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Frigo E, Tommasin L, Lippe G, Carraro M, Bernardi P. The Haves and Have-Nots: The Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore across Species. Cells 2023; 12:1409. [PMID: 37408243 PMCID: PMC10216546 DOI: 10.3390/cells12101409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The demonstration that F1FO (F)-ATP synthase and adenine nucleotide translocase (ANT) can form Ca2+-activated, high-conductance channels in the inner membrane of mitochondria from a variety of eukaryotes led to renewed interest in the permeability transition (PT), a permeability increase mediated by the PT pore (PTP). The PT is a Ca2+-dependent permeability increase in the inner mitochondrial membrane whose function and underlying molecular mechanisms have challenged scientists for the last 70 years. Although most of our knowledge about the PTP comes from studies in mammals, recent data obtained in other species highlighted substantial differences that could be perhaps attributed to specific features of F-ATP synthase and/or ANT. Strikingly, the anoxia and salt-tolerant brine shrimp Artemia franciscana does not undergo a PT in spite of its ability to take up and store Ca2+ in mitochondria, and the anoxia-resistant Drosophila melanogaster displays a low-conductance, selective Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release channel rather than a PTP. In mammals, the PT provides a mechanism for the release of cytochrome c and other proapoptotic proteins and mediates various forms of cell death. In this review, we cover the features of the PT (or lack thereof) in mammals, yeast, Drosophila melanogaster, Artemia franciscana and Caenorhabditis elegans, and we discuss the presence of the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis and of other forms of cell death. We hope that this exercise may help elucidate the function(s) of the PT and its possible role in evolution and inspire further tests to define its molecular nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Frigo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and CNR Neuroscience Institute, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, I-35131 Padova, Italy; (E.F.); (L.T.); (M.C.)
| | - Ludovica Tommasin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and CNR Neuroscience Institute, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, I-35131 Padova, Italy; (E.F.); (L.T.); (M.C.)
| | - Giovanna Lippe
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Piazzale Kolbe 4, I-33100 Udine, Italy;
| | - Michela Carraro
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and CNR Neuroscience Institute, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, I-35131 Padova, Italy; (E.F.); (L.T.); (M.C.)
| | - Paolo Bernardi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and CNR Neuroscience Institute, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, I-35131 Padova, Italy; (E.F.); (L.T.); (M.C.)
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Chen E, Kiebish MA, McDaniel J, Niedzwiecka K, Kucharczyk R, Ravasz D, Gao F, Narain NR, Sarangarajan R, Seyfried TN, Adam-Vizi V, Chinopoulos C. Perturbation of the yeast mitochondrial lipidome and associated membrane proteins following heterologous expression of Artemia-ANT. Sci Rep 2018; 8:5915. [PMID: 29651047 PMCID: PMC5897331 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-24305-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterologous expression is a landmark technique for studying a protein itself or its effect on the expression host, in which membrane-embedded proteins are a common choice. Yet, the impact of inserting a foreign protein to the lipid environment of host membranes, has never been addressed. Here we demonstrated that heterologous expression of the Artemia franciscana adenine nucleotide translocase (ANT) in yeasts altered lipidomic composition of their inner mitochondrial membranes. Along with this, activities of complex II, IV and ATP synthase, all membrane-embedded components, were significantly decreased while their expression levels remained unaffected. Although the results represent an individual case of expressing a crustacean protein in yeast inner mitochondrial membranes, it cannot be excluded that host lipidome alterations is a more widespread epiphenomenon, potentially biasing heterologous expression experiments. Finally, our results raise the possibility that not only lipids modulate protein function, but also membrane-embedded proteins modulate lipid composition, thus revealing a reciprocal mode of regulation for these two biomolecular entities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Katarzyna Niedzwiecka
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, 02-106, Poland
| | - Roza Kucharczyk
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, 02-106, Poland
| | - Dora Ravasz
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1094, Hungary.,MTA-SE Lendület Neurobiochemistry Research Group, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Fei Gao
- BERG LLC, Framingham, MA, 01701, USA
| | | | | | - Thomas N Seyfried
- Biology Department, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Boston, MA, 02467, USA
| | - Vera Adam-Vizi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1094, Hungary.,MTA-SE Laboratory for Neurobiochemistry, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Christos Chinopoulos
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1094, Hungary. .,MTA-SE Lendület Neurobiochemistry Research Group, Budapest, 1094, Hungary.
