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Zhang YX, Zhu YM, Yang XX, Gao FF, Chen J, Yu DY, Gao JQ, Chen ZN, Yang JS, Yan CX, Huo FQ. Phosphorylation of Neurofilament Light Chain in the VLO Is Correlated with Morphine-Induced Behavioral Sensitization in Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097709. [PMID: 37175416 PMCID: PMC10177919 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurofilament light chain (NF-L) plays critical roles in synapses that are relevant to neuropsychiatric diseases. Despite postmortem evidence that NF-L is decreased in opiate abusers, its role and underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. We found that the microinjection of the histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor Trichostatin A (TSA) into the ventrolateral orbital cortex (VLO) attenuated chronic morphine-induced behavioral sensitization. The microinjection of TSA blocked the chronic morphine-induced decrease of NF-L. However, our chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)-qPCR results indicated that this effect was not due to the acetylation of histone H3-Lysine 9 and 14 binding to the NF-L promotor. In line with the behavioral phenotype, the microinjection of TSA also blocked the chronic morphine-induced increase of p-ERK/p-CREB/p-NF-L. Finally, we compared chronic and acute morphine-induced behavioral sensitization. We found that although both chronic and acute morphine-induced behavioral sensitization were accompanied by an increase of p-CREB/p-NF-L, TSA exhibited opposing effects on behavioral phenotype and molecular changes at different addiction contexts. Thus, our findings revealed a novel role of NF-L in morphine-induced behavioral sensitization, and therefore provided some correlational evidence of the involvement of NF-L in opiate addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Xiang Zhang
- College of Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650032, China
| | - Yuan-Mei Zhu
- College of Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Xi-Xi Yang
- College of Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Fei-Fei Gao
- College of Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Jie Chen
- College of Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Dong-Yu Yu
- College of Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Jing-Qi Gao
- College of Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Zhen-Nan Chen
- College of Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Jing-Si Yang
- College of Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Chun-Xia Yan
- College of Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China
- The Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Fu-Quan Huo
- The Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China
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Ge CY, Yang L, Zhang JL, Wei ZF, Feng F. Spinosin ameliorates insulin resistance by suppressing reactive oxygen species-associated inflammation. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2022; 25:850-858. [PMID: 36033948 PMCID: PMC9392568 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2022.64154.14127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Spinosin is the predominant C-glycoside flavonoid derived from the seeds of Zizyphus jujuba var. Spinosa (Rhamnaceae). The present study aimed to investigate the effects of spinosin on insulin resistance (IR) in vascular endothelium. Materials and Methods The anti-IR effect of spinosin was evaluated in a high-fat diet (HFD) treated mice model. The effects of spinosin pretreatment on reactive oxygen species (ROS)-associated inflammation in Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were evaluated by western blot analysis and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. The effect of spinosin on insulin-mediated endothelium-dependent vasodilation of rat aortae was further evaluated. Results Spinosin at 20 mg/kg alleviates increased mice's body weight, fasting serum glucose, oral glucose tolerance, serum insulin, insulin resistance index, and serum lipid of HFD-treated mice. Spinosin at 20 μM suppressed ROS overproduction, and inhibited ROS-related HUVEC inflammation by inhibiting mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6. In addition, spinosin at 0.1 μM showed a vasodilation effect of isoprenaline-pretreated rat aortae and increased insulin-mediated NO production in endothelial cells. These effects were shown to be related to the spinosin regulating serine/tyrosine phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) facilitated/phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling. Conclusion Spinosin may ameliorate IR and ROS-associated inflammation, and increase endothelial NO production by mediating IRS-1/PI3K/endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-yu Ge
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Food and Pharmaceutical Science College, Huai’an, Jiangsu 223005, China, Jiangsu Protein Drug Engineering Lab, Huai’an, Jiangsu 223005, China,These authors contributed eqully to this work
| | - Ling Yang
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China,These authors contributed eqully to this work
| | - Jun-li Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Food and Pharmaceutical Science College, Huai’an, Jiangsu 223005, China, Jiangsu Protein Drug Engineering Lab, Huai’an, Jiangsu 223005, China
