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Lis M, Niedziela N, Adamczyk-Zostawa J, Zalejska-Fiolka J, Błachut M, Szczygieł J, Świętek A, Adamczyk-Sowa M. Can Vitamin D Reduce Inflammation? The Influence of Supplementation on Selected Immunological Markers. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7592. [PMID: 39062835 PMCID: PMC11277077 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
There is increasing evidence that vitamin D (VitD) supplementation may reduce inflammation in individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different doses of VitD on selected markers of inflammation in patients with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS). Participants were divided depending on the supplemented dose of VitD into a high-dose (2000 IU/d; HD) group and a low-dose (15,960 IU/month; LD) group (n = 23 and n = 29, respectively). The concentration of 25(OH)D and the levels of CXCL16, PTX3, ALCAM, IL-1RA, and OPG were measured initially and after six months of VitD supplementation in blood serum. A significant increase in the concentrations of CXCL16, PTX3, and OPG was observed during the study (p = 0.02, p = 0.01, and p < 0.01, respectively). Furthermore, a higher increase in PTX3 and OPG in the LD group was observed (p = 0.04 and p = 0.03, respectively). A significant positive correlation was observed between the 25(OH)D serum concentration and PTX3 (R = 0.28, p < 0.05) and OPG (R = 0.28, p < 0.05) only at the beginning of the study. In patients with RRMS, such doses of VitD might be too low to induce obvious beneficial effects on the pro-inflammatory and inflammatory balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martyna Lis
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland; (M.L.); (M.A.-S.)
| | - Natalia Niedziela
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland; (M.L.); (M.A.-S.)
| | - Jowita Adamczyk-Zostawa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Jolanta Zalejska-Fiolka
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Michał Błachut
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Jarosław Szczygieł
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland; (M.L.); (M.A.-S.)
| | - Agata Świętek
- Silesia LabMed Research and Implementation Center, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 19 Jordana St., 41-808 Zabrze, Poland;
| | - Monika Adamczyk-Sowa
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland; (M.L.); (M.A.-S.)
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2
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van den Bosch AMR, van der Poel M, Fransen NL, Vincenten MCJ, Bobeldijk AM, Jongejan A, Engelenburg HJ, Moerland PD, Smolders J, Huitinga I, Hamann J. Profiling of microglia nodules in multiple sclerosis reveals propensity for lesion formation. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1667. [PMID: 38396116 PMCID: PMC10891081 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46068-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Microglia nodules (HLA-DR+ cell clusters) are associated with brain pathology. In this post-mortem study, we investigated whether they represent the first stage of multiple sclerosis (MS) lesion formation. We show that microglia nodules are associated with more severe MS pathology. Compared to microglia nodules in stroke, those in MS show enhanced expression of genes previously found upregulated in MS lesions. Furthermore, genes associated with lipid metabolism, presence of T and B cells, production of immunoglobulins and cytokines, activation of the complement cascade, and metabolic stress are upregulated in microglia nodules in MS. Compared to stroke, they more frequently phagocytose oxidized phospholipids and possess a more tubular mitochondrial network. Strikingly, in MS, some microglia nodules encapsulate partially demyelinated axons. Taken together, we propose that activation of microglia nodules in MS by cytokines and immunoglobulins, together with phagocytosis of oxidized phospholipids, may lead to a microglia phenotype prone to MS lesion formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aletta M R van den Bosch
- Neuroimmunology Research Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Marlijn van der Poel
- Neuroimmunology Research Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nina L Fransen
- Neuroimmunology Research Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maria C J Vincenten
- Neuroimmunology Research Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anneleen M Bobeldijk
- Neuroimmunology Research Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Aldo Jongejan
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hendrik J Engelenburg
- Neuroimmunology Research Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Perry D Moerland
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joost Smolders
- Neuroimmunology Research Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- MS Center ErasMS, Department of Neurology and Immunology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Inge Huitinga
- Neuroimmunology Research Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Jörg Hamann
- Neuroimmunology Research Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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3
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Fahmi RM, Kamel AE, Elsayed DA, Zidan AA, Sarhan NT. Serum levels of leptin and adiponectin in patients with multiple sclerosis. THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY, PSYCHIATRY AND NEUROSURGERY 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s41983-021-00369-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The role of adipokines such as leptin and adiponectin in regulating the immunity has been documented, however data concerning their consequence on multiple sclerosis (MS) Egyptian patients are deficient. The aim of this study is to demonstrate the serum levels of leptin and adiponectin in MS patients and to assess their association with disease disability and severity. A case–control study including 60 subjects (30 MS patients and 30 age, sex and body mass index-matched healthy controls) was performed.
Results
Serum leptin level was significantly higher among MS patients than controls (P < 0.001) while adiponectin was not significantly elevated in MS patients (P = 0.24). There was a significant positive correlation between leptin levels with MS disability (Expanded Disability Status Scale) (r = 0.678; P < 0.001), severity (Multiple Sclerosis Severity Score) (r = 0.631; P < 0.001) and progression (progression index) (r = 0.461; P = 0.01). There was no statistically significant correlation between adiponectin with disease disability, severity or progression.
Conclusions
MS patients had significantly higher serum leptin levels and insignificant adiponectin levels compared to controls. Leptin has a potential role in multiple sclerosis disability and severity. However, adiponectin is not useful as a biomarker of MS disease, disability and severity.
