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Imai Y, Suzuki R, Wakasugi D, Matsuda D, Tanaka-Yamamoto N, Ohki Y, Mima M, Endo M, Tabata R, Matsuzawa H, Hasegawa Y, Kato S, Sugisaki M, Miyagawa H, Fujimoto N, Fukunaga T, Kato S, Takahashi T, Kakinuma H. Structure-based lead optimization to improve potency and selectivity of a novel tetrahydroimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-5-carboxylic acid series of heparanase-1 inhibitor. Bioorg Med Chem 2023; 93:117460. [PMID: 37660465 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2023.117460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Heparanase-1 (HPSE1) is an endo-β-d-glucuronidase that is the only mammalian enzyme known to cleave heparan sulfate (HS) of heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPG), a key component of the glycocalyx layer of the vascular endothelium matrix. Inhibition of HPSE1 has therapeutic potential for cancer and proteinuric kidney diseases. We previously reported that 2 showed a moderate potency as an HPSE1 inhibitor and an issue of selectivity against exo-β-d-glucuronidase (GUSβ) and glucocerebrosidase (GBA) remained. A structure-based lead optimization of 2 using X-ray co-crystal structure analysis and fragment molecular orbital calculation resulted in 4e, which showed a more than 7-fold increase in HPSE1 inhibitory activity. The subsequent introduction of a methyl group into the 6-hydroxy group of 4e resulted in 18 with reduced inhibitory activities against GUSβ and GBA while maintaining the inhibitory activity against HPSE1. The inhibitory activities of 18 against serum HPSE1 in mice were significant and lasted for 4 h at doses of 3, 30, and 100 mg/kg. Compound 18 could be a novel lead compound for HPSE1 inhibitors with improved inhibitory activity against HPSE1 and increased HPSE1 selectivity over GUSβ and GBA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudai Imai
- Medicinal Chemistry Laboratories, Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 1-403 Yoshino-cho, Kita-ku, Saitama 331-9530, Japan
| | - Ryo Suzuki
- Medicinal Chemistry Laboratories, Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 1-403 Yoshino-cho, Kita-ku, Saitama 331-9530, Japan
| | - Daisuke Wakasugi
- Medicinal Chemistry Laboratories, Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 1-403 Yoshino-cho, Kita-ku, Saitama 331-9530, Japan
| | - Daisuke Matsuda
- Medicinal Chemistry Laboratories, Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 1-403 Yoshino-cho, Kita-ku, Saitama 331-9530, Japan
| | - Nozomi Tanaka-Yamamoto
- Medicinal Chemistry Laboratories, Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 1-403 Yoshino-cho, Kita-ku, Saitama 331-9530, Japan
| | - Yuta Ohki
- Medicinal Chemistry Laboratories, Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 1-403 Yoshino-cho, Kita-ku, Saitama 331-9530, Japan
| | - Masashi Mima
- Discovery Technologies Laboratories, Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 1-403 Yoshino-cho, Kita-ku, Saitama 331-9530, Japan
| | - Mayumi Endo
- Discovery Technologies Laboratories, Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 1-403 Yoshino-cho, Kita-ku, Saitama 331-9530, Japan
| | - Ryotaro Tabata
- Pharmacology Laboratories, Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 1-403 Yoshino-cho, Kita-ku, Saitama 331-9530, Japan
| | - Hitomi Matsuzawa
- Drug Safety and Pharmacokinetics Laboratories, Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 1-403 Yoshino-cho, Kita-ku, Saitama 331-9530, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Hasegawa
- Drug Safety and Pharmacokinetics Laboratories, Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 1-403 Yoshino-cho, Kita-ku, Saitama 331-9530, Japan
| | - Sota Kato
- Pharmacology Laboratories, Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 1-403 Yoshino-cho, Kita-ku, Saitama 331-9530, Japan
| | - Mami Sugisaki
- Pharmacology Laboratories, Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 1-403 Yoshino-cho, Kita-ku, Saitama 331-9530, Japan
| | - Hiroh Miyagawa
- Discovery Technologies Laboratories, Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 1-403 Yoshino-cho, Kita-ku, Saitama 331-9530, Japan
| | - Natsuko Fujimoto
- Discovery Technologies Laboratories, Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 1-403 Yoshino-cho, Kita-ku, Saitama 331-9530, Japan
| | - Takuya Fukunaga
- Discovery Technologies Laboratories, Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 1-403 Yoshino-cho, Kita-ku, Saitama 331-9530, Japan
| | - Sayaka Kato
- Discovery Technologies Laboratories, Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 1-403 Yoshino-cho, Kita-ku, Saitama 331-9530, Japan
| | - Teisuke Takahashi
- Pharmacology Laboratories, Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 1-403 Yoshino-cho, Kita-ku, Saitama 331-9530, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kakinuma
- Medicinal Chemistry Laboratories, Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 1-403 Yoshino-cho, Kita-ku, Saitama 331-9530, Japan.
