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Holmannova D, Borsky P, Andrys C, Kremlacek J, Fiala Z, Parova H, Rehacek V, Esterkova M, Poctova G, Maresova T, Borska L. The Influence of Metabolic Syndrome on Potential Aging Biomarkers in Participants with Metabolic Syndrome Compared to Healthy Controls. Biomedicines 2024; 12:242. [PMID: 38275413 PMCID: PMC10813522 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biological aging is a physiological process that can be altered by various factors. The presence of a chronic metabolic disease can accelerate aging and increase the risk of further chronic diseases. The aim of the study was to determine whether the presence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) affects levels of markers that are associated with, among other things, aging. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 169 subjects (58 with MetS, and 111 without metabolic syndrome, i.e., non-MetS) participated in the study. Levels of telomerase, GDF11/15, sirtuin 1, follistatin, NLRP3, AGEs, klotho, DNA/RNA damage, NAD+, vitamin D, and blood lipids were assessed from blood samples using specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. RESULTS Telomerase (p < 0.01), DNA/RNA damage (p < 0.006) and GDF15 (p < 0.02) were higher in MetS group compared to non-MetS group. Only vitamin D levels were higher in the non-MetS group (p < 0.0002). Differences between MetS and non-MetS persons were also detected in groups divided according to age: in under 35-year-olds and those aged 35-50 years. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that people with MetS compared to those without MetS have higher levels of some of the measured markers of biological aging. Thus, the presence of MetS may accelerate biological aging, which may be associated with an increased risk of chronic comorbidities that accompany MetS (cardiovascular, inflammatory, autoimmune, neurodegenerative, metabolic, or cancer diseases) and risk of premature death from all causes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Drahomira Holmannova
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic (L.B.)
| | - Pavel Borsky
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic (L.B.)
| | - Ctirad Andrys
- Institute of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, University Hospital Hradec Kralove and Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Kremlacek
- Institute of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Zdenek Fiala
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic (L.B.)
| | - Helena Parova
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Diagnostics, University Hospital Hradec Kralove and Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Vit Rehacek
- Transfusion Department, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Monika Esterkova
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic (L.B.)
| | - Gabriela Poctova
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic (L.B.)
| | - Tereza Maresova
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic (L.B.)
| | - Lenka Borska
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic (L.B.)
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Rajan PK, Udoh UAS, Nakafuku Y, Pierre SV, Sanabria J. Normalization of the ATP1A1 Signalosome Rescinds Epigenetic Modifications and Induces Cell Autophagy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cells 2023; 12:2367. [PMID: 37830582 PMCID: PMC10572209 DOI: 10.3390/cells12192367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. In metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH)-related HCC, cellular redox imbalance from metabolic disturbances leads to dysregulation of the α1-subunit of the Na/K-ATPase (ATP1A1) signalosome. We have recently reported that the normalization of this pathway exhibited tumor suppressor activity in MASH-HCC. We hypothesized that dysregulated signaling from the ATP1A1, mediated by cellular metabolic stress, promotes aberrant epigenetic modifications including abnormal post-translational histone modifications and dysfunctional autophagic activity, leading to HCC development and progression. Increased H3K9 acetylation (H3K9ac) and H3K9 tri-methylation (H3K9me3) were observed in human HCC cell lines, HCC-xenograft and MASH-HCC mouse models, and epigenetic changes were associated with decreased cell autophagy in HCC cell lines. Inhibition of the pro-autophagic transcription factor FoxO1 was associated with elevated protein carbonylation and decreased levels of reduced glutathione (GSH). In contrast, normalization of the ATP1A1 signaling significantly decreased H3K9ac and H3K9me3, in vitro and in vivo, with concomitant nuclear localization of FoxO1, heightening cell autophagy and cancer-cell apoptotic activities in treated HCC cell lines. Our results showed the critical role of the ATP1A1 signalosome in HCC development and progression through epigenetic modifications and impaired cell autophagy activity, highlighting the importance of the ATP1A1 pathway as a potential therapeutic target for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradeep Kumar Rajan
- Department of Surgery, Marshall Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Marshall University School of Medicine, Huntington, WV 25701, USA; (P.K.R.); (U.-A.S.U.); (Y.N.); (S.V.P.)
