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Huo Y, Sheng Z, Lu DR, Ellwanger DC, Li CM, Homann O, Wang S, Yin H, Ren R. Blinatumomab-induced T cell activation at single cell transcriptome resolution. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:145. [PMID: 33648458 PMCID: PMC7923532 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-07435-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bi-specific T-cell engager (BiTE) antibody is a class of bispecific antibodies designed for cancer immunotherapy. Blinatumomab is the first approved BiTE to treat acute B cell lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). It brings killer T and target B cells into close proximity, activating patient’s autologous T cells to kill malignant B cells via mechanisms such as cytolytic immune synapse formation and inflammatory cytokine production. However, the activated T-cell subtypes and the target cell-dependent T cell responses induced by blinatumomab, as well as the mechanisms of resistance to blinatumomab therapy are largely unknown. Results In this study, we performed single-cell sequencing analysis to identify transcriptional changes in T cells following blinatumomab-induced T cell activation using single cells from both, a human cell line model and a patient-derived model of blinatumomab-mediated cytotoxicity. In total, the transcriptome of 17,920 single T cells from the cell line model and 2271 single T cells from patient samples were analyzed. We found that CD8+ effector memory T cells, CD4+ central memory T cells, naïve T cells, and regulatory T cells were activated after blinatumomab treatment. Here, blinatumomab-induced transcriptional changes reflected the functional immune activity of the blinatumomab-activated T cells, including the upregulation of pathways such as the immune system, glycolysis, IFNA signaling, gap junctions, and IFNG signaling. Co-stimulatory (TNFRSF4 and TNFRSF18) and co-inhibitory (LAG3) receptors were similarly upregulated in blinatumomab-activated T cells, indicating ligand-dependent T cell functions. Particularly, B-ALL cell expression of TNFSF4, which encodes the ligand of T cell co-stimulatory receptor TNFRSF4, was found positively correlated with the response to blinatumomab treatment. Furthermore, recombinant human TNFSF4 protein enhanced the cytotoxic activity of blinatumomab against B-ALL cells. Conclusion These results reveal a target cell-dependent mechanism of T-cell activation by blinatumomab and suggest that TNFSF4 may be responsible for the resistant mechanism and a potential target for combination therapy with blinatumomab, to treat B-ALL or other B-cell malignancies. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-021-07435-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Huo
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory for Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, RuiJin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Building 11, No. 197, Ruijin No.2 Rd, Shanghai, 200025, P.R. China.,Amgen Asia R&D Center, Amgen Biopharmaceutical R&D (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., 13F, Building 2, No. 4560, Jinke Rd, Shanghai, 201210, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Sheng
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory for Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, RuiJin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Building 11, No. 197, Ruijin No.2 Rd, Shanghai, 200025, P.R. China.,Amgen Asia R&D Center, Amgen Biopharmaceutical R&D (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., 13F, Building 2, No. 4560, Jinke Rd, Shanghai, 201210, P.R. China
| | - Daniel R Lu
- Genome Analysis Unit, Amgen Research, Amgen Inc.,, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Daniel C Ellwanger
- Genome Analysis Unit, Amgen Research, Amgen Inc.,, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Chi-Ming Li
- Genome Analysis Unit, Amgen Research, Amgen Inc.,, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Oliver Homann
- Genome Analysis Unit, Amgen Research, Amgen Inc.,, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Songli Wang
- Genome Analysis Unit, Amgen Research, Amgen Inc.,, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Hong Yin
- Amgen Asia R&D Center, Amgen Biopharmaceutical R&D (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., 13F, Building 2, No. 4560, Jinke Rd, Shanghai, 201210, P.R. China.
| | - Ruibao Ren
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory for Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, RuiJin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Building 11, No. 197, Ruijin No.2 Rd, Shanghai, 200025, P.R. China.
