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Benderradji H, Prasivoravong J, Marcelli F, Leroy C. Role of Anti-Müllerian Hormone in Male Reproduction and Sperm Motility. Semin Reprod Med 2024; 42:5-14. [PMID: 38914117 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1787687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is secreted by Sertoli cells and is responsible for the regression of Müllerian ducts in the male fetus as part of the sexual differentiation process. Serum AMH concentrations are at their lowest levels in the first days after birth but increase after the first week, likely reflecting active Sertoli cell proliferation. AMH rises rapidly in concentration in boys during the first month, reaching a peak level at ∼6 months of age, and it remains high during childhood, then they will slowly decline during puberty, falling to low levels in adulthood. Serum AMH measurement is used by pediatric endocrinologist as a specific marker of immature Sertoli cell number and function during childhood. After puberty, AMH is released especially by the apical pole of the Sertoli cells toward the lumen of the seminiferous tubules, resulting in higher levels in the seminal plasma than in the serum. Recently, AMH has received increasing attention in research on male fertility-related disorders. This article reviews and summarizes the potential contribution of serum AMH measurement in different male fertility-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamza Benderradji
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Metabolism, CHU Lille, Lille, France
- Inserm, CHU Lille, Unit 1172, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition (LilNCog), University of Lille, Lille, France
- Department of Andrology, Urology and Renal Transplantation, University of Lille, CHU Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
| | - Julie Prasivoravong
- Department of Andrology, Urology and Renal Transplantation, University of Lille, CHU Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
| | - François Marcelli
- Department of Andrology, Urology and Renal Transplantation, University of Lille, CHU Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
| | - Clara Leroy
- Department of Andrology, Urology and Renal Transplantation, University of Lille, CHU Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Reference Centre for Genital Development Abnormalities, University of Lille, CHU Lille, DevGen, Lille, France
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Hallberg I, Olsson H, Lau A, Wallander S, Snell A, Bergman D, Holst BS. Endocrine and dog factors associated with semen quality. Sci Rep 2024; 14:718. [PMID: 38184699 PMCID: PMC10771459 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51242-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Knowledge of factors associated with semen quality may help in investigations of the aetiology and pathophysiology. We investigated the correlation between biomarkers for testicular cell function (anti-müllerian hormone, AMH, Inhibin B, testosterone, free androgen-index (testosterone/sex-hormone binding globulin), insulin like peptide 3, INSL-3), alkaline phosphate (ALP), canine prostate-specific esterase (CPSE), and heterophilic antibodies with dog variables, semen quality, and fertility. Blood and semen were collected from 65 Bernese Mountain Dogs. We evaluated total sperm count, motility and morphological parameters. The semen quality ranged from poor to excellent, with an average total sperm count of 1.1 × 109 and 50% morphologically normal spermatozoa (MNS). Age and abnormal testicular consistency correlated with decreased motility and MNS. Higher ALP correlated with higher total sperm count. AMH could not be detected in seminal plasma. AMH in blood correlated with head defects and high AMH concentration correlated with a severe decline in several semen parameters. Testosterone was negatively and CPSE positively correlated with age. No correlations were found for INSL-3, inhibin B, or heterophilic antibodies. Our findings contribute to the understanding of factors associated with semen quality in dogs, particularly related to Sertoli cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ida Hallberg
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Reproduction, The Centre for Reproductive Biology in Uppsala, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Hannah Olsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Reproduction, The Centre for Reproductive Biology in Uppsala, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Angus Lau
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Reproduction, The Centre for Reproductive Biology in Uppsala, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Stina Wallander
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Reproduction, The Centre for Reproductive Biology in Uppsala, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anna Snell
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Reproduction, The Centre for Reproductive Biology in Uppsala, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Daniel Bergman
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Reproduction, The Centre for Reproductive Biology in Uppsala, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, 141 86, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bodil Ström Holst
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Reproduction, The Centre for Reproductive Biology in Uppsala, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
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Hadlow NC, Brown SJ, Lim EM, Prentice D, Pettigrew S, Cronin SL, Prescott SL, Silva D, Yeap BB. Anti-Müllerian hormone concentration is associated with central adiposity and reproductive hormones in expectant fathers. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2022; 97:634-642. [PMID: 35319116 PMCID: PMC9790283 DOI: 10.1111/cen.14725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The role of the anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) as an indicator of physical and reproductive health in men is unclear. We assessed the relationships between AMH and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone, and metabolic parameters, in a cohort of expectant fathers. DESIGN ORIGINS Project prospective cohort study. SETTING Community-dwelling men. PARTICIPANTS Partners of pregnant women attending antenatal appointments. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Serum AMH, FSH, LH, testosterone, and metabolic parameters. RESULTS In 485 expectant fathers, median age 33 years, median AMH was 40 pmol/L (quartiles 29, 56). AMH was inversely correlated with FSH, age, and body mass index (BMI) (correlation coefficients: -.32, -.24, and -.17 respectively). The age association was nonlinear, with peak AMH between 20 and 30 years, a decline thereafter, and somewhat steady levels after 45 years. The inverse association of AMH with FSH was log-linear and independent of age and BMI (β: -.07, SE: 0.01, p < .001). AMH was inversely correlated with waist circumference and directly associated with sex hormone-binding globulin. Testosterone was moderately correlated with AMH (correlation coefficient: .09, β: .011, SE: 0.004, p = .014): this association was mediated by an inverse relationship with BMI (mediated proportion 0.49, p < .001). CONCLUSIONS In reproductively active men, lower AMH is a biomarker for advancing age, and for poorer metabolic and reproductive health. The inverse association between AMH and FSH is independent of age and BMI, whereas the association of AMH and testosterone is mediated via BMI. The utility of AMH to predict reproductive and cardiometabolic outcomes in men warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narelle C. Hadlow
- Medical SchoolUniversity of Western AustraliaPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
- Biochemistry Department, Sonic HealthcareClinipath PathologyPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - Suzanne J. Brown
- Department of Endocrinology and DiabetesSir Charles Gairdner HospitalPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - Ee Mun Lim
- Medical SchoolUniversity of Western AustraliaPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
- Department of Endocrinology and DiabetesSir Charles Gairdner HospitalPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
- Biochemistry Department, PathWest Laboratory MedicineSir Charles Gairdner HospitalPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - David Prentice
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational SciencePerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - Simone Pettigrew
- George Institute for Global HealthUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Sophie L. Cronin
- Medical SchoolUniversity of Western AustraliaPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - Susan L. Prescott
- Medical SchoolUniversity of Western AustraliaPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
- The ORIGINS ProjectTelethon Kids InstitutePerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
- Department of ImmunologyPerth Children's HospitalPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - Desiree Silva
- Medical SchoolUniversity of Western AustraliaPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
- The ORIGINS ProjectTelethon Kids InstitutePerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
- Department of PaediatricsJoondalup Health CampusPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
- School of Medical and Health SciencesEdith Cowan UniversityPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - Bu B. Yeap
- Medical SchoolUniversity of Western AustraliaPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
- Department of Endocrinology and DiabetesFiona Stanley HospitalPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
