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Martinez-Navajas G, Ceron-Hernandez J, Simon I, Lupiañez P, Diaz-McLynn S, Perales S, Modlich U, Guerrero JA, Martin F, Sevivas T, Lozano ML, Rivera J, Ramos-Mejia V, Tersteeg C, Real PJ. Lentiviral gene therapy reverts GPIX expression and phenotype in Bernard-Soulier syndrome type C. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2023; 33:75-92. [PMID: 37416759 PMCID: PMC10320622 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2023.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Bernard-Soulier syndrome (BSS) is a rare congenital disease characterized by macrothrombocytopenia and frequent bleeding. It is caused by pathogenic variants in three genes (GP1BA, GP1BB, or GP9) that encode for the GPIbα, GPIbβ, and GPIX subunits of the GPIb-V-IX complex, the main platelet surface receptor for von Willebrand factor, being essential for platelet adhesion and aggregation. According to the affected gene, we distinguish BSS type A1 (GP1BA), type B (GP1BB), or type C (GP9). Pathogenic variants in these genes cause absent, incomplete, or dysfunctional GPIb-V-IX receptor and, consequently, a hemorrhagic phenotype. Using gene-editing tools, we generated knockout (KO) human cellular models that helped us to better understand GPIb-V-IX complex assembly. Furthermore, we developed novel lentiviral vectors capable of correcting GPIX expression, localization, and functionality in human GP9-KO megakaryoblastic cell lines. Generated GP9-KO induced pluripotent stem cells produced platelets that recapitulated the BSS phenotype: absence of GPIX on the membrane surface and large size. Importantly, gene therapy tools reverted both characteristics. Finally, hematopoietic stem cells from two unrelated BSS type C patients were transduced with the gene therapy vectors and differentiated to produce GPIX-expressing megakaryocytes and platelets with a reduced size. These results demonstrate the potential of lentiviral-based gene therapy to rescue BSS type C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo Martinez-Navajas
- GENyO, Pfizer-Universidad de Granada-Junta de Andalucia Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, PTS, Granada, Avenida de la Ilustracion 114, 18016 Granada, Spain
- University of Granada, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Science, Avenida Fuentenueva S/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Jorge Ceron-Hernandez
- GENyO, Pfizer-Universidad de Granada-Junta de Andalucia Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, PTS, Granada, Avenida de la Ilustracion 114, 18016 Granada, Spain
- University of Granada, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Science, Avenida Fuentenueva S/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Iris Simon
- GENyO, Pfizer-Universidad de Granada-Junta de Andalucia Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, PTS, Granada, Avenida de la Ilustracion 114, 18016 Granada, Spain
- University of Granada, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Science, Avenida Fuentenueva S/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Pablo Lupiañez
- GENyO, Pfizer-Universidad de Granada-Junta de Andalucia Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, PTS, Granada, Avenida de la Ilustracion 114, 18016 Granada, Spain
- University of Granada, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Science, Avenida Fuentenueva S/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Sofia Diaz-McLynn
- GENyO, Pfizer-Universidad de Granada-Junta de Andalucia Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, PTS, Granada, Avenida de la Ilustracion 114, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Sonia Perales
- GENyO, Pfizer-Universidad de Granada-Junta de Andalucia Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, PTS, Granada, Avenida de la Ilustracion 114, 18016 Granada, Spain
- University of Granada, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Science, Avenida Fuentenueva S/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | - Ute Modlich
- Department of Gene and Cell Therapy, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, University of Zürich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren-Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Jose A. Guerrero
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- National Health Service Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Francisco Martin
- GENyO, Pfizer-Universidad de Granada-Junta de Andalucia Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, PTS, Granada, Avenida de la Ilustracion 114, 18016 Granada, Spain
- University of Granada, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology III and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Avenida Ilustracion S/n, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Teresa Sevivas
- Serviço de Sangue, Medicina Transfusional e Imunohemoterapia Do Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Maria L. Lozano
- Servicio de Hematología y Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario Morales Meseguer, Centro Regional de Hemodonación, Universidad de Murcia, IMIB-Pascual Parrilla, CIBERER-ISCIII, U765 Murcia, Spain
| | - Jose Rivera
- Servicio de Hematología y Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario Morales Meseguer, Centro Regional de Hemodonación, Universidad de Murcia, IMIB-Pascual Parrilla, CIBERER-ISCIII, U765 Murcia, Spain
- Grupo Español de Alteraciones Plaquetarias Congénitas (GEAPC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Veronica Ramos-Mejia
- GENyO, Pfizer-Universidad de Granada-Junta de Andalucia Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, PTS, Granada, Avenida de la Ilustracion 114, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Claudia Tersteeg
- Laboratory for Thrombosis Research, IRF Life Sciences, KU Leuven Campus Kulak Kortrijk, Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Pedro J. Real
- GENyO, Pfizer-Universidad de Granada-Junta de Andalucia Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, PTS, Granada, Avenida de la Ilustracion 114, 18016 Granada, Spain
- University of Granada, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Science, Avenida Fuentenueva S/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
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Rahimpour A, Mosallaei M, Pourghazi F, Tabatabaee SH, Hoseinpoor R, Pourmaleki E, Soosanabadi M. Development of an Expression Vector Engineering Strategy Based on tDNA Insulator Element for the Stable Expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-Fc Fusion Protein. Monoclon Antib Immunodiagn Immunother 2023; 42:140-144. [PMID: 37624609 DOI: 10.1089/mab.2023.0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
During the past decades, tremendous advances have occurred in manufacturing recombinant therapeutic proteins in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. Nevertheless, the production of stable high-producing cell lines has remained a major obstacle in the development process of the CHO cell line. It has been shown that genomic regulatory elements can promote cell line development efficiency by improving transgenes' productivity and stability. Such elements include insulators, ubiquitous chromatin opening elements, scaffold/matrix attachment regions, and antirepressors. In addition, tDNA elements are shown to act as insulators in mammalian cells. This study examines the effect of the tDNA insulator on stable expression of a vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-Fc fusion protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azam Rahimpour
- Medical Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Meysam Mosallaei
- Personalized Medicine and Genometabolomics Research Center, Hope Generation Foundation, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzad Pourghazi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sayed Hassan Tabatabaee
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technology, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reyhaneh Hoseinpoor
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Es'hagh Pourmaleki
