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Domozych DS, Kozel L, Palacio-Lopez K. The effects of osmotic stress on the cell wall-plasma membrane domains of the unicellular streptophyte, Penium margaritaceum. PROTOPLASMA 2021; 258:1231-1249. [PMID: 33928433 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-021-01644-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Penium margaritaceum is a unicellular zygnematophyte (basal Streptophyteor Charophyte) that has been used as a model organism for the study of cell walls of Streptophytes and for elucidating organismal adaptations that were key in the evolution of land plants.. When Penium is incubated in sorbitol-enhance medium, i.e., hyperosmotic medium, 1000-1500 Hechtian strands form within minutes and connect the plasma membrane to the cell wall. As cells acclimate to this osmotic stress over time, further significant changes occur at the cell wall and plasma membrane domains. The homogalacturonan lattice of the outer cell wall layer is significantly reduced and is accompanied by the formation of a highly elongate, "filamentous" phenotype. Distinct peripheral thickenings appear between the CW and plasma membrane and contain membranous components and a branched granular matrix. Monoclonal antibody labeling of these thickenings indicates the presence of rhamnogalacturonan-I epitopes. Acclimatization also results in the proliferation of the cell's vacuolar networks and macroautophagy. Penium's ability to acclimatize to osmotic stress offers insight into the transition of ancient zygnematophytes from an aquatic to terrestrial existence.
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Affiliation(s)
- David S Domozych
- Department of Biology and Skidmore Microscopy Imaging Center, Skidmore College, Saratoga Springs, NY, 12866, USA.
| | - Li Kozel
- Department of Biology and Skidmore Microscopy Imaging Center, Skidmore College, Saratoga Springs, NY, 12866, USA
| | - Kattia Palacio-Lopez
- Department of Evolution, Ecology and Organismal Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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Lipowczan M, Pietruszka M. Frequency-associated transition from single-cell asynchronous motion to monotonic growth. J Biol Phys 2017; 43:461-470. [PMID: 28900825 PMCID: PMC5696300 DOI: 10.1007/s10867-017-9462-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper presents a Fourier analysis of the Ortega equation that examines the growth dynamics of plants, specifically the pollen tubes or non-meristematic zones of elongating coleoptiles. A frequency-induced transition from highly nonlinear (periodical) growth-like the one observed in pollen tubes-to monotonically ascending and asymptotically saturated (sigmoid-like) growth, which is anticipated within the framework of a 'two-fluid model', is shown. A dynamic phase diagram is calculated and presented in the form of a live video clip.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Lipowczan
- Faculty of Biology and Environment Protection, Biophysics and Morphogenesis of Plants, University of Silesia, Jagiellońska 28, 40032, Katowice, Poland
| | - Mariusz Pietruszka
- Faculty of Biology and Environment Protection, Plant Physiology, University of Silesia, Jagiellońska 28, 40032, Katowice, Poland.
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Liu S, Liu H, Feng S, Lin M, Xu F, Lu TJ. Fountain streaming contributes to fast tip-growth through regulating the gradients of turgor pressure and concentration in pollen tubes. SOFT MATTER 2017; 13:2919-2927. [PMID: 28352884 DOI: 10.1039/c6sm01915c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Fountain streaming is a typical microfluidic pattern in plant cells, especially for cells with a high aspect ratio such as pollen tubes. Although it has been found that fountain streaming plays crucial roles in the transport of nutrients and metabolites, the positioning of organelles and the mixing of cytoplasms, its implications for the fast tip growth of pollen tubes remain a mystery. To address this, based on the observations of asiatic lily Lilium Casablanca, we developed physical models for reverse fountain streaming in pollen tubes and solved the hydrodynamics and advection-diffusion dynamics of viscous Stokes flow in the shank and apical region of pollen tubes. Theoretical and numerical results demonstrated that the gradients of turgor pressure and concentration of wall materials along the length of pollen tubes provide undamped driving force and high-efficiency materials supply, which are supposed to contribute to the fast tip-growth of pollen tubes. The sample experimental results show that the tip-growth will be abnormal when the gradients of turgor pressure change under osmotic stress induced by different concentrations of PEG-6000 (a dehydrant).
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Affiliation(s)
- ShaoBao Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures, School of Aerospace, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China. and Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China.
| | - Han Liu
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China. and MOE Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China
| | - ShangSheng Feng
- State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures, School of Aerospace, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China. and Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China.
| | - Min Lin
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China. and MOE Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China
| | - Feng Xu
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China. and MOE Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China
| | - Tian Jian Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures, School of Aerospace, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China. and Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China.
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