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Verdiesen RMG, Onland-Moret NC, van Gils CH, van der Schouw YT. Circulating anti-Müllerian hormone levels and markers of subclinical cardiovascular disease in middle-aged and older men. Maturitas 2022; 163:38-45. [PMID: 35709631 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2022.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Recent research suggests that higher circulating anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels are associated with less frequent occurrence of (subclinical) cardiovascular disease (CVD) in women, but evidence in men is limited. OBJECTIVE We investigated whether circulating AMH levels are associated with measures of subclinical CVD in middle-aged and older men. DESIGN Prospective cohort study with a median follow-up time of 8.7 years. Serum AMH was measured at baseline. We assessed both cross-sectional and longitudinal associations using linear regression models adjusted for confounders. SETTING Dutch middle-aged and older men from the community. PARTICIPANTS 394 men (aged 40-80 years) with an available AMH measurement at baseline. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES At baseline (2001-2002): carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), pulse wave velocity (PWV), abdominal aortic diameter, and Framingham risk score (FRS) predictions. At follow-up (2010-2011): CIMT, mean carotid aortic plaque score, PWV, and FRS predictions. All outcomes were transformed using rank-based inverse normal transformation to meet the normality assumption. RESULTS Higher AMH levels were associated with lower CIMT at baseline (β = -0.04; 95%CI = 0.07, -0.01), but not with the other measures of subclinical CVD at baseline. Longitudinal analyses suggested that higher baseline AMH levels were associated with lower mean plaque scores at follow-up (β = -0.03, 95%CI = -0.07, 0.00), but not with the other follow-up outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that AMH is associated with current CIMT and future carotid aortic plaque burden in men, implying that circulating AMH levels are potentially associated with local atherosclerosis rather than with total aortic stiffness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renée M G Verdiesen
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - N Charlotte Onland-Moret
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Carla H van Gils
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Yvonne T van der Schouw
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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Anti-mullerian hormone attenuates insulin resistance and systemic inflammation in old obese C57BL/6 male mice. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2021; 20:1697-1704. [PMID: 34900820 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-021-00925-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Epidemiological studies show that Anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) is inversely correlated with age, obesity-related diseases, and all-cause mortality in men. To further investigate the role of AMH in aging and obesity, we studied the effect of AMH treatment on the inflammatory and metabolic parameters and weight in old male C57BL/6 mice. Method Thirty-six old male C57BL/6 mice (18 month-old) were either on the High-Fat Diet (HFD) or Normal Diet (ND). When obesity occurred in the HFD group, each group was divided into two subgroups; AMH-treated (ND+AMH and HFD+AMH) or controls (ND and HFD). The AMH subgroup received 15 ng/gbw of recombinant AMH injection every 48 h in four weeks. Then, serum AMH, CRP, fasting glucose, fasting insulin, and HOMA-IR were measured and analyzed. Results AMH injection decreased CRP level (HFD =622.86±25.73, HFD+AMH =543.2±24.99 ng/ml, p= 0.003), fasting insulin (HFD=1.50± 0.34, HFD+AMH =0.8±0.25 ng/ml, p=0.006) and HOMA-IR (HFD=12.76± 2.88, HFD+AMH =7.06±2.31, p=0.008) in the obese old mice comparison with control. In ND group, just CRP levels dropped following AMH injection (ND=451.24±20.61, ND+AMH= 326.8±23.76 ng/ml; p=0.001). Accelerated weight gain was observed in HFD+AMH compared with the HFD subgroup (p<0.05). Conclusions In conclusion, increasing the circulating level of AMH could subside the systemic inflammation through decreasing CRP levels regardless of diet type and enhance insulin sensitivity in old obese mice. It can also lead to higher weight gain, without inflammation, in old obese male mice who are on an HFD.
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Xu H, Zhang M, Zhang H, Alpadi K, Wang L, Li R, Qiao J. Clinical Applications of Serum Anti-Müllerian Hormone Measurements in Both Males and Females: An Update. Innovation (N Y) 2021; 2:100091. [PMID: 34557745 PMCID: PMC8454570 DOI: 10.1016/j.xinn.2021.100091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Infertility is one of the most common non-communicable diseases, affecting both men and women equally. Ovarian reserve, the number of primordial follicles in the ovaries is believed to be the most important determinants for female fertility. Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) secreted from granulosa cells of growing follicles is recognized as the most important biomarker for ovarian reserve. Ovarian reserve models have been developed using AMH and other hormonal indicators, thus childbearing plans and reproductive choices could be arranged by women. In assisted reproductive technology cycles, measurement of AMH helps to predict ovarian response and guide recombinant follicle-stimulating hormone dosing in women. Serum AMH level is increasingly being recognized as a potential surrogate marker for polycystic ovarian morphology, one of the criteria for diagnosis of polycystic ovarian syndrome. AMH is also secreted by Sertoli cells of testes in men, and AMH measurements in the prediction of surgical sperm recovery rate in men have also been investigated. AMH levels are significantly higher in boys than in girls before puberty. Therefore, serum levels of AMH in combination with testosterone is used for the differential diagnosis of disorders of sex development, anorchia, non-obstructive azoospermia, and persistent Müllerian duct syndrome. Recently, serum AMH measurements have also been used in fertility preservation programs in oncofertility, screening for granulosa cell tumors, and prediction of menopause applications. In this review, we will focus on clinical application of AMH in fertility assessments for healthy men and women, as well as for cancer patients. Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) plays a key role in models assessing ovarian reserve AMH is used for the differential diagnosis of disorders of sex development AMH provides a molecular marker for related fertility and infertility disorders An international standard will aid in the development of various AMH assays
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyu Xu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, P.R. China.,National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing 100191, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, P.R. China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Mengqian Zhang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, P.R. China.,National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing 100191, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, P.R. China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Hongxian Zhang
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | | | - Lina Wang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, P.R. China.,National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing 100191, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, P.R. China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Rong Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, P.R. China.,National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing 100191, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, P.R. China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Jie Qiao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, P.R. China.,National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing 100191, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, P.R. China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
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Pollock KE, O'Brien JK, Roth TL, Proudfoot J, Niederlander J, Micheas L, Robeck TR, Stoops MA. Anti-Müllerian hormone in managed African and Asian rhino species. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2020; 294:113487. [PMID: 32278883 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2020.113487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Serum collected across the lifespan of four managed rhino species: black (Diceros bicornis, n = 16), white (Ceratotherium simum simum, n = 19), greater one-horned (GOH, Rhinoceros unicornis, n = 11) and Sumatran (Dicerorhinus sumatrensis, n = 6) were validated and analyzed in an anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) enzyme- linked immunoassay. Concentrations of AMH were examined over time, between sexes and throughout different reproductive states which included n = 3 female white rhinos immunocontracepted with porcine zona pellucida (pZP). Across species, males produced higher AMH concentrations compared to females. Among males, AMH concentrations varied by species aside from comparable values secreted between black and white rhinos. The GOH and Sumatran rhino secreted the highest and lowest male AMH concentrations, respectively. However, within each species, AMH concentrations were similar across male age categories. Preliminary insight into male AMH changes from birth to sexual maturity suggest its potential as a marker for onset of testicular maturation. Female black, GOH and Sumatran rhinos secreted comparable AMH concentrations which were higher than those in white rhino. Within each species, inter-individual variation in AMH secretion occurred among females of similar age. While AMH secretion did not differ across the ages sampled for female white (4->26 yr) and GOH (4-26 yr) rhinos, black and Sumatran rhinos >26 and <4 yr, respectively secreted lower AMH compared to conspecific females 7-26 yr of age. Two idiopathic infertility cases corresponded to low (outside species range) AMH values. The establishment of normative AMH concentrations in managed African and Asian rhinos provides an additional metric beyond traditional sex steroids to assess gonadal function. Further work is needed to determine if AMH can predict fertility potential in rhinos.