| | - Zhi-feng Wei
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China,Corresponding author: Feng Feng. School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Food and Pharmaceutical Science College, Huai’an, Jiangsu 223005, China. Jiangsu Protein Drug Engineering Lab, Huai’an, Jiangsu 223005, China. Tel/Fax: +86 0517 87088229, ; Zhi-feng Wei. Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China, Tel/Fax: +86 0517 87088229,
| | - Feng Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Food and Pharmaceutical Science College, Huai’an, Jiangsu 223005, China, Jiangsu Protein Drug Engineering Lab, Huai’an, Jiangsu 223005, China,Corresponding author: Feng Feng. School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Food and Pharmaceutical Science College, Huai’an, Jiangsu 223005, China. Jiangsu Protein Drug Engineering Lab, Huai’an, Jiangsu 223005, China. Tel/Fax: +86 0517 87088229, ; Zhi-feng Wei. Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China, Tel/Fax: +86 0517 87088229,
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Ramzan F, Vickers MH, Mithen RF. Epigenetics, microRNA and Metabolic Syndrome: A Comprehensive Review. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22095047. [PMID: 34068765 PMCID: PMC8126218 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22095047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetics refers to the DNA chemistry changes that result in the modification of gene transcription and translation independently of the underlying DNA coding sequence. Epigenetic modifications are reported to involve various molecular mechanisms, including classical epigenetic changes affecting DNA methylation and histone modifications and small RNA-mediated processes, particularly that of microRNAs. Epigenetic changes are reversible and are closely interconnected. They are recognised to play a critical role as mediators of gene regulation, and any alteration in these mechanisms has been identified to mediate various pathophysiological conditions. Moreover, genetic predisposition and environmental factors, including dietary alterations, lifestyle or metabolic status, are identified to interact with the human epigenome, highlighting the importance of epigenetic factors as underlying processes in the aetiology of various diseases such as MetS. This review will reflect on how both the classical and microRNA-regulated epigenetic changes are associated with the pathophysiology of metabolic syndrome. We will then focus on the various aspects of epigenetic-based strategies used to modify MetS outcomes, including epigenetic diet, epigenetic drugs, epigenome editing tools and miRNA-based therapies.
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PPAR γ/Nnat/NF- κB Axis Involved in Promoting Effects of Adiponectin on Preadipocyte Differentiation. Mediators Inflamm 2019; 2019:5618023. [PMID: 31871428 PMCID: PMC6906841 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5618023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
A previous study has demonstrated that adiponectin (APN) could promote preadipocyte differentiation, and the present study further explored its mechanism. 3T3-L1 cells were infected with adenovirus holding human adiponectin gene apM1 and mouse neuronatin (Nnat) shRNA and initiated differentiation while coculturing with mature adipocytes stimulated with LPS. After 8 days, preadipocyte differentiation was observed by Oil Red O staining. Real-time quantitative PCR was used to evaluate mRNA expression levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), interleukin- (IL-) 6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α). The levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), malondialdehyde (MDA), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in 3T3-L1 cells were detected. Western blotting was done to quantify the protein expression levels of Nnat, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) γ, p65, and inhibitor of nuclear factor κB (IκB) α. Results demonstrated that APN overexpression markedly increased preadipocyte differentiation; inhibited gene expression of MCP-1, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α; reduced ROS and MDA release; increased T-AOC and SOD levels; upregulated Nnat, PPAR γ, and IκB α protein expressions; and downregulated p65 protein expression under LPS stimulation. However, the effects of APN were markedly attenuated when Nnat expression was knocked down. Taken together, the present study provided evidences that the effects of APN on promoting preadipocyte differentiation under inflammatory conditions via anti-inflammation and antioxidative stress may be regulated by the PPAR γ/Nnat/NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Chen FC, Shen KP, Ke LY, Lin HL, Wu CC, Shaw SY. Flavonoids from Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze seed ameliorates TNF-α induced insulin resistance in HepG2 cells. Saudi Pharm J 2019; 27:507-516. [PMID: 31061619 PMCID: PMC6488808 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2019.