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Christophersen A, Zühlke S, Lund EG, Snir O, Dahal‐Koirala S, Risnes LF, Jahnsen J, Lundin KEA, Sollid LM. Pathogenic T Cells in Celiac Disease Change Phenotype on Gluten Challenge: Implications for T-Cell-Directed Therapies. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:e2102778. [PMID: 34495570 PMCID: PMC8564461 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202102778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Gluten-specific CD4+ T cells being drivers of celiac disease (CeD) are obvious targets for immunotherapy. Little is known about how cell markers harnessed for T-cell-directed therapy can change with time and upon activation in CeD and other autoimmune conditions. In-depth characterization of gluten-specific CD4+ T cells and CeD-associated (CD38+ and CD103+ ) CD8+ and γδ+ T cells in blood of treated CeD patients undergoing a 3 day gluten challenge is reported. The phenotypic profile of gluten-specific cells changes profoundly with gluten exposure and the cells adopt the profile of gluten-specific cells in untreated disease (CD147+ , CD70+ , programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)+ , inducible T-cell costimulator (ICOS)+ , CD28+ , CD95+ , CD38+ , and CD161+ ), yet with some markers being unique for day 6 cells (C-X-C chemokine receptor type 6 (CXCR6), CD132, and CD147) and with integrin α4β7, C-C motif chemokine receptor 9 (CCR9), and CXCR3 being expressed stably at baseline and day 6. Among gluten-specific CD4+ T cells, 52% are CXCR5+ at baseline, perhaps indicative of germinal-center reactions, while on day 6 all are CXCR5- . Strikingly, the phenotypic profile of gluten-specific CD4+ T cells on day 6 largely overlaps with that of CeD-associated (CD38+ and CD103+ ) CD8+ and γδ+ T cells. The antigen-induced shift in phenotype of CD4+ T cells being shared with other disease-associated T cells is relevant for development of T-cell-directed therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asbjørn Christophersen
- KG Jebsen Coeliac Disease Research CentreUniversity of OsloOslo0372Norway
- Institute of Clinical MedicineUniversity of OsloOslo0450Norway
- Department of RheumatologyDermatology and Infectious DiseasesOslo University HospitalOslo0372Norway
| | - Stephanie Zühlke
- KG Jebsen Coeliac Disease Research CentreUniversity of OsloOslo0372Norway
- Institute of Clinical MedicineUniversity of OsloOslo0450Norway
| | - Eivind G. Lund
- KG Jebsen Coeliac Disease Research CentreUniversity of OsloOslo0372Norway
- Institute of Clinical MedicineUniversity of OsloOslo0450Norway
| | - Omri Snir
- KG Jebsen Coeliac Disease Research CentreUniversity of OsloOslo0372Norway
- Institute of Clinical MedicineUniversity of OsloOslo0450Norway
| | - Shiva Dahal‐Koirala
- KG Jebsen Coeliac Disease Research CentreUniversity of OsloOslo0372Norway
- Institute of Clinical MedicineUniversity of OsloOslo0450Norway
| | - Louise Fremgaard Risnes
- KG Jebsen Coeliac Disease Research CentreUniversity of OsloOslo0372Norway
- Department of ImmunologyOslo University HospitalOslo0372Norway
| | - Jørgen Jahnsen
- Institute of Clinical MedicineUniversity of OsloOslo0450Norway
- Department of GastroenterologyAkershus University HospitalLørenskog1478Norway
| | - Knut E. A. Lundin
- KG Jebsen Coeliac Disease Research CentreUniversity of OsloOslo0372Norway
- Institute of Clinical MedicineUniversity of OsloOslo0450Norway
- Department of GastroenterologyOslo University Hospital RikshospitaletOslo0372Norway
| | - Ludvig M. Sollid
- KG Jebsen Coeliac Disease Research CentreUniversity of OsloOslo0372Norway
- Institute of Clinical MedicineUniversity of OsloOslo0450Norway
- Department of ImmunologyOslo University HospitalOslo0372Norway
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5
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Zhao J, Yang M, Wu J. CXCL16 may be a predisposing factor to atherosclerosis: An animal study. Mol Med Rep 2021; 24:716. [PMID: 34396447 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory process initiated when lipoprotein is retained in the arterial wall. Leukocyte recruitment accelerates this process. CXC chemokine ligand 16 (CXCL16) acts as a chemokine to attract immune cells and also facilitates the phagocytosis process of modified low‑density lipoprotein. Whether CXCL16 promotes or inhibits the pathological process of AS remains to be elucidated. To clarify this, CXCL16 gene was introduced into C57BL/6J wild‑type mice to establish a stable CXCL16 overexpression mouse model. The initial changes of AS in mice were induced by high‑fat diet (HFD). To study how the interaction of HFD and CXCL16 affected fatty acid metabolism and deposition, body weight and plasma lipid profile were assessed. Soluble CXCL16, matrix metalloproteinase‑9, monocyte chemoattractant protein‑1 and intercellular adhesion molecule‑1 were detected by immunohistochemistry and ELISA to identify how CXCL16 affects AS lesion formation. The present study suggested that overexpression of CXCL16 combined with HFD lead to atherogenesis by upregulating the aforementioned inflammatory related genes at a protein level. The present study was the first, to the best of the authors' knowledge, to build a CXCL16 homozygous transgenic mice model to study how overexpressed CXCL16 is associated with AS for intervening in the occurrence and development of AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junbi Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Menglin Yang
- Department of Burns, Plastic Surgery and Dermatology, No. 922 Hospital of Joint Support Unit of the People's Liberation Army Hengyang, Hunan 421002, P.R. China
| | - Jie Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
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6
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Nazeri M, Bazrafshan H, Abolhasani Foroughi A. Serum inflammatory markers in patients with multiple sclerosis and their association with clinical manifestations and MRI findings. Acta Neurol Belg 2021; 122:1187-1193. [PMID: 33837496 DOI: 10.1007/s13760-021-01647-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation in a myelinated portion of the nervous system is the mainstay of multiple sclerosis (MS). Elevation of inflammatory markers such as procalcitonin, ESR and hs-CRP is suspected to occur in MS patients. However, their prognostic role and their relationship with the severity of clinical symptoms of MS and MRI evidences has remained unnoticed in the literature. Hence, we aim to evaluate the serum level of inflammatory markers in the acute attack of MS patients and demonstrate the potential prognostic role of these inflammatory markers. This study was carried on case and control groups of definite MS patients. The cases were patients with active MS and were further allocated into four subgroups, while as control group included patients with non-active MS. Furthermore, all the participants underwent brain and cervical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using a contrast agent. A significant difference was detected in hs-CRP level (p = 0.009) across the subgroups of the cases. The highest level of hs-CRP was reported in patients with cerebellar and brain stem symptoms (mean = 6998.13 ± 3501.16), while the lowest in patients with pyramidal and urinary incontinence symptoms (mean = 1958.91 ± 2662.16). Moreover, correlation coefficient between values of MRI contrast-enhanced lesions and ESR level was statistically significant (Rs = 0.503 and p = 0.001). Elevation of ESR serum level positively correlates with disease activity evidenced by values of contrast-enhanced plaques of MRI in relapsing-remitting MS patients which may predict the disease activity. In addition, MS relapse with cerebellar and brain stem symptoms is associated with a high concentration of hs-CRP plasma level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoume Nazeri
- Epilepsy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Clinical Neurology Research Center, Department of Neurology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hanieh Bazrafshan
- Clinical Neurology Research Center, Department of Neurology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amin Abolhasani Foroughi
- Epilepsy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
- Medical Imaging Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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7