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Affiliation(s)
- K E Pollock
- Center for Conservation and Research of Endangered Wildlife, Cincinnati Zoo & Botanical Garden, 3400 Vine Street, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA
| | - J K O'Brien
- SeaWorld and Busch Gardens Reproductive Research Center, SeaWorld Parks and Entertainment, 2595 Ingraham St, San Diego, CA 92109, USA
| | - T L Roth
- Center for Conservation and Research of Endangered Wildlife, Cincinnati Zoo & Botanical Garden, 3400 Vine Street, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA
| | - J Proudfoot
- Indianapolis Zoo, 1200 W Washington St, Indianapolis, IN 46222, USA
| | | | - L Micheas
- University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - T R Robeck
- SeaWorld and Busch Gardens Reproductive Research Center, SeaWorld Parks and Entertainment, 2595 Ingraham St, San Diego, CA 92109, USA
| | - M A Stoops
- Center for Conservation and Research of Endangered Wildlife, Cincinnati Zoo & Botanical Garden, 3400 Vine Street, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA.
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Xu HY, Zhang HX, Xiao Z, Qiao J, Li R. Regulation of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) in males and the associations of serum AMH with the disorders of male fertility. Asian J Androl 2020; 21:109-114. [PMID: 30381580 PMCID: PMC6413543 DOI: 10.4103/aja.aja_83_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is a functional marker of fetal Sertoli cells. The germ cell number in adults depends on the number of Sertoli cells produced during perinatal development. Recently, AMH has received increasing attention in research of disorders related to male fertility. This paper reviews and summarizes the articles on the regulation of AMH in males and the serum levels of AMH in male fertility-related disorders. We have determined that follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) promotes AMH transcription in the absence of androgen signaling. Testosterone inhibits the transcriptional activation of AMH. The undetectable levels of serum AMH and testosterone levels indicate a lack of functional testicular tissue, for example, that in patients with anorchia or severe Klinefelter syndrome suffering from impaired spermatogenesis. The normal serum testosterone level and undetectable AMH are highly suggestive of persistent Müllerian duct syndrome (PMDS), combined with clinical manifestations. The levels of both AMH and testosterone are always subnormal in patients with mixed disorders of sex development (DSD). Mixed DSD is an early-onset complete type of disorder with fetal hypogonadism resulting from the dysfunction of both Leydig and Sertoli cells. Serum AMH levels are varying in patients with male fertility-related disorders, including pubertal delay, severe congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, nonobstructive azoospermia, Klinefelter syndrome, varicocele, McCune-Albright syndrome, and male senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Yu Xu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China.,Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing 100191, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Hong-Xian Zhang
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhen Xiao
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Jie Qiao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China.,Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing 100191, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Rong Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China.,Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing 100191, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing 100191, China
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Sansone A, Isidori AM, Kliesch S, Schlatt S. Immunohistochemical characterization of the anti-Müllerian hormone receptor type 2 (AMHR-2) in human testes. Endocrine 2020; 68:215-221. [PMID: 32026338 PMCID: PMC7160062 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-020-02210-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE In males, AMH is secreted by immature Sertoli cells; following exposure to endogenous androgens, Sertoli cells undergo a process of maturation which ultimately inhibits AMH expression to undetectable levels in the serum. However, expression of AMH receptor (AMHR-2) has never been studied in human testes, and high intratubular concentrations of AMH have been reported in recent literature. We therefore assessed expression of AMHR-2 in several testicular tissue samples by immunohistochemistry (IHC). METHODS The IHC method was first validated on tissue samples from healthy human testis (n = 2) and from marmoset ovary (n = 1). The same method was then used for assessment on testicular histopathology specimens from patients with mixed atrophy (MA, n = 2), spermatogenetic arrest (SA, n = 2), Sertoli cell-only syndrome (SCO, n = 1), Klinefelter syndrome (KS, n = 1), and nonseminomatous germ cell tumors (NSGCT, n = 1). Tissue samples from two subjects at different pubertal stages (AndroProtect (AP), aged 5 and 14 years) with hematological malignancies were also retrieved. RESULTS In adult men, AMHR-2 was expressed on peritubular mesenchymal cells, with patterns closely mirroring α-smooth muscle actin expression. Similar patterns were preserved in almost all conditions; however, in nonseminomatous germ cell tumors the tissue architecture was lost, including AMHR-2 expression. More positive and diffuse staining was observed in tissue samples from prepubertal testes. CONCLUSIONS In specimens from both healthy and affected testes, AMHR-2 expression appears weaker in adult than in prepubertal tissue sections. The persistence of AMHR-2 expression seemingly hints at a possible effect of intratesticular AMH on the tubular walls.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sansone
- Centre of Reproductive Medicine and Andrology, University Hospital of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer Campus 1, 48149, Münster, Germany
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Food Science and Endocrinology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - A M Isidori
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Food Science and Endocrinology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - S Kliesch
- Centre of Reproductive Medicine and Andrology, University Hospital of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer Campus 1, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - S Schlatt
- Centre of Reproductive Medicine and Andrology, University Hospital of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer Campus 1, 48149, Münster, Germany.