- Medical Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Soosanabadi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Iran
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3
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Tristán-Manzano M, Maldonado-Pérez N, Justicia-Lirio P, Muñoz P, Cortijo-Gutiérrez M, Pavlovic K, Jiménez-Moreno R, Nogueras S, Carmona MD, Sánchez-Hernández S, Aguilar-González A, Castella M, Juan M, Marañón C, Marchal JA, Benabdellah K, Herrera C, Martin F. Physiological lentiviral vectors for the generation of improved CAR-T cells. MOLECULAR THERAPY - ONCOLYTICS 2022; 25:335-349. [PMID: 35694446 PMCID: PMC9163403 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2022.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/29/2022]
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4
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Zhang JH, Shan LL, Liang F, Du CY, Li JJ. Strategies and Considerations for Improving Recombinant Antibody Production and Quality in Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:856049. [PMID: 35316944 PMCID: PMC8934426 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.856049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Recombinant antibodies are rapidly developing therapeutic agents; approximately 40 novel antibody molecules enter clinical trials each year, most of which are produced from Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. However, one of the major bottlenecks restricting the development of antibody drugs is how to perform high-level expression and production of recombinant antibodies. The high-efficiency expression and quality of recombinant antibodies in CHO cells is determined by multiple factors. This review provides a comprehensive overview of several state-of-the-art approaches, such as optimization of gene sequence of antibody, construction and optimization of high-efficiency expression vector, using antibody expression system, transformation of host cell lines, and glycosylation modification. Finally, the authors discuss the potential of large-scale production of recombinant antibodies and development of culture processes for biopharmaceutical manufacturing in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-He Zhang
- Institutes of Health Central Plains, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Recombinant Pharmaceutical Protein Expression System, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- *Correspondence: Jun-He Zhang,
| | - Lin-Lin Shan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Fan Liang
- Institutes of Health Central Plains, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Chen-Yang Du
- Institutes of Health Central Plains, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Jing-Jing Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
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5
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Cortijo-Gutiérrez M, Sánchez-Hernández S, Tristán-Manzano M, Maldonado-Pérez N, Lopez-Onieva L, Real PJ, Herrera C, Marchal JA, Martin F, Benabdellah K. Improved Functionality of Integration-Deficient Lentiviral Vectors (IDLVs) by the Inclusion of IS 2 Protein Docks. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13081217. [PMID: 34452178 PMCID: PMC8401568 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13081217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Integration-deficient lentiviral vectors (IDLVs) have recently generated increasing interest, not only as a tool for transient gene delivery, but also as a technique for detecting off-target cleavage in gene-editing methodologies which rely on customized endonucleases (ENs). Despite their broad potential applications, the efficacy of IDLVs has historically been limited by low transgene expression and by the reduced sensitivity to detect low-frequency off-target events. We have previously reported that the incorporation of the chimeric sequence element IS2 into the long terminal repeat (LTR) of IDLVs increases gene expression levels, while also reducing the episome yield inside transduced cells. Our study demonstrates that the effectiveness of IDLVs relies on the balance between two parameters which can be modulated by the inclusion of IS2 sequences. In the present study, we explore new IDLV configurations harboring several elements based on IS2 modifications engineered to mediate more efficient transgene expression without affecting the targeted cell load. Of all the insulators and configurations analysed, the insertion of the IS2 into the 3′LTR produced the best results. After demonstrating a DAPI-low nuclear gene repositioning of IS2-containing episomes, we determined whether, in addition to a positive effect on transcription, the IS2 could improve the capture of IDLVs on double strand breaks (DSBs). Thus, DSBs were randomly generated, using the etoposide or locus-specific CRISPR-Cas9. Our results show that the IS2 element improved the efficacy of IDLV DSB detection. Altogether, our data indicate that the insertion of IS2 into the LTR of IDLVs improved, not only their transgene expression levels, but also their ability to be inserted into existing DSBs. This could have significant implications for the development of an unbiased detection tool for off-target cleavage sites from different specific nucleases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Cortijo-Gutiérrez
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Genomic Medicine Department, Pfizer-University of Granada-Andalusian Regional Government, Health Sciences Technology Park, Av. de la Illustration 114, 18016 Granada, Spain; (M.C.-G.); (S.S.-H.); (M.T.-M.); (N.M.-P.); (F.M.)
| | - Sabina Sánchez-Hernández
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Genomic Medicine Department, Pfizer-University of Granada-Andalusian Regional Government, Health Sciences Technology Park, Av. de la Illustration 114, 18016 Granada, Spain; (M.C.-G.); (S.S.-H.); (M.T.-M.); (N.M.-P.); (F.M.)
| | - María Tristán-Manzano
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Genomic Medicine Department, Pfizer-University of Granada-Andalusian Regional Government, Health Sciences Technology Park, Av. de la Illustration 114, 18016 Granada, Spain; (M.C.-G.); (S.S.-H.); (M.T.-M.); (N.M.-P.); (F.M.)
| | - Noelia Maldonado-Pérez
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Genomic Medicine Department, Pfizer-University of Granada-Andalusian Regional Government, Health Sciences Technology Park, Av. de la Illustration 114, 18016 Granada, Spain; (M.C.-G.); (S.S.-H.); (M.T.-M.); (N.M.-P.); (F.M.)
| | - Lourdes Lopez-Onieva
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Molecular Oncology Department, Pfizer-University of Granada-Andalusian Regional Government, Health Sciences Technology Park, Av. de la Illustration 114, 18016 Granada, Spain; (L.L.-O.); (P.J.R.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, Avenida Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Pedro J. Real
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Molecular Oncology Department, Pfizer-University of Granada-Andalusian Regional Government, Health Sciences Technology Park, Av. de la Illustration 114, 18016 Granada, Spain; (L.L.-O.); (P.J.R.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, Avenida Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Personalized Oncology Group, Bio-Health Research Institute (ibs Granada), 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Concha Herrera
- Maimonides Institute of Biomedical Research in Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain;
- Department of Haematology, Reina Sofía University Hospital, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Juan Antonio Marchal
- Biomedical Research Institute (ibs. Granada), 18012 Granada, Spain;
- Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Excellence Research Unit: Modeling Nature (MNat), University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco Martin
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Genomic Medicine Department, Pfizer-University of Granada-Andalusian Regional Government, Health Sciences Technology Park, Av. de la Illustration 114, 18016 Granada, Spain; (M.C.-G.); (S.S.-H.); (M.T.-M.); (N.M.-P.); (F.M.)