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2
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Imai Y, Wakasugi D, Suzuki R, Kato S, Sugisaki M, Mima M, Miyagawa H, Endo M, Fujimoto N, Fukunaga T, Kato S, Kuroda S, Takahashi T, Kakinuma H. Lead identification of novel tetrahydroimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-5-carboxylic acid derivative as a potent heparanase-1 inhibitor. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2023; 79:129050. [PMID: 36368497 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2022.129050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Heparanase-1 (HPSE1) is an endo-β-d-glucuronidase that cleaves heparan sulfate proteoglycans into short-chain heparan sulfates (HS). The inhibition of HPSE1 has therapeutic potential for proteinuric diseases such as nephrotic syndrome because increased HPSE1 expression is associated with the loss of HS in the glomerular basement membrane, leading to the development of proteinuria. The present study examined the generation of a lead compound focusing on chemical structures with a sugar moiety, such as glycosides and sugar analogs, taking their physical properties into consideration. Compound 10, an exo-β-d-glucuronidase (GUSβ) inhibitor, was found to have a weak inhibitory activity against endo-β-d-glucuronidase HPSE1. A structure-activity relationship study using the X-ray co-crystal structure of 10 and HPSE1 resulted in 12a, which showed a more than 14-fold increase in HPSE1 inhibitory activity compared with that of 10. Compound 12a could be a novel lead compound for the development of a potent HPSE1 inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudai Imai
- Medicinal Chemistry Laboratories, Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 1-403 Yoshino-cho, Kita-ku, Saitama 331-9530, Japan.
| | - Daisuke Wakasugi
- Medicinal Chemistry Laboratories, Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 1-403 Yoshino-cho, Kita-ku, Saitama 331-9530, Japan
| | - Ryo Suzuki
- Medicinal Chemistry Laboratories, Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 1-403 Yoshino-cho, Kita-ku, Saitama 331-9530, Japan
| | - Sota Kato
- Pharmacology Laboratories, Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 1-403 Yoshino-cho, Kita-ku, Saitama 331-9530, Japan
| | - Mami Sugisaki
- Pharmacology Laboratories, Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 1-403 Yoshino-cho, Kita-ku, Saitama 331-9530, Japan
| | - Masashi Mima
- Discovery Technologies Laboratories, Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 1-403 Yoshino-cho, Kita-ku, Saitama 331-9530, Japan
| | - Hiroh Miyagawa
- Discovery Technologies Laboratories, Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 1-403 Yoshino-cho, Kita-ku, Saitama 331-9530, Japan
| | - Mayumi Endo
- Discovery Technologies Laboratories, Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 1-403 Yoshino-cho, Kita-ku, Saitama 331-9530, Japan
| | - Natsuko Fujimoto
- Discovery Technologies Laboratories, Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 1-403 Yoshino-cho, Kita-ku, Saitama 331-9530, Japan
| | - Takuya Fukunaga
- Discovery Technologies Laboratories, Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 1-403 Yoshino-cho, Kita-ku, Saitama 331-9530, Japan
| | - Sayaka Kato
- Discovery Technologies Laboratories, Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 1-403 Yoshino-cho, Kita-ku, Saitama 331-9530, Japan
| | - Shoichi Kuroda
- Medicinal Chemistry Laboratories, Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 1-403 Yoshino-cho, Kita-ku, Saitama 331-9530, Japan
| | - Teisuke Takahashi
- Pharmacology Laboratories, Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 1-403 Yoshino-cho, Kita-ku, Saitama 331-9530, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kakinuma
- Medicinal Chemistry Laboratories, Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 1-403 Yoshino-cho, Kita-ku, Saitama 331-9530, Japan
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3
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Omar YM, Santucci G, Afarinkia K. tert-Butyl(2-oxo-2 H-pyran-5-yl)carbamate as the First Chameleon Diene Bearing an Electron-Donating Substituent. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27175666. [PMID: 36080432 PMCID: PMC9458009 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27175666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The 2(H)-pyran-2-one bearing electron-donating tert-butylcarbamate (BocNH-) group at the 5- position is a “chameleon” diene and undergoes efficient Diels–Alder cycloadditions with alkene dienophiles with both electron-rich and electron-deficient substituents. Cycloadditions afford the 5-substituted bicyclic lactone cycloadducts regardless of the electronic nature of the dienophile. However, cycloadditions with electronically matched electron-deficient dienophiles proceed faster than those with electronically mismatched electron-rich dienophiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasser M. Omar
- Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, UK
- Department Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
| | - Giulia Santucci
- Department Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
| | - Kamyar Afarinkia
- Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, UK
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of West London, London W5 5RF, UK
- Correspondence:
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4
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Heparanase: Cloning, Function and Regulation. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1221:189-229. [PMID: 32274711 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-34521-1_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In 2019, we mark the 20th anniversary of the cloning of the human heparanase gene. Heparanase remains the only known enzyme to cleave heparan sulfate, which is an abundant component of the extracellular matrix. Thus, elucidating the mechanisms underlying heparanase expression and activity is critical to understanding its role in healthy and pathological settings. This chapter provides a historical account of the race to clone the human heparanase gene, describes the intracellular and extracellular function of the enzyme, and explores the various mechanisms regulating heparanase expression and activity at the gene, transcript, and protein level.
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5
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Giannini G, Battistuzzi G, Rivara S. The Control of Heparanase Through the Use of Small Molecules. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1221:567-603. [PMID: 32274727 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-34521-1_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Despite the enormous progress made in recent years with antibodies, vaccines, antisense oligonucleotides, etc., the so-called "biological" approaches for tackling the control of various diseases, medicinal chemistry remains a bulwark to refer to for the development of new drugs. Also in the case of heparanase, medicinal chemistry has always been in the forefront to identify new inhibitors, through modification of natural macromolecules, e.g., sulfated polysaccharides like heparin, or of natural compounds isolated from bacteria or plants, or through rational design. In this chapter, the reader will find a detailed description of the most relevant small-molecule heparanase inhibitors reported so far in the scientific literature and in patent applications, with mention to the design strategy and to structure-activity relationships. Starting from heparanase inhibitors of natural origin and the attempts to improve their potency and selectivity, the reader will be guided through the major chemical classes of synthetic inhibitors, with representation of the structure of the most relevant compounds. The last paragraph is dedicated to a brief description of inhibitors that have reached clinical trials, highlighting their structure, mechanism, and improved derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Silvia Rivara
- Department of Food and Drug, Università degli Studi di Parma, Parma, Italy
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6
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Tejedor D, Díaz-Díaz A, Diana-Rivero R, Delgado-Hernández S, García-Tellado F. Synthesis and Utility of 2,2-Dimethyl-2 H-pyrans: Dienes for Sequential Diels-Alder/Retro-Diels-Alder Reactions. Org Lett 2018; 20:7987-7990. [PMID: 30525705 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b03558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The practical use of 2,2-dimethyl-2 H-pyrans as electron-rich dienes in sequential Diels-Alder/retro-Diels-Alder (DA/rDA) domino processes to generate aromatic platforms has been demonstrated. Different polysubstituted alkyl 2-naphthoates have been synthesized by the DA/rDA reaction of benzynes and 2,2-dimethyl-2 H-pyrans. The use of other activated alkynes allows the access of substituted alkyl benzoate derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Tejedor
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología , Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas , Avda. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 3 , 38206 La Laguna , Canary Islands , Spain
| | - Abián Díaz-Díaz
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología , Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas , Avda. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 3 , 38206 La Laguna , Canary Islands , Spain
| | - Raquel Diana-Rivero
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología , Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas , Avda. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 3 , 38206 La Laguna , Canary Islands , Spain