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Glasnović A, O'Mara N, Kovačić N, Grčević D, Gajović S. RANK/RANKL/OPG Signaling in the Brain: A Systematic Review of the Literature. Front Neurol 2020; 11:590480. [PMID: 33329338 PMCID: PMC7710989 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.590480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Together with its dominant immunological and bone remodeling involvement, RRO axis, comprising of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB (RANK), RANK ligand (RANKL), and osteoprotegerin (OPG) signaling, is as well-implicated in CNS functioning and corresponding pathologies. The CNS aspects of RANKL/RANK/OPG (RRO) axis were systematically reviewed. With search 10 databases, and 7 additional resources from first article publication to July 2019, resulted in total 2,222 hits, from which 33 relevant articles were selected. The elements of RRO axis in CNS include cells involved in neuroinflammation, predominantly in microglia, but as well in resident macrophages and inflammatory cells migrating across the blood-brain barrier. The expression in neurons and oligodendrocytes is mainly confined to processes of differentiation and cell death. RRO axis tunes the neuroinflammatory response, depending on the molecular, cellular and pathological context. RANK/RANKL signaling is neuroprotective in TLR-mediated inflammation, while OPG seems detrimental in stroke, but beneficial in multiple sclerosis. The levels of RRO axis elements can serve as biomarkers in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid. They act as neuroprotectant after brain damage even being implicated in body weight- and thermo-regulation. As derivatives of RRO axis already exist as therapeutic agents in bone remodeling, it would be intriquing to see if these or new RRO-based pharmaceuticals would appear effective in CNS therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Glasnović
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Zagreb University School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia.,Croatian Institute for Brain Research, Zagreb University School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Niall O'Mara
- Department of Medicine, Cork University Hospital, Cork, Ireland
| | - Nataša Kovačić
- Croatian Institute for Brain Research, Zagreb University School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia.,Department of Anatomy, Zagreb University School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Danka Grčević
- Croatian Institute for Brain Research, Zagreb University School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia.,Department of Physiology and Immunology, Zagreb University School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Srećko Gajović
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Zagreb University School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia.,Croatian Institute for Brain Research, Zagreb University School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
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Dhaiban S, Al-Ani M, Elemam NM, Maghazachi AA. Targeting Chemokines and Chemokine Receptors in Multiple Sclerosis and Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis. J Inflamm Res 2020; 13:619-633. [PMID: 33061527 PMCID: PMC7532903 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s270872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated and neurodegenerative disorder that results in inflammation and demyelination of the central nervous system (CNS). MS symptoms include walking difficulties, visual weakening, as well as learning and memory impairment, thus affecting the quality of the patient's life. Chemokines and chemokine receptors are expressed on the immune cells as well as the CNS resident cells. Several sets of chemokine receptors and their ligands tend to be pathogenic players in MS, including CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, CCL5, CCL7, CCL8, CCL11, CCL17, CCL19, CCL21, CCL22, CXCL1, CXCL8, CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11, and CXCL16. Furthermore, current modulatory drugs that are used in the treatment of MS and its animal model, the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), affect the expression of several chemokine and chemokine receptors. In this review, we highlight the pathogenic roles of chemokines and their receptors as well as utilizing them as potential therapeutic targets through selective agents, such as specific antibodies and receptor blockers, or indirectly through MS or EAE immunomodulatory drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Dhaiban
- College of Medicine and Immuno-Oncology Group, Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mena Al-Ani
- College of Medicine and Immuno-Oncology Group, Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Noha Mousaad Elemam
- College of Medicine and Immuno-Oncology Group, Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Azzam A Maghazachi
- College of Medicine and Immuno-Oncology Group, Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
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9
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Parks NE, Jackson-Tarlton CS, Vacchi L, Merdad R, Johnston BC. Dietary interventions for multiple sclerosis-related outcomes. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2020; 5:CD004192. [PMID: 32428983 PMCID: PMC7388136 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd004192.pub4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a common demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. Although the exact pathogenesis remains unknown, the leading theory is that it results from immune system dysregulation. Approved disease-modifying therapy appears to modulate the immune system to improve MS-related outcomes. There is substantial interest in the ability of dietary interventions to influence MS-related outcomes. This is an update of the Cochrane Review 'Dietary interventions for multiple sclerosis' (Farinotti 2003; Farinotti 2007; Farinotti 2012). OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of dietary interventions (including dietary plans with recommendations for specific whole foods, macronutrients, and natural health products) compared to placebo or another intervention on health outcomes (including MS-related outcomes and serious adverse events) in people with MS. SEARCH METHODS On 30 May 2019, we searched CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science. We also searched ClinicalTrials.gov, World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP), and Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (NDLTD). We checked reference lists in identified trials and requested information from trial authors to identify any additional published or unpublished data. SELECTION CRITERIA We included any randomized controlled trial (RCT) or controlled clinical trial (CCT) examining the effect of a dietary intervention versus placebo or another intervention among participants with MS on MS-related outcomes, including relapses, disability progression, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measures. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We used standard methodological procedures expected by Cochrane. Planned primary outcomes were number of participants experiencing relapse and change in disability progression, according to a validated disability scale at the last reported follow-up. Secondary outcomes included MRI activity, safety, and patient-reported outcomes. We entered and analysed data in Review Manager 5. MAIN RESULTS We found 41 full-text articles examining 30 trials following full-text review. Participants were adults with MS, defined by established criteria, presenting to MS clinics in Europe, North America, and the Middle East. Study design varied considerably, although all trials had at least one methodological issue leading to unknown or high risk of bias. Trials examined: supplementation to increase polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) (11 trials); a variety of antioxidant supplements (10 trials); dietary programmes (3 trials); and other dietary supplements (e.g. acetyl L-carnitine, biotin, creatine, palmitoylethanolamide, probiotic, riboflavin) (6 trials). In three trials comparing PUFAs with monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), the evidence was very uncertain concerning difference in relapses (risk ratio (RR) 