| | - Utibe-Abasi S. Udoh
- Department of Surgery, Marshall Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Marshall University School of Medicine, Huntington, WV 25701, USA; (P.K.R.); (U.-A.S.U.); (Y.N.); (S.V.P.)
| | - Yuto Nakafuku
- Department of Surgery, Marshall Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Marshall University School of Medicine, Huntington, WV 25701, USA; (P.K.R.); (U.-A.S.U.); (Y.N.); (S.V.P.)
| | - Sandrine V. Pierre
- Department of Surgery, Marshall Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Marshall University School of Medicine, Huntington, WV 25701, USA; (P.K.R.); (U.-A.S.U.); (Y.N.); (S.V.P.)
| | - Juan Sanabria
- Department of Surgery, Marshall Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Marshall University School of Medicine, Huntington, WV 25701, USA; (P.K.R.); (U.-A.S.U.); (Y.N.); (S.V.P.)
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolomic Core Facility, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44100, USA
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3
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Moghadam D, Zarei R, Vakili S, Ghojoghi R, Zarezade V, Veisi A, Sabaghan M, Azadbakht O, Behrouj H. The effect of natural polyphenols Resveratrol, Gallic acid, and Kuromanin chloride on human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) expression in HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma: role of SIRT1/Nrf2 signaling pathway and oxidative stress. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:77-84. [PMID: 36307623 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-08031-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is evidence that low doses or physiological concentrations of certain natural polyphenols enhance the activity of telomerase. However, the precise mechanism by which natural polyphenols regulate telomerase activity remains unclear. Recent research indicates that NF-E2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) and silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) are involved in human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) regulation. Thus, in order to better comprehend the mechanism by which polyphenols regulate hTERT, the present study investigated the effects of the natural polyphenols Resveratrol, Gallic acid, and Kuromanin chloride on hTERT, Nrf2, and SIRT1 expression as well as oxidative stress in HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma. METHODS The trypan blue dye exclusion assay was used to assess cell viability. The level of mRNA for hTERT, Nrf2, and SIRT1 was then determined using real-time PCR. A spectrophotometric analysis was conducted to quantify oxidative stress markers. RESULTS The results demonstrated that Resveratrol induces the expression of hTERT and the SIRT1/Nrf2 pathway in a dose-dependent manner. Gallic acid at concentrations of 10 and 20 μM also increased the expression of the hTERT and SIRT1/Nrf2 pathway. Furthermore, dose-dependent overexpression of hTERT and Nrf2 was induced by Kuromanin chloride at 10 and 20 µM. Moreover, we found that Resveratrol and Kuromanin chloride ameliorated oxidative stress, whereas Gallic acid exacerbated it. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that low doses of polyphenols (Resveratrol, Gallic acid, and Kuromanin chloride) upregulate the expression of the hTERT gene in the HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma cell line, possibly via induction of the SIRT1/Nrf2 signaling pathway. Therefore, by targeting this pathway or hTERT, the anti-cancer effect of polyphenols can be enhanced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delaram Moghadam
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Reza Zarei
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sina Vakili
- Infertility Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Rozita Ghojoghi
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Vahid Zarezade
- Behbahan Faculty of Medical Sciences, Behbahan, Iran.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ali Veisi
- Behbahan Faculty of Medical Sciences, Behbahan, Iran
| | | | | | - Hamid Behrouj
- Behbahan Faculty of Medical Sciences, Behbahan, Iran.
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Kato K, Kawaguchi A, Nagata K. Template activating factor-I epigenetically regulates the TERT transcription in human cancer cells. Sci Rep 2021; 11:17726. [PMID: 34489496 PMCID: PMC8421516 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97009-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Telomere, the terminus of linear chromosome in eukaryotes, is composed of specific repeat DNA which is mainly synthesized by a protein complex called telomerase. The maintenance of telomere DNA is important for unlimited proliferative capacity of cancer cells. The telomerase activity is controlled by the expression level of telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT), a catalytic unit of telomerase, in some species including human. Therefore, to reveal the regulatory mechanisms of the transcription of TERT gene is important for understanding the tumor development. We found that template activating factor-I (TAF-I), a multifunctional nuclear protein, is involved in the transcriptional activation of TERT for the maintenance of telomere DNA in HeLa cells. TAF-I maintains the histone H3 modifications involved in transcriptional activation and hypomethylated cytosines in CpG dinucleotides around the transcription start site (TSS) in the TERT gene locus. Collectively, TAF-I is involved in the maintenance of telomere DNA through the regulation of TERT transcription, then consequently the occurrence and/or recurrence of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohsuke Kato
- Department of Infection Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, 305-8575, Japan.