| | - Samuel Delgado-Hernández
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología , Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas , Avda. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 3 , 38206 La Laguna , Canary Islands , Spain
| | - Fernando García-Tellado
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología , Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas , Avda. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 3 , 38206 La Laguna , Canary Islands , Spain
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7
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Di Bussolo V, Frau I, Favero L, Bordoni V, Crotti S, Uccello Barretta G, Balzano F, Crotti P. Carba- d , l -allal- and - d , l -galactal-derived vinyl N -nosyl aziridines as useful tools for the synthesis of 4-deoxy-4-( N -nosylamino)-2,3-unsaturated-5 a -carbasugars. Tetrahedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2017.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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8
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9
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Dai X, Yan J, Fu X, Pan Q, Sun D, Xu Y, Wang J, Nie L, Tong L, Shen A, Zheng M, Huang M, Tan M, Liu H, Huang X, Ding J, Geng M. Aspirin Inhibits Cancer Metastasis and Angiogenesis via Targeting Heparanase. Clin Cancer Res 2017; 23:6267-6278. [PMID: 28710312 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-17-0242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Revised: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Recent epidemiological and clinical studies have suggested the benefit of aspirin for patients with cancer, which inspired increasing efforts to demonstrate the anticancer ability of aspirin and reveal the molecular mechanisms behind. Nevertheless, the anticancer activity and related mechanisms of aspirin remain largely unknown. This study aimed to confirm this observation, and more importantly, to investigate the potential target contributed to the anticancer of aspirin.Experimental Design: A homogeneous time-resolved fluorescence (HTRF) assay was used to examine the impact of aspirin on heparanase. Streptavidin pull-down, surface plasmon resonance (SPR) assay, and molecular docking were performed to identify heparanase as an aspirin-binding protein. Transwell, rat aortic rings, and chicken chorioallantoic membrane model were used to evaluate the antimetastasis and anti-angiogenesis effects of aspirin, and these phenotypes were tested in a B16F10 metastatic model, MDA-MB-231 metastatic model, and MDA-MB-435 xenograft model.Results: This study identified heparanase, an oncogenic extracellular matrix enzyme involved in cancer metastasis and angiogenesis, as a potential target of aspirin. We had discovered that aspirin directly binds to Glu225 region of heparanase and inhibits the enzymatic activity. Aspirin impeded tumor metastasis, angiogenesis, and growth in heparanase-dependent manner.Conclusions: In summary, this study has illustrated heparanase as a target of aspirin for the first time. It provides insights for a better understanding of the mechanisms of aspirin in anticancer effects, and offers a direction for the development of small-molecule inhibitors of heparanase. Clin Cancer Res; 23(20); 6267-78. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyang Dai
- Division of Anti-Tumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, P.R. China.,Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Juan Yan
- Division of Anti-Tumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, P.R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xuhong Fu
- Division of Anti-Tumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Qiuming Pan
- Division of Anti-Tumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Danni Sun
- Division of Anti-Tumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Xu
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Jiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Litong Nie
- The Chemical Proteomics Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Linjiang Tong
- Division of Anti-Tumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Aijun Shen
- Division of Anti-Tumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Mingyue Zheng
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Min Huang
- Division of Anti-Tumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Minjia Tan
- The Chemical Proteomics Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Hong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Xun Huang
- Division of Anti-Tumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, P.R. China.
| | - Jian Ding
- Division of Anti-Tumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, P.R. China.
| | - Meiyu Geng
- Division of Anti-Tumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, P.R. China.