1.02, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.88 to 1.20; 3 studies, 217 participants; 75% in the PUFA group versus 74% in the MUFA group; very low-certainty evidence). Among four trials comparing PUFAs with MUFAs, there may be little to no difference in global impression of deterioration (RR 0.85, 95% CI 0.71 to 1.03; 4 studies, 542 participants; 40% in the PUFA group versus 47% in the MUFA group; low-certainty evidence). In two trials comparing PUFAs with MUFAs (102 participants), there was very low-certainty evidence for change in disability progression. None of the PUFA versus MUFA trials examined MRI outcomes. In one trial comparing PUFAs with MUFAs (40 participants), there were no serious adverse events; based on low-certainty evidence. In two trials comparing different PUFAs (omega-3 versus omega-6), there may be little to no difference in relapses (RR 1.02, 95% CI 0.62 to 1.66; 2 studies, 129 participants; 30% in the omega-3 versus 29% in the omega-6 group; low-certainty evidence). Among three trials comparing omega-3 with omega-6, there may be little to no difference in change in disability progression, measured as mean change in Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) (mean difference (MD) 0.00, 95% CI -0.30 to 0.30; 3 studies, 166 participants; low-certainty evidence). In one trial comparing omega-3 with omega-6, there was likely no difference in global impression of deterioration (RR 0.99, 95% CI 0.51 to 1.91; 1 study, 86 participants; 29% in omega-3 versus 29% in omega-6 group; moderate-certainty evidence). In one trial comparing omega-3 with omega-6 (86 participants), there was likely no difference in number of new T1- weighted gadolinium-enhancing lesions, based on moderate-certainty evidence. In four trials comparing omega-3 with omega-6, there may be little to no difference in serious adverse events (RR 1.12, 95% CI 0.38 to 3.31; 4 studies, 230 participants; 6% in omega-3 versus 5% in omega-6 group; low-certainty evidence). In four trials examining antioxidant supplementation with placebo, there may be little to no difference in relapses (RR 0.98, 95% CI 0.59 to 1.64; 4 studies, 345 participants; 17% in the antioxidant group versus 17% in the placebo group; low-certainty evidence). In six trials examining antioxidant supplementation with placebo, the evidence was very uncertain concerning change in disability progression, measured as mean change of EDSS (MD -0.19, 95% CI -0.49 to 0.11; 6 studies, 490 participants; very low-certainty evidence). In two trials examining antioxidant supplementation with placebo, there may be little to no difference in global impression of deterioration (RR 0.99, 95% 0.50 to 1.93; 2 studies, 190 participants; 15% in the antioxidant group versus 15% in the placebo group; low-certainty evidence). In two trials examining antioxidant supplementation with placebo, the evidence was very uncertain concerning difference in gadolinium-enhancing lesions (RR 0.67, 95% CI 0.09 to 4.88; 2 studies, 131 participants; 11% in the antioxidant group versus 16% in the placebo group; very low-certainty evidence). In three trials examining antioxidant supplementation versus placebo, there may be little to no difference in serious adverse events (RR. 0.72, 95% CI 0.17 to 3.08; 3 studies, 222 participants; 3% in the antioxidant group versus 4% in the placebo group; low-certainty evidence). AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS There are a variety of controlled trials addressing the effects of dietary interventions for MS with substantial variation in active treatment, comparator, and outcomes of interest. PUFA administration may not differ when compared to alternatives with regards to relapse rate, disability worsening, or overall clinical status in people with MS, but evidence is uncertain. Similarly, at present, there is insufficient evidence to determine whether supplementation with antioxidants or other dietary interventions have any impact on MS-related outcomes.
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Key Words
- adult
- humans
- antioxidants
- antioxidants/administration & dosage
- diet, fat-restricted
- diet, paleolithic
- diet, vegetarian
- dietary supplements
- disease progression
- fatty acids, monounsaturated
- fatty acids, monounsaturated/therapeutic use
- fatty acids, omega-3
- fatty acids, omega-3/administration & dosage
- fatty acids, omega-6
- fatty acids, omega-6/administration & dosage
- fatty acids, unsaturated
- fatty acids, unsaturated/administration & dosage
- multiple sclerosis
- multiple sclerosis/diet therapy
- randomized controlled trials as topic
- recurrence
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie E Parks
- Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| | | | - Laura Vacchi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Roah Merdad
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| | - Bradley C Johnston
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
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10
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Sandor AM, Lindsay RS, Dyjack N, Whitesell JC, Rios C, Bradley BJ, Haskins K, Serreze DV, Geurts AM, Chen YG, Seibold MA, Jacobelli J, Friedman RS. CD11c + Cells Are Gatekeepers for Lymphocyte Trafficking to Infiltrated Islets During Type 1 Diabetes. Front Immunol 2019; 10:99. [PMID: 30766536 PMCID: PMC6365440 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a T cell mediated autoimmune disease that affects more than 19 million people with incidence increasing rapidly worldwide. For T cells to effectively drive T1D, they must first traffic to the islets and extravasate through the islet vasculature. Understanding the cues that lead to T cell entry into inflamed islets is important because diagnosed T1D patients already have established immune infiltration of their islets. Here we show that CD11c+ cells are a key mediator of T cell trafficking to infiltrated islets in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice. Using intravital 2-photon islet imaging we show that T cell extravasation into the islets is an extended process, with T cells arresting in the islet vasculature in close proximity to perivascular CD11c+ cells. Antigen is not required for T cell trafficking to infiltrated islets, but T cell chemokine receptor signaling is necessary. Using RNAseq, we show that islet CD11c+ cells express over 20 different chemokines that bind chemokine receptors expressed on islet T cells. One highly expressed chemokine-receptor pair is CXCL16-CXCR6. However, NOD. CXCR6-/- mice progressed normally to T1D and CXCR6 deficient T cells trafficked normally to the islets. Even with CXCR3 and CXCR6 dual deficiency, T cells trafficked to infiltrated islets. These data reinforce that chemokine receptor signaling is highly redundant for T cell trafficking to inflamed islets. Importantly, depletion of CD11c+ cells strongly inhibited T cell trafficking to infiltrated islets of NOD mice. We suggest that targeted depletion of CD11c+ cells associated with the islet vasculature may yield a therapeutic target to inhibit T cell trafficking to inflamed islets to prevent progression of T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam M Sandor
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States.,Department of Biomedical Research, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, United States
| | - Robin S Lindsay
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States.,Department of Biomedical Research, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, United States
| | - Nathan Dyjack
- Center for Genes, Environment, and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, United States
| | - Jennifer C Whitesell
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States.,Department of Biomedical Research, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, United States
| | - Cydney Rios
- Center for Genes, Environment, and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, United States
| | - Brenda J Bradley
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Kathryn Haskins
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | | | - Aron M Geurts
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Yi-Guang Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Max A Seibold
- Center for Genes, Environment, and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, United States.,Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Jordan Jacobelli
