1
|
DNA Mismatch Repair Gene Variants in Sporadic Solid Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21155561. [PMID: 32756484 PMCID: PMC7432688 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The phenotypic effects of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the development of sporadic solid cancers are still scarce. The aim of this review was to summarise and analyse published data on the associations between SNPs in mismatch repair genes and various cancers. The mismatch repair system plays a unique role in the control of the genetic integrity and it is often inactivated (germline and somatic mutations and hypermethylation) in cancer patients. Here, we focused on germline variants in mismatch repair genes and found the outcomes rather controversial: some SNPs are sometimes ascribed as protective, while other studies reported their pathological effects. Regarding the complexity of cancer as one disease, we attempted to ascertain if particular polymorphisms exert the effect in the same direction in the development and treatment of different malignancies, although it is still not straightforward to conclude whether polymorphisms always play a clear positive role or a negative one. Most recent and robust genome-wide studies suggest that risk of cancer is modulated by variants in mismatch repair genes, for example in colorectal cancer. Our study shows that rs1800734 in MLH1 or rs2303428 in MSH2 may influence the development of different malignancies. The lack of functional studies on many DNA mismatch repair SNPs as well as their interactions are not explored yet. Notably, the concerted action of more variants in one individual may be protective or harmful. Further, complex interactions of DNA mismatch repair variations with both the environment and microenvironment in the cancer pathogenesis will deserve further attention.
Collapse
|
2
|
Schuetz JM, Grundy A, Lee DG, Lai AS, Kobayashi LC, Richardson H, Long J, Zheng W, Aronson KJ, Spinelli JJ, Brooks-Wilson AR. Genetic variants in genes related to inflammation, apoptosis and autophagy in breast cancer risk. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0209010. [PMID: 30601841 PMCID: PMC6314637 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0209010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation contributes to breast cancer development through its effects on cell damage. This damage is usually dealt with by key genes involved in apoptosis and autophagy pathways. METHODS We tested 206 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 54 genes related to inflammation, apoptosis and autophagy in a population-based breast cancer study of women of European (658 cases and 795 controls) and East Asian (262 cases and 127 controls) descent. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios for breast cancer risk, and case-only analysis to compare breast cancer subtypes (defined by ER/PR/HER2 status), with adjustment for confounders. We assessed statistical interactions between the SNPs and lifestyle factors (smoking status, physical activity and body mass index). RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Although no SNP was associated with breast cancer risk among women of European descent, we found evidence for an association among East Asians for rs1800925 (IL-13) and breast cancer risk (OR = 2.08; 95% CI: 1.32-3.28; p = 0.000779), which remained statistically significant after multiple testing correction (padj = 0.0350). This association was replicated in a meta-analysis of 4305 cases and 4194 controls in the Shanghai Breast Cancer Genetics Study (OR 1.12, 95% CI: 1.03-1.21, p = 0.011). Further, we found evidence of an interaction between rs7874234 (TSC1) and physical activity among women of East Asian descent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johanna M. Schuetz
- Canada’s Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Anne Grundy
- CRCHUM (Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal), Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Derrick G. Lee
- Department of Cancer Control Research, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Mathematics, Statistics, and Computer Science, St. Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, NS, Canada
| | - Agnes S. Lai
- Department of Cancer Control Research, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Lindsay C. Kobayashi
- Harvard Center for Population and Development Studies, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Cambridge, MA, United States of America
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Harriet Richardson
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
- Division of Cancer Care and Epidemiology, Cancer Research Institute, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Jirong Long
- Vanderbilt Epidemiology Centre, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States of America
| | - Wei Zheng
- Vanderbilt Epidemiology Centre, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States of America
| | - Kristan J. Aronson
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
- Division of Cancer Care and Epidemiology, Cancer Research Institute, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - John J. Spinelli
- Department of Cancer Control Research, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Angela R. Brooks-Wilson
- Canada’s Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Skolariki K, Avramouli A. The Use of Translational Research Platforms in Clinical and Biomedical Data Exploration. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 988:301-311. [PMID: 28971409 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-56246-9_25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The rise of precision medicine combined with the variety of biomedical data sources and their heterogeneous nature make the integration and exploration of information that they retain more complicated. In light of these issues, translational research platforms were developed as a promising solution. Research centers have used translational tools for the study of integrated data for hypothesis development and validation, cohort discovery and data-exploration. For this article, we reviewed the literature in order to determine the use of translational research platforms in precision medicine. These tools are used to support scientists in various domains regarding precision medicine research. We identified eight platforms: BRISK, iCOD, iDASH, tranSMART, the recently developed OncDRS, as well as caTRIP, cBio Cancer Portal and G-DOC. The last four platforms explore multidimensional data specifically for cancer research. We focused on tranSMART, for it is the most broadly used platform, since its development in 2012.
