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Shan Y, Zhang D, Luo Z, Li T, Qu H, Duan X, Jiang Y. Advances in chilling injury of postharvest fruit and vegetable: Extracellular ATP aspects. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2022; 21:4251-4273. [PMID: 35876655 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Due to the global use of cold chain, the development of postharvest technology to reduce chilling injury (CI) in postharvest fruits and vegetables during storage and transport is needed urgently. Considerable evidence shows that maintaining intracellular adenosine triphosphate (iATP) in harvested fruits and vegetables is beneficial to inhibiting CI occurrence. Extracellular ATP (eATP) is a damage-associated signal molecule and plays an important role in CI of postharvest fruits and vegetables through its receptor and subsequent signal transduction under low-temperature stress. The development of new aptasensors for the simultaneous determination of eATP level allows for better understanding of the roles of eATP in a myriad of responses mediated by low-temperature stress in relation to the chilling tolerance of postharvest fruits and vegetables. The multiple biological functions of eATP and its receptors in postharvest fruits and vegetables were attributed to interactions with reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) in coordination with phytohormones and other signaling molecules via downstream physiological activities. The complicated interconnection among eATP in relation to its receptors, eATP/iATP homeostasis, ROS, NO, and heat shock proteins triggered by eATP recognition has been emphasized. This paper reviews recent advances in the beneficial effects of energy handling, outlines the production and homeostasis of eATP, discusses the possible mechanism of eATP and its receptors in chilling tolerance, and provides future research directions for CI in postharvest fruits and vegetables during low-temperature storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youxia Shan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dandan Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zisheng Luo
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Taotao Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongxia Qu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuewu Duan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yueming Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Güner D, Şener BB, Bayraç C. Label free detection of auramine O by G-quadruplex-based fluorescent turn-on strategy. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 267:120532. [PMID: 34776374 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.120532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Auramine o (AO) is a synthetic dye used in paper and textile industries. Although it has been an unauthorized food additive in many countries due to its toxic and carcinogenic possibility, its illegal uses have been detected in certain food products such as pasta, semolina and spices and also in pharmaceuticals. The presence of AO in food products should be monitored, therefore, to minimize the negative health effects on consumers. In this study, a simple, highly sensitive and selective label free detection method was investigated for AO by G-quadruplex-based fluorescent turn-on strategy. The optimum fluorescent detection assay was achieved with a specific G-quadruplex DNA sequence, c-myc, at 400 nM in Tris-HCl buffer at pH 7.4. The linearity of fluorescence intensity depending on AO concentration ranged from 0 to 0.07 µM and LOD and LOQ were 3 nM and 10 nM, respectively. The G-quadruplex-based detection assay was highly specific for AO as compared to other two synthetic food colorings and successfully applied to determine AO in pasta, bulgur and curry powder with recoveries in the range from 70.33% to 106.49%. This G-quadruplex-based label free detection assay has a significant potential to be used in the detection of AO in food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilan Güner
- Department of Bioengineering, Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University, Karaman, Turkey
| | | | - Ceren Bayraç
- Department of Bioengineering, Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University, Karaman, Turkey.
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Kim NH, Kim BW, Moon H, Yoo H, Kang RH, Hur JK, Oh Y, Kim BM, Kim D. AIEgen-based nanoprobe for the ATP sensing and imaging in cancer cells and embryonic stem cells. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1152:338269. [PMID: 33648642 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A turn-on fluorescent nanoprobe (named AAP-1), based on an aggregation-induced emission luminogen (AIEgen), is disclosed for the detection of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which is an essential element in the biological system. Organic fluorophore (named TPE-TA) consists of tetraphenylethylene (TPE, sensing and signaling moiety) and mono-triamine (TA, sensing moiety), and it forms an aggregated form in aqueous media as a nanoprobe AAP-1. The nanoprobe AAP-1 has multiple electrostatic interactions as well as hydrophobic interactions with ATP, and it displays superior selectivity toward ATP, reliable sensitivity, with a detection limit around 0.275 ppb, and fast responsive (signal within 10 s). Such a fluorescent probe to monitor ATP has been actively pursued throughout fundamental and translational research areas. In vitro assay and a successful cellular ATP imaging application was demonstrated in cancer cells and embryonic stem cells. We expect that our work warrants further ATP-related studies throughout a variety of fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Hee Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong Wook Kim
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Heechang Moon
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Hajung Yoo
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Rae Hyung Kang
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Junho K Hur
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea; Department of Genetics, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yohan Oh
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
| | - B Moon Kim