| | - Atsushi Kawaguchi
- Department of Infection Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, 305-8575, Japan.,Transborder Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.,Microbiology Research Center for Sustainability, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Kyosuke Nagata
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.
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5
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Tao L, Zhang W, Zhang Y, Zhang M, Zhang Y, Niu X, Zhao Q, Liu Z, Li Y, Diao A. Caffeine promotes the expression of telomerase reverse transcriptase to regulate cellular senescence and aging. Food Funct 2021; 12:2914-2924. [PMID: 33720241 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo03246h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Telomere shortening is one of the main causes of cellular senescence. Caffeine is a natural stimulant most commonly found in coffee and tea. In this study, caffeine was found to promote the expression of telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) at both mRNA and protein levels, and consequently extended the telomere length and prevented cellular senescence. Knockdown of TERT eliminated the effect of caffeine on telomere elongation. Moreover, animal studies indicated that caffeine promoted the expression of TERT and extended the telomere length in the thymus and spleen of mice treated with caffeine for a long period of eight months. In addition, caffeine restored the decline of organ index and improved the histological structural change of the thymus, spleen and liver of mice due to aging. These results suggest that caffeine promotes the expression of TERT to delay cellular senescence and aging, which help to understand the mechanism for the beneficial effects of caffeine containing foods on health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Tao
- School of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Key Lab of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin 300457, China.
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6
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Dogan F, Forsyth NR. Telomerase Regulation: A Role for Epigenetics. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13061213. [PMID: 33802026 PMCID: PMC8000866 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13061213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Maintenance of telomeres is a fundamental step in human carcinogenesis and is primarily regulated by telomerase and the human telomerase reverse transcriptase gene (TERT). Improved understanding of the transcriptional control of this gene may provide potential therapeutic targets. Epigenetic modifications are a prominent mechanism to control telomerase activity and regulation of the TERT gene. TERT-targeting miRNAs have been widely studied and their function explained through pre-clinical in vivo model-based validation studies. Further, histone deacetylase inhibitors are now in pre and early clinical trials with significant clinical success. Importantly, TERT downregulation through epigenetic modifications including TERT promoter methylation, histone deacetylase inhibitors, and miRNA activity might contribute to clinical study design. This review provides an overview of the epigenetic mechanisms involved in the regulation of TERT expression and telomerase activity. Abstract Telomerase was first described by Greider and Blackburn in 1984, a discovery ultimately recognized by the Nobel Prize committee in 2009. The three decades following on from its discovery have been accompanied by an increased understanding of the fundamental mechanisms of telomerase activity, and its role in telomere biology. Telomerase has a clearly defined role in telomere length maintenance and an established influence on DNA replication, differentiation, survival, development, apoptosis, tumorigenesis, and a further role in therapeutic resistance in human stem and cancer cells including those of breast and cervical origin. TERT encodes the catalytic subunit and rate-limiting factor for telomerase enzyme activity. The mechanisms of activation or silencing of TERT remain open to debate across somatic, cancer, and stem cells. Promoter mutations upstream of TERT may promote dysregulated telomerase activation in tumour cells but additional factors including epigenetic, transcriptional and posttranscriptional modifications also have a role to play. Previous systematic analysis indicated methylation and mutation of the TERT promoter in 53% and 31%, respectively, of TERT expressing cancer cell lines supporting the concept of a key role for epigenetic alteration associated with TERT dysregulation and cellular transformation. Epigenetic regulators including DNA methylation, histone modification, and non-coding RNAs are now emerging as drivers in the regulation of telomeres and telomerase activity. Epigenetic regulation may be responsible for reversible silencing of TERT in several biological processes including development and differentiation, and increased TERT expression in cancers. Understanding the epigenetic mechanisms behind telomerase regulation holds important prospects for cancer treatment, diagnosis and prognosis. This review will focus on the role of epigenetics in telomerase regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Dogan
- The Guy Hilton Research Laboratories, School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Keele University, Stoke on Trent ST4 7QB, UK;
| | - Nicholas R. Forsyth
- The Guy Hilton Research Laboratories, School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Keele University, Stoke on Trent ST4 7QB, UK;
- School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Correspondence:
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7