| | - Karim Benabdellah
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Genomic Medicine Department, Pfizer-University of Granada-Andalusian Regional Government, Health Sciences Technology Park, Av. de la Illustration 114, 18016 Granada, Spain; (M.C.-G.); (S.S.-H.); (M.T.-M.); (N.M.-P.); (F.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-958-715-500
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6
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Boateng-Antwi MKA, Lin Y, Ren S, Wang X, Pan D. New function of a well-known promoter: Enhancer activity of minimal CMV promoter enables efficient dual-cassette transgene expression. J Gene Med 2021; 23:e3380. [PMID: 34318559 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.3380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Co-expression of multiple genes in single vectors has achieved varying degrees of success by employing two promoters and/or application of viral 2A-peptide or the internal ribosome entry-site (IRES). However, promoter interference, potential functional-interruption of expressed-proteins by 2A-generated residual peptides or weaker translation of IRES-mediated downstream genes has curtailed their utilization. Thus, there is the need for single vectors that robustly express multiple proteins for enhanced gene therapy applications. METHODS We engineered lentiviral-vectors for dual-cassette expression of green fluorescent protein and mCherry in uni- or bidirectional architectures using the short-version (Es) of elongation factor 1α (EF) promoter and simian virus 40 promoter (Sv). The regulatory function of a core fragment (cC) from human cytomegalovirus promoter was investigated with cell-lineage specificity in NIH3T3 (fibroblast) and hematopoietic cell lines U937 (monocyte/macrophage), LCL (lymphoid), DAMI (megakaryocyte) and MEL (erythroid). RESULTS The cC element in reverse-orientation not only boosted upstream Es promoter to levels comparable to full-length EF in DAMI, U937 and 3T3 cells, but also blocked the suppression of downstream Sv promoter by Es in U937 and 3T3 cells with further improved Sv activity in DAMI cells. Such lineage-restricted up-regulation is likely attributed to two protein-binding domains of cC and diverse expression of related factors in different cell types for enhancer and terminator activities, but not spacing function. CONCLUSIONS Such a newly developed dual-cassette vector could be advantageous, particularly in hematopoietic cell-mediated gene/cancer therapy, by allowing for independent and robust co-expression of therapeutic gene(s) and/or a selectable gene or imaging marker in the same cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael K A Boateng-Antwi
- Gene and Cell Therapy Program, Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Cincinnati Graduate School, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Yi Lin
- Gene and Cell Therapy Program, Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Sheng Ren
- Gene and Cell Therapy Program, Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- Gene and Cell Therapy Program, Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Dao Pan
- Gene and Cell Therapy Program, Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Cincinnati Graduate School, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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7
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Navarro-Marchal SA, Griñán-Lisón C, Entrena JM, Ruiz-Alcalá G, Tristán-Manzano M, Martin F, Pérez-Victoria I, Peula-García JM, Marchal JA. Anti-CD44-Conjugated Olive Oil Liquid Nanocapsules for Targeting Pancreatic Cancer Stem Cells. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:1374-1388. [PMID: 33724003 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c01546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The latest trends in cancer research and nanomedicine focus on using nanocarriers to target cancer stem cells (CSCs). Specifically, lipid liquid nanocapsules are usually developed as nanocarriers for lipophilic drug delivery. Here, we developed olive oil liquid NCs (O2LNCs) functionalized by covalent coupling of an anti-CD44-fluorescein isothiocyanate antibody (αCD44). First, O2LNCs are formed by a core of olive oil surrounded by a shell containing phospholipids, a nonionic surfactant, and deoxycholic acid molecules. Then, O2LNCs were coated with an αCD44 antibody (αCD44-O2LNC). The optimization of an αCD44 coating procedure, a complete physicochemical characterization, as well as clear evidence of their efficacy in vitro and in vivo were demonstrated. Our results indicate the high targeted uptake of these αCD44-O2LNCs, and the increased antitumor efficacy (up to four times) of paclitaxel-loaded-αCD44-O2LNC compared to free paclitaxel in pancreatic CSCs (PCSCs). Also, αCD44-O2LNCs were able to selectively target PCSCs in an orthotopic xenotransplant in vivo model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saúl A Navarro-Marchal
- Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada 18100, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.,Excellence Research Unit "Modeling Nature" (MNat), University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.,Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Carmen Griñán-Lisón
- Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada 18100, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.,Excellence Research Unit "Modeling Nature" (MNat), University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - José-Manuel Entrena
- Institute of Neuroscience, Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Armilla, 18100 Granada, Spain.,Animal Behavior Research Unit, Scientific Instrumentation Center, University of Granada, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Armilla, 18100 Granada, Spain
| | - Gloria Ruiz-Alcalá
- Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada 18100, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.,Excellence Research Unit "Modeling Nature" (MNat), University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - María Tristán-Manzano
- Genomic Medicine Department, GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer-University of Granada-Andalusian Regional Government, Parque Tecnológico Ciencias de la Salud, Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco Martin
- Genomic Medicine Department, GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer-University of Granada-Andalusian Regional Government, Parque Tecnológico Ciencias de la Salud, Granada, Spain
| | - Ignacio Pérez-Victoria
- Fundación MEDINA, Centro de Excelencia en Investigación de Medicamentos Innovadores en Andalucía, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Avda. del Conocimiento 34, Armilla, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - José Manuel Peula-García
- Biocolloids and Fluids Physics Group, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18014 Granada, Spain.,Department of Applied Physics II, University of Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Juan Antonio Marchal
- Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada 18100, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.,Excellence Research Unit "Modeling Nature" (MNat), University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.,Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
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8
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Zimak J, Wagoner ZW, Nelson N, Waechtler B, Schlosser H, Kopecky M, Wu J, Zhao W. Epigenetic silencing directs expression heterogeneity of stably integrated multi-transcript unit genetic circuits. Sci Rep 2021; 11:2424. [PMID: 33510302 PMCID: PMC7844226 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-81975-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We report that epigenetic silencing causes the loss of function of multi-transcript unit constructs that are integrated using CRISPR-Cas9. Using a modular two color reporter system flanked by selection markers, we demonstrate that expression heterogeneity does not correlate with sequence alteration but instead correlates with chromosomal accessibility. We partially reverse this epigenetic silencing via small-molecule inhibitors of methylation and histone deacetylation. We then correlate each heterogeneously-expressing phenotype with its expected epigenetic state by employing ATAC-seq. The stability of each expression phenotype is reinforced by selective pressure, which indicates that ongoing epigenetic remodeling can occur for over one month after integration. Collectively, our data suggests that epigenetic silencing limits the utility of multi-transcript unit constructs that are integrated via double-strand repair pathways. Our research implies that mammalian synthetic biologists should consider localized epigenetic outcomes when designing complex genetic circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Zimak
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Zachary W Wagoner
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Nellie Nelson
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Brooke Waechtler
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Hana Schlosser
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Morgan Kopecky
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Jie Wu
- Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.,Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Weian Zhao
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA. .,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA. .,Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA. .,Edwards Life Sciences Center for Advanced Cardiovascular Technology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA. .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA. .,Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
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9
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Humphreys PA, Woods S, Smith CA, Bates N, Cain SA, Lucas R, Kimber SJ. Optogenetic Control of the BMP Signaling Pathway. ACS Synth Biol 2020; 9:3067-3078. [PMID: 33084303 PMCID: PMC7927147 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.0c00315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are members of the transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) superfamily and have crucial roles during development; including mesodermal patterning and specification of renal, hepatic, and skeletal tissues. In vitro developmental models currently rely upon costly and unreliable recombinant BMP proteins that do not enable dynamic or precise activation of the BMP signaling pathway. Here, we report the development of an optogenetic BMP signaling system (optoBMP) that enables rapid induction of the canonical BMP signaling pathway driven by illumination with blue light. We demonstrate the utility of the optoBMP system in multiple human cell lines to initiate signal transduction through phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of SMAD1/5, leading to upregulation of BMP target genes including Inhibitors of DNA binding ID2 and ID4. Furthermore, we demonstrate how the optoBMP system can be used to fine-tune activation of the BMP signaling pathway through variable light stimulation. Optogenetic control of BMP signaling will enable dynamic and high-throughput intervention across a variety of applications in cellular and developmental systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul A. Humphreys
- Division
of Cell Matrix & Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine
and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K.