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Dokyoung Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea; Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea; Center for Converging Humanities, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea; Medical Research Center for Bioreaction to Reactive Oxygen Species and Biomedical Science Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
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Huang B, Geng Z, Yan S, Li Z, Cai J, Wang Z. Water-Soluble Conjugated Polymer as a Fluorescent Probe for Monitoring Adenosine Triphosphate Level Fluctuation in Cell Membranes during Cell Apoptosis and in Vivo. Anal Chem 2017; 89:8816-8821. [PMID: 28752761 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b01212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is used as the energy source in cells and plays crucial roles in various cellular events. The cellular membrane is the protective barrier for the cytoplasm of living cells and involved in many essential biological processes. Many fluorescent probes for ATP have been successfully developed, but few of these probes were appropriate for visualizing ATP level fluctuation in cell membranes during the apoptotic cell death process. Herein, we report the synthesis of a new water-soluble cationic polythiophene derivative that can be utilized as a fluorescent sensor for detecting ATP in cell membranes. Poly((3-((4-methylthiophen-3-yl)oxy)propyl)triphenylphosphonium chloride) (PMTPP) exhibits high sensitivity and good selectivity to ATP, and the detection limit is 27 nM. The polymer shows low toxicity to live cells and excellent photostability in cell membranes. PMTPP was practically utilized for real-time monitoring of ATP levels in the cell membrane through fluorescence microscopy. We have demonstrated that the ATP levels in cell membranes increased during the apoptotic cell death process. The probe was also capable of imaging ATP levels in living mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binghuan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructure, Nanjing University , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China
| | - Zhirong Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructure, Nanjing University , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China
| | - Shihai Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructure, Nanjing University , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China
| | - Zan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructure, Nanjing University , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China
| | - Jun Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructure, Nanjing University , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China
| | - Zhilin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructure, Nanjing University , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China
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Bahreyni A, Yazdian-Robati R, Ramezani M, Rasouli M, Alinezhad Nameghi M, Alibolandi M, Abnous K, Taghdisi SM. Identification and imaging of leukemia cells using dual-aptamer-functionalized graphene oxide complex. J Biomater Appl 2017; 32:74-81. [PMID: 28549385 DOI: 10.1177/0885328217712111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia is the most common malignancy in children. Patient improvement completely depends on the diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. So there is a great demand for diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. In this study, a novel assay based on dual-aptamer (Sgc8c and ATP aptamers)-functionalized graphene oxide (DAFGO) complex was designed for the identification of Molt-4 cells (human acute lymphoblastic leukemia T-cell). This assay relies on the internalization of DAFGO complex into Molt-4 cells, but not into U266 cells, using Sgc8c aptamer as molecular recognition probe, and release of FAM-labeled ATP aptamer from the complex in the presence of high amounts of ATP in lysosome, leading to a strong fluorescence emission. Formation of DAFGO complex was analyzed by fluorometric analysis and gel retardation assay. The internalization of complex was monitored by flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy in Molt-4 (target) and U266 cells (nontarget) with DAFGO complex. Our results showed that the developed complex was efficiently internalized into target cells and induced a strong fluorescence emission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirhossein Bahreyni
- 1 Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunogenetic Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Rezvan Yazdian-Robati
- 2 Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ramezani
- 3 Nanotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mehdi Rasouli
- 1 Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunogenetic Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran
| | | | - Mona Alibolandi
- 5 Pharmaceutical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Khalil Abnous
- 5 Pharmaceutical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,6 Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Taghdisi
- 7 Targeted Drug Delivery Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Ng S, Lim HS, Ma Q, Gao Z. Optical Aptasensors for Adenosine Triphosphate. Theranostics 2016; 6:1683-702. [PMID: 27446501 PMCID: PMC4955066 DOI: 10.7150/thno.15850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nucleic acids are among the most researched and applied biomolecules. Their diverse two- and three-dimensional structures in conjunction with their robust chemistry and ease of manipulation provide a rare opportunity for sensor applications. Moreover, their high biocompatibility has seen them being used in the construction of in vivo assays. Various nucleic acid-based devices have been extensively studied as either the principal element in discrete molecule-like sensors or as the main component in the fabrication of sensing devices. The use of aptamers in sensors - aptasensors, in particular, has led to improvements in sensitivity, selectivity, and multiplexing capacity for a wide verity of analytes like proteins, nucleic acids, as well as small biomolecules such as glucose and adenosine triphosphate (ATP). This article reviews the progress in the use of aptamers as the principal component in sensors for optical detection of ATP with an emphasis on sensing mechanism, performance, and applications with some discussion on challenges and perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Zhiqiang Gao