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States.,Department of Biomedical Research, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, United States
| | - Rachel S Friedman
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States.,Department of Biomedical Research, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, United States
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11
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Kvistad SS, Myhr KM, Holmøy T, Benth JŠ, Wergeland S, Beiske AG, Bjerve KS, Hovdal H, Midgard R, Sagen JV, Torkildsen Ø. Serum levels of leptin and adiponectin are not associated with disease activity or treatment response in multiple sclerosis. J Neuroimmunol 2018; 323:73-77. [PMID: 30196837 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2018.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Adipokines secreted by fatty tissue have inflammatory properties and are suggested biomarkers of MS disease activity. To assess this, 88 MS patients were followed with nine repeated measurements of leptin and adiponectin and 12 magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans for two years; six months without any immunomodulatory treatment followed by 18 months during interferon-beta (IFNB) treatment. Serum levels of leptin dropped and adiponectin increased upon initiation of IFNB-therapy, but were not associated with clinical or MRI disease activity or with treatment response. Our findings indicate that leptin and adiponectin are not useful as biomarkers of MS disease activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silje Stokke Kvistad
- Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Kjell-Morten Myhr
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Norwegian Multiple Sclerosis Registry and Biobank, Department of Neurology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Trygve Holmøy
- Department of Neurology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jūratė Šaltytė Benth
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Health Services Research Unit, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Stig Wergeland
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Norwegian Multiple Sclerosis Registry and Biobank, Department of Neurology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Kristian S Bjerve
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, St. Olav's Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Norway; Clinic of Laboratory Medicine, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children's and Women's Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Harald Hovdal
- Department of Neurology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Rune Midgard
- Department of Neurology, Molde Hospital, Norway; Unit for Applied Clinical Research, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Jørn V Sagen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Hormone Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Øivind Torkildsen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Norwegian Multiple Sclerosis Competence Centre, Department of Neurology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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12
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Guerrero-García JDJ, Godínez-Rubí M, Ortuño-Sahagún D. Multiple Sclerosis in Search for Biomarkers: Gender as a Variable in the Equation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.3233/nib-170126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Marisol Godínez-Rubí
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Patología, Departamento de Microbiología y Patología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Daniel Ortuño-Sahagún
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunobiología Molecular, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas (IICB), C.U.C.S., Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
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13
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Shao Q, Lin Z, Wu X, Tang J, Lu S, Feng D, Cheng C, Qing L, Yao K, Chen Y. Transcriptome sequencing of neurologic diseases associated genes in HHV-6A infected human astrocyte. Oncotarget 2018; 7:48070-48080. [PMID: 27344170 PMCID: PMC5217001 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Human Herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) has been involved in the development of several central nervous system (CNS) diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis and glioma. In order to identify the pathogenic mechanism of HHV-6A infection, we carried out mRNA-seq study of human astrocyte HA1800 cell with HHV-6A GS infection. Using mRNA-seq analysis of HA1800-control cells with HA1800-HHV-6A GS cells, we identified 249 differentially expressed genes. After investigating these candidate genes, we found seven genes associated with two or more CNS diseases: CTSS, PTX3, CHI3L1, Mx1, CXCL16, BIRC3, and BST2. This is the first transcriptome sequencing study which showed the significant association of these genes between HHV-6A infection and neurologic diseases. We believe that our findings can provide a new perspective to understand the pathogenic mechanism of HHV-6A infection and neurologic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Shao
- Department of Immunology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.,Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhe Lin
- Department of Immunology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohui Wu
- Genetic Data Analysis Group, Shanghai Biotechnology Corporation, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Junwei Tang
- Liver Transplantation Center of The First Affiliated Hospital and Collaborative Innovation Center For Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai Lu
- Department of Immunology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongju Feng
- Department of Immunology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ci Cheng
- Department of Immunology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Lanqun Qing
- Department of Immunology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Yao
- Department of Immunology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Chen
- Department of Immunology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
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14
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Stilund M, Gjelstrup MC, Christensen T, Møller HJ, Petersen T. A multi-biomarker follow-up study of patients with multiple sclerosis. Brain Behav 2016; 6:e00509. [PMID: 27688939 PMCID: PMC5036432 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Revised: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to examine the levels of the macrophage marker sCD163 and other biomarkers at the time of diagnosis of patients with either clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) or relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), and assess relation to clinical indicators of prognosis, disease activity (DA), and changes in the levels of these biomarkers at follow-up. MATERIALS AND METHODS The clinical status and MRI were reevaluated in 56 patients more than 1 year after diagnosis with a median follow-up time of 2 years. Levels of biomarkers in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. RESULTS There was no significant difference in time to DA between patients with CIS and RRMS. A high sCD163 ratio (>0.07) was significantly (P = 0.04) associated with time to DA in the untreated patient group. In 21 patients reevaluated with serum and CSF samples, the sCD163 ratio levels decreased from 0.068 to 0.054 (P = 0.026) in the CIS/RRMS-treated group. The CSF CXCL13, CXCL13 ratio, CSF neurofilament light polypeptide and osteopontin levels also decreased significantly in the CIS/RRMS-treated group. CONCLUSIONS The levels of all biomarkers changed concurrently with MS treatment. The sCD163 ratio was identified as a potential novel marker for time to DA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morten Stilund
- Department of Neurology Aarhus University Hospital Nørrebrogade 44 DK-8000 Aarhus C Denmark; Department of Biomedicine Aarhus University Bartholin Building, Wilhelm Meyers Allé 4 DK-8000 Aarhus C Denmark
| | - Mikkel Carstensen Gjelstrup
- Department of Biomedicine Aarhus University Bartholin Building, Wilhelm Meyers Allé 4 DK-8000 Aarhus C Denmark