- Division
of Neuroscience & Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Biology,
Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Steven Woods
- Division
of Cell Matrix & Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine
and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Christopher A. Smith
- Division
of Cell Matrix & Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine
and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Nicola Bates
- Division
of Cell Matrix & Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine
and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Stuart A. Cain
- Division
of Cell Matrix & Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine
and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Robert Lucas
- Division
of Neuroscience & Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Biology,
Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Susan J. Kimber
- Division
of Cell Matrix & Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine
and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K.
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10
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Gutierrez-Guerrero A, Cosset FL, Verhoeyen E. Lentiviral Vector Pseudotypes: Precious Tools to Improve Gene Modification of Hematopoietic Cells for Research and Gene Therapy. Viruses 2020; 12:v12091016. [PMID: 32933033 PMCID: PMC7551254 DOI: 10.3390/v12091016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Viruses have been repurposed into tools for gene delivery by transforming them into viral vectors. The most frequently used vectors are lentiviral vectors (LVs), derived from the human immune deficiency virus allowing efficient gene transfer in mammalian cells. They represent one of the safest and most efficient treatments for monogenic diseases affecting the hematopoietic system. LVs are modified with different viral envelopes (pseudotyping) to alter and improve their tropism for different primary cell types. The vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein (VSV-G) is commonly used for pseudotyping as it enhances gene transfer into multiple hematopoietic cell types. However, VSV-G pseudotyped LVs are not able to confer efficient transduction in quiescent blood cells, such as hematopoietic stem cells (HSC), B and T cells. To solve this problem, VSV-G can be exchanged for other heterologous viral envelopes glycoproteins, such as those from the Measles virus, Baboon endogenous retrovirus, Cocal virus, Nipah virus or Sendai virus. Here, we provide an overview of how these LV pseudotypes improved transduction efficiency of HSC, B, T and natural killer (NK) cells, underlined by multiple in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrating how pseudotyped LVs deliver therapeutic genes or gene editing tools to treat different genetic diseases and efficiently generate CAR T cells for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Gutierrez-Guerrero
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Division, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA;
- The Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA
- CIRI, Université de Lyon, INSERM U1111, ENS de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR 5308, 69007 Lyon, France;
| | - François-Loïc Cosset
- CIRI, Université de Lyon, INSERM U1111, ENS de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR 5308, 69007 Lyon, France;
| | - Els Verhoeyen
- CIRI, Université de Lyon, INSERM U1111, ENS de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR 5308, 69007 Lyon, France;
- INSERM, C3M, Université Côte d’Azur, 06204 Nice, France
- Correspondence:
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11
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Carrillo‐Gálvez AB, Gálvez‐Peisl S, González‐Correa JE, de Haro‐Carrillo M, Ayllón V, Carmona‐Sáez P, Ramos‐Mejía V, Galindo‐Moreno P, Cara FE, Granados‐Principal S, Muñoz P, Martin F, Anderson P. GARP is a key molecule for mesenchymal stromal cell responses to TGF-β and fundamental to control mitochondrial ROS levels. Stem Cells Transl Med 2020; 9:636-650. [PMID: 32073751 PMCID: PMC7180295 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.19-0372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have emerged as a promising cell therapy in regenerative medicine and for autoimmune/inflammatory diseases. However, a main hurdle for MSCs-based therapies is the loss of their proliferative potential in vitro. Here we report that glycoprotein A repetitions predominant (GARP) is required for the proliferation and survival of adipose-derived MSCs (ASCs) via its regulation of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) activation. Silencing of GARP in human ASCs increased their activation of TGF-β which augmented the levels of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS), resulting in DNA damage, a block in proliferation and apoptosis. Inhibition of TGF-β signaling reduced the levels of mtROS and DNA damage and restored the ability of GARP-/low ASCs to proliferate. In contrast, overexpression of GARP in ASCs increased their proliferative capacity and rendered them more resistant to etoposide-induced DNA damage and apoptosis, in a TGF-β-dependent manner. In summary, our data show that the presence or absence of GARP on ASCs gives rise to distinct TGF-β responses with diametrically opposing effects on ASC proliferation and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Belén Carrillo‐Gálvez
- Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalucian Regional GovernmentGranadaSpain
| | - Sheyla Gálvez‐Peisl
- Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalucian Regional GovernmentGranadaSpain
| | - Juan Elías González‐Correa
- Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalucian Regional GovernmentGranadaSpain
| | - Marina de Haro‐Carrillo
- Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalucian Regional GovernmentGranadaSpain
| | - Verónica Ayllón
- Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalucian Regional GovernmentGranadaSpain
| | - Pedro Carmona‐Sáez
- Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalucian Regional GovernmentGranadaSpain
| | - Verónica Ramos‐Mejía
- Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalucian Regional GovernmentGranadaSpain
| | - Pablo Galindo‐Moreno
- Department of Oral Surgery and Implant DentistrySchool of Dentistry, University of GranadaGranadaSpain
| | - Francisca E. Cara
- Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalucian Regional GovernmentGranadaSpain
- UGC de Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario de JaénJaénSpain
| | - Sergio Granados‐Principal
- Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalucian Regional GovernmentGranadaSpain
- UGC de Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario de JaénJaénSpain
| | - Pilar Muñoz
- Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalucian Regional GovernmentGranadaSpain
| | - Francisco Martin
- Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalucian Regional GovernmentGranadaSpain
| | - Per Anderson
- Servicio de Análisis Clínicos e Inmunología, UGC Laboratorio ClínicoHospital Universitario Virgen de las NievesGranadaSpain
- Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.Granada), University of GranadaSpain
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12
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Lu XB, Guo YH, Huang W. Characterization of the cHS4 insulator in mouse embryonic stem cells. FEBS Open Bio 2020; 10:644-656. [PMID: 32087050 PMCID: PMC7137798 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Revised: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Synthetic biology circuits are often constructed with multiple gene expression units assembled in close proximity, and they can be used to perform complex functions in embryonic stem cells (ESCs). However, mutual interference between transcriptional units has not been well studied in mouse ESCs. To assess the efficiency of insulators at suppressing promoter interference in mouse ESCs, we used an evaluation scheme in which a tunable tetracycline response element promoter is connected to a constant Nanog promoter. The chicken hypersensitive site 4 (cHS4) insulator, widely used both for enhancer blocking and for barrier insulation in vitro and in vivo, was positioned between the two expression units for assessment. By inserting the cassette into various loci of the mouse ESC genome with PiggyBac transposon, we were able to quantitatively examine the protective effect of cHS4 by gradually increasing the transcriptional activity of the tetracycline response element promoter with doxycycline and then measuring the transcriptional activity of the Nanog promoter. Our results indicate that the cHS4 insulator has minimal insulating effects on promoter interference in mouse ESCs. Further studies show that the cHS4 insulation effect may be promoter specific and related to interaction with CCCTC‐binding factor‐mediated loop formation. In addition, we also compared DNA transposition and transgene expression with or without the cHS4 insulator using well‐established ESC reporters. The results indicate that cHS4 has no apparent effects on DNA transposition and transgene expression levels, but exerts modest protective effects on long‐term transgene silencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Bin Lu
- Core Research Facilities, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yu-Han Guo
- Forward Pharmaceuticals Limited Co., Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
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13
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CellTagging: combinatorial indexing to simultaneously map lineage and identity at single-cell resolution. Nat Protoc 2020; 15:750-772. [PMID: 32051617 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-019-0247-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Single-cell technologies are offering unparalleled insight into complex biology, revealing the behavior of rare cell populations that are masked in bulk population analyses. One current limitation of single-cell approaches is that lineage relationships are typically lost as a result of cell processing. We recently established a method, CellTagging, permitting the parallel capture of lineage information and cell identity via a combinatorial cell indexing approach. CellTagging integrates with high-throughput single-cell RNA sequencing, where sequential rounds of cell labeling enable the construction of multi-level lineage trees. Here, we provide a detailed protocol to (i) generate complex plasmid and lentivirus CellTag libraries for labeling of cells; (ii) sequentially CellTag cells over the course of a biological process; (iii) profile single-cell transcriptomes via high-throughput droplet-based platforms; and (iv) generate a CellTag expression matrix, followed by clone calling and lineage reconstruction. This lentiviral-labeling approach can be deployed in any organism or in vitro culture system that is amenable to viral transduction to simultaneously profile lineage and identity at single-cell resolution.