Collapse
|
4
|
PIK3CD promoted proliferation in diffuse large B cell lymphoma through upregulation of c-myc. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:12767-12777. [PMID: 27448819 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-5225-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite PIK3CD has been extensively reported in cancers, however, little evidence has been available regarding its role in the setting of diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL). In the present study, to investigate the role of PIK3CD in DLBCL, relevant experiments were carried out on both in vivo clinical tissue level and in vitro cell line level. Prognostic and clinicopathological significance were analyzed after immunohistochemical assay of PIK3CD expression on DLBCL tissue microarray. MTT assay and flow cytometry were employed to evaluate the proliferative variation, cell cycle, and apoptosis. Athymic nude mice xenografted with DLBCL cell line were employed to confirm the role of PIK3CD. It was found that there was a significant difference between expression of PIK3CD and international prognosis index (IPI), performance state (PS), and inferior overall prognosis. Furthermore, PIK3CD can promote proliferation and prevent apoptosis in DLBCL cells in vitro through upregulation of c-myc and p-AKT and in contrast downregulation of p21 and p27. In nude mice model, knock-down of PIK3CD was shown to be able to suppress the proliferation of DLBCL but not significantly compared with control group. Taken together, our study showed that PIK3CD can promote proliferation of DLBCL cells both in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that PIK3CD could be druggable in the therapy of DLBCL.
Collapse
|
5
|
Nielsen KR, Steffensen R, Haunstrup TM, Bødker JS, Dybkær K, Baech J, Bøgsted M, Johnsen HE. Inherited variation in immune response genes in follicular lymphoma and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Leuk Lymphoma 2015; 56:3257-66. [PMID: 26044172 DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2015.1058936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and follicular lymphoma (FL) both depend on immune-mediated survival and proliferation signals from the tumor microenvironment. Inherited genetic variation influences this complex interaction. A total of 89 studies investigating immune-response genes in DLBCL and FL were critically reviewed. Relatively consistent association exists for variation in the tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFA) and interleukin-10 loci and DLBCL risk; for DLBCL outcome association with the TNFA locus exists. Variations at chromosome 6p31-32 were associated with FL risk. Importantly, individual risk alleles have been shown to interact with each other. We suggest that the pathogenetic impact of polymorphic genes should include gene-gene interaction analysis and should be validated in preclinical model systems of normal B lymphopoiesis and B-cell malignancies. In the future, large cohort studies of interactions and genome-wide association studies are needed to extend the present findings and explore new risk alleles to be studied in preclinical models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rudi Steffensen
- a Department of Clinical Immunology , Aalborg University Hospital , Denmark
| | | | | | - Karen Dybkær
- b Department of Haematology , Aalborg University Hospital.,c Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital , Denmark and Department of Clinical Medicine , Aalborg University , Denmark
| | - John Baech
- a Department of Clinical Immunology , Aalborg University Hospital , Denmark
| | - Martin Bøgsted
- b Department of Haematology , Aalborg University Hospital.,c Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital , Denmark and Department of Clinical Medicine , Aalborg University , Denmark
| | - Hans Erik Johnsen
- b Department of Haematology , Aalborg University Hospital.,c Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital , Denmark and Department of Clinical Medicine , Aalborg University , Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hazarika M, Iqbal A, Krishnatreya M, Sharma JD, Bhuyan C, Saikia BJ, Roy PS, Das R, Nandy P, Kataki AC. Adult non Hodgkin's lymphoma patients: experience from a tertiary care cancer centre in north east India. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 16:2879-81. [PMID: 25854376 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.7.2879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
There is paucity of data on non Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) from our population in North-East India. In this retrospective study, patients were consecutively followed-up to see the clinic-pathological pattern of NHL, various responses, and pattern of relapses to first line treatment with chemotherapy. All patients in the present study received standard regimen of cyclophosphamde, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisolone (CHOP) with or without rituximab (R-CHOP) as per our institutional protocol as first line therapy. Our study has shown that, in our adult population, the majority of NHL cases present with stage II and stage III disease and extra nodal involvement, B-cell lymphomas and diffuse large cell lymphomas being the most common subtypes. International prognostic index was a significant factor for varied responses to treatment. The majority of relapses after complete remission occurred in the first year.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Munlima Hazarika
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dr. B Borooah Cancer Institute, Guwahati, India E-mail :