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to discuss the non-catechin flavonoids (NCF) from Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze seed improving TNF-α impaired insulin stimulated glucose uptake and insulin signaling. Flavonoids had anti-metabolic syndrome and anti-inflammatory properties. It had widely been known for biological activity of catechins in tea, but very few research reports discussed the biological activity of non-catechin flavonoids in tea seed. We used HepG2 cell to treat with 5 μM insulin or with 5 μM insulin + 30 ng/ml TNF-α. Detecting the glucose concentration of medium, insulin decreased the glucose levels of medium meant that insulin promoted glucose uptake into cells, but TNF-α inhibited the glucose uptake effect of insulin. Furthermore, insulin increased the protein expressions of IR, IRS-1, IRS-2, PI3K-α, Akt/PKB, GLUT-2, AMPK, GCK, pyruvate kinase, and PPAR-γ. TNF-α activated p65 and MAPKs (p38, JNK1/2 and ERK1/2), iNOS and COX-2 which worsened the insulin signaling expressions of IR, IRS-1, IRS-2, PI3K-α, Akt/PKB, GLUT-2, AMPK, GCK, pyruvate kinase, and PPAR-γ. We added NCF (500, 1000, 2000 ppm) to cell with insulin and TNF-α. Not only glucose levels of medium were lowered, and the protein expressions of insulin signaling were increased, but p38, JNK1/2, iNOS and COX-2 were also reduced. NCF could ameliorate TNF-α induced insulin resistance through inhibiting p38, JNK1/2, iNOS and COX-2, and suggested that it might be used in the future to help control insulin resistance. This finding is the first report to present the discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Chih Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Ping Shen
- Department of Nursing, Meiho University, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Yin Ke
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology and Center for Lipid Biosciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Li Lin
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology and Center for Lipid Biosciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chang Wu
- Veternas Affairs Council, Fushoushan Farm, Taichung Heping, Taiwan
| | - Shyh-Yu Shaw
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Corresponding author at: Department of Chemistry National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Road, Tainan City 701, Taiwan.
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Yang W, Yang C, Luo J, Wei Y, Wang W, Zhong Y. Adiponectin promotes preadipocyte differentiation via the PPARγ pathway. Mol Med Rep 2017; 17:428-435. [PMID: 29115433 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
According to the results of a preliminary study, it was hypothesized that the effects of adiponectin (APN) on the improvement of atherosclerosis may be associated with adipocyte differentiation and peroxisome proliferator‑activated receptor γ (PPARγ). The present study simulated the inflammatory environment of epicardial adipose tissue by stimulating mature adipocytes with lipopolysaccharide (LPS); subsequently, the differentiation of 3T3‑L1 preadipocytes was observed. 3T3‑L1 preadipocytes were infected with an adenovirus containing the human adiponectin gene apM1 (Ad‑apM1) and were co‑cultured with mature adipocytes stimulated with LPS. Differentiation into mature adipocytes was initiated using differentiation medium. After 8 days, an MTT assay was used to examine cell viability and oil red O staining was used to observe preadipocyte differentiation. In addition, the mRNA expression levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein‑1 (MCP‑1), interleukin (IL)‑6, IL‑8 and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF‑α) were examined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and the protein expression levels of PPARγ, CCAAT/enhancer binding protein α (C/EBPα) and preadipocyte factor‑1 (Pref‑1) were measured by western blotting. The results indicated that APN overexpression significantly increased preadipocyte differentiation and cell viability, inhibited MCP‑1, IL‑6, IL‑8 and TNF‑α expression, upregulated PPARγ and C/EBPα expression, and downregulated Pref‑1 under LPS stimulation. In addition, inhibition of PPARγ activity by T0070907 markedly attenuated the effects of APN overexpression. Taken together, the present study demonstrated that the effects of APN on the promotion of preadipocyte differentiation under inflammatory conditions may involve the PPARγ signaling pathway, and at least partly depends on upregulation of PPARγ expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenkai Yang
- Department of Cardio‑Thoracic Surgery, Ganzhou People's Hospital, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, P.R. China
| | - Chunli Yang
- Department of Intensive Care, Jiangxi People's Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Jun Luo
- Department of Cardio‑Thoracic Surgery, Ganzhou People's Hospital, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, P.R. China
| | - Yutao Wei
- Department of Cardio‑Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University Medical College, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832008, P.R. China
| | - Wenying Wang
- Department of Intensive Care, Jiangxi People's Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Yingmei Zhong
- Department of Intensive Care, Jiangxi People's Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