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Abstract
Current models theorizing on what the mitochondrial permeability transition (mPT) pore is made of, implicate the c-subunit rings of ATP synthase complex. However, two very recent studies, one on atomistic simulations and in the other disrupting all genes coding for the c subunit disproved those models. As a consequence of this, the structural elements of the pore remain unknown. The purpose of the present short-review is to (i) briefly review the latest findings, (ii) serve as an index for more comprehensive reviews regarding mPT specifics, (iii) reiterate on the potential pitfalls while investigating mPT in conjunction to bioenergetics, and most importantly (iv) suggest to those in search of mPT pore identity, to also look elsewhere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos Chinopoulos
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest 1094, Hungary; MTA-SE Lendület Neurobiochemistry Research Group, Hungary.
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Morales-Sánchez D, Kyndt J, Ogden K, Martinez A. Toward an understanding of lipid and starch accumulation in microalgae: A proteomic study of Neochloris oleoabundans cultivated under N-limited heterotrophic conditions. ALGAL RES 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2016.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Doczi J, Torocsik B, Echaniz-Laguna A, Mousson de Camaret B, Starkov A, Starkova N, Gál A, Molnár MJ, Kawamata H, Manfredi G, Adam-Vizi V, Chinopoulos C. Alterations in voltage-sensing of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore in ANT1-deficient cells. Sci Rep 2016; 6:26700. [PMID: 27221760 PMCID: PMC4879635 DOI: 10.1038/srep26700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2015] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The probability of mitochondrial permeability transition (mPT) pore opening is inversely related to the magnitude of the proton electrochemical gradient. The module conferring sensitivity of the pore to this gradient has not been identified. We investigated mPT’s voltage-sensing properties elicited by calcimycin or H2O2 in human fibroblasts exhibiting partial or complete lack of ANT1 and in C2C12 myotubes with knocked-down ANT1 expression. mPT onset was assessed by measuring in situ mitochondrial volume using the ‘thinness ratio’ and the ‘cobalt-calcein’ technique. De-energization hastened calcimycin-induced swelling in control and partially-expressing ANT1 fibroblasts, but not in cells lacking ANT1, despite greater losses of mitochondrial membrane potential. Matrix Ca2+ levels measured by X-rhod-1 or mitochondrially-targeted ratiometric biosensor 4mtD3cpv, or ADP-ATP exchange rates did not differ among cell types. ANT1-null fibroblasts were also resistant to H2O2-induced mitochondrial swelling. Permeabilized C2C12 myotubes with knocked-down ANT1 exhibited higher calcium uptake capacity and voltage-thresholds of mPT opening inferred from cytochrome c release, but intact cells showed no differences in calcimycin-induced onset of mPT, irrespective of energization and ANT1 expression, albeit the number of cells undergoing mPT increased less significantly upon chemically-induced hypoxia than control cells. We conclude that ANT1 confers sensitivity of the pore to the electrochemical gradient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judit Doczi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Semmelweis University MTA-SE Laboratory for Neurobiochemistry, Budapest, 1094, Hungary.,MTA-SE Lendület Neurobiochemistry Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Beata Torocsik
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Semmelweis University MTA-SE Laboratory for Neurobiochemistry, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Andoni Echaniz-Laguna
- Département de Neurologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires, Hôpital de Hautepierre, 67098 Strasbourg cedex, France
| | - Bénédicte Mousson de Camaret
- Service des Maladies Héréditaires du Métabolisme, Centre de Biologie et de Pathologie Est, CHU Lyon, 69677 Bron cedex, France
| | - Anatoly Starkov
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Natalia Starkova
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Aniko Gál
- Institute of Genomic Medicine and Rare Disorders, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1083, Hungary
| | - Mária J Molnár
- Institute of Genomic Medicine and Rare Disorders, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1083, Hungary
| | - Hibiki Kawamata
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Giovanni Manfredi
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Vera Adam-Vizi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Semmelweis University MTA-SE Laboratory for Neurobiochemistry, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Christos Chinopoulos
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Semmelweis University MTA-SE Laboratory for Neurobiochemistry, Budapest, 1094, Hungary.,MTA-SE Lendület Neurobiochemistry Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
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