| | - Tove Christensen
- Department of Biomedicine Aarhus University Bartholin Building, Wilhelm Meyers Allé 4 DK-8000 Aarhus C Denmark
| | - Holger Jon Møller
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry Aarhus University Hospital Nørrebrogade 44 DK-8000 Aarhus C Denmark
| | - Thor Petersen
- Department of Neurology Aarhus University Hospital Nørrebrogade 44 DK-8000 Aarhus C Denmark
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15
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Matrix Metalloproteinases in the Interstitial Space. Protein Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1201/9781315374307-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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16
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Wergeland S, Myhr KM, Løken-Amsrud KI, Beiske AG, Bjerve KS, Hovdal H, Midgard R, Kvistad SS, Holmøy T, Riise T, Torkildsen Ø. Vitamin D, HLA-DRB1 and Epstein-Barr virus antibody levels in a prospective cohort of multiple sclerosis patients. Eur J Neurol 2016; 23:1064-70. [PMID: 26998820 DOI: 10.1111/ene.12986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Our objective was to study the association between serum levels of anti Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA-1) antibody and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) in a prospective cohort of patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. METHOD The study comprised 90 patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis, all participants in a randomized clinical trial of ω-3 fatty acids (the OFAMS study). Repeated, paired measurements of serum 25(OH)D and serum EBNA-1 immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels were obtained at baseline and every 6 months for 24 months. The association between serum EBNA-1 IgG and serum 25(OH)D levels was analysed using generalized linear models for hierarchical data. RESULTS There was a significant variation in EBNA-1 IgG antibody level between sampling months (Fdf 11 = 1.8, P = 0.043, one-way anova). There was a negative association between EBNA-1 IgG and 25(OH)D [B = -0.230, 95% confidence interval (CI) (-0.440, -0.023), P = 0.030] and a positive association between EBNA-1 IgG and HLA-DRB1*15 positive status [B = 94.7, 95% CI (2.423, 186.9), P = 0.044]. The association between 25(OH)D and EBNA-1 IgG remained significant after adjusting for the patient's age, gender, HLA-DRB1*15, retinol levels and interferon β-1a treatment. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates monthly differences in EBNA-1 IgG levels and an association between EBNA-1 IgG, 25(OH)D levels and HLA-DRB1*15. These results indicate that EBNA-1 IgG serum levels are affected by genetic and environmental factors that also modulate multiple sclerosis risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Wergeland
- Department of Neurology, Norwegian Multiple Sclerosis Competence Centre, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - K-M Myhr
- Department of Clinical Medicine, KG Jebsen MS Research Centre, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - K I Løken-Amsrud
- Department of Neurology, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Lillehammer, Norway
| | - A G Beiske
- Multiple Sclerosis Centre Hakadal, Hakadal, Norway
| | - K S Bjerve
- Clinic of Laboratory Medicine, St Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children's and Women's Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - H Hovdal
- Department of Neurology, St Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - R Midgard
- Department of Neurology, Molde Hospital, Molde, Norway.,Unit for Applied Clinical Research, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - S S Kvistad
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - T Holmøy
- Department of Neurology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - T Riise
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ø Torkildsen
- Department of Neurology, Norwegian Multiple Sclerosis Competence Centre, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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17
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Kvistad SS, Myhr KM, Holmøy T, Šaltytė Benth J, Wergeland S, Beiske AG, Bjerve KS, Hovdal H, Lilleås F, Midgard R, Pedersen T, Bakke SJ, Michelsen AE, Aukrust P, Ueland T, Sagen JV, Torkildsen Ø. Body mass index influence interferon-beta treatment response in multiple sclerosis. J Neuroimmunol 2015; 288:92-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2015.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Revised: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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18
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Røsjø E, Steffensen LH, Jørgensen L, Lindstrøm JC, Šaltytė Benth J, Michelsen AE, Aukrust P, Ueland T, Kampman MT, Torkildsen Ø, Holmøy T. Vitamin D supplementation and systemic inflammation in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. J Neurol 2015; 262:2713-21. [PMID: 26429571 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-015-7902-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Revised: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Observational studies have suggested that vitamin D may reduce inflammation in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), but this has not been clearly confirmed in randomized controlled trials. To further explore the possible anti-inflammatory effects of vitamin D in RRMS, we examined the effect of high-dose oral vitamin D3 on eleven markers of systemic inflammation in 68 RRMS patients enrolled in a double-blinded randomized placebo-controlled trial of vitamin D3 supplementation (20,000 IU/week) (NCT00785473). Serum inflammation markers and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) were measured at baseline and week 96, and no restrictions were set on additional standard immunomodulatory treatment for RRMS. The mean 25(OH)D level rose from 56 ± 29 to 123 ± 34 nmol/L among patients receiving vitamin D3 supplementation, whereas only a minor increase from 57 ± 22 to 63 ± 24 nmol/L was seen in the placebo group. However, no significant differences appeared between the vitamin D group and the placebo group for any of the inflammation markers. Patients on immunomodulatory therapy had significantly higher levels of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist and chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 16 than patients without immunomodulatory treatment, but there were no clear synergistic effects between immunomodulatory therapy and vitamin D3 supplementation on any of the inflammation markers. The rise in 25(OH)D levels after vitamin D3 supplementation was unaffected by immunomodulatory treatment. We conclude that in this study of RRMS patients, high-dose oral vitamin D3 supplementation prominently increased serum 25(OH)D levels without affecting markers of systemic inflammation, while a more anti-inflammatory phenotype was found among patients on immunomodulatory treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Egil Røsjø
- Department of Neurology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway. .,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Linn H Steffensen
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway.,Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Lone Jørgensen
- Department of Health and Care Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway.,Department of Clinical Therapeutic Services, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Jonas C Lindstrøm
- Helse Sør-Øst Health Services Research Centre, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Jūratė Šaltytė Benth
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Helse Sør-Øst Health Services Research Centre, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Annika E Michelsen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Pål Aukrust
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway.,Section for Clinical Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway.,KG Jebsen Inflammatory Research Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Thor Ueland
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Margitta T Kampman
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Øivind Torkildsen
