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Diehl B, Hansmann F. Immune checkpoint regulation is critically involved in canine cutaneous histiocytoma regression. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1371931. [PMID: 38962703 PMCID: PMC11220128 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1371931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Canine cutaneous histiocytoma (CCH) is a benign tumor frequently occurring in young dogs which is derived from Langerhans cells (LC). Distinguishing features of this tumor are its spontaneous regression following a rapid tumor growth. Impaired control of immune checkpoints during tumor development and progression is a widespread phenomenon which may result in an absent or ineffective immune response. The interaction between the inflammatory response and the expression of immune checkpoint molecules is only partially described in this tumor type. The aim of this study was to identify immune checkpoint molecules and molecules from the interferon-mediated immune response that are involved in the regression of CCH. Methods Forty-eight CCH derived from dogs ≤ 4 years of age were assigned to one of four groups according to the severity and distribution of lymphocyte infiltration. Using immunohistochemistry and whole-slide image scans of consecutive sections the expression of programmed death protein ligand 1 (PD-L1), CD80, CD86, Survivin, forkhead box protein 3, Ki-67, cleaved caspase-3, CD3, and mx1 were investigated. RNA in-situ hybridization was performed for transcripts of mx1 and interferon-γ. Results Neoplastic cells showed an expression of PD-L1, CD80, CD86, and Survivin. The density of CD80 expressing cells was negatively correlated with regression while the density of cleaved caspase-3 positive cells increased with regression. Mx1 transcripts and protein were predominantly localized in neoplastic cells while interferon-γ transcripts were most frequently detected in T-cells. Conclusion The expression of the immune checkpoint molecules CD86 and PD-L1 and particularly the reduced expression of CD80 in groups 3 and 4 indicate an influence of the investigated immune checkpoints on tumor regression. In parallel an activation of the apoptotic cascade during regression is suggested. Finally, the detection of mx1 within the neoplasm pinpoints to a yet undisclosed role of anti-cellular signaling in tumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Florian Hansmann
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
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2
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Erich SA, Teske E. One Health: Therapies Targeting Genetic Variants in Human and Canine Histiocytic and Dendritic Cell Sarcomas. Vet Comp Oncol 2024. [PMID: 38867335 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
The precise cause of HS/DCS is still unknown. The relatively low incidence in humans urges for an animal model with a high incidence to accelerate knowledge about genetics and optimal treatment of HS/DCS. Namely, until now, the therapies targeting genetic variants are still more experimental and sparsely used, while consensus is missing. In addition, the literature about variants and possible mutation-targeted therapies in humans and dogs consists mainly of case reports scattered throughout the literature. Therefore, an overview is provided of all currently known genetic variants in humans and dogs with HS/DCS and its subtypes, their possible mutation-targeted therapies, their efficacy, and a contemplation about the future. Several genetic variants have already been discovered in HS/DCS, of which many are shared between canine and human HS/DCS, but unique variants exist as well. Unfortunately, none of these already found variants seem to be specifically causal for HS/DCS, and the puzzle of its landscape of genetic variation is far from complete. The use of mutation-targeted therapies, including MAPK-/MEK-inhibitors and the future use of PTPN11-, CDK4/6- and PD-1-inhibitors, seems to be promising for these specific variants, but clearly, clinical trials are needed to determine optimal inhibitors and standardised protocols for all variants. It can be concluded that molecular analysis for variants and subsequent mutation-targeted therapy are an essential addition to cancer diagnostics and therapy. A joint effort of humans and dogs in research is urgently needed and will undoubtedly increase knowledge and survival of this devastating disease in dogs and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne Agnes Erich
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Erik Teske