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Guo Y, Li Z, Shi C, Li J, Yao M, Chen X. Trichostatin A attenuates oxidative stress-mediated myocardial injury through the FoxO3a signaling pathway. Int J Mol Med 2017; 40:999-1008. [PMID: 28849190 PMCID: PMC5593460 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.3101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Trichostatin A (TSA), a histone deacetylase inhibitor, is widely used as an anticancer drug. Recently, TSA has been shown to exert a protective effect on ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Forkhead box O3a (FoxO3a), a unique FoxO family member, has been shown to attenuate myocardial injury by increasing resistance to oxidative stress in mice. The present study aimed to investigate whether TSA exerts its cardioprotective effects through the FoxO3a signaling pathway. For this purpose, healthy male Wistar rats were pre-treated with TSA for 5 days before they were subjected to ligation/relaxation of the left anterior descending branch of the coronary artery and to 30 min of ischemia, followed by 24 h of reperfusion. The activities of creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and superoxide diamutase (SOD), as well as the malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were examined. The H9c2 rat myocardial cell line was cultured in 10% FBS-containing DMEM for 24 h. The cells were incubated with/without TSA (50 nmol/l) for 1 h and then incubated with/without H2O2 (400 µM) for 2 h. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm) were measured by probe staining in the H9c2 cells. The expression of FoxO3a, mitochondrial SOD2 and catalase was quantified by western blot analysis. The levels of H3 and H4 acetylation of the FoxO3a promoter region were examined by chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. TSA significantly reduced the myocardial infarct size and the activities of serum LDH, AST and CK in the rats. TSA also decreased the levels of MDA and increased the activities of SOD in the myocardial tissue of the rats. Consistent with the reduced injury to the TSA-treated rats, TSA significantly reduced the H2O2-induced levels of ROS and increased Δψm. In addition, TSA increased the expression of FoxO3a, SOD2 and catalase, which may be related to increasing the level of H4 acetylation of the FoxO3a promoter region. Our results thus revealed that TSA protected the myocardium from oxidative stress-mediated damage by increasing H4 acetylation of the FoxO3a promoter region, and the expression of FoxO3a, SOD2 and catalase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhui Guo
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Zhiping Li
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Canxia Shi
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Meng Yao
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Xia Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
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Wu CP, Murakami M, Hsiao SH, Chou AW, Li YQ, Huang YH, Hung TH, Ambudkar SV. Overexpression of ATP-Binding Cassette Subfamily G Member 2 Confers Resistance to Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase Inhibitor PF-4989216 in Cancer Cells. Mol Pharm 2017; 14:2368-2377. [PMID: 28597653 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.7b00277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Deregulated activation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway is frequently found in human cancers, which plays a key role in promoting cancer proliferation and resistance to anticancer therapies. Therefore, developing inhibitors targeting key components of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway has great clinical significance. PF-4989216 is a novel, orally available small-molecule drug that was developed to selectively inhibit the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway and subsequent cancer cell proliferation. PF-4989216 exhibited potent and selective inhibition against PI3K kinase activity in preclinical small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) models, and was especially effective against the proliferation of SCLCs harboring PIK3CA mutation. Unfortunately, in addition to innate resistance mechanisms, drug extrusion by the efflux pumps may also contribute to the development of acquired resistance to PI3K inhibitors in cancer cells. The overexpression of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) drug transporters ABCB1 and ABCG2 is one of the most common mechanisms for reducing intracellular drug concentration and developing multidrug resistance, which remains a substantial challenge to the effective treatment of cancer. In this study, we report the discovery of ABCG2 overexpression as a mechanism of resistance to PI3K inhibitor PF-4989216 in human cancer cells. We demonstrated that the inhibition of Akt and downstream S6RP phosphorylation by PF-4989216 were significantly reduced in ABCG2-overexpressing human cancer cells. Moreover, overexpression of ABCG2 in various cancer cell lines confers significant resistance to PF-4989216, which can be reversed by an inhibitor or competitive substrate of ABCG2, indicating that ABCG2-mediated transport alone can sufficiently reduce the intracellular concentration of PF-4989216.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Pu Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital , Tao-Yuan 105, Taiwan
| | - Megumi Murakami
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, CCR, NCI, NIH , Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | | | | | - Yan-Qing Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital , Tao-Yuan 105, Taiwan