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14
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Zhang JH, Zhang JH, Wang XY, Xu DH, Wang TY. Distance effect characteristic of the matrix attachment region increases recombinant protein expression in Chinese hamster ovary cells. Biotechnol Lett 2019; 42:187-196. [PMID: 31776751 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-019-02775-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Previously, we have found that the matrix attachment region (MAR) may confer a 'distance effect' on transgene expression. This work aims to systematically explore the increased transgene expression in transfected Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells due to the characteristics of MAR and its mechanism. RESULTS Compared with the control vector, 500 and 1000 bp DNA distances between MAR and the cytomegalovirus promoter can increase transgene expression by 1.77- and 1.56-fold, respectively. Meanwhile, transgene expression was not affected when 2000 and 2500 bp spacer DNAs were inserted, but a declining trend was observed when a 1500 bp spacer DNA was inserted. The vector containing a 500 bp DNA distance significantly increased the expression of the enhanced green fluorescent protein, and this increase was not related to transgene copy numbers. CONCLUSIONS A short DNA distance-containing MAR confers high transgene expression level in transfected CHO cells, but a distance threshold does not exist in the vector system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-He Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xinxiang Medical University, No. 601 Jinsui Road, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China.,International Joint Research Laboratory for Recombinant Pharmaceutical Protein Expression System of Henan, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Ji-Hong Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Xiao-Yin Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xinxiang Medical University, No. 601 Jinsui Road, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China.,International Joint Research Laboratory for Recombinant Pharmaceutical Protein Expression System of Henan, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Dan-Hua Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xinxiang Medical University, No. 601 Jinsui Road, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China.,International Joint Research Laboratory for Recombinant Pharmaceutical Protein Expression System of Henan, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Tian-Yun Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xinxiang Medical University, No. 601 Jinsui Road, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China. .,International Joint Research Laboratory for Recombinant Pharmaceutical Protein Expression System of Henan, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China.
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15
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Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) therapy has produced very promising results for multiple diseases in animal models, with over 780 clinical trials on going or completed. However, most of the human clinical trials have not been as successful as trials using preclinical models. To improve the therapeutic potential of MSCs, different research groups have used gene transfer vectors to express factors involved in migration, survival, differentiation, and immunomodulation. The ideal gene transfer vector for most applications should achieve long-term, stable (constitutive or inducible) transgene expression in MSCs and their progeny. Given their efficiency and low impact on transduced cells, lentiviral vectors (LVs) are the vectors of choice. In this chapter we will describe a detailed protocol for the generation of genetically modified MSCs using lentiviral vectors (LVs). Although this protocol has been optimized for MSC lentiviral transduction, it can be easily adapted to other stem cells by changing culture conditions while maintaining volumes and incubation times.
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16
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Sánchez-Hernández S, Gutierrez-Guerrero A, Martín-Guerra R, Cortijo-Gutierrez M, Tristán-Manzano M, Rodriguez-Perales S, Sanchez L, Garcia-Perez JL, Chato-Astrain J, Fernandez-Valades R, Carrillo-Galvez AB, Anderson P, Montes R, Real PJ, Martin F, Benabdellah K. The IS2 Element Improves Transcription Efficiency of Integration-Deficient Lentiviral Vector Episomes. MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS 2018; 13:16-28. [PMID: 30227274 PMCID: PMC6141704 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2018.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Integration-defective lentiviral vectors (IDLVs) have become an important alternative tool for gene therapy applications and basic research. Unfortunately, IDLVs show lower transgene expression as compared to their integrating counterparts. In this study, we aimed to improve the expression levels of IDLVs by inserting the IS2 element, which harbors SARs and HS4 sequences, into their LTRs (SE-IS2-IDLVs). Contrary to our expectations, the presence of the IS2 element did not abrogate epigenetic silencing by histone deacetylases. In addition, the IS2 element reduced episome levels in IDLV-transduced cells. Interestingly, despite these negative effects, SE-IS2-IDLVs outperformed SE-IDLVs in terms of percentage and expression levels of the transgene in several cell lines, including neurons, neuronal progenitor cells, and induced pluripotent stem cells. We estimated that the IS2 element enhances the transcriptional activity of IDLV LTR circles 6- to 7-fold. The final effect the IS2 element in IDLVs will greatly depend on the target cell and the balance between the negative versus the positive effects of the IS2 element in each cell type. The better performance of SE-IS2-IDLVs was not due to improved stability or differences in the proportions of 1-LTR versus 2-LTR circles but probably to a re-positioning of IS2-episomes into transcriptionally active regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabina Sánchez-Hernández
- Genomic Medicine Department, GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer-University of Granada-Andalusian Regional Government, PTS Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Alejandra Gutierrez-Guerrero
- Genomic Medicine Department, GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer-University of Granada-Andalusian Regional Government, PTS Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Rocío Martín-Guerra
- Genomic Medicine Department, GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer-University of Granada-Andalusian Regional Government, PTS Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Marina Cortijo-Gutierrez
- Genomic Medicine Department, GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer-University of Granada-Andalusian Regional Government, PTS Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - María Tristán-Manzano
- Genomic Medicine Department, GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer-University of Granada-Andalusian Regional Government, PTS Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Sandra Rodriguez-Perales
- Molecular Cytogenetics and Genome Editing Unit, Human Cancer Genetics Department, CNIO, Melchor Fernandez Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Sanchez
- Genomic Medicine Department, GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer-University of Granada-Andalusian Regional Government, PTS Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Jose Luis Garcia-Perez
- Genomic Medicine Department, GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer-University of Granada-Andalusian Regional Government, PTS Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Jesus Chato-Astrain
- Department of Histology, Tissue Engineering Group, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Ricardo Fernandez-Valades
- Pediatric Surgery Department, University Hospital "Virgen de las Nieves," Avda. Fuerzas Armadas 2, 18014 Granada, Spain
| | - Ana Belén Carrillo-Galvez
- Oncology Department, GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncology, Pfizer-University of Granada-Andalusian Regional Government, PTS Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Per Anderson
- LentiStem Biotech, GENYO, Avda. de la Ilustración 114, 18016 PTS Granada, Spain; Oncology Department, GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncology, Pfizer-University of Granada-Andalusian Regional Government, PTS Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Rosa Montes
- Oncology Department, GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncology, Pfizer-University of Granada-Andalusian Regional Government, PTS Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Pedro J Real
- Oncology Department, GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncology, Pfizer-University of Granada-Andalusian Regional Government, PTS Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; Departament of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco Martin
- Genomic Medicine Department, GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer-University of Granada-Andalusian Regional Government, PTS Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; LentiStem Biotech, GENYO, Avda. de la Ilustración 114, 18016 PTS Granada, Spain.
