomyosin contractile force on a deformable membrane is still a challenging problem and of great interest in the field of biophysics. Here, we reconstitute a model system with a cell-sized deformable interface that exhibits anomalous curvature-dependent wrinkling caused by the actomyosin cortex underneath the spherical closed interface. Through a shape analysis of the wrinkling deformation, we find that the dominant contributor to the wrinkled shape changes from bending elasticity to stretching elasticity of the reconstituted cortex upon increasing the droplet curvature radius of the order of the cell size, i.e., tens of micrometers. The observed curvature dependence is explained by the theoretical description of the cortex elasticity and contractility. Our present results provide a fundamental insight into the deformation of a curved membrane induced by the actomyosin cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Ito
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Yukinori Nishigami
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Seiji Sonobe
- Department of Life Science, Graduate School of Life Science, University of Hyogo, Harima Science Park City, Hyogo 678-1297, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Ichikawa
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
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17
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Onoda M, Ueki T, Shibayama M, Yoshida R. Multiblock copolymers exhibiting spatio-temporal structure with autonomous viscosity oscillation. Sci Rep 2015; 5:15792. [PMID: 26511660 PMCID: PMC4625142 DOI: 10.1038/srep15792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Here we report an ABA triblock copolymer that can express microscopic autonomous formation and break-up of aggregates under constant condition to generate macroscopic viscoelastic self-oscillation of the solution. The ABA triblock copolymer is designed to have hydrophilic B segment and self-oscillating A segment at the both sides by RAFT copolymerization. In the A segment, a metal catalyst of chemical oscillatory reaction, i.e., the Belousov-Zhabotinsky (BZ) reaction, is introduced as a chemomechanical transducer to change the aggregation state of the polymer depending on the redox states. Time-resolved DLS measurements of the ABA triblock copolymer confirm the presence of a transitional network structure of micelle aggregations in the reduced state and a unimer structure in the oxidized state. This autonomous oscillation of a well-designed triblock copolymer enables dynamic biomimetic softmaterials with spatio-temporal structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michika Onoda
- Department of Materials Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Takeshi Ueki
- Department of Materials Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Shibayama
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwano-ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - Ryo Yoshida
- Department of Materials Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
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