| | | | - Tai-Ho Hung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Chang Gung Memorial Hospital , Taipei 105, Taiwan
| | - Suresh V Ambudkar
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, CCR, NCI, NIH , Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
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TSA protects H9c2 cells against thapsigargin-induced apoptosis related to endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated mitochondrial injury. Saudi Pharm J 2017; 25:595-600. [PMID: 28579897 PMCID: PMC5447435 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2017.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) activates an adaptive unfolded protein response (UPR) that facilitates cellular repair, however, under prolonged ER stress, the UPR can ultimately trigger apoptosis thereby terminating damaged cells. Recently, TSA has shown protective effects on ERS and its mechanisms related to ER pathway has been previously characterized. However, whether TSA exerts its protective role via metabolic events remain largely undefined. Objectives: To explore the possible involvement of the metabolic changes during ERS and to better understand how TSA influence mitochondrial function to facilitate cellular adaptation. Results: TSA is an inhibitor of histone deacetylase which could significantly inhibit H9c2 cell apoptosis induced by Thapsigargin (TG). It also intervene the decrease of mitochondrial membrane potential. By immunofluorescence staining, we have shown that GRP78 was concentrated in the perinuclear region and co-localized with ER. However, treatments with TG and TSA could let it overlap with the mitochondrial marker MitoTracker. Cellular fractionation also confirmed the location of GRP78 in mitochondrion. CONCLUSIONS TSA decreases ERS-induced cell apoptosis and mitochondrial injury may related to enhance the location of GRP78 in mitochondrion.
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Lu JC, Chiang YT, Lin YC, Chang YT, Lu CY, Chen TY, Yeh CS. Disruption of Lipid Raft Function Increases Expression and Secretion of Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0169005. [PMID: 28030645 PMCID: PMC5193455 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 12/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The adipocyte is unique in its capacity to store lipids. In addition to triglycerides, the adipocyte stores a significant amount of cholesterol. Moreover, obese adipocytes are characterized by a redistribution of cholesterol with depleted cholesterol in the plasma membrane, suggesting that cholesterol perturbation may play a role in adipocyte dysfunction. We used methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MβCD), a molecule with high affinity for cholesterol, to rapidly deplete cholesterol level in differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes. We tested whether this perturbation altered adipocyte secretion of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), a chemokine that is elevated in obesity and is linked to obesity-associated chronic diseases. Depletion of cholesterol by MβCD increased MCP-1 secretion as well as the mRNA and protein levels, suggesting perturbation at biosynthesis and secretion. Pharmacological inhibition revealed that NF-κB, but not MEK, p38 and JNK, was involved in MβCD-stimulated MCP-1 biosynthesis and secretion in adipocytes. Finally, another cholesterol-binding drug, filipin, also induced MCP-1 secretion without altering membrane cholesterol level. Interestingly, both MβCD and filipin disturbed the integrity of lipid rafts, the membrane microdomains enriched in cholesterol. Thus, the depletion of membrane cholesterol in obese adipocytes may result in dysfunction of lipid rafts, leading to the elevation of proinflammatory signaling and MCP-1 secretion in adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juu-Chin Lu
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
| | - Yu-Ting Chiang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chun Lin
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Tzu Chang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yun Lu
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Yu Chen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Shan Yeh
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Zhang T, Zhao L, Zeng S, Bai L, Chen J, Zhang Z, Wang Y, Duan C. UHRF2 decreases H3K9ac expression by interacting with it through the PHD and SRA/YDG domain in HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Int J Mol Med 2016; 39:126-134. [PMID: 28004105 PMCID: PMC5179198 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2016.2805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitin-like with PHD and ring finger domains 2 (UHRF2) is a multi-domain E3 ubiquitin ligase which is involved in epigenetic regulation and plays an essential role in tumorigenesis. However, the role of UHRF2 in histone H3 acetylation has not yet been fully elucidated and few studies have reported its role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, we examined the correlation between UHRF2 and acetylated H3 in HCC. Immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis demonstrated that the levels of histone H3 lysine 9 acetylation (H3K9ac) and histone H3 lysine 14 acetylation (H3K14ac) were higher in