| | - Karim Benabdellah
- Genomic Medicine Department, GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer-University of Granada-Andalusian Regional Government, PTS Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; LentiStem Biotech, GENYO, Avda. de la Ilustración 114, 18016 PTS Granada, Spain.
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17
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Ahmad H, Requena T, Frejo L, Cobo M, Gallego-Martinez A, Martin F, Lopez-Escamez JA, Bronstein AM. Clinical and Functional Characterization of a Missense ELF2 Variant in a CANVAS Family. Front Genet 2018; 9:85. [PMID: 29628936 PMCID: PMC5876245 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebellar ataxia with neuropathy and bilateral vestibular areflexia syndrome (CANVAS) is a rare disorder with an unknown etiology. We present a British family with presumed autosomal dominant CANVAS with incomplete penetrance and variable expressivity. Exome sequencing identified a rare missense variant in the ELF2 gene at chr4:g.140058846 C > T, c.10G > A, p.A4T which segregated in all affected patients. By using transduced BE (2)-M17 cells, we found that the mutated ELF2 (mt-ELF2) gene increased ATXN2 and reduced ELOVL5 gene expression, the causal genes of type 2 and type 38 spinocerebellar ataxias. Both, western blot and confocal microscopy confirmed an increase of ataxin-2 in BE(2)-M17 cells transduced with lentivirus expressing mt-ELF2 (CEE-mt-ELF2), which was not observed in cells transduced with lentivirus expressing wt-ELF2 (CEE-wt-ELF2). Moreover, we observed a significant decrease in the number and size of lipid droplets in the CEE-mt-ELF2-transduced BE (2)-M17 cells, but not in the CEE-wt-ELF2-transduced BE (2)-M17. Furthermore, changes in the expression of ELOVL5 could be related with the reduction of lipid droplets in BE (2)-M17 cells. This work supports that ELF2 gene regulates the expression of ATXN2 and ELOVL5 genes, and defines new molecular links in the pathophysiology of cerebellar ataxias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hena Ahmad
- Division of Brain Sciences, Imperial College, Charing Cross Hospital, London, United Kingdom.,National Hospital for Neurology & Neurosurgery, London, United Kingdom
| | - Teresa Requena
- Otology and Neurotology Group CTS495, Department of Genomic Medicine, Centro de Genómica e Investigación Oncológica (GENYO), Pfizer-Universidad de Granada-Junta de Andalucía, Granada, Spain
| | - Lidia Frejo
- Otology and Neurotology Group CTS495, Department of Genomic Medicine, Centro de Genómica e Investigación Oncológica (GENYO), Pfizer-Universidad de Granada-Junta de Andalucía, Granada, Spain
| | - Marien Cobo
- Gene and Cell Therapy Group, Department of Genomic Medicine, Centro de Genómica e Investigación Oncológica (GENYO), Pfizer-Universidad de Granada-Junta de Andalucía, Granada, Spain
| | - Alvaro Gallego-Martinez
- Otology and Neurotology Group CTS495, Department of Genomic Medicine, Centro de Genómica e Investigación Oncológica (GENYO), Pfizer-Universidad de Granada-Junta de Andalucía, Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco Martin
- Gene and Cell Therapy Group, Department of Genomic Medicine, Centro de Genómica e Investigación Oncológica (GENYO), Pfizer-Universidad de Granada-Junta de Andalucía, Granada, Spain
| | - Jose A Lopez-Escamez
- Otology and Neurotology Group CTS495, Department of Genomic Medicine, Centro de Genómica e Investigación Oncológica (GENYO), Pfizer-Universidad de Granada-Junta de Andalucía, Granada, Spain.,Department of Otolaryngology, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Adolfo M Bronstein
- Division of Brain Sciences, Imperial College, Charing Cross Hospital, London, United Kingdom.,National Hospital for Neurology & Neurosurgery, London, United Kingdom
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18
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Gutierrez-Guerrero A, Sanchez-Hernandez S, Galvani G, Pinedo-Gomez J, Martin-Guerra R, Sanchez-Gilabert A, Aguilar-González A, Cobo M, Gregory P, Holmes M, Benabdellah K, Martin F. Comparison of Zinc Finger Nucleases Versus CRISPR-Specific Nucleases for Genome Editing of the Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome Locus. Hum Gene Ther 2018; 29:366-380. [DOI: 10.1089/hum.2017.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Gutierrez-Guerrero
- Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, Genomic Medicine Department, Granada, Spain
| | - Sabina Sanchez-Hernandez
- Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, Genomic Medicine Department, Granada, Spain
| | - Giuseppe Galvani
- Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, Genomic Medicine Department, Granada, Spain
| | - Javier Pinedo-Gomez
- Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, Genomic Medicine Department, Granada, Spain
| | - Rocio Martin-Guerra
- Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, Genomic Medicine Department, Granada, Spain
| | - Almudena Sanchez-Gilabert
- Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, Genomic Medicine Department, Granada, Spain
| | - Araceli Aguilar-González
- Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, Genomic Medicine Department, Granada, Spain
| | - Marién Cobo
- Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, Genomic Medicine Department, Granada, Spain
- LentiStem Biotech, Granada, Spain
| | - Philip Gregory
- Sangamo BioSciences, Point Richmond Tech Center, Richmond, California
| | - Michael Holmes
- Sangamo BioSciences, Point Richmond Tech Center, Richmond, California
| | - Karim Benabdellah
- Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, Genomic Medicine Department, Granada, Spain
- LentiStem Biotech, Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco Martin
- Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, Genomic Medicine Department, Granada, Spain
- LentiStem Biotech, Granada, Spain
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19