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Qin C, Xia X, Fan Y, Jiang Y, Chen Y, Zhang N, Uslu B, Johnson J, Kallen AN. A novel, noncoding-RNA-mediated, post-transcriptional mechanism of anti-Mullerian hormone regulation by the H19/let-7 axis. Biol Reprod 2020; 100:101-111. [PMID: 30137224 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioy172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In reproductive age women, the pool of primordial follicles is continuously depleted through the process of cyclic recruitment. Anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) both inhibits the initial recruitment of primordial follicles into the growing pool and modulates the sensitivity of growing follicles to follicle stimulating hormone. Thus, AMH may be an important modulator of female infertility and ovarian reserve; however, the mechanisms regulating AMH remain unclear.To evaluate AMH levels in the absence of H19 lncRNA, H19 knockout (H19KO) mice were evaluated for analysis of ovarian AMH gene expression, protein production, and reproductive function, including assessment of follicle numbers and litter size analysis. To further investigate regulation of AMH by the H19/let-7 axis, let-7 binding sites on AMH were predicted, and in vitro studies of the effect of H19 knockdown/overexpression with let-7 rescue were performed. Lastly, response to superovulation was assessed via oocyte counts and estradiol measurements.The H19KO mouse demonstrates subfertility and accelerated follicular recruitment with increased spontaneous development of secondary, preantral, and antral follicles. Ovaries of H19KO mice have decreased AMH mRNA and protein, and AMH mRNA has a functional let-7 binding site, suggesting a plausible ncRNA-mediated mechanism for AMH regulation by H19/let-7. Lastly, in the absence of H19, superovulation results in higher estradiol and more oocytes, suggesting that H19 functions to limit the number of follicles that mature, produce estradiol, and ovulate. Thus, AMH's inhibitory actions are regulated at least in part by H19, likely via let-7, marking this ncRNA pair as important regulators of the establishment and maintenance of the follicular pool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunrong Qin
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Shenzhen City Maternity and Child Healthcare, Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xi Xia
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, P.R. China
| | - Yanhong Fan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Third Hospital of Beijing University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Ying Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, PR China
| | - Na Zhang
- Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Bahar Uslu
- Quinnipiac University, Frank H. Netter School of Medicine, North Haven, CT
| | - Joshua Johnson
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado Denver (AMC), Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Amanda N Kallen
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics, Yale School of Medicine, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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11
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Association of Anti-Mullerian Hormone with C-Reactive Protein in Men. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13081. [PMID: 31511566 PMCID: PMC6739398 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49596-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractWhile serum anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) levels are inversely associated with all-cause mortality in men, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Elevated levels of inflammation, also associated with all-cause mortality, and may be the link between AMH and mortality. Hence, we examined the association of AMH with serum c-reactive protein (CRP), a biomarker of inflammation, in men. We included men ≥20 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999–2004). We used survey weight-adjusted linear regression to examine the association between AMH and CRP without and with adjustment for age, race, body mass index (BMI), smoking, hypertension, diabetes, cholesterol, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), testosterone, androstenedione, and sex hormone binding globulin. Of the 949 men, 212 (22%) were elderly, 493 (52%) Caucasian, 254 (27%) current smokers, 100 (10%) diabetics, and 312 (33%) had hypertension. Mean (SD) AMH was 8.4 (7.2) ng/mL and median (IQR) CRP level was 0.17 (3) mg/L. Using linear regression, each 10 ng/mL rise in AMH was associated with 0.09 mg/dL (95%CI = −0.14 to −0.03; p = 0.002) decrease before and 0.08 mg/dL (95%CI = −0.13 to −0.02; p = 0.004) decrease in CRP after adjusting for potential confounders. Similarly, men in the highest quartile of AMH had significantly lower CRP compared to those in the lowest quartile (unadjusted difference = −0.19 mg/dL; 95%CI = −0.31 to −0.06; p = 0.006, adjusted difference = −0.16 mg/dL; 95%CI = −0.3 to −0.01; p = 0.035). We found an independent, robust, and inverse association between CRP and AMH in men. Effect of AMH on mortality may be through amelioration of inflammation.
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Beydoun HA, Hossain S, Beydoun MA, Weiss J, Zonderman AB, Eid SM. Anti-Müllerian Hormone Levels and Cardiometabolic Disturbances by Weight Status Among Men in the 1999 to 2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. J Endocr Soc 2019; 3:921-936. [PMID: 31020056 PMCID: PMC6469951 DOI: 10.1210/js.2018-00414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Context Serum anti-Müllerian hormone level (AMH) and body mass index may be jointly associated with cardiometabolic risk. Objectives Examine the contribution of AMH to cardiometabolic disturbances by weight status among US adult men. Design Cross-sectional analysis using data from the 1999 to 2004 waves of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Setting Multistage probability sampling of the noninstitutionalized US population. Participants US men aged ≥18 years. Final analytic sample sizes ranged from 517 to 1063 participants. Main Outcome and Exposure Measures Cardiometabolic disturbances (metabolic syndrome and its components, insulin resistance, diabetes, and chronic inflammation) and AMH were obtained from trained staff and nurses in a mobile examination center or during in-home visits. Results AMH was directly associated with insulin resistance among obese men [OR 1.08 (95% CI 1.00, 1.15); P = 0.046; N = 146], whereas AMH was inversely associated with waist circumference (WC) among obese men [OR 0.95 (95% CI 0.91, 0.99); P = 0.049; N = 146]. An inverse relationship was also observed between categorical AMH and diabetes status [medium vs low AMH; OR 0.19 (95% CI 0.043, 0.84); P = 0.030; N = 145] among obese men, with a strong inverse relationship also detected among overweight men [high vs low AMH; OR 0.011 (95% CI 0.0004, 0.27); P = 0.007; N = 193]. An inverse relationship between continuous AMH and diabetes [OR 0.75 (95% CI: 0.59, 0.93); P = 0.011; N = 193] was also detected among overweight men. Conclusions AMH was associated with specific cardiometabolic risk factors, including WC, diabetes status, and insulin resistance, in overweight and obese US men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hind A Beydoun
- Department of Research Programs, Fort Belvoir Community Hospital, Fort Belvoir, Virginia
| | - Sharmin Hossain
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - May A Beydoun
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jordan Weiss
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Alan B Zonderman
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Shaker M Eid
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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13
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Sansone A, Kliesch S, Isidori AM, Schlatt S. AMH and INSL3 in testicular and extragonadal pathophysiology: what do we know? Andrology 2019; 7:131-138. [DOI: 10.1111/andr.12597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Sansone