the HCC tissues and HepG2 HCC cells compared with the adjacent non-tumor tissues and L02 normal cells. The level of UHRF2 was higher in the HCC tissues compared with the adjacent non-tumor tissues, but its expression did not exhibit a significant difference between the HepG2 HCC cells and the L02 normal cells. In addition, when comparing the HCC tissues, a higher expression of UHRF2 correlated with a lower expression of H3K9ac in the HCC tissues. The overexpression of UHRF2 increased the expression of H3K9ac in L02 normal cells (P<0.01), but decreased the expression of H3K9ac in HepG2 cancer cells (P<0.05). Moreover, immunofluorescence staining and co-immunoprecipitation assay indicated that UHRF2 co-localized and interacted with H3K9ac in L02 and HepG2 cells and the plant homeodomain (PHD) finger domain was the key domain for UHRF2 directly binding to H3K9ac. Taken together, these results suggest that UHRF2 decreases the expression of H3K9ac in HepG2 HCC cells and interacts with it through the PHD domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhang
- Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Linglin Zhao
- Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Shengyuan Zeng
- Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Lu Bai
- Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Junxia Chen
- Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Yalan Wang
- Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Changzhu Duan
- Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
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12
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Hsiao SH, Lu YJ, Yang CC, Tuo WC, Li YQ, Huang YH, Hsieh CH, Hung TH, Wu CP. Hernandezine, a Bisbenzylisoquinoline Alkaloid with Selective Inhibitory Activity against Multidrug-Resistance-Linked ATP-Binding Cassette Drug Transporter ABCB1. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2016; 79:2135-2142. [PMID: 27504669 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.6b00597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The overexpression of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) drug transporter ABCB1 (P-glycoprotein, MDR1) is the most studied mechanism of multidrug resistance (MDR), which remains a major obstacle in clinical cancer chemotherapy. Consequently, resensitizing MDR cancer cells by inhibiting the efflux function of ABCB1 has been considered as a potential strategy to overcome ABCB1-mediated MDR in cancer patients. However, the task of developing a suitable modulator of ABCB1 has been hindered mostly by the lack of selectivity and high intrinsic toxicity of candidate compounds. Considering the wide range of diversity and relatively nontoxic nature of natural products, developing a potential modulator of ABCB1 from natural sources is particularly valuable. Through screening of a large collection of purified bioactive natural products, hernandezine was identified as a potent and selective reversing agent for ABCB1-mediated MDR in cancer cells. Experimental data demonstrated that the bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid hernandezine is selective for ABCB1, effectively inhibits the transport function of ABCB1, and enhances drug-induced apoptosis in cancer cells. More importantly, hernandezine significantly resensitizes ABCB1-overexpressing cancer cells to multiple chemotherapeutic drugs at nontoxic, nanomolar concentrations. Collectively, these findings reveal that hernandezine has great potential to be further developed into a novel reversal agent for combination therapy in MDR cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yu-Jen Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital , Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Tai-Ho Hung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Chang Gung Memorial Hospital , Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Pu Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital , Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
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13
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Si YC, Miao WN, He JY, Wang XF, Wang YL, Ding WJ. Intricate interactions of obesity, intestinal flora and Toll-like receptors. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2016; 24:2361-2367. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v24.i15.2361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The rapidly increasing incidence of obesity has resulted in a severe public problem globally. Obesity is associated with subclinical inflammation, causing elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines, as well as disorders of the immune function, which are involved in the dysfunction of intestinal flora. Intestinal flora maintains a dynamic equilibrium with intestinal mucosal immunity. Obesity-related inflammation is mainly trigged by endoplasmic reticulum stress, Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) activation and changes of gut flora. Among them, TLR4 plays a central role in sensing intestinal pathogens and inducing mucosal immunity. On the other hand, metabolism, genetics, gut flora and immune state are integrally regulating the TLR function. In the present paper we explore the intricate interactions of obesity, intestinal flora and TLRs, in order to find novel targets for the treatment of obesity.