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Estaller A, Kessler M, Wehrend A, Gessler F, Hirschberger J, Neumann S. Investigation of serum survivin in dogs suffering from cancer: a multicenter study. J Vet Sci 2021; 22:e79. [PMID: 34697925 PMCID: PMC8636654 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2021.22.e79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In contrast to human medicine, only a small number of serum tumor markers are established in veterinary medicine even though they are a non-invasive diagnostic tool. Objectives This study examined whether survivin could be suitable as a potential canine serum tumor marker. Methods This study measured the serum survivin concentrations of dogs with mammary tumors (n = 33), squamous cell carcinoma (n = 9), soft-tissue sarcoma (n = 18) and multicentric lymphoma (n = 22), using a commercially available, competitive immunoassay kit (BlueGene). The serum survivin concentrations were compared with those of a healthy control group (n = 20) and a control group of dogs with non-neoplastic diseases (n = 17). Results Dogs with malignant tumors had serum survivin concentrations between 15 and 5,906 pg/mL (median, 72 pg/mL), those in the healthy group ranged from 7 to 99 pg/mL (median, 21 pg/mL) and those in the group of dogs suffering from non-neoplastic diseases from 15 to 93 pg/mL (median, 42 pg/mL). The differences in the survivin concentrations between the healthy dogs and dogs with malignant tumors and between the dogs with non-neoplastic diseases and those with malignant tumors were significant (p < 0.001 and p = 0.006, respectively). Conclusions The serum survivin concentrations in dogs with malignant tumors, with some exceptions, are higher than in dogs with benign tumors and dogs that do not suffer from a malignancy. Therefore, survivin can provide information on the presence of malignant tumors and be used as a tumor marker in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annkathrin Estaller
- Small Animal Clinic, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Georg-August University of Göttingen, Göttingen 37077, Germany
| | - Martin Kessler
- Small Animal Clinic Hofheim, Hofheim am Taunus 65719, Germany
| | - Axel Wehrend
- Clinic of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Andrology of Large and Small Animals of the Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen 35392, Germany
| | | | - Johannes Hirschberger
- Clinic of Small Animal Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich 80539, Germany
| | - Stephan Neumann
- Small Animal Clinic, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Georg-August University of Göttingen, Göttingen 37077, Germany.
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Blake RR, Markby GR, Culshaw GJ, Martinez-Pereira Y, Lu CC, Corcoran BM. Survival of activated myofibroblasts in canine myxomatous mitral valve disease and the role of apoptosis. Res Vet Sci 2019; 128:99-106. [PMID: 31765842 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2019.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) is the single most important acquired cardiovascular disease of the dog. Much is known about the cellular changes and the contribution of activated myofibroblasts (valve interstitial cells (aVICs) to the valve extra-cellular matrix remodelling characteristic of the disease. However, little is known on how aVIC survival might contribute to disease pathogenesis. This study examined the temporal (disease severity-dependent) and spatial distribution of aVICs in MMVD valves, the expression of a range of apoptosis-related genes in cultured VICs from both normal (quiescent VIC (qVIC) and diseased (aVIC) valves, and the differential effects of doxorubicin treatment, as a trigger of apoptosis, on expression of the same genes. Activated myofibroblasts were identified in normal valves at the valve base only (the area closest to the annulus), and then became more numerous and apparent along the valve length as the disease progressed, with evidence of cell survival at the valve base. There were no significant differences in basal gene expression comparing qVICs and aVICs for CASP3, FAS, BID, BAX, BCL2, CASP8, DDIAS, XIAP and BIRC5. After doxorubicin treatment (2 mM) for 8 h there was significant difference (P < .05) in the expression of BID, BCL2, DDIAS, and CASP8, but when assessed for interactions using a mixed model ANOVA only CASP8 was significantly different because of treatment (P < .05). These data suggest aVIC survival in MMVD valves may be a consequence of heightened resistance of aVICs to apoptosis, but would require confirmation examining expression of the relevant proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel R Blake
- Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, Roslin, Mid-Lothian Scotland EH25 9RG, UK
| | - Greg R Markby
- Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, Roslin, Mid-Lothian Scotland EH25 9RG, UK
| | - Geoff J Culshaw
- Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, Roslin, Mid-Lothian Scotland EH25 9RG, UK
| | - Yolanda Martinez-Pereira
- Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, Roslin, Mid-Lothian Scotland EH25 9RG, UK
| | - Chi-Chien Lu
- Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, Roslin, Mid-Lothian Scotland EH25 9RG, UK
| | - Brendan M Corcoran
- Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, Roslin, Mid-Lothian Scotland EH25 9RG, UK.