- Center of Reproductive Medicine and Andrology Department of Clinical and Surgical Andrology Institute of Reproductive and Regenerative Biology Münster Germany
- Department of Experimental Medicine Section of Medical Pathophysiology Food Science and Endocrinology – Sapienza University of Rome Rome Italy
| | - S. Kliesch
- Center of Reproductive Medicine and Andrology Department of Clinical and Surgical Andrology Institute of Reproductive and Regenerative Biology Münster Germany
| | - A. M. Isidori
- Department of Experimental Medicine Section of Medical Pathophysiology Food Science and Endocrinology – Sapienza University of Rome Rome Italy
| | - S. Schlatt
- Center of Reproductive Medicine and Andrology Department of Clinical and Surgical Andrology Institute of Reproductive and Regenerative Biology Münster Germany
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Castillo-Martínez D, Rivera V, Mouneu-Ornelas N, Martínez-Martínez LA, Jiménez-Rojas V, Márquez-Velasco R, Amezcua-Guerra LM. Levels of anti-Müllerian hormone in premenopausal women with the antiphospholipid syndrome and its association with the risk of clinical complications. Lupus 2019; 28:427-431. [DOI: 10.1177/0961203319828507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Objective The study aims to investigate the ovarian reserve in premenopausal women with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) and to evaluate whether it is associated with cumulative organ damage or the risk of clinical complications. Methods This single-center study was conducted in 23 premenopausal female patients (10 with primary APS and 13 with secondary APS) and 24 healthy volunteers. Serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunoassay. Disease-specific organ damage (DIAPS score) and the risk of clinical complications (aGAPSS score) were additionally evaluated in APS patients. Results Serum AMH levels were similar in APS patients (median 6.06, interquartile range 4.31–7.54 ng/ml) and in controls (4.87, 2.64–6.40 ng/ml; P = 0.116), and no differences were observed between the primary (6.60, 5.49–8.88 ng/ml) and secondary (6.06, 3.91–7.30 ng/ml; P = 0.532) forms of the syndrome. In individuals with APS, serum AMH levels correlated inversely with the aGAPSS score (rho–0.421, 95% confidence intervals −0.716 to −0.001; P = 0.045), while no associations were observed with the DIAPS score (rho–0.001, −0.423 to 0.422; P = 0.996). Conclusions Ovarian reserve is not reduced in premenopausal women with APS. In addition, serum AMH levels may reflect the risk of APS-related clinical complications but not the burden of disease-specific organ damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Castillo-Martínez
- Outpatient Dermatology Clinic, Hospital General de Zona 32, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - V Rivera
- Department of Rheumatology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - N Mouneu-Ornelas
- Department of Rheumatology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - L A Martínez-Martínez
- Department of Rheumatology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - V Jiménez-Rojas
- Department of Immunology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - R Márquez-Velasco
- Department of Immunology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - LM Amezcua-Guerra
- Department of Immunology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico
- Unidad de Investigación Traslacional UNAM/INC, Mexico City, Mexico
- Department of Health Care, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco, Mexico City, Mexico
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15
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Premature ovarian aging in BRCA carriers: a prototype of systemic precocious aging? Oncotarget 2018; 9:15931-15941. [PMID: 29662617 PMCID: PMC5882308 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Though former evidence implies a correlation of breast cancer susceptibility gene (BRCA) mutation with reduced ovarian reserve, the data is yet inconsistent. Our aim was to investigate biomarkers of ovarian aging in a cohort of young healthy carriers of the BRCA mutation. We hypothesized that the role played by BRCA genes in aging pathways is not exclusive to the ovary. Experimental Design Healthy female BRCA carriers, 40 years or younger and healthy male BRCA carriers, 50 years or younger, were enrolled in the study. Serum anti-mullerian Hormone (AMH), fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23), Klotho and IL-1 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Ovarian AMH and protein kinase B (AKT) mRNA from BRCA carriers who underwent prophylactic oophorectomy and from age-matched, healthy, non-carriers who underwent partial oophorectomy due to benign conditions were analyzed by qPCR. Results Thirty-three female (median age 35y) and 20 male (44y) BRCA carriers were enrolled into the study and matched to control non-carriers (34y and 43y, respectively). Serum AMH level was significantly lower in BRCA female carriers than in both non-carrier controls and age-matched nomograms. The levels of ovarian AMH and AKT mRNA were significantly lower in carriers than in controls. The systemic aging cytokines FGF-23, klotho and IL-1 displayed a differential expression in carriers of both genders. FGF-23 level was higher in carriers (P=0.06). Conclusions Our results suggest a link between BRCA mutation, accelerated ovarian aging and systemic aging-related pathophysiology.
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Li N, Li Y, Meng H, Sun H, Wu D. Associations between Urinary Phthalate Metabolites and Serum Anti-Müller Hormone Levels in U.S. Men Based on National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003-2004. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:ijerph14121513. [PMID: 29206197 PMCID: PMC5750931 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14121513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Anti-Müller hormone (AMH) plays an important role in reproductive development and has a wide potential clinical application value. Phthalates have been widely found in human living environment and have negative effects on human reproduction. This study aimed to explore the relationship between urinary phthalate metabolites and serum AMH level in the general male population. Cross-sectional analyses were performed with a population of 489 men aged more than 12 years who participated in National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-2004 by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the United States. NHANES public data (demographic and socioeconomic information, examinations, and laboratory tests) were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis test, Wilcoxon test and multivariable regression. Results showed that the urine concentration of mono (3-carboxypropyl) phthalate (MCPP) of 12-20 age group was significantly positively correlated with serum AMH concentration in the model without any covariates (p < 0.05). In the 60-year-old group, the monomethyl phthalate (MEP), mono (2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl) phthalate (MECPP) concentrations were significantly correlated with serum AMH concentrations in models both with and without covariates (all p < 0.05). It could be concluded that exposure to phthalates might have negative effects on AMH level, especially in seniors. AMH could be used as a marker of exposure to phthalates in aged males. How exposure to phthalates affected AMH level and what the potential long-term health consequences of their relationship are needs more investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningning Li
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
| | - Yaqi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
| | - Hao Meng
- School of Geography and Oceanography Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Hanqing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
| | - Di Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China.