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543
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Pfeiffer F, Mayer G. Selection and Biosensor Application of Aptamers for Small Molecules. Front Chem 2016; 4:25. [PMID: 27379229 PMCID: PMC4908669 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2016.00025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Small molecules play a major role in the human body and as drugs, toxins, and chemicals. Tools to detect and quantify them are therefore in high demand. This review will give an overview about aptamers interacting with small molecules and their selection. We discuss the current state of the field, including advantages as well as problems associated with their use and possible solutions to tackle these. We then discuss different kinds of small molecule aptamer-based sensors described in literature and their applications, ranging from detecting drinking water contaminations to RNA imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Pfeiffer
- Department of Chemical Biology, Life and Medical Sciences Institute, University of Bonn Bonn, Germany
| | - Günter Mayer
- Department of Chemical Biology, Life and Medical Sciences Institute, University of Bonn Bonn, Germany
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Huang BH, Geng ZR, Ma XY, Zhang C, Zhang ZY, Wang ZL. Lysosomal ATP imaging in living cells by a water-soluble cationic polythiophene derivative. Biosens Bioelectron 2016; 83:213-20. [PMID: 27131993 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2016.04.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Revised: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Lysosomes in astrocytes and microglia can release ATP as the signaling molecule for the cells through ca(2+)-dependent exocytosis in response to various stimuli. At present, fluorescent probes that can detect ATP in lysosomes have not been reported. In this work, we have developed a new water-soluble cationic polythiophene derivative that can be specifically localized in lysosomes and can be utilized as a fluorescent probe to sense ATP in cells. PEMTEI exhibits high selectivity and sensitivity to ATP at physiological pH values and the detection limit of ATP is as low as 10(-11)M. The probe has low cytotoxicity, good permeability and high photostability in living cells and has been applied successfully to real-time monitoring of the change in concentrations of ATP in lysosomes though fluorescence microscopy. We also demonstrated that lysosomes in Hela cells can release ATP through Ca(2+)-dependent exocytosis in response to drug stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing-Huan Huang
- State key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China
| | - Zhi-Rong Geng
- State key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China.
| | - Xiao-Yan Ma
- State key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China
| | - Cui Zhang
- State key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China
| | - Zhi-Yang Zhang
- State key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China
| | - Zhi-Lin Wang
- State key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China.
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Lu L, Zhong HJ, He B, Leung CH, Ma DL. Development of a luminescent G-quadruplex-selective iridium(III) complex for the label-free detection of adenosine. Sci Rep 2016; 6:19368. [PMID: 26778273 PMCID: PMC4726048 DOI: 10.1038/srep19368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
A panel of six luminescent iridium(III) complexes were synthesized and evaluated for their ability to act as G-quadruplex-selective probes. The novel iridium(III) complex 1 was found to be highly selective for G-quadruplex DNA, and was employed for the construction of a label-free G-quadruplex-based adenosine detection assay in aqueous solution. Two different detection strategies were investigated for adenosine detection, and the results showed that initial addition of adenosine to the adenosine aptamer gave superior results. The assay exhibited a linear response for adenosine in the concentration range of 5 to 120 μM (R(2) = 0.992), and the limit of detection for adenosine was 5 μM. Moreover, this assay was highly selective for adenosine over other nucleosides, and exhibited potential use for biological sample analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Lu
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hai-Jing Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Bingyong He
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chung-Hang Leung
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Dik-Lung Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
- Partner State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
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Recent Developments in G-Quadruplex Probes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 22:812-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2015.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Revised: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Ma DL, Chan DSH, Leung CH. Group 9 organometallic compounds for therapeutic and bioanalytical applications. Acc Chem Res 2014; 47:3614-31. [PMID: 25369127 DOI: 10.1021/ar500310z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