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Abstract
Pet dogs are becoming increasingly recognized as a population with the potential to inform medical research through their treatment for a variety of maladies by veterinary health professionals. This is the basis of the One Health initiative, supporting the idea of collaboration between human and animal health researchers and clinicians to study spontaneous disease processes and treatment in animals to inform human health. Cancer is a major health burden in pet dogs, accounting for approximately 30% of deaths across breeds. As such, pet dogs with cancer are becoming increasingly recognized as a resource for studying the pharmacology and therapeutic potential of anticancer drugs and therapies under development. This was recently highlighted by a National Academy of Medicine Workshop on Comparative Oncology that took place in mid-2015 (http://www.nap.edu/21830). One component of cancer burden in dogs is their significantly higher incidence of sarcomas as compared to humans. This increased incidence led to canine osteosarcoma being an important component in the development of surgical approaches for osteosarcoma in children. Included in this review of sarcomas in dogs is a description of the incidence, pathology, molecular characteristics and previous translational therapeutic studies associated with these tumors. An understanding of the patho-physiological and molecular characteristics of these naturally occurring canine sarcomas holds great promise for effective incorporation into drug development schemas, for evaluation of target modulation or other pharmacodynamic measures associated with therapeutic response. These data could serve to supplement other preclinical data and bolster clinical investigations in tumor types for which there is a paucity of human patients for clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel L Gustafson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; Flint Animal Cancer Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; University of Colorado Cancer Center, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| | - Dawn L Duval
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; Flint Animal Cancer Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; University of Colorado Cancer Center, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Daniel P Regan
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; Flint Animal Cancer Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; University of Colorado Cancer Center, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Douglas H Thamm
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; Flint Animal Cancer Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; University of Colorado Cancer Center, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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Influence of a survivin suppressor YM155 on the chemoresistance of canine histiocytic sarcoma cells. Vet J 2015; 205:375-80. [PMID: 26048444 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2015.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Revised: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/02/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Histiocytic sarcoma (HS) in dogs exhibits aggressive biological behaviors and currently few effective treatments are available. Survivin could serve as a potential therapeutic target in several cancers. Sepantronium bromide (YM155) is a potential novel survivin-targeting agent and in this study the influence of survivin expression on clinical outcomes and the effects of YM155 on biological activities in HS cells were investigated. Specimens of HS dogs (n = 30) and four canine HS cell lines were used. The correlation between survivin expression and clinical outcome in the HS dogs was retrospectively assessed using quantitative PCR. Following YM155 treatment of cell lines, apoptosis, cell viability, and drug transporter activities were evaluated using annexin V staining, methylthiazole tetrazolium assays, and Hoechst-33342 staining, respectively. Elevated survivin expression in the HS dogs corresponded with reduced disease-free intervals and survival time, and increased chemoresistance, which led to poor clinical outcomes. Furthermore, YM155 treatment suppressed cell-growth and resistance to lomustine in HS cells by inhibiting the activity of ATP-binding cassette transporters. The evidence presented here supports favorable preclinical evaluation and indicates that survivin-targeted therapies might be effective against HS dogs.