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ding D, Chen W, Zhang C, Chen Z, Jiang Y, Yang Z, Jiang X, Zuo Y, Ren S. Low expression of dendritic cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3-grabbing nonintegrin in non-Hodgkin lymphoma and a significant correlation with β2-microglobulin. Med Oncol 2014; 31:202. [PMID: 25182705 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-014-0202-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2014] [Accepted: 08/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3-grabbing nonintegrin (DC-SIGN), a member of the C-type lectin superfamily, has been reported to bind to various pathogens and several tumor cells and to participate in immunoregulation. It is still unclear whether there is a significant association between the level of DC-SIGN and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). To investigate the clinical diagnostic significance of DC-SIGN in NHL, we conducted a study with 52 NHL patients and 104 healthy individuals. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and tissue microarray technology were utilized for the analysis. The serum sDC-SIGN levels in the NHL patients were significantly lower than those in the healthy controls (P=0.0019). A cutoff value of 1.499 µg/ml for sDC-SIGN predicted the presence of NHL with 78.85% sensitivity and 53.85% specificity [area under the curve (AUC)=0.6531, P=0.0019]. The serum sDC-SIGN levels in NHL patients were also significantly correlated with β2-microglobulin (P=0.0062). Moreover, tissue microarray analysis demonstrated that the expression of DC-SIGN in the lymph nodes or tissues of 96 NHL patients was significantly lower than that in 18 normal lymph nodes (P<0.0001). However, the expression of DC-SIGN in NHL displayed no significant correlation with the expression of CD20 or CD79a. In conclusion, DC-SIGN may be a promising biological molecule for clinical research on NHL, whereas the underlying roles need to be investigated in additional studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongbing Ding
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wang Y, Huang Y, Xu X, Tang J, Huang X, Zhu J, Liu J, Miao X, Wu Y, Yang F, Ji L, He S. Expression of small glutamine-rich TPR-containing protein A (SGTA) in Non-Hodgkin's Lymphomas promotes tumor proliferation and reverses cell adhesion-mediated drug resistance (CAM-DR). Leuk Res 2014; 38:955-63. [PMID: 24974147 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2014.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2013] [Revised: 05/09/2014] [Accepted: 05/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The expression and biologic function of SGTA in Non-Hodgkin's Lymphomas (NHL) was investigated in this study. Clinically, by immunohistochemistry analysis we detected SGTA expression in both reactive lymphoid tissues and NHL tissues. In addition, we also correlated high expression of SGTA with poor prognosis. Functionally, SGTA expression was positively related with cell proliferation and negative related with cell adhesion. Finally, SGTA knockdown induced adhesion-mediated drug resistance. Our finding supports a role of SGTA in NHL cell proliferation, adhesion and drug resistance, and it may pave the way for a novel therapeutic approach for CAM-DR in NHL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuchan Wang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226361, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuejiao Huang
- Department of Pathology, Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaohong Xu
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226361, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Tang
- Department of Pathology, Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xianting Huang
- Department of Pathology, Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Junya Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Pathology, Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaobing Miao
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226361, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yaxun Wu
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226361, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lili Ji
- Department of Pathology, Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Song He
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226361, Jiangsu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Evaluation diagnostic usefulness of immunoglobulin light chains (Igκ, Igλ) and incomplete IGH D-J clonal gene rearrangements in patients with B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas using BIOMED-2 protocol. Clin Transl Oncol 2014; 16:1006-11. [PMID: 24862097 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-014-1188-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2014] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Evaluation diagnostic usefulness of immunoglobulin light chains (Igκ, Igλ) and incomplete IGH D-J clonal gene rearrangements in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue of patients with B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas (B-NHL). MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was performed on samples from 70 patients with B-NHL, including two cases of follicular lymphoma (FL), 20 cases of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), one case of mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), and 47 cases of B-cell neoplasm (non-classified), which had been previously assessed for complete IGH clonality, and failure to clarify gene rearrangements. We used a gold standard multiplex PCR protocol provided by European Biomedicine and Health (BIOMED-2) Concerted Action Project BMH4-CT98-3936 for improvement of diagnosis and analysis of clonality gene rearrangement in lymphoma malignancies. RESULTS Our results revealed a total positive monoclonality of 89 % (62/70) in Igκ, Igλ, and 11.4 % (8/70) polyclonality in gene rearrangements assay. The samples with positive clonality consisting (Igκ: 45 %, Igλ: 55 %) in DLBCL, (Igκ: 100 %) in FL, (Igλ: 100 %) in MCL, and (Igκ: 47 %, Igλ: 36 %) in B-cell neoplasm non-classified. None of the incomplete IGH D-J immunoglobulin gene families (0 %) showed monoclonality, and all samples demonstrated polyclonality pattern. CONCLUSIONS Our findings on FFPE tissue revealed that immunoglobulin light chains clonality gene rearrangements assays using BIOMED-2 protocol, could be considered a valuable and reliable method for clonality detection, particularly in cases of failure of complete IGH gene rearrangements analysis. Clonal Ig gene rearrangements assay is applicable for routine diagnostic testing of lymphoproliferative disorders and as a reliable method for differentiating between malignant and benign lymphoma disorders.
Collapse
|