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2
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Mo S, Gu L, Xu W, Liu J, Ding D, Wang Z, Yang J, Kong L, Zhao Y. Bifunctional macromolecule activating both OX40 and interferon-α signaling displays potent therapeutic effects in mouse HBV and tumor models. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 89:107099. [PMID: 33091819 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.107099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Combinatory enhancement of innate and adaptive immune responses is a promising strategy in immunotherapeutic drug development. Bifunctional macromolecules that simultaneously target two mechanisms may provide additional advantages over the combination of targeting two single pathways. Interferon alpha (IFNα) has been used clinically against viral infection such as the chronic infection of hepatitis B virus (CHB) as well as some types of cancers. OX40 is a costimulatory immune checkpoint molecule involved in the activation of T lymphocytes. To test whether simultaneously activating IFNα and OX40 signaling pathway could produce a synergistic therapeutic effect on CHB and tumors, we designed a bifunctional fusion protein composed of a mouse OX40 agonistic monoclonal antibody (OX86) and a mouse IFNα4, joined by a flexible (GGGGS)3 linker. This fusion protein, termed OX86-IFN, can activate both IFNα and OX40. We demonstrated that OX86-IFN could effectively activate T lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of mice. Furthermore, we showed that OX86-IFN had superior therapeutic effect to monotherapies in HBV hydrodynamic transfection and syngeneic tumor models. Collectively, our data suggests that simultaneously targeting interferon and OX40 signaling pathways by bifunctional molecule OX86-IFN elicits potent antiviral and antitumor activities, which could provide a new strategy in developing therapeutic agents against viral infection and tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shifu Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, PR China; Nanjing U-Mab Biopharma Co., Ltd, 699-8 Xuanwu Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210042, PR China
| | - Liyun Gu
- Nanjing U-Mab Biopharma Co., Ltd, 699-8 Xuanwu Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210042, PR China
| | - Wei Xu
- Nanjing U-Mab Biopharma Co., Ltd, 699-8 Xuanwu Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210042, PR China
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, PR China
| | - Dong Ding
- Nanjing U-Mab Biopharma Co., Ltd, 699-8 Xuanwu Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210042, PR China
| | - Zhichao Wang
- Nanjing U-Mab Biopharma Co., Ltd, 699-8 Xuanwu Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210042, PR China
| | - Jie Yang
- Nanjing U-Mab Biopharma Co., Ltd, 699-8 Xuanwu Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210042, PR China
| | - Lingdong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, PR China.
| | - Yong Zhao
- Nanjing U-Mab Biopharma Co., Ltd, 699-8 Xuanwu Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210042, PR China.
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3
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Harnessing cancer immunotherapy during the unexploited immediate perioperative period. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2020; 17:313-326. [PMID: 32066936 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-019-0319-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The immediate perioperative period (days before and after surgery) is hypothesized to be crucial in determining long-term cancer outcomes: during this short period, numerous factors, including excess stress and inflammatory responses, tumour-cell shedding and pro-angiogenic and/or growth factors, might facilitate the progression of pre-existing micrometastases and the initiation of new metastases, while simultaneously jeopardizing immune control over residual malignant cells. Thus, application of anticancer immunotherapy during this critical time frame could potentially improve patient outcomes. Nevertheless, this strategy has rarely been implemented to date. In this Perspective, we discuss apparent contraindications for the perioperative use of cancer immunotherapy, suggest safe immunotherapeutic and other anti-metastatic approaches during this important time frame and specify desired characteristics of such interventions. These characteristics include a rapid onset of immune activation, avoidance of tumour-promoting effects, no or minimal increase in surgical risk, resilience to stress-related factors and minimal induction of stress responses. Pharmacological control of excess perioperative stress-inflammatory responses has been shown to be clinically feasible and could potentially be combined with immune stimulation to overcome the direct pro-metastatic effects of surgery, prevent immune suppression and enhance immunostimulatory responses. Accordingly, we believe that certain types of immunotherapy, together with interventions to abrogate stress-inflammatory responses, should be evaluated in conjunction with surgery and, for maximal effectiveness, could be initiated before administration of adjuvant therapies. Such strategies might improve the overall success of cancer treatment.