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Pergialiotis V, Koutaki D, Christopoulos-Timogiannakis E, Kotrogianni P, Perrea DN, Daskalakis G. Anti-Müllerian Hormone Levels in Preeclampsia: A Systematic Review of the Literature. J Family Reprod Health 2017; 11:179-184. [PMID: 30288163 PMCID: PMC6168752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Serum Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. Its prognostic value in determining the risk of developing preeclampsia remains, to date, unclear. The purpose of the present systematic review is to accumulate current evidence in this field. Materials and methods: We searched Medline (1966-2017), Scopus (2004-2017), Clinicaltrials.gov (2008-2017), EMBASE (1980-2017), LILACS (1986-2017) and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials CENTRAL (1999-2017) databases. Results: Four studies were included in with a total number of 401 women. Among them 146 had preeclampsia while 232 were recruited as normotensive controls. Current data are suggestive of the potential predictive value of serum AMH as its levels seem to be lower among women that develop preeclampsia. One study reported that women with and AMH value below the 10th percentile of the studied population had a 3.3 increased risk of developing preeclampsia (OR 3.3, 95% CI 1.2-8.7, p = 0.01). Conclusion: Taking in mind these findings, future studies are needed in this field to establish optimal cut-off values and evaluate the specificity and sensitivity of this biomarker during the first trimester of pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasilios Pergialiotis
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Diamanto Koutaki
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Paraskevi Kotrogianni
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Despina N. Perrea
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgios Daskalakis
- Department of Obstetrics &Gynecology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Alexandra Hospital, Athens, Greece
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Serum variations of anti-mullerian hormone and total testosterone with aging in healthy adult Iranian men: A population-based study. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0179634. [PMID: 28715487 PMCID: PMC5513413 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0179634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Literature proves anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) and total testosterone (TT) as two important reproductive hormones in male development, however evidence regarding age variations of these hormones is lacking. Aims To estimate the normal serum AMH values and to assess the age-specific TT levels in men aged 30–70, we conducted the present population-based study. Methods A total of 831 healthy eligible men, aged 30–70 years, were recruited from Tehran Lipid and Glucose study cohort. Centiles for AMH were estimated according to the exponential normal 3-parameter model. The parametric method of Royston available in general software was applied for the first time to estimate the age-specific AMH and TT percentiles of 5th, 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 90th and 95th. Results Mean AMH level was 6.93, ranging from 0.1 to 40.1 ng/ml. Serum AMH concentrations followed a steady reduction with increasing age. Mean TT level was 4.8, ranging from 0.44 to 11.4 ng/ml. Discussion A measurable serum concentrations of AMH in healthy males throughout lifespan with variations, based on age, confirming a slight age-related AMH decline. Fractional polynomial (FP) regression models revealed that the mean and standard deviation (SD) of the TT were not associated with age, so the percentiles estimated were not age-specific. Conclusion We presented a nomogram of age-specific AMH values in a healthy cohort of Iranian men. This finding might have clinical importance in dealing hormonal disorders in men.
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Kawagishi Y, Pankhurst MW, Nakatani Y, McLennan IS. Anti-Müllerian hormone signaling is influenced by Follistatin 288, but not 14 other transforming growth factor beta superfamily regulators. Mol Reprod Dev 2017; 84:626-637. [PMID: 28500669 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.22828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The hypothesis that, in contrast to other transforming growth factor-beta (TGFβ) superfamily ligands, the dose-response curve of Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is unmodulated was tested by examining whether known TGFB superfamily modulators affect AMH signaling, using a P19/BRE luciferase reporter assay. AMHC and AMHN,C activated the reporter with an EC50 of approximately 0.5 nM. Follistatins (FS) produced concentration-dependent increases in AMHC - and AMHN,C -initiated reporter activity, with FS288 being more potent than FS315; however, the maximum bioactivity of AMH was not altered by either follistatin. Thirteen other TGFβ regulators (Chordin, Chordin-like 1, Chordin-like 2, Differential screening-selected gene aberrative in neuroblastoma [DAN], Decorin, Endoglin, Follistatin-like 1, Follistatin-like 3, Follistatin-like 4, Noggin, α2 macroglobulin, TGFβ receptor 3, Von Willebrand factor C domain-containing 2) had little or no effect. Surface plasmon resonance analysis showed no significant association between FS288 and AMHC , suggesting that FS288 indirectly regulates AMH signaling. Activin A, a direct target of FS288, did not itself induce reporter activity in P19 cells, but did prevent the FS288-induced increase in AMH signaling. Hence, local concentrations of FS288 and Activin A may influence the response of some cell types to AMH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yui Kawagishi
- Department of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Michael W Pankhurst
- Department of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Yoshio Nakatani
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Ian S McLennan
- Department of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Chong YH, Pankhurst MW, McLennan IS. The Testicular Hormones AMH, InhB, INSL3, and Testosterone Can Be Independently Deficient in Older Men. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2017; 72:548-553. [PMID: 27470300 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glw143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Late-onset hypogonadism is symptomatically diverse and not fully explained by circulating testosterone level. The adult testes secrete four distinct hormones (testosterone, AMH, INSL3, and InhB) into the circulation. Testosterone and InhB have proven dynamic regulation, with limited information available for AMH and INSL3. During aging, there is cellular senescence, which may underlie the diversity of hypogonadism. This leads to the postulate that the relative levels (profile) of the four testicular hormones in older men are variable and cannot be evaluated by the measurement of one hormone. Methods 111 men aged 19-50 years and 98 men aged 70-90 years were examined. The circulating levels of the testicular hormones were measured using ELISAs, and the variation in the levels of hormones was analyzed by various correlative analyses. Results All four hormones were largely or totally independent. Some men were deficient in multiple hormones, but no man had multiple elevated hormones. The average hormonal levels were lower in older men, with diverse profiles of the four testicular hormones. Hence, some men had one or more hormones below the reference range, with testosterone the most conserved. Consequently, testosterone levels were not indicative of the complete state of the endocrine testes. Conclusions The four hormones vary independently of each other, in younger and older men. This indicates that they are regulated dynamically rather than influenced by endocrine cell number. Older men exhibited diverse profiles of low levels of testicular hormones, suggesting that the testes age differently between men. Testosterone alone inadequately describes gonadal states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yih Harng Chong
- Department of Anatomy, Otago School of Medical Sciences, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Department of Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, New Zealand
| | - Michael W Pankhurst
- Department of Anatomy, Otago School of Medical Sciences, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Ian S McLennan
- Department of Anatomy, Otago School of Medical Sciences, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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21
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Qayyum R, Akbar S. Serum anti-mullerian hormone and all-cause mortality in men. Endocrine 2016; 54:225-231. [PMID: 27503320 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-016-1071-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Several studies have examined an association of anti-mullerian hormone to various risk factors for mortality, however, to the best of our knowledge, no study has reported a direct relationship between anti-mullerian hormone and all-cause mortality. Therefore, we examined the relationship between baseline anti-mullerian hormone levels and subsequent all-cause mortality in men during median follow-up of 9.4 (range = 0-13) years. We used the continuous National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys from 1999-2004 combined with National Death Index for vital status information through December 2011. Cox proportional hazard models were fit to estimate hazard ratios for all-cause mortality. Models were adjusted for age, ethnic background, body mass index, hypertension, diabetes, smoking status, c-reactive protein, total cholesterol, estimated glomerular filtration rate, serum estradiol, testosterone, sex hormone binding globulin, and androstenedione. Of the 989 men, 30 % were older than 65 years, 51 % were Caucasians, 33 % had hypertension, 27 % were active smokers, and 11 % had diabetes. Mean serum anti-mullerian hormone level of the population was 7.2 (6.3) ng/mL. During the 8943 person-years of follow-up, 164 (17 %) men died. In unadjusted analysis, each unit increase in serum anti-mullerian hormone level was associated with a 13 % lower risk of death (HR = 0.87; 95 %CI = 0.83-0.92). In multivariable models, the inverse association between serum anti-mullerian hormone levels and mortality remained significant (HR = 0.94; 95 %CI = 0.90-0.98) and was independent of confounding variables. Similarly, individuals in the highest quartile had significantly lower risk of death as compared to individuals in the lowest quartile (unadjusted HR = 0.13, 95 %CI = 0.07-0.25; adjusted HR = 0.36, 95 %CI = 0.16-0.81). We found an independent and inverse association between serum anti-mullerian hormone levels and all-cause mortality in men. The mechanism underlying this association is unknown. Further studies are needed to validate our findings in men and to examine this association in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rehan Qayyum
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Tennessee College of Medicine at Chattanooga, Chattanooga, TN, USA.