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14
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Wu CP, Hsieh YJ, Hsiao SH, Su CY, Li YQ, Huang YH, Huang CW, Hsieh CH, Yu JS, Wu YS. Human ATP-Binding Cassette Transporter ABCG2 Confers Resistance to CUDC-907, a Dual Inhibitor of Histone Deacetylase and Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase. Mol Pharm 2016; 13:784-94. [PMID: 26796063 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.5b00687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
CUDC-907 is a novel, dual-acting small molecule compound designed to simultaneously inhibit the activity of histone deacetylase (HDAC) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K). Treatment with CUDC-907 led to sustained inhibition of HDAC and PI3K activity, inhibition of RAF-MEK-MAPK signaling pathway, and inhibition of cancer cell growth. CUDC-907 is currently under evaluation in phase I clinical trials in patients with lymphoma or multiple myeloma, and in patients with advanced solid tumors. However, the risk of developing acquired resistance to CUDC-907 can present a significant therapeutic challenge to clinicians in the future and should be investigated. The overexpression of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) drug transporter ABCB1, ABCC1, or ABCG2 is one of the most common mechanisms of developing multidrug resistance (MDR) in cancers and a major obstacle in chemotherapy. In this study, we reveal that ABCG2 reduces the intracellular accumulation of CUDC-907 and confers significant resistance to CUDC-907, which leads to reduced activity of CUDC-907 to inhibit HDAC and PI3K in human cancer cells. Moreover, although CUDC-907 affects the transport function of ABCG2, it was not potent enough to reverse drug resistance mediated by ABCG2 or affect the expression level of ABCG2 in human cancer cells. Taken together, our findings indicate that ABCG2-mediated CUDC-907 resistance can have serious clinical implications and should be further investigated. More importantly, we demonstrate that the activity of CUDC-907 in ABCG2-overexpressing cancer cells can be restored by inhibiting the function of ABCG2, which provides support for the rationale of combining CUDC-907 with modulators of ABCG2 to improve the pharmacokinetics and efficacy of CUDC-907 in future treatment trials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Chiun-Wei Huang
- Center for Advanced Molecular Imaging and Translation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital , Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | | | | | - Yu-Shan Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Tunghai University , Taichung, Taiwan
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15
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Nerurkar PV, Hwang PW, Saksa E. Anti-Diabetic Potential of Noni: The Yin and the Yang. Molecules 2015; 20:17684-719. [PMID: 26404212 PMCID: PMC6331903 DOI: 10.3390/molecules201017684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2015] [Revised: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Escalating trends of chronic diseases such as type-2 diabetes (T2D) have sparked a renewed interest in complementary and alternative medicine, including herbal products. Morinda citrifolia (noni) has been used for centuries by Pacific Islanders to treat various ailments. Commercial noni fruit juice has been marketed as a dietary supplement since 1996. In 2003, the European Commission approved Tahitian noni juice as a novel food by the Health and Consumer Protection Directorate General. Among noni's several health benefits, others and we have demonstrated the anti-diabetic effects of fermented noni fruit juice in animal models. Unfortunately, noni's exciting journey from Polynesian medicine to the research bench does not reach its final destination of successful clinical outcomes when translated into commercial products. Noni products are perceived to be safe due to their "natural" origin. However, inadequate evidence regarding bioactive compounds, molecular targets, mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics, long-term safety, effective dosages, and/or unanticipated side effects are major roadblocks to successful translation "from bench side to bedside". In this review we summarize the anti-diabetic potential of noni, differences between traditional and modern use of noni, along with beneficial clinical studies of noni products and challenges in clinical translation of noni's health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratibha V Nerurkar
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders and Alternative Medicine, Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.