- KG Jebsen MS Research Centre, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Norwegian Multiple Sclerosis Competence Centre, Department of Neurology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Trygve Holmøy
- Department of Neurology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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19
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Guillot F, Garcia A, Salou M, Brouard S, Laplaud DA, Nicot AB. Transcript analysis of laser capture microdissected white matter astrocytes and higher phenol sulfotransferase 1A1 expression during autoimmune neuroinflammation. J Neuroinflammation 2015; 12:130. [PMID: 26141738 PMCID: PMC4501186 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-015-0348-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2014] [Accepted: 06/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Astrocytes, the most abundant cell population in mammal central nervous system (CNS), contribute to a variety of functions including homeostasis, metabolism, synapse formation, and myelin maintenance. White matter (WM) reactive astrocytes are important players in amplifying autoimmune demyelination and may exhibit different changes in transcriptome profiles and cell function in a disease-context dependent manner. However, their transcriptomic profile has not yet been defined because they are difficult to purify, compared to gray matter astrocytes. Here, we isolated WM astrocytes by laser capture microdissection (LCM) in a murine model of multiple sclerosis to better define their molecular profile focusing on selected genes related to inflammation. Based on previous data indicating anti-inflammatory effects of estrogen only at high nanomolar doses, we also examined mRNA expression for enzymes involved in steroid inactivation. Methods Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) was induced in female C57BL6 mice with MOG35–55 immunization. Fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis of a portion of individual spinal cords at peak disease was used to assess the composition of immune cell infiltrates. Using custom Taqman low-density-array (TLDA), we analyzed mRNA expression of 40 selected genes from immuno-labeled laser-microdissected WM astrocytes from lumbar spinal cord sections of EAE and control mice. Immunohistochemistry and double immunofluorescence on control and EAE mouse spinal cord sections were used to confirm protein expression in astrocytes. Results The spinal cords of EAE mice were infiltrated mostly by effector/memory T CD4+ cells and macrophages. TLDA-based profiling of LCM-astrocytes identified EAE-induced gene expression of cytokines and chemokines as well as inflammatory mediators recently described in gray matter reactive astrocytes in other murine CNS disease models. Strikingly, SULT1A1, but not other members of the sulfotransferase family, was expressed in WM spinal cord astrocytes. Moreover, its expression was further increased in EAE. Immunohistochemistry on spinal cord tissues confirmed preferential expression of this enzyme in WM astrocytic processes but not in gray matter astrocytes. Conclusions We described here for the first time the mRNA expression of several genes in WM astrocytes in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis. Besides expected pro-inflammatory chemokines and specific inflammatory mediators increased during EAE, we evidenced relative high astrocytic expression of the cytoplasmic enzyme SULT1A1. As the sulfonation activity of SULT1A1 inactivates estradiol among other phenolic substrates, its high astrocytic expression may account for the relative resistance of this cell population to the anti-neuroinflammatory effects of estradiol. Blocking the activity of this enzyme during neuroinflammation may thus help the injured CNS to maintain the anti-inflammatory activity of endogenous estrogens or limit the dose of estrogen co-regimens for therapeutical purposes. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12974-015-0348-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flora Guillot
- INSERM UMR 1064, CHU Hôtel-Dieu, 30 Bvd Jean Monnet, 44093, Nantes, France. .,Université de Nantes, Faculté de Médecine, Nantes, France.
| | - Alexandra Garcia
- INSERM UMR 1064, CHU Hôtel-Dieu, 30 Bvd Jean Monnet, 44093, Nantes, France. .,CESTI/ITUN, CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France.
| | - Marion Salou
- INSERM UMR 1064, CHU Hôtel-Dieu, 30 Bvd Jean Monnet, 44093, Nantes, France. .,Université de Nantes, Faculté de Médecine, Nantes, France.
| | - Sophie Brouard
- INSERM UMR 1064, CHU Hôtel-Dieu, 30 Bvd Jean Monnet, 44093, Nantes, France. .,Université de Nantes, Faculté de Médecine, Nantes, France. .,CESTI/ITUN, CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France.
| | - David A Laplaud
- INSERM UMR 1064, CHU Hôtel-Dieu, 30 Bvd Jean Monnet, 44093, Nantes, France. .,Université de Nantes, Faculté de Médecine, Nantes, France. .,Service de Neurologie, CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France.
| | - Arnaud B Nicot
- INSERM UMR 1064, CHU Hôtel-Dieu, 30 Bvd Jean Monnet, 44093, Nantes, France. .,Université de Nantes, Faculté de Médecine, Nantes, France.
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20
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Røsjø E, Myhr KM, Løken-Amsrud KI, Bakke SJ, Beiske AG, Bjerve KS, Hovdal H, Lilleås F, Midgard R, Pedersen T, Šaltytė Benth J, Torkildsen Ø, Wergeland S, Michelsen AE, Aukrust P, Ueland T, Holmøy T. Vitamin D status and effect of interferon-β1a treatment on MRI activity and serum inflammation markers in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. J Neuroimmunol 2015; 280:21-8. [PMID: 25773151 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2015.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Revised: 01/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
To explore if vitamin D modulates interferon-β1a treatment effects in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis, we examined relationships between serum vitamin D and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) activity and ten systemic inflammation markers in 88 patients, before and during treatment. Odds ratios for all MRI parameters were negatively associated with vitamin D levels before therapy, but converged to equally low values irrespective of vitamin D status during treatment. During therapy, similar alterations of MRI activity and inflammation markers were found across patients categorized by mean vitamin D values. This suggests that vitamin D status has no major influence on interferon-β1a treatment effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Egil Røsjø
- Department of Neurology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Kjell-Morten Myhr
- Norwegian Multiple Sclerosis Registry and Biobank, Department of Neurology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; KG Jebsen MS Research Centre, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Søren J Bakke
- Department of Neuroradiology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Kristian S Bjerve
- Clinic of Laboratory Medicine, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children's and Women's Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Harald Hovdal
- Department of Neurology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | | | - Rune Midgard
- Department of Neurology, Molde Hospital, Molde, Norway; Unit for Applied Clinical Research, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | | | - Jūratė Šaltytė Benth
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Helse Sør-Øst Health Services Research Centre, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Øivind Torkildsen
- KG Jebsen MS Research Centre, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Norwegian Multiple Sclerosis Competence Centre, Department of Neurology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Stig Wergeland
- Norwegian Multiple Sclerosis Registry and Biobank, Department of Neurology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Norwegian Multiple Sclerosis Competence Centre, Department of Neurology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Annika E Michelsen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Pål Aukrust
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway; Section for Clinical Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway; KG Jebsen Inflammatory Research Center, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Thor Ueland
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Trygve Holmøy