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4
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Goto T. Radiation as an In Situ Auto-Vaccination: Current Perspectives and Challenges. Vaccines (Basel) 2019; 7:vaccines7030100. [PMID: 31455032 PMCID: PMC6789649 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines7030100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy is generally considered to be a local treatment, but there have been reports of rare cases demonstrating abscopal effects in which antitumor effects have been observed in cancer lesions other than the irradiated site. This result is more likely to occur when immune checkpoint inhibitors are used in addition to radiotherapy. Certain radiation-induced chemokines and cytokines have immune-enhancing effects. Immune checkpoint inhibitors may strengthen these effects by stimulating antigen-presenting cells and effector cytotoxic T cells. To date, there is no consensus regarding the applicability of the abscopal effect in the clinical setting, including optimal methods for combining immune checkpoint inhibitors and irradiation. In this review, we highlight the evidence for interactions between cancer immunotherapy and radiotherapy and discuss the potential of such interactions for use in designing novel combination therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taichiro Goto
- Lung Cancer and Respiratory Disease Center, Yamanashi Central Hospital, Yamanashi 400-8506, Japan.
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5
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León-Letelier RA, Bonifaz LC, Fuentes-Pananá EM. OMIC signatures to understand cancer immunosurveillance and immunoediting: Melanoma and immune cells interplay in immunotherapy. J Leukoc Biol 2019; 105:915-933. [PMID: 30698862 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.mr0618-241rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is the deadliest form of skin cancer. Cutaneous melanomas usually originate from exposure to the mutagenic effects of ultraviolet radiation, and as such they exhibit the highest rate of somatic mutations than any other human cancer, and an extensive expression of neoantigens concurrently with a dense infiltrate of immune cells. The coexistence of high immunogenicity and high immune cell infiltration may sound contradictory for cancers carrying a gloomy outcome. However, recent studies have unveiled a variety of immunosuppressive mechanisms that often permeate the tumor microenvironment and that are responsible for tumor escaping from immunosurveillance mechanisms. Nonetheless, this particular immune profile has opened a new window of treatments based on immunotherapy that have significantly improved the clinical outcome of melanoma patients. Still, positive and complete therapy responses have been limited, and this particular cancer continues to be a major clinical challenge. The transcriptomic signatures of those patients with clinical benefit and those with progressive disease have provided a more complete picture of the universe of interactions between the tumor and the immune system. In this review, we integrate the results of the immunotherapy clinical trials to discuss a novel understanding of the mechanisms guiding cancer immunosurveillance and immunoediting. A clear notion of the cellular and molecular processes shaping how the immune system and the tumor are continuously coevolving would result in the rational design of combinatory therapies aiming to counteract the signaling pathways and cellular processes responsible for immunoescape mechanisms and provide clinical benefit to immunotherapy nonresponsive patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo A León-Letelier
- Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, Ciudad de México, México
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), México Ciudad de México, México
| | - Laura C Bonifaz
- Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Ezequiel M Fuentes-Pananá
- Unidad de Investigación en Virología y Cáncer, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Ciudad de México, México
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6
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Maimela NR, Liu S, Zhang Y. Fates of CD8+ T cells in Tumor Microenvironment. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2018; 17:1-13. [PMID: 30581539 PMCID: PMC6297055 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2018.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 271] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies have reported a positive correlation between elevated CD8+ T cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and good prognosis in cancer. However, the mechanisms linking T cell tumor-infiltration and tumor rejection are yet to be fully understood. The cells and factors of the TME facilitate tumor development in various ways. CD8+ T cell function is influenced by a number of factors, including CD8+ T cell trafficking and localization into tumor sites; as well as CD8+ T cell growth and differentiation. This review highlights recent literature as well as currently evolving concepts regarding the fates of CD8+ T cells in the TME from three different aspects CD8+ T cell trafficking, differentiation and function. A thorough understanding of factors contributing to the fates of CD8+ T cells will allow researchers to develop new strategies and improve on already existing strategies to facilitate CD8+ T cell mediated anti-tumor function, impede T cell dysfunction and modulate the TME into a less immunosuppressive TME.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shasha Liu