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Sana Akbar
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Tennessee College of Medicine at Chattanooga, Chattanooga, TN, USA
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Pankhurst MW, Chong YH, McLennan IS. Relative levels of the proprotein and cleavage-activated form of circulating human anti-Müllerian hormone are sexually dimorphic and variable during the life cycle. Physiol Rep 2016; 4:4/9/e12783. [PMID: 27147497 PMCID: PMC4873634 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.12783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti‐Müllerian hormone (AMH) is a gonadal hormone, which induces aspects of the male phenotype, and influences ovarian follicular recruitment. AMH is synthesized as a proprotein (proAMH), which is incompletely cleaved to the receptor‐competent AMHN,C. AMH ELISAs have not distinguished between proAMH and AMHN,C; consequently, the physiological ranges of circulating proAMH and AMHN,C are unknown. A novel proAMH ELISA has been used to assay serum proAMH in humans. Total AMH was also measured, enabling the AMHN,C concentration to be calculated. Stored serum from 131 boys, 80 younger, and 106 older men were examined, with serum from 14 girls and 18 women included for comparison. The mean levels of proAMH and AMHN,C in pM were respectively: boys (253, 526), men (7.7, 36), elderly men (5.7, 19), girls (3.3, 15), and women (5.2, 27) (boys vs. men, P < 0.001; girls vs. women, P = 0.032). The proportion of proAMH as a percentage of total AMH (API) was approximately twofold higher in boys than men (P < 0.001) with little overlap between the ranges, with girls also exhibiting lesser cleavage of their AMH than women (P < 0.001). The API varied within each population group. In young men, the API did not correlate with circulating levels of the other testicular hormones (testosterone, InhB, and INSL3). In conclusion, the cleavage of circulating AMH varies extensively within the human population, with most individuals having significant levels of proAMH. The physiological and clinical relevance of circulating proAMH needs to be established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael W Pankhurst
- Department of Anatomy, Otago School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Yih Harng Chong
- Department of Anatomy, Otago School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand Department of Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Ian S McLennan
- Department of Anatomy, Otago School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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McLennan IS, Pankhurst MW. Anti-Müllerian hormone is a gonadal cytokine with two circulating forms and cryptic actions. J Endocrinol 2015; 226:R45-57. [PMID: 26163524 DOI: 10.1530/joe-15-0206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is a multi-faceted gonadal cytokine. It is present in all vertebrates with its original function in phylogeny being as a regulator of germ cells in both sexes, and as a prime inducer of the male phenotype. Its ancient functions appear to be broadly conserved in mammals, but with this being obscured by its overt role in triggering the regression of the Müllerian ducts in male embryos. Sertoli and ovarian follicular cells primarily release AMH as a prohormone (proAMH), which forms a stable complex (AMHN,C) after cleavage by subtilisin/kexin-type proprotein convertases or serine proteinases. Circulating AMH is a mixture of proAMH and AMHN,C, suggesting that proAMH is activated within the gonads and putatively by its endocrine target-cells. The gonadal expression of the cleavage enzymes is subject to complex regulation, and the preliminary data suggest that this influences the relative proportions of proAMH and AMHN,C in the circulation. AMH shares an intracellular pathway with the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) and growth differentiation factor (GDF) ligands. AMH is male specific during the initial stage of development, and theoretically should produce male biases throughout the body by adding a male-specific amplification of BMP/GDF signalling. Consistent with this, some of the male biases in neuron number and the non-sexual behaviours of mice are dependent on AMH. After puberty, circulating levels of AMH are similar in men and women. Putatively, the function of AMH in adulthood maybe to add a gonadal influence to BMP/GDF-regulated homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian S McLennan
- Department of AnatomyUniversity of Otago, PO Box 913, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Michael W Pankhurst
- Department of AnatomyUniversity of Otago, PO Box 913, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
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Holst BS, Dreimanis U. Anti-Müllerian hormone: a potentially useful biomarker for the diagnosis of canine Sertoli cell tumours. BMC Vet Res 2015. [PMID: 26209243 PMCID: PMC4514937 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-015-0487-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Testicular tumours are common in dogs and in many cases do not give rise to clinical signs. In other cases, signs of feminization, hyperpigmentation or alopecia may be observed, most commonly associated with Sertoli cell tumours (SCT). Although these signs are often associated with elevated concentrations of oestradiol, analysis of oestradiol may give inconclusive results due to large variations among individuals. Other biomarkers are therefore needed. Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is expressed by the Sertoli cell. In humans, AMH has been shown to be a specific marker of Sertoli cell origin in gonadal tumours. Using immunohistochemistry, AMH has been shown to be a useful marker of immature and neoplastic Sertoli cells in dogs. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinical relevance of AMH analysis in peripheral blood in the diagnostic workup of dogs with suspected testicular tumours. Results Blood was collected from 20 dogs with a palpable testicular mass and from 27 healthy controls. Serum was analysed for oestradiol-17β using a RIA and for AMH using an ELISA. The Mann–Whitney U test was used to compare hormone concentrations between different groups. All control dogs had AMH concentrations ≤ 10 ng/mL, except one outlier that had a concentration of 43 ng/mL. Six dogs with SCT or mixed tumours containing SCT had AMH concentrations higher than 22 ng/mL, significantly higher than AMH concentrations in control dogs (P = 0.0004). Concentrations between 10 and 22 ng/mL were found in about half of the dogs with non-neoplastic testicular pathologies or with testicular tumours other than SCTs. Age did not significantly affect concentrations of AMH in the control dogs. Conclusion AMH was shown to be a promising biomarker for the diagnosis of Sertoli cell tumours in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bodil S Holst
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), PO Box 7054, SE- 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden. .,Centre for Reproductive Biology in Uppsala, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), PO Box 7054, SE-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Ulrika Dreimanis
- Department of Small Animals, Helsingborg Referral Animal Hospital, SE-254 66, Helsingborg, Sweden.