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Balmer P, Hariton WVJ, Sayar BS, Jagannathan V, Galichet A, Leeb T, Roosje P, Müller EJ. SUV39H2 epigenetic silencing controls fate conversion of epidermal stem and progenitor cells. J Cell Biol 2021; 220:211810. [PMID: 33604655 PMCID: PMC7898489 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201908178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic histone trimethylation on lysine 9 (H3K9me3) represents a major molecular signal for genome stability and gene silencing conserved from worms to man. However, the functional role of the H3K9 trimethylases SUV39H1/2 in mammalian tissue homeostasis remains largely unknown. Here, we use a spontaneous dog model with monogenic inheritance of a recessive SUV39H2 loss-of-function variant and impaired differentiation in the epidermis, a self-renewing tissue fueled by stem and progenitor cell proliferation and differentiation. Our results demonstrate that SUV39H2 maintains the stem and progenitor cell pool by restricting fate conversion through H3K9me3 repressive marks on gene promoters encoding components of the Wnt/p63/adhesion axis. When SUV39H2 function is lost, repression is relieved, and enhanced Wnt activity causes progenitor cells to prematurely exit the cell cycle, a process mimicked by pharmacological Wnt activation in primary canine, human, and mouse keratinocytes. As a consequence, the stem cell growth potential of cultured SUV39H2-deficient canine keratinocytes is exhausted while epidermal differentiation and genome stability are compromised. Collectively, our data identify SUV39H2 and potentially also SUV39H1 as major gatekeepers in the delicate balance of progenitor fate conversion through H3K9me3 rate-limiting road blocks in basal layer keratinocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Balmer
- Division of Clinical Dermatology, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Dermfocus, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department for BioMedical Research, Molecular Dermatology and Stem Cell Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Dermatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - William V J Hariton
- Dermfocus, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department for BioMedical Research, Molecular Dermatology and Stem Cell Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Dermatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Beyza S Sayar
- Dermfocus, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department for BioMedical Research, Molecular Dermatology and Stem Cell Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Dermatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Vidhya Jagannathan
- Dermfocus, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Arnaud Galichet
- Dermfocus, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department for BioMedical Research, Molecular Dermatology and Stem Cell Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Dermatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Tosso Leeb
- Dermfocus, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Petra Roosje
- Division of Clinical Dermatology, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Dermfocus, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Eliane J Müller
- Dermfocus, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department for BioMedical Research, Molecular Dermatology and Stem Cell Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Dermatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Institute of Animal Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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8
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Li S, Chen M, Wu H, Li Y, Tollefsbol TO. Maternal Epigenetic Regulation Contributes to Prevention of Estrogen Receptor-negative Mammary Cancer with Broccoli Sprout Consumption. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2020; 13:449-462. [PMID: 32184225 PMCID: PMC7203003 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-19-0491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Cruciferous vegetables have been of special interest due to the rich presence of bioactive compounds such as sulforaphane which show promising potential on cancer prevention and therapy as an epigenetic dietary strategy. Abnormal epigenetic alteration as one of the primary contributors to tumor development is closely related to breast cancer initiation and progression. In the present study, we investigated the effect of dietary broccoli sprouts (BSp), a common cruciferous vegetable, on prevention of estrogen receptor (ER)-negative mammary tumors at three different temporal exposure windows using a spontaneous breast cancer mouse model. Our findings indicate that maternal BSp treatment exhibited profound inhibitory and preventive effects on mammary cancer formation in the nontreated mouse offspring. The BSp diet administered to adult mice also showed suppressive effects on mammary cancer but was not as profound as the maternal BSp preventive effects. Moreover, such protective effects were linked with differentially expressed tumor- and epigenetic-related genes, as well as altered global histone acetylation, DNA methylation, and DNA hydroxymethylation levels. We also found that the expression changes of tumor-related genes were associated with the levels of histone methylation of H3K4 and H3K9 in the gene promoter regions. In addition, BSp-enriched sulforaphane was shown to increase protein expression of tumor suppressor genes such as p16 and p53 and inhibit the protein levels of Bmi1, DNA methyltransferases, and histone deacetylases in ERα-negative breast cancer cell lines. Collectively, these results suggest that maternal exposure to key phytochemicals may contribute to ER-negative mammary tumor prevention in their offspring through epigenetic regulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shizhao Li
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Huixin Wu
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri.