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10
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Catelani G, D'Andrea F, Guazzelli L, Griselli A, Testi N, Chiacchio MA, Legnani L, Toma L. Synthesis and conformational analysis of a simplified inositol-model of the Streptococcus pneumoniae 19F capsular polysaccharide repeating unit. Carbohydr Res 2017; 443-444:29-36. [PMID: 28324771 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2017.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Carbohydrate mimics have been studied for a long time as useful sugar substitutes, both in the investigation of biological events and in the treatment of sugar-related diseases. Here we report further evaluation of the capabilities of inositols as carbohydrate substitutes. The conformational features of an inositol-model of a simplified repeating unit corresponding to the capsular polysaccharide of Streptococcus pneumoniae 19F has been evaluated by computational analysis, and compared to the native repeating unit. The inositol mimic was synthesized, and its experimental spectroscopic data allowed for verification of the theoretical results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Catelani
- Università di Pisa, Dipartimento di Farmacia, Via Bonanno 33, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Felicia D'Andrea
- Università di Pisa, Dipartimento di Farmacia, Via Bonanno 33, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Guazzelli
- Università di Pisa, Dipartimento di Farmacia, Via Bonanno 33, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Alessio Griselli
- Università di Pisa, Dipartimento di Farmacia, Via Bonanno 33, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Nicola Testi
- Università di Pisa, Dipartimento di Farmacia, Via Bonanno 33, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Maria Assunta Chiacchio
- Università di Catania, Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, V.le A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; Università di Pavia, Dipartimento di Chimica, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Laura Legnani
- Università di Catania, Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, V.le A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; Università di Pavia, Dipartimento di Chimica, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Lucio Toma
- Università di Pavia, Dipartimento di Chimica, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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11
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Abdullahi MH, Thompson LM, Bearpark MJ, Vinader V, Afarinkia K. The role of substituents in retro Diels–Alder extrusion of CO2 from 2(H)-pyrone cycloadducts. Tetrahedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2016.07.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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12
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Heparanase: a rainbow pharmacological target associated to multiple pathologies including rare diseases. Future Med Chem 2016; 8:647-80. [PMID: 27057774 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2016-0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, heparanase has attracted considerable attention as a promising target for innovative pharmacological applications. Heparanase is a multifaceted protein endowed with enzymatic activity, as an endo-β-D-glucuronidase, and nonenzymatic functions. It is responsible for the cleavage of heparan sulfate side chains of proteoglycans, resulting in structural alterations of the extracellular matrix. Heparanase appears to be involved in major human diseases, from the most studied tumors to chronic inflammation, diabetic nephropathy, bone osteolysis, thrombosis and atherosclerosis, in addition to more recent investigation in various rare diseases. The present review provides an overview on heparanase, its biological role, inhibitors and possible clinical applications, covering the latest findings in these areas.
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13
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Pala D, Rivara S, Mor M, Milazzo FM, Roscilli G, Pavoni E, Giannini G. Kinetic analysis and molecular modeling of the inhibition mechanism of roneparstat (SST0001) on human heparanase. Glycobiology 2016; 26:640-54. [PMID: 26762172 PMCID: PMC4847616 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cww003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Heparanase is a β-d-glucuronidase which cleaves heparan sulfate chains in the extracellular matrix and on cellular membranes. A dysregulated heparanase activity is intimately associated with cell invasion, tumor metastasis and angiogenesis, making heparanase an attractive target for the development of anticancer therapies. SST0001 (roneparstat; Sigma-Tau Research Switzerland S.A.) is a non-anticoagulant 100% N-acetylated and glycol-split heparin acting as a potent heparanase inhibitor, currently in phase I in advanced multiple myeloma. Herein, the kinetics of heparanase inhibition by roneparstat is reported. The analysis of dose-inhibition curves confirmed the high potency of roneparstat (IC50 ≈ 3 nM) and showed, at higher concentrations, a Hill coefficient consistent with the engagement of two molecules of inhibitor. A homology model of human heparanase GS3 construct was built and used for docking experiments with inhibitor fragments. The model has high structural similarity with the recently reported crystal structure of human heparanase. Different interaction schemes are proposed, which support the hypothesis of a complex binding mechanism involving the recruitment of one or multiple roneparstat chains, depending on its concentration. In particular, docking solutions were obtained in which (i) a single roneparstat molecule interacts with both heparin-binding domains (HBDs) of heparanase or (ii) two fragments of roneparstat interact with either HBD-1 or HBD-2, consistent with the possibility of different inhibitor:enzyme binding stoichiometries. This study provides unique insights into the mode of action of roneparstat as well as clues of its interaction with heparanase at a molecular level, which could be exploited to design novel potential inhibitor molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Pala
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, Parma 43124, Italy
| | - Silvia Rivara
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, Parma 43124, Italy
| | - Marco Mor
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, Parma 43124, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Maria Milazzo
- R&D Sigma-Tau Industrie Farmaceutiche Riunite S.p.A., Via Pontina Km 30,400, Pomezia, Roma 00071, Italy
| | | | | | - Giuseppe Giannini
- R&D Sigma-Tau Industrie Farmaceutiche Riunite S.p.A., Via Pontina Km 30,400, Pomezia, Roma 00071, Italy
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Functional and structural characterization of a heparanase. Nat Chem Biol 2015; 11:955-7. [DOI: 10.1038/nchembio.1956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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