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Chong YH, Pankhurst MW, McLennan IS. The Daily Profiles of Circulating AMH and INSL3 in Men are Distinct from the Other Testicular Hormones, Inhibin B and Testosterone. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0133637. [PMID: 26192622 PMCID: PMC4507845 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0133637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The testes secrete four hormones (anti-Müllerian hormone, insulin-like peptide 3, Inhibin B and testosterone) from two endocrine cell types. It is unknown whether anti-Müllerian hormone and insulin-like peptide 3 levels have a diurnal variation, and if so, whether they covary during the day with testosterone and InhB. Sera were obtained from 13 men at 00:00, 06:00, 09:00, 12:00, 14:00, 17:00 and 19:00 hours and the levels of their testicular hormones measured by ELISA. A second cohort of 20 men was similarly examined with blood drawn at 19:00 and the following 06:00. Anti-Müllerian hormone levels exhibited a subtle diurnal pattern with a 19:00 peak that was 4.9% higher on average than the 06:00 nadir (p = 0.004). The decrease in anti-Müllerian hormone coincided with a rise in testosterone and InhB, but there was no association between the person-to-person variation in the diurnal patterns of anti-Müllerian hormone and testosterone or Inhibin B. Insulin-like peptide 3 had no diurnal pattern, with only minor sporadic variation between time points being observed in some men. In conclusion, the diurnal and sporadic variation of each testicular hormone is distinct, indicating that the major regulation is at the level of the hormone rather than at the endocrine cell type. Consequently, the balance of the hormones being released by the testes has complex variation during the day. The physiological significance of this will vary depending on which combinations of testicular hormones that the target cells respond to.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yih Harng Chong
- Department of Anatomy, Otago School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- Department of Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Michael W. Pankhurst
- Department of Anatomy, Otago School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Ian S. McLennan
- Department of Anatomy, Otago School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- * E-mail:
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Sklavos MM, Zhou CK, Pinto LA, Cook MB. Prediagnostic circulating anti-Müllerian hormone concentrations are not associated with prostate cancer risk. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2014; 23:2597-602. [PMID: 25159294 PMCID: PMC4221416 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-14-0803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite considerable research, the pathogenesis of prostate cancer remains poorly understood. Meanwhile, PSA testing has shifted prostate cancer case populations for study to include a greater proportion of asymptomatic and indolent disease. Thus, efforts to identify prostate cancer biomarkers-particularly for aggressive disease-are required to elucidate pathogenesis and aid screening efficacy. Current evidence suggests that decreased circulating concentrations of the testis-derived, TGFβ family peptide hormone-anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH)-may be associated with prostate cancer pathogenesis. To test this hypothesis, we measured AMH concentrations in prediagnostic (cohort baseline) sera using the Beckman Coulter AMH Gen II ELISA in 1,000 cases and 1,000 controls nested within the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial. Controls were frequency matched to cases on age at entry, enrollment year, and years of follow-up. Unconditional logistic regression models, adjusted for age at randomization, were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). We found that prediagnostic serologic AMH concentrations were not significantly associated with total (ORQ4 vs. Q1 = 1.15; 95% CI, 0.89-1.48; Ptrend = 0.13), aggressive (ORQ4 vs. Q1 = 1.14; 95% CI, 0.80-1.63; Ptrend = 0.51), or nonaggressive (ORQ4 vs. Q1 = 1.22; 95% CI, 0.91-1.63; Ptrend = 0.07) prostate cancer risks. Different definitions of aggressive disease did not meaningfully alter these results. Despite in vitro studies linking AMH to prostate cancer, this first analysis of prediagnostic, circulating AMH concentrations in men provides no evidence for an association with prostate cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha M Sklavos
- Human Papillomavirus Immunology Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Incorporated, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Cindy Ke Zhou
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Ligia A Pinto
- Human Papillomavirus Immunology Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Incorporated, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Michael B Cook
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland.
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Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay measurements of antimüllerian hormone (AMH) in human blood are a composite of the uncleaved and bioactive cleaved forms of AMH. Fertil Steril 2014; 101:846-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2013] [Revised: 11/27/2013] [Accepted: 12/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Dennis NA, Jones GT, Chong YH, van Rij AM, McLennan IS. Serum anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) levels correlate with infrarenal aortic diameter in healthy older men: is AMH a cardiovascular hormone? J Endocrinol 2013; 219:13-20. [PMID: 23847299 DOI: 10.1530/joe-13-0125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is a gonadal hormone present in the blood in men and pre-menopausal women. AMH regulates male sexual differentiation but has no putative function in adulthood. In recent studies, high AMH levels are associated with absence of cardiovascular disease in men and smaller atherosclerotic burden in monkeys. Mechanistically, AMH has downstream convergence with known regulators of the cardiovascular system, while the specific receptor for AMH is present in murine aorta and the human heart. Our primary objective was to examine whether AMH levels in healthy men correlated with the physical characteristics of their aorta. Our secondary aim was to document whether men with distinct vascular disorders expressed different levels of AMH. Serum AMH assayed by ELISA in 153 men (54-93 years) free from vascular disease inversely correlated with the ultrasonographic diameters of the distal- (r=-0.22, P=0.006) and mid-infrarenal aorta (r=-0.26, P=0.008). This association was similar in magnitude but opposite to that of body surface area (largest known determinant of aortic diameter) and independent of known cardiovascular risk factors. This relationship is specific to AMH, as inhibin B, a Sertoli cell hormone-like AMH, did not correlate with aortic diameter (r=-0.04, P=0.66) despite partially correlating with AMH. Among men with known vascular disease, higher AMH levels were associated with varicose vein disease, while men with higher levels of AMH were under-represented in the abdominal aortic aneurysm relative to the healthy cohort. These findings identify AMH as a novel putative regulator of the cardiovascular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola A Dennis
- Department of Anatomy, Otago School of Medical Sciences, Brain Health Research Centre Department of Surgery, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Lindo Ferguson Building, Great King Street, PO Box 913, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
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