- Department of Neurology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Houldcroft CJ, Petrova V, Liu JZ, Frampton D, Anderson CA, Gall A, Kellam P. Host genetic variants and gene expression patterns associated with Epstein-Barr virus copy number in lymphoblastoid cell lines. PLoS One 2014; 9:e108384. [PMID: 25290448 PMCID: PMC4188571 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0108384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2014] [Accepted: 08/20/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) are commonly used in molecular genetics, supplying DNA for the HapMap and 1000 Genomes Projects, used to test chemotherapeutic agents, and informing the basis of a number of population genetics studies of gene expression. The process of transforming human B cells into LCLs requires the presence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), a double-stranded DNA virus which through B-cell immortalisation maintains an episomal virus genome in every cell of an LCL at variable copy numbers. Previous studies have reported that EBV alters host-gene expression and EBV copy number may be under host genetic control. We performed a genome-wide association study of EBV genome copy number in LCLs and found the phenotype to be highly heritable, although no individual SNPs achieved a significant association with EBV copy number. The expression of two host genes (CXCL16 and AGL) was positively correlated and expression of ADARB2 was negatively correlated with EBV copy number in a genotype-independent manner. This study shows an association between EBV copy number and the gene expression profile of LCLs, and suggests that EBV copy number should be considered as a covariate in future studies of host gene expression in LCLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte J. Houldcroft
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Division of Biological Anthropology, Department of Archaeology and Anthropology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Velislava Petrova
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jimmy Z. Liu
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Dan Frampton
- Department of Infection, Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Carl A. Anderson
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Astrid Gall
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Kellam
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Infection, Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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22
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Increasing serum levels of vitamin A, D and E are associated with alterations of different inflammation markers in patients with multiple sclerosis. J Neuroimmunol 2014; 271:60-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2014.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2013] [Revised: 02/20/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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23
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Kvistad S, Myhr KM, Holmøy T, Bakke S, Beiske AG, Bjerve KS, Hovdal H, Løken-Amsrud KI, Lilleås F, Midgard R, Njølstad G, Pedersen T, Benth JŠ, Wergeland S, Torkildsen O. Antibodies to Epstein-Barr virus and MRI disease activity in multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler 2014; 20:1833-40. [PMID: 24842958 DOI: 10.1177/1352458514533843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous reports indicate an association between Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) antibody levels and multiple sclerosis (MS) disease activity, but the results have been conflicting. OBJECTIVES The objective of this paper is to study if EBV antibody levels reflect MRI disease activity in MS and examine the potential for EBV antibody levels as biomarkers for treatment response. METHODS A total of 87 MS patients were followed for two years prior to and during interferon beta (IFNB) treatment, with MRI examinations and serum measurement of IgM and IgG antibodies to viral capsid antigen (VCA), EBV nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA-1) and early antigen (EA). Associations between EBV antibody levels and MRI activity were assessed by a logistic regression model. RESULTS Higher anti-EBNA-1 IgG levels were associated with increased MRI activity, OR = 2.95 (95% CI 1.07-8.10; p = 0.036) for combined unique activity (CUA; the sum of T1Gd+ lesions and new or enlarging T2 lesions). Although most patients were anti-VCA IgM negative, there was an inverse association, OR = 0.32 (95% CI 0.12-0.84; p = 0.021) with CUA during IFNB treatment. CONCLUSIONS This study supports an association between anti-EBNA-1 IgG levels and MS disease activity. We also found an inverse association with anti-VCA IgM levels during IFNB treatment not previously described, indicating anti-VCA IgM as a possible biomarker for IFNB treatment response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silje Kvistad
- Norwegian MS Competence Centre, Haukeland University Hospital, Jonas Lies vei 65, 5053 Bergen, Norway
| | - Kjell-Morten Myhr
- Norwegian MS Competence Centre, Haukeland University Hospital, Norway/KG Jebsen Center for MS Research, University of Bergen, Norway/Norwegian MS Registry and Biobank, Haukeland University Hospital, Norway
| | - Trygve Holmøy
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway/Akershus University Hospital, Norway
| | | | | | - Kristian S Bjerve
- St. Olav's Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Norway/Children's and Women's Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway
| | - Harald Hovdal
- St Olav's Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Norway
| | - Kristin I Løken-Amsrud
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway/Innlandet Hospital Trust, Norway
| | | | - Rune Midgard
- Molde Hospital, Norway/Unit for Applied Clinical Research, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway
| | | | | | - Jūratė Šaltytė Benth
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway/Helse Sør-Øst Health Services Research Centre, Akershus University Hospital, Norway
| | - Stig Wergeland
- Norwegian MS Competence Centre, Haukeland University Hospital, Norway/KG Jebsen Center for MS Research, University of Bergen, Norway
| | - Oivind Torkildsen
- Norwegian MS Competence Centre, Haukeland University Hospital, Norway/KG Jebsen Center for MS Research, University of Bergen, Norway
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24
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Kramer JM. Early events in Sjögren's Syndrome pathogenesis: the importance of innate immunity in disease initiation. Cytokine 2014; 67:92-101. [PMID: 24656928 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2014.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2014] [Accepted: 02/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Sjögren's Syndrome (SS) is a debilitating autoimmune disease that primarily affects women. Patients with SS experience dry eyes and dry mouth in addition to systemic disease manifestations, including arthritis, peripheral neuropathy and pulmonary fibrosis. As in many autoimmune diseases, the inciting factors that precipitate SS are poorly understood. Patients with SS have periductal and perivascular lymphocytic infiltration of salivary and lacrimal tissue, and this is a hallmark of disease. While this infiltration is well characterized, the pathologic events that precede and cause this inflammatory cell recruitment are unknown. Although few studies have examined SS salivary tissue prior to disease onset, there is strong evidence for innate immune hyperactivity. Accordingly, processes such as apoptosis of glandular tissue, heightened inflammatory cytokine and chemokine production, and toll-like receptor (TLR) activation are described in early disease and are each linked to innate immune activation in murine models of disease and SS patients. This review will explore the relationship between innate immunity and SS pathogenesis prior to overt disease onset and discuss therapeutic strategies to mitigate disease progression in SS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill M Kramer
- Department of Oral Biology, State University of New York at Buffalo, School of Dental Medicine, 3435 Main Street, 211 Foster Hall, Buffalo, NY 14214, United States.
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