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Asada H, Tomiyasu H, Goto-Koshino Y, Fujino Y, Ohno K, Tsujimoto H. Evaluation of the drug sensitivity and expression of 16 drug resistance-related genes in canine histiocytic sarcoma cell lines. J Vet Med Sci 2015; 77:677-84. [PMID: 25715778 PMCID: PMC4488404 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.14-0415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Canine histiocytic sarcoma (HS) is an aggressive tumor type originating from histiocytic
cell lineages. This disease is characterized by poor response to chemotherapy and short
survival time. Therefore, it is of critical importance to identify and develop effective
antitumor drugs against HS. The objectives of this study were to examine the drug
sensitivities of 10 antitumor drugs. Using a real-time RT-PCR system, the mRNA expression
levels of 16 genes related to drug resistance in 4 canine HS cell lines established from
dogs with disseminated HS were determined and compared to 2 canine lymphoma cell lines
(B-cell and T-cell). These 4 canine HS cell lines showed sensitivities toward microtubule
inhibitors (vincristine, vinblastine and paclitaxel), comparable to those in the canine
B-cell lymphoma cell line. Moreover, it was shown that P-gp in the HS cell lines used in
this study did not have enough function to efflux its substrate. Sensitivities to
melphalan, nimustine, methotrexate, cytarabine, doxorubicin and etoposide were lower in
the 4 HS cell lines than in the 2 canine lymphoma cell lines. The data obtained in this
study using cultured cell lines could prove helpful in the developing of advanced and
effective chemotherapies for treating dogs that are suffering from HS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajime Asada
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
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SiRNA knockdown of the DEK nuclear protein mRNA enhances apoptosis and chemosensitivity of canine transitional cell carcinoma cells. Vet J 2015; 204:60-5. [PMID: 25773167 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2015.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2014] [Revised: 02/02/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) in dogs is an aggressive malignant neoplasm, originating in the epithelium of the urinary bladder. The DEK nuclear protein is overexpressed in several types of human bladder cancer, where it is involved in chromatin reconstruction, gene transcription and apoptosis. Since DEK represents a potential therapeutic target for canine TCC, this study was designed to investigate DEK expression in canine TCC and to determine the effects of DEK mRNA silencing on TCC cells in vitro. The gene expression profiles of seven selected cancer-associated genes was assessed in four canine TCC cell lines and expression of DEK protein was evaluated in bladder tissue biopsies from healthy dogs and those affected with cystitis or TCC. After transfection of four canine TCC cell lines with DEK-specific or scrambled siRNA, annexin V staining was performed to evaluate apoptosis, and methylthiazole tetrazolium assays were performed to assess both cell viability and sensitivity to carboplatin. DEK mRNA expression was relatively high in canine TCC cells and expression of the DEK protein was significantly greater in TCC tumours compared with the other tissue samples. After transfection with DEK-specific siRNA, apoptosis, cell growth inhibition, and enhanced sensitivity to carboplatin were observed in all TCC cells assessed. These research findings suggest that DEK could be a potential therapeutic target for canine TCC.
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Yamazaki H, Takagi S, Hosoya K, Okumura M. Survivin suppressor (YM155) enhances chemotherapeutic efficacy against canine histiocytic sarcoma in murine transplantation models. Res Vet Sci 2015; 99:137-44. [PMID: 25744435 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2015.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2014] [Revised: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Histiocytic sarcoma (HS) in dogs exhibits aggressive clinical and biological behavior. Currently, no effective treatments are available for dogs with HS. Survivin, a member of a family of apoptosis protein inhibitors, could serve as a potential therapeutic target in several canine cancers. Sepantronium bromide (YM155) has recently been established as a novel survivin-targeting agent. The aim of this study was to use YM155 as a tool for evaluating survivin-targeted therapies against dogs with HS, and to investigate how YM155 treatment affects antitumor and chemotherapeutic efficacies in murine xenograft models using canine HS cells. The results showed that in HS cells with lomustine (CCNU) resistance, YM155 treatment suppressed both the cell-growth potential and cell resistance to CCNU, which essentially increases the chemotherapy efficacy in the murine models. The evidence presented here supports the favorable preclinical evaluation that survivin-targeted therapies might be effective against HS in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Yamazaki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Japan; Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Japan
| | - Satoshi Takagi
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Japan.
| | - Kenji Hosoya
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Japan
| | - Masahiro Okumura
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Japan
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Human dermal fibroblasts HDFa can be used as an appropriate healthy control for PMMA nanoparticles-survivin molecular beacon cellular uptake studies. Biomed Pharmacother 2015; 69:228-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2014.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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ZHANG KEJIAN, LI YANG, LIU WEI, GAO XINLIANG, ZHANG KEWEI. Silencing survivin expression inhibits the tumor growth of non-small-cell lung cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Mol Med Rep 2014; 11:639-44. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2014] [Accepted: 09/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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