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Chen SJ, Wang W, Zhang FY, Jia YL, Wang XY, Guo X, Chen SN, Gao JH, Wang TY. A chimeric HS4 insulator-scaffold attachment region enhances transgene expression in transfected Chinese hamster ovary cells. FEBS Open Bio 2017; 7:2021-2030. [PMID: 29226088 PMCID: PMC5715248 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2017] [Revised: 09/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells are one of the most commonly used expression systems for the production of recombinant proteins but low levels of transgene expression and transgene silencing are frequently encountered. Epigenetic regulatory elements such as the chicken β-globin locus control region hypersensitive site 4 (HS4) and scaffold/matrix attachment regions (S/MARs) have positive effects on transgene expression. In this study, a chimeric HS4-SAR was cloned upstream or downstream of an enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) expression cassette in a eukaryotic vector, and the resulting vectors were transfected into CHO cells. eGFP was detected by flow cytometry. Real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) was used to determine copy numbers of the stably transfected cells. And fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was used to detect the status of vector in the host cell chromosome. The results showed that HS4-SAR positioned downstream of the expression cassette could enhance eGFP expression by 4.83-fold compared with the control vector. There may not be a relationship between transgene copy number and gene expression level. HS4-SAR did not appear to alter the integration of the transgene into the host cell chromosome or its position in the chromosome. We found a synthetic chimeric HS4-SAR positively increased transgene expression in CHO cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Jia Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Xinxiang Medical University Henan China
| | - Wen Wang
- Pharmacy Collage Xinxiang Medical University Henan China.,Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine Xinxiang Medical University China
| | - Feng-Yi Zhang
- Grade 2012 The Third Clinical Medical College of Xinxiang Medical University Henan China
| | - Yan-Long Jia
- Pharmacy Collage Xinxiang Medical University Henan China.,Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine Xinxiang Medical University China
| | - Xiao-Yin Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Xinxiang Medical University Henan China
| | - Xiao Guo
- Pharmacy Collage Xinxiang Medical University Henan China
| | - Shao-Nan Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Xinxiang Medical University Henan China
| | - Jian-Hui Gao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Xinxiang Medical University Henan China
| | - Tian-Yun Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Xinxiang Medical University Henan China.,Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine Xinxiang Medical University China
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20
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Li Q, Wang W, Guo X, Jia YL, Wang YF, Wang TY. A short synthetic chimeric sequence harboring matrix attachment region/PSAR2 increases transgene expression in Chinese hamster ovary cells. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2017; 81:1755-1761. [DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2017.1350563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A chimeric DNA fragment containing an interferon-beta matrix attachment region (MAR) and an immunoglobulin MAR (PSAR2) was synthesized. PSAR2 was cloned into the upstream or downstream region of an enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) expression cassette in a eukaryotic vector, which was then transfected into CHO cells. The results showed that PSAR2 did not effectively increase transgene expression when it was cloned into the upstream region of the eGFP expression cassette. However, when inserted downstream of the eGFP expression cassette, PSAR2-enhanced transient transgene expression and significantly increased the numbers of stably transfected cells compared with the control vector. Additionally, PSAR2 significantly increased eGFP copy numbers as compared with the control vector. PSAR2 could significantly enhance transgene expression in CHO cells according to the position in the vector and increased transgene copy numbers. We found a short chimeric sequence harboring two MARs effectively increased transgene expression in CHO cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Wen Wang
- Pharmacy College, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Xiao Guo
- Pharmacy College, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yan-Long Jia
- Pharmacy College, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yan-Fang Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Tian-Yun Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
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21
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Marin‐Bañasco C, Benabdellah K, Melero‐Jerez C, Oliver B, Pinto‐Medel MJ, Hurtado‐Guerrero I, de Castro F, Clemente D, Fernández O, Martin F, Leyva L, Suardíaz M. Gene therapy with mesenchymal stem cells expressing IFN-ß ameliorates neuroinflammation in experimental models of multiple sclerosis. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 174:238-253. [PMID: 27882538 PMCID: PMC5241389 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Recombinant IFN-ß is one of the first-line treatments in multiple sclerosis (MS), despite its lack of efficacy in some patients. In this context, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) represent a promising therapeutic alternative due to their immunomodulatory properties and multipotency. Moreover, by taking advantage of their pathotropism, these cells can be genetically modified to be used as carriers for delivering or secreting therapeutic drugs into injured tissues. Here, we report the therapeutic effect of systemic delivery of adipose-derived MSCs (AdMSCs), transduced with the IFN-β gene, into mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Relapsing-remitting and chronic progressive EAE were induced in mice. Cells were injected i.v. Disease severity, inflammation and tissue damage were assessed clinically, by flow cytometry of spleens and histopathological evaluation of the CNS respectively. KEY RESULTS Genetic engineering did not modify the biological characteristics of these AdMSCs (morphology, growth rate, immunophenotype and multipotency). Furthermore, the transduction of IFN-ß to AdMSCs maintained and, in some cases, enhanced the functional properties of AdMSCs by ameliorating the symptoms of MS in EAE models and by decreasing indications of peripheral and central neuro-inflammation. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Gene therapy was found to be more effective than cell therapy in ameliorating several clinical parameters in both EAE models, presumably due to the continuous expression of IFN-β. Furthermore, it has significant advantages over AdMSC therapy, and also over systemic IFN-ß treatment, by providing long-term expression of the cytokine at therapeutic concentrations and reducing the frequency of injections, while minimizing dose-limiting side effects.