| | - Trygve O Tollefsbol
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama.
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
- Nutrition Obesity Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
- Comprehensive Center for Healthy Aging, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
- Comprehensive Diabetes Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
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9
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Li Q, Bai D, Qin L, Shao M, Liu X, Zhang S, Yan C, Yu G, Hao J. Protective Effect of L-Hexaguluroic Acid Hexasodium Salt on UVA-Induced Photo-Aging in HaCaT Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E1201. [PMID: 32054061 PMCID: PMC7072793 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to show the α-L-Hexaguluroic acid hexasodium salt (G6) protective effect against UVA-induced photoaging of human keratinocyte cells. We found that G6 localized to the mitochondria and improved mitochondrial functions. G6 increased respiratory chain complex activities, which led to increased cellular ATP content and NAD+/NADH ratio. Thus, G6 alleviated the oxidative stress state in UVA-irradiated cells. Moreover, G6 can regulate the SIRT1/pGC-1α pathway, which enhanced the cells' viability and mitochondria energy metabolism. Notably, the anti-photoaging potential of G6 was directly associated with the increased level of MMP and SIRT1, which was followed by the upregulation of pGC-1α, D-LOOP, and Mt-TFA, and with the transcriptional activation of NRF1/NRF2. Taking all of the results together, we conclude that G6 could protect HaCaT cells from UVA-induced photo-aging via the regulation of mitochondria energy metabolism and its downstream signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (Q.L.); (D.B.); (L.Q.); (M.S.); (X.L.); (S.Z.); (C.Y.)
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Donghui Bai
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (Q.L.); (D.B.); (L.Q.); (M.S.); (X.L.); (S.Z.); (C.Y.)
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Ling Qin
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (Q.L.); (D.B.); (L.Q.); (M.S.); (X.L.); (S.Z.); (C.Y.)
| | - Meng Shao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (Q.L.); (D.B.); (L.Q.); (M.S.); (X.L.); (S.Z.); (C.Y.)
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Xi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (Q.L.); (D.B.); (L.Q.); (M.S.); (X.L.); (S.Z.); (C.Y.)
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (Q.L.); (D.B.); (L.Q.); (M.S.); (X.L.); (S.Z.); (C.Y.)
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Chengxiu Yan
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (Q.L.); (D.B.); (L.Q.); (M.S.); (X.L.); (S.Z.); (C.Y.)
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Guangli Yu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (Q.L.); (D.B.); (L.Q.); (M.S.); (X.L.); (S.Z.); (C.Y.)
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Jiejie Hao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (Q.L.); (D.B.); (L.Q.); (M.S.); (X.L.); (S.Z.); (C.Y.)
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China
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10
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Epigenetic regulation of histone H3 in the process of hepatocellular tumorigenesis. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20191815. [PMID: 31320544 PMCID: PMC6680372 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20191815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Better understanding of epigenetic regulation of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) will help us to cure this most common malignant liver cancer worldwide. The underlying mechanisms of HCC tumorigenesis are genomic aberrations regulated by genetic and epigenetic modifications. Histone H3 lysine modifications regulate histone structure and modulate transcriptional factor binding with target gene promoters. Targetting genes include VASH2, fatty acids synthase, RIZ1, FBP1, MPP1/3, YAP, which affect tumorigenesis, metabolisms, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Signal pathway studies demonstrate that the HGF-MET-MLL axis, phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)-PI3K-Akt axis; WNT-β-catenin signal pathway is involved in histone H3