| | - Phoebe W Hwang
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders and Alternative Medicine, Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.
| | - Erik Saksa
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders and Alternative Medicine, Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.
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16
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Trek1 contributes to maintaining nasal epithelial barrier integrity. Sci Rep 2015; 5:9191. [PMID: 25778785 PMCID: PMC7365316 DOI: 10.1038/srep09191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial barrier integrity is critical to maintain the homeostasis in the body. The regulatory mechanism of the epithelial barrier function has not been fully understood. This study aims to elucidate the role of the TWIK-related potassium channel-1 (Trek1) in the regulation of the epithelial barrier function of the nasal mucosa. In this study, the levels of Trek1 were assessed by real time RT-PCR and Western blotting. The epithelial barrier function of the rat nasal epithelia was evaluated by the Ussing chamber system. The results showed that Trek1 was detected in the human and rat nasal epithelia, which were significantly lower in patients and rats with allergic rhinitis than that in healthy controls. Exposure to the signature T helper 2 cytokine, interleukin (IL)-4, markedly suppressed the expression of Trek1 in the nasal mucosa via up regulating the expression of the histone deacetylase (HDAC)1. The IL-4-induced rat nasal epithelial barrier dysfunction could be blocked by HDAC1 inhibitor (Trichostatin A), or sodium butyrate, or administration of Clostridium Butyricum. We conclude that Trek1 is critical to maintain the nasal epithelial barrier function.
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17
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Wu CP, Hsiao SH, Su CY, Luo SY, Li YQ, Huang YH, Hsieh CH, Huang CW. Human ATP-Binding Cassette transporters ABCB1 and ABCG2 confer resistance to CUDC-101, a multi-acting inhibitor of histone deacetylase, epidermal growth factor receptor and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2. Biochem Pharmacol 2014; 92:567-76. [PMID: 25450670 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2014.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Revised: 10/06/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
CUDC-101 is the first small-molecule inhibitor designed to simultaneously inhibit epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and histone deacetylase (HDAC) in cancer cells. Recently, in its first in human phase I study, CUDC-101 showed promising single agent activity against advanced solid tumors and favorable pharmacodynamic profile. However, the risk of developing drug resistance to CUDC-101 can still present a significant therapeutic challenge to clinicians in the future. One of the most common mechanisms of developing multidrug resistance (MDR) in cancer is associated with the overexpression of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) drug transporters ABCB1 and ABCG2. Together, they are able to reduce the efficacy and modify the pharmacological properties of anti-cancer agents, including many small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Here, we have investigated the impact of ABCB1 and ABCG2 on the efficacy of CUDC-101 in human cancer cells. We revealed that although CUDC-101 has potent antiproliferative and proapoptotic activities against most cancer cell lines, the overexpression of ABCB1 or ABCG2 in cancer cells significantly reduced the activity of CUDC-101 against HDAC, EGFR and HER2, as well as its cytotoxicity and proapoptotic activity. Moreover, we showed that CUDC-101 modulated the function of both transporters without affecting the protein expression of either ABCB1 or ABCG2. More importantly, our study provides support for the rationale of combining CUDC-101 with modulators of ABC drug transporters to improve drug efficacy and overcome multidrug resistance associated with the overexpression of ABCB1 and ABCG2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Pu Wu
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences; Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.
| | | | | | - Shi-Yu Luo
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences
| | | | - Yang-Hui Huang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hung Hsieh
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science; Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chiun-Wei Huang
- Center for Advanced Molecular Imaging and Translation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
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