CONSPECTUS: Compared with organic small molecules, metal complexes offer several distinct advantages as therapeutic agents or biomolecular probes. Carbon atoms are typically limited to linear, trigonal planar, or tetrahedral geometries, with a maximum of two enantiomers being formed if four different substituents are attached to a single carbon. In contrast, an octahedral metal center with six different substituents can display up to 30 different stereoisomers. While platinum- and ruthenium-based anticancer agents have attracted significant attention in the realm of inorganic medicinal chemistry over the past few decades, group 9 complexes (i.e., iridium and rhodium) have garnered increased attention in therapeutic and bioanalytical applications due to their adjustable reactivity (from kinetically liable to substitutionally inert), high water solubility, stability to air and moisture, and relative ease of synthesis. In this Account, we describe our efforts in the development of group 9 organometallic compounds of general form [M(C(∧)N)2(N(∧)N)] (where M = Ir, Rh) as therapeutic agents against distinct biomolecular targets and as luminescent probes for the construction of oligonucleotide-based assays for a diverse range of analytes. Earlier studies by researchers had focused on organometallic iridium(III) and rhodium(III) half-sandwich complexes that show promising anticancer activity, although their precise mechanisms of action still remain unknown. More recently, kinetically-inert group 9 complexes have arisen as fascinating alternatives to organic small molecules for the specific targeting of enzyme activity. Research in our laboratory has shown that cyclometalated octahedral rhodium(III) complexes were active against Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) or NEDD8-activating enzyme (NAE) activity, or against NO production leading to antivasculogenic activity in cellulo. At the same time, recent interest in the development of small molecules as modulators of protein-protein interactions has stimulated our research group to investigate whether kinetically-inert metal complexes could also be used to target protein-protein interfaces relevant to the pathogenesis of certain diseases. We have recently discovered that cyclometalated octahedral iridium(III) and rhodium(III) complexes bearing C(∧)N ligands based on 2-phenylpyridine could function as modulators of protein-protein interactions, such as TNF-α, STAT3, and mTOR. One rhodium(III) complex antagonized STAT3 activity in vitro and in vivo and displayed potent antitumor activity in a mouse xenograft model of melanoma. Notably, these studies were among the first to demonstrate the direct inhibition of protein-protein interfaces by kinetically-inert group 9 metal complexes. Additionally, we have discovered that group 9 solvato complexes carrying 2-phenylpyridine coligands could function as inhibitors and probes of β-amyloid fibrillogenesis. Meanwhile, the rich photophysical properties of iridium complexes have made them popular tools for the design of luminescent labels and probes. Luminescent iridium(III) complexes benefit from a high quantum yield, responsive emissive properties, long-lived phosphorescence lifetimes, and large Stokes shift values. Over the past few years, our group has developed a number of kinetically-inert, organometallic iridium(III) complexes bearing various C(∧)N and N(∧)N ligands that are selective for G-quadruplex DNA, which is a DNA secondary structure formed from planar stacks of guanine tetrads stabilized by Hoogsteen hydrogen bonding. These complexes were then employed to develop G-quadruplex-based, label-free luminescence switch-on assays for nucleic acids, enzyme activity, small molecules, and metal ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dik-Lung Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Daniel Shiu-Hin Chan
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chung-Hang Leung
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine Institute
of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
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Ma DL, He HZ, Zhong HJ, Lin S, Chan DSH, Wang L, Lee SMY, Leung CH, Wong CY. Visualization of Zn²⁺ ions in live zebrafish using a luminescent iridium(III) chemosensor. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:14008-14015. [PMID: 25051997 DOI: 10.1021/am504369b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A novel luminescent cyclometalated iridium(III) complex-based chemosensor (1) bearing a zinc-specific receptor, tris(2-pyridylmethyl)amine, and the 3-phenyl-1H-pyrazole ligand has been designed and synthesized. Upon the addition of Zn(2+) ions to a solution of iridium(III) complex 1, a pronounced luminescence color change from blue to green can be observed, which may be attributed to the suppression of photoinduced electron transfer upon complexation of complex 1 with Zn(2+) ions. The interaction of iridium(III) complex 1 with Zn(2+) ions was investigated by UV-vis absorption titration, emission titration, and (1)H NMR titration. Furthermore, the iridium(III) complex 1 exhibited good selectivity for Zn(2+) over 13 other common metal ions, including K(+), Ag(+), Na(+), Ni(2+), Fe(3+), Hg(2+), Cd(2+), Mg(2+), Ca(2+), Cu(2+), Mn(2+), Co(2+), and Pb(2+) ions. The practical application of the iridium(III) complex 1 in visualizing intracellular Zn(2+) distribution in live zebrafish was also demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dik-Lung Ma
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Partner State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Hong Kong Baptist University , Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
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Zhu J, Zhang L, Zhou Z, Dong S, Wang E. Aptamer-based sensing platform using three-way DNA junction-driven strand displacement and its application in DNA logic circuit. Anal Chem 2013; 86:312-6. [PMID: 24308699 DOI: 10.1021/ac403235y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
We proposed a new three-way DNA junction-driven strand displacement mode and fabricated an aptamer-based label-free fluorescent sensing platform on the basis of this mechanism. Assembling the aptamer sequence into the three-way DNA junction makes the platform sensitive to the target of the aptamer. A label-free signal readout method, split G-quadruplex enhanced fluorescence of protoporphyrin IX (PPIX), was used to report the final signal. Here, adenosine triphosphatase (ATP) was taken as a model and detected through this approach, and DNA strand could also be detected by it. The mechanism was investigated by native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Furthermore, on the basis of this molecular platform, we built a logic circuit with ATP and DNA strands as input. Aptamer played an important role in mediating the small molecule ATP to tune the DNA logic gate. Through altering the aptamer sequence, this molecular platform will be sensitive to various stimuli and applied in a wide field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinbo Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun, Jilin 130022, P. R. China
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