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MESH Headings
- Adipose Tissue/cytology
- Animals
- Disease Models, Animal
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/genetics
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/physiopathology
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/therapy
- Female
- Flow Cytometry
- Genetic Therapy/methods
- Interferon-beta/genetics
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation/methods
- Mesenchymal Stem Cells/cytology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive/genetics
- Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive/physiopathology
- Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive/therapy
- Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting/genetics
- Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting/physiopathology
- Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting/therapy
- Severity of Illness Index
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Affiliation(s)
- C Marin‐Bañasco
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica Inter‐centros de Neurociencias, Laboratorio de Investigación y Servicio de Neurología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de MálagaUniversidad de MálagaSpain
| | - K Benabdellah
- Cell and Gene Therapy Group, Genomic Medicine DepartmentGENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer‐University of Granada‐Andalusian Regional GovernmentGranadaSpain
| | - C Melero‐Jerez
- Grupo de Neurobiología del Desarrollo‐GNDeInstituto Cajal‐CSIC28002MadridSpain
- Grupo de Neuroinmuno‐ReparaciónHospital Nacional de Parapléjicos45071ToledoSpain
- Red Española de Esclerosis Múltiple (REEM)BarcelonaSpain
| | - B Oliver
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica Inter‐centros de Neurociencias, Laboratorio de Investigación y Servicio de Neurología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de MálagaUniversidad de MálagaSpain
- Red Española de Esclerosis Múltiple (REEM)BarcelonaSpain
| | - M J Pinto‐Medel
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica Inter‐centros de Neurociencias, Laboratorio de Investigación y Servicio de Neurología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de MálagaUniversidad de MálagaSpain
- Red Española de Esclerosis Múltiple (REEM)BarcelonaSpain
| | - I Hurtado‐Guerrero
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica Inter‐centros de Neurociencias, Laboratorio de Investigación y Servicio de Neurología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de MálagaUniversidad de MálagaSpain
| | - F de Castro
- Grupo de Neurobiología del Desarrollo‐GNDeInstituto Cajal‐CSIC28002MadridSpain
- Grupo de Neurobiología del Desarrollo‐GNDeHospital Nacional de Parapléjicos45071ToledoSpain
- Red Española de Esclerosis Múltiple (REEM)BarcelonaSpain
| | - D Clemente
- Grupo de Neuroinmuno‐ReparaciónHospital Nacional de Parapléjicos45071ToledoSpain
- Grupo de Neurobiología del Desarrollo‐GNDeHospital Nacional de Parapléjicos45071ToledoSpain
- Red Española de Esclerosis Múltiple (REEM)BarcelonaSpain
| | - O Fernández
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica Inter‐centros de Neurociencias, Laboratorio de Investigación y Servicio de Neurología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de MálagaUniversidad de MálagaSpain
- Red Española de Esclerosis Múltiple (REEM)BarcelonaSpain
| | - F Martin
- Cell and Gene Therapy Group, Genomic Medicine DepartmentGENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer‐University of Granada‐Andalusian Regional GovernmentGranadaSpain
| | - L Leyva
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica Inter‐centros de Neurociencias, Laboratorio de Investigación y Servicio de Neurología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de MálagaUniversidad de MálagaSpain
- Red Española de Esclerosis Múltiple (REEM)BarcelonaSpain
| | - M Suardíaz
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica Inter‐centros de Neurociencias, Laboratorio de Investigación y Servicio de Neurología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de MálagaUniversidad de MálagaSpain
- Red Española de Esclerosis Múltiple (REEM)BarcelonaSpain
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22
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Prabhu V, Xu H. Endonuclease mediated genome editing in drug discovery and development: promises and challenges. DRUG DISCOVERY TODAY. TECHNOLOGIES 2016; 21-22:17-25. [PMID: 27978983 DOI: 10.1016/j.ddtec.2016.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Revised: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Site specific genome editing has been gradually employed in drug discovery and development process over the past few decades. Recent development of CRISPR technology has significantly accelerated the incorporation of genome editing in the bench side to bedside process. In this review, we summarize examples of applications of genome editing in the drug discovery and development process. We also discuss current hurdles and solutions of genome editing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidya Prabhu
- Therapeutic Discovery, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA 91320, USA
| | - Han Xu
- Therapeutic Discovery, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA 91320, USA.
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23
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Lent-On-Plus Lentiviral vectors for conditional expression in human stem cells. Sci Rep 2016; 6:37289. [PMID: 27853296 PMCID: PMC5112523 DOI: 10.1038/srep37289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Conditional transgene expression in human stem cells has been difficult to achieve due to the low efficiency of existing delivery methods, the strong silencing of the transgenes and the toxicity of the regulators. Most of the existing technologies are based on stem cells clones expressing appropriate levels of tTA or rtTA transactivators (based on the TetR-VP16 chimeras). In the present study, we aim the generation of Tet-On all-in-one lentiviral vectors (LVs) that tightly regulate transgene expression in human stem cells using the original TetR repressor. By using appropriate promoter combinations and shielding the LVs with the Is2 insulator, we have constructed the Lent-On-Plus Tet-On system that achieved efficient transgene regulation in human multipotent and pluripotent stem cells. The generation of inducible stem cell lines with the Lent-ON-Plus LVs did not require selection or cloning, and transgene regulation was maintained after long-term cultured and upon differentiation toward different lineages. To our knowledge, Lent-On-Plus is the first all-in-one vector system that tightly regulates transgene expression in bulk populations of human pluripotent stem cells and its progeny.
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24
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Chira S, Jackson CS, Oprea I, Ozturk F, Pepper MS, Diaconu I, Braicu C, Raduly LZ, Calin GA, Berindan-Neagoe I. Progresses towards safe and efficient gene therapy vectors. Oncotarget 2016; 6:30675-703. [PMID: 26362400 PMCID: PMC4741561 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 08/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of genetic engineering at the beginning of the 1970′s opened the era of biomedical technologies, which aims to improve human health using genetic manipulation techniques in a clinical context. Gene therapy represents an innovating and appealing strategy for treatment of human diseases, which utilizes vehicles or vectors for delivering therapeutic genes into the patients' body. However, a few past unsuccessful events that negatively marked the beginning of gene therapy resulted in the need for further studies regarding the design and biology of gene therapy vectors, so that this innovating treatment approach can successfully move from bench to bedside. In this paper, we review the major gene delivery vectors and recent improvements made in their design meant to overcome the issues that commonly arise with the use of gene therapy vectors. At the end of the manuscript, we summarized the main advantages and disadvantages of common gene therapy vectors and we discuss possible future directions for potential therapeutic vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergiu Chira
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Haţieganu", Cluj Napoca, Romania
| | - Carlo S Jackson
- Department of Immunology and Institute for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Iulian Oprea
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Cancer Center Karolinska, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ferhat Ozturk
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Canik Başari University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Michael S Pepper
- Department of Immunology and Institute for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | | | - Cornelia Braicu
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Haţieganu", Cluj Napoca, Romania
| | - Lajos-Zsolt Raduly
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Haţieganu", Cluj Napoca, Romania.,Department of Physiopathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj Napoca, Romania
| | - George A Calin
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ioana Berindan-Neagoe
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Haţieganu", Cluj Napoca, Romania.,Department of Immunology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Haţieganu", Cluj Napoca, Romania.,Department of Functional Genomics and Experimental Pathology, Oncological Institute "Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuţă", Cluj Napoca, Romania.,Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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25
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Alpharetroviral vectors: from a cancer-causing agent to a useful tool for human gene therapy. Viruses 2014; 6:4811-38. [PMID: 25490763 PMCID: PMC4276931 DOI: 10.3390/v6124811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2014] [Revised: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Gene therapy using integrating retroviral vectors has proven its effectiveness in several clinical trials for the treatment of inherited diseases and cancer. However, vector-mediated adverse events related to insertional mutagenesis were also observed, emphasizing the need for safer therapeutic vectors. Paradoxically, alpharetroviruses, originally discovered as cancer-causing agents, have a more random and potentially safer integration pattern compared to gammaretro- and lentiviruses. In this review, we provide a short overview of the history of alpharetroviruses and explain how they can be converted into state-of-the-art gene delivery tools with improved safety features. We discuss development of alpharetroviral vectors in compliance with regulatory requirements for clinical translation, and provide an outlook on possible future gene therapy applications. Taken together, this review is a broad overview of alpharetroviral vectors spanning the bridge from their parental virus discovery to their potential applicability in clinical settings.
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26
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Turan S, Qiao J, Madden S, Benham C, Kotz M, Schambach A, Bode J. Expanding Flp-RMCE options: the potential of Recombinase Mediated Twin-Site Targeting (RMTT). Gene 2014; 546:135-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2014.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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