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
- Henan Key Laboratory for Tumor Immunology and Biotherapy, Zhengzhou 450052, China
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7
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Yang J, Hu L. Immunomodulators targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 protein-protein interaction: From antibodies to small molecules. Med Res Rev 2018; 39:265-301. [PMID: 30215856 DOI: 10.1002/med.21530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has made great strides in the recent decade, especially in the area of immune checkpoint blockade. The outstanding efficacy, prolonged durability of effect, and rapid assimilation of anti-PD-1 and anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibodies in clinical practice have been nothing short of a medical breakthrough in the treatment of numerous malignancies. The major advantages of these therapeutic antibodies over their small molecule counterparts have been their high binding affinity and target specificity. However, antibodies do have their flaws including immune-related toxicities, inadequate pharmacokinetics and tumor penetration, and high cost burden to manufacturers and consumers. These limitations hinder broader clinical applications of the antibodies and have heightened interests in developing the alternative small molecule platform that includes peptidomimetics and peptides to target the PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint system. The progress on these small molecule alternatives has been relatively slow compared to that of the antibodies. Fortunately, recent structural studies of the interactions among PD-1, PD-L1, and their respective antibodies have revealed key hotspots on PD-1 and PD-L1 that may facilitate drug discovery efforts for small molecule immunotherapeutics. This review is intended to discuss key concepts in immuno-oncology, describe the successes and shortcomings of PD-1/PD-L1 antibody-based therapies, and to highlight the recent development of small molecule inhibitors of the PD-1/PD-L1 protein-protein interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Yang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Longqin Hu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey.,Cancer Pharmacology Program, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey
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8
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Chen ZH, Wang C, Wei FX, Xu BB, Liu J, Pu Y, Zhang SL, Jiang PC. Adenovirus-mediated OX40Ig gene transfer induces long-term survival of orthotopic liver allograft in rats. Transpl Immunol 2018; 48:32-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2018.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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9
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Borrie AE, Maleki Vareki S. T Lymphocyte–Based Cancer Immunotherapeutics. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2018; 341:201-276. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2018.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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10
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Abstract
The recent demonstration of the antitumor efficacy of checkpoint protein inhibition has resulted in the approval of blocking antibodies against the programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) pathway in multiple different histologic findings. Therapeutic successes with PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies in melanoma and lung cancer have been followed by approvals in bladder, renal, and head and neck cancers and Hodgkin lymphoma, with others undoubtedly to come. However, PD-1 is only one of many checkpoints and agonistic regulatory molecules expressed on T cells by which maintenance of the balance between costimulatory and coinhibitory signaling pathways is perturbed in cancer. The manipulation of many of these molecules in cancer patients might be associated with clinical benefit. The majority of the T-cell cosignaling receptors belong to either the immunoglobulin superfamily or the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily. A total of 29 immunoglobulin superfamily and 26 tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily cosignaling receptors have been identified that are expressed on T cells, providing fertile ground for development of inhibitory or agonistic antibodies and small molecules as cancer therapeutics. In the current work, we focus on some of the most promising new checkpoints and agonistic or cosignaling molecules that are in early clinical development as single agents or in combinations with PD-1/PD-L1, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 blockade, or chemotherapy with an emphasis on those that have reached the clinic and on important targets that are in late preclinical development.
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11
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Li KP, Shanmuganad S, Carroll K, Katz JD, Jordan MB, Hildeman DA. Dying to protect: cell death and the control of T-cell homeostasis. Immunol Rev 2017; 277:21-43. [PMID: 28462527 PMCID: PMC5416827 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Revised: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
T cells play a critical role in immune responses as they specifically recognize peptide/MHC complexes with their T-cell receptors and initiate adaptive immune responses. While T cells are critical for performing appropriate effector functions and maintaining immune memory, they also can cause autoimmunity or neoplasia if misdirected or dysregulated. Thus, T cells must be tightly regulated from their development onward. Maintenance of appropriate T-cell homeostasis is essential to promote protective immunity and limit autoimmunity and neoplasia. This review will focus on the role of cell death in maintenance of T-cell homeostasis and outline novel therapeutic strategies tailored to manipulate cell death to limit T-cell survival (eg, autoimmunity and transplantation) or enhance T-cell survival (eg, vaccination and immune deficiency).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Po Li
- Immunology Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Sharmila Shanmuganad
- Immunology Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Kaitlin Carroll
- Immunology Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Jonathan D. Katz
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes Research Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Michael B. Jordan
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Division of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Immune Deficiency, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
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12
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Tuzlak S, Schenk RL, Vasanthakumar A, Preston SP, Haschka MD, Zotos D, Kallies A, Strasser A, Villunger A, Herold MJ. The BCL-2 pro-survival protein A1 is dispensable for T cell homeostasis on viral infection. Cell Death Differ 2017; 24:523-533. [PMID: 28085151 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2016.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Revised: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The physiological role of the pro-survival BCL-2 family member A1 has been debated for a long time. Strong mRNA induction in T cells on T cell receptor (TCR)-engagement suggested a major role of A1 in the survival of activated T cells. However, the investigation of the physiological roles of A1 was complicated by the quadruplication of the A1 gene locus in mice, making A1 gene targeting very difficult. Here, we used the recently generated A1-/- mouse model to examine the role of A1 in T cell immunity. We confirmed rapid and strong induction of A1 protein in response to TCR/CD3 stimulation in CD4+ as well as CD8+ T cells. Surprisingly, on infection with the acute influenza HKx31 or the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus docile strains mice lacking A1 did not show any impairment in the expansion, survival, or effector function of cytotoxic T cells. Furthermore, the ability of A1-/- mice to generate antigen-specific memory T cells or to provide adequate CD4-dependent help to B cells was not impaired. These results suggest functional redundancy of A1 with other pro-survival BCL-2 family members in the control of T cell-dependent immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selma Tuzlak
- Division of Developmental Immunology, BIOCENTER, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.,The Walter & Eliza Hall Institute for Medical Research, Parkville, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Robyn L Schenk
- The Walter & Eliza Hall Institute for Medical Research, Parkville, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, VIC 3050, Australia
| | - Ajithkumar Vasanthakumar
- The Walter & Eliza Hall Institute for Medical Research, Parkville, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, VIC 3050, Australia
| | - Simon P Preston
- The Walter & Eliza Hall Institute for Medical Research, Parkville, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, VIC 3050, Australia
| | - Manuel D Haschka
- Division of Developmental Immunology, BIOCENTER, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Dimitra Zotos
- The Walter & Eliza Hall Institute for Medical Research, Parkville, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, VIC 3050, Australia
| | - Axel Kallies
- The Walter & Eliza Hall Institute for Medical Research, Parkville, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, VIC 3050, Australia
| | - Andreas Strasser
- The Walter & Eliza Hall Institute for Medical Research, Parkville, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, VIC 3050, Australia
| | - Andreas Villunger
- Division of Developmental Immunology, BIOCENTER, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.,Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Marco J Herold
- The Walter & Eliza Hall Institute for Medical Research, Parkville, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, VIC 3050, Australia
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13
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Haque M, Song J, Fino K, Wang Y, Sandhu P, Song X, Norbury C, Ni B, Fang D, Salek-Ardakani S, Song J. C-Myc regulation by costimulatory signals modulates the generation of CD8+ memory T cells during viral infection. Open Biol 2016; 6:150208. [PMID: 26791245 PMCID: PMC4736826 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.150208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The signalling mechanisms of costimulation in the development of memory T cells remain to be clarified. Here, we show that the transcription factor c-Myc in CD8+ T cells is controlled by costimulatory molecules, which modulates the development of memory CD8+ T cells. C-Myc expression was dramatically reduced in Cd28−/− or Ox40−/− memory CD8+ T cells, and c-Myc over-expression substantially reversed the defects in the development of T-cell memory following viral infection. C-Myc regulated the expression of survivin, an inhibitor of apoptosis, which promoted the generation of virus-specific memory CD8+ T cells. Moreover, over-expression of survivin with bcl-xL, a downstream molecule of NF-κB and intracellular target of costimulation that controls survival, in Cd28−/− or Ox40−/− CD8+ T cells, reversed the defects in the generation of memory T cells in response to viral infection. These results identify c-Myc as a key controller of memory CD8+ T cells from costimulatory signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Haque
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Jianyong Song
- Institutes of Irradiation/Immunology, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Kristin Fino
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Youfei Wang
- Institutes of Irradiation/Immunology, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Praneet Sandhu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Xinmeng Song
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Christopher Norbury
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Bing Ni
- Institutes of Irradiation/Immunology, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Deyu Fang
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Shahram Salek-Ardakani
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Jianxun Song
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
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14
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Haque M, Song J, Fino K, Sandhu P, Wang Y, Ni B, Fang D, Song J. Melanoma Immunotherapy in Mice Using Genetically Engineered Pluripotent Stem Cells. Cell Transplant 2016; 25:811-27. [PMID: 26777320 DOI: 10.3727/096368916x690467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Adoptive cell transfer (ACT) of antigen (Ag)-specific CD8(+) cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) is a highly promising treatment for a variety of diseases. Naive or central memory T-cell-derived effector CTLs are optimal populations for ACT-based immunotherapy because these cells have a high proliferative potential, are less prone to apoptosis than terminally differentiated cells, and have the higher ability to respond to homeostatic cytokines. However, such ACT with T-cell persistence is often not feasible due to difficulties in obtaining sufficient cells from patients. Here we present that in vitro differentiated HSCs of engineered PSCs can develop in vivo into tumor Ag-specific naive CTLs, which efficiently suppress melanoma growth. Mouse-induced PSCs (iPSCs) were retrovirally transduced with a construct encoding chicken ovalbumin (OVA)-specific T-cell receptors (TCRs) and survival-related proteins (i.e., BCL-xL and survivin). The gene-transduced iPSCs were cultured on the delta-like ligand 1-expressing OP9 (OP9-DL1) murine stromal cells in the presence of murine recombinant cytokines (rFlt3L and rIL-7) for a week. These iPSC-derived cells were then intravenously adoptively transferred into recipient mice, followed by intraperitoneal injection with an agonist α-Notch 2 antibody and cytokines (rFlt3L and rIL-7). Two weeks later, naive OVA-specific CD8(+) T cells were observed in the mouse peripheral lymphatic system, which were responsive to OVA-specific stimulation. Moreover, the mice were resistant to the challenge of B16-OVA melanoma induction. These results indicate that genetically modified stem cells may be used for ACT-based immunotherapy or serve as potential vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Haque
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
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Aspeslagh S, Postel-Vinay S, Rusakiewicz S, Soria JC, Zitvogel L, Marabelle A. Rationale for anti-OX40 cancer immunotherapy. Eur J Cancer 2016; 52:50-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2015.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 08/22/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Bustamante Alvarez JG, González-Cao M, Karachaliou N, Santarpia M, Viteri S, Teixidó C, Rosell R. Advances in immunotherapy for treatment of lung cancer. Cancer Biol Med 2015; 12:209-22. [PMID: 26487966 PMCID: PMC4607819 DOI: 10.7497/j.issn.2095-3941.2015.0032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Different approaches for treating lung cancer have been developed over time, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy and targeted therapies against activating mutations. Lately, better understanding of the role of the immunological system in tumor control has opened multiple doors to implement different strategies to enhance immune response against cancer cells. It is known that tumor cells elude immune response by several mechanisms. The development of monoclonal antibodies against the checkpoint inhibitor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1), on T cells, has led to high activity in cancer patients with long lasting responses. Nivolumab, an anti PD-1 inhibitor, has been recently approved for the treatment of squamous cell lung cancer patients, given the survival advantage demonstrated in a phase III trial. Pembrolizumab, another anti PD-1 antibody, has received FDA breakthrough therapy designation for treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), supported by data from a phase I trial. Clinical trials with anti PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies in NSCLC have demonstrated very good tolerability and activity, with response rates around 20% and a median duration of response of 18 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean G Bustamante Alvarez
- 1 Albert Einstein Medical Center, Philadelphia 19141, USA ; 2 Translational Cancer Research Unit, Instituto Oncológico Dr Rosell, Quirón Dexeus University Hospital, Barcelona 08028, Spain ; 3 Medical Oncology Unit, Human Pathology Department, University of Messina, Messina 98100, Italy ; 4 Pangaea Biotech S.L, Barcelona 08028, Spain ; 5 Cancer Biology & Precision Medicine Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Germans Trias i Pujol Health Sciences Institute and Hospital, Campus Can Ruti, Badalona, Barcelona 08916, Spain ; 6 Fundación Molecular Oncology Research, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - María González-Cao
- 1 Albert Einstein Medical Center, Philadelphia 19141, USA ; 2 Translational Cancer Research Unit, Instituto Oncológico Dr Rosell, Quirón Dexeus University Hospital, Barcelona 08028, Spain ; 3 Medical Oncology Unit, Human Pathology Department, University of Messina, Messina 98100, Italy ; 4 Pangaea Biotech S.L, Barcelona 08028, Spain ; 5 Cancer Biology & Precision Medicine Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Germans Trias i Pujol Health Sciences Institute and Hospital, Campus Can Ruti, Badalona, Barcelona 08916, Spain ; 6 Fundación Molecular Oncology Research, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Niki Karachaliou
- 1 Albert Einstein Medical Center, Philadelphia 19141, USA ; 2 Translational Cancer Research Unit, Instituto Oncológico Dr Rosell, Quirón Dexeus University Hospital, Barcelona 08028, Spain ; 3 Medical Oncology Unit, Human Pathology Department, University of Messina, Messina 98100, Italy ; 4 Pangaea Biotech S.L, Barcelona 08028, Spain ; 5 Cancer Biology & Precision Medicine Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Germans Trias i Pujol Health Sciences Institute and Hospital, Campus Can Ruti, Badalona, Barcelona 08916, Spain ; 6 Fundación Molecular Oncology Research, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Mariacarmela Santarpia
- 1 Albert Einstein Medical Center, Philadelphia 19141, USA ; 2 Translational Cancer Research Unit, Instituto Oncológico Dr Rosell, Quirón Dexeus University Hospital, Barcelona 08028, Spain ; 3 Medical Oncology Unit, Human Pathology Department, University of Messina, Messina 98100, Italy ; 4 Pangaea Biotech S.L, Barcelona 08028, Spain ; 5 Cancer Biology & Precision Medicine Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Germans Trias i Pujol Health Sciences Institute and Hospital, Campus Can Ruti, Badalona, Barcelona 08916, Spain ; 6 Fundación Molecular Oncology Research, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Santiago Viteri
- 1 Albert Einstein Medical Center, Philadelphia 19141, USA ; 2 Translational Cancer Research Unit, Instituto Oncológico Dr Rosell, Quirón Dexeus University Hospital, Barcelona 08028, Spain ; 3 Medical Oncology Unit, Human Pathology Department, University of Messina, Messina 98100, Italy ; 4 Pangaea Biotech S.L, Barcelona 08028, Spain ; 5 Cancer Biology & Precision Medicine Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Germans Trias i Pujol Health Sciences Institute and Hospital, Campus Can Ruti, Badalona, Barcelona 08916, Spain ; 6 Fundación Molecular Oncology Research, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Cristina Teixidó
- 1 Albert Einstein Medical Center, Philadelphia 19141, USA ; 2 Translational Cancer Research Unit, Instituto Oncológico Dr Rosell, Quirón Dexeus University Hospital, Barcelona 08028, Spain ; 3 Medical Oncology Unit, Human Pathology Department, University of Messina, Messina 98100, Italy ; 4 Pangaea Biotech S.L, Barcelona 08028, Spain ; 5 Cancer Biology & Precision Medicine Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Germans Trias i Pujol Health Sciences Institute and Hospital, Campus Can Ruti, Badalona, Barcelona 08916, Spain ; 6 Fundación Molecular Oncology Research, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Rafael Rosell
- 1 Albert Einstein Medical Center, Philadelphia 19141, USA ; 2 Translational Cancer Research Unit, Instituto Oncológico Dr Rosell, Quirón Dexeus University Hospital, Barcelona 08028, Spain ; 3 Medical Oncology Unit, Human Pathology Department, University of Messina, Messina 98100, Italy ; 4 Pangaea Biotech S.L, Barcelona 08028, Spain ; 5 Cancer Biology & Precision Medicine Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Germans Trias i Pujol Health Sciences Institute and Hospital, Campus Can Ruti, Badalona, Barcelona 08916, Spain ; 6 Fundación Molecular Oncology Research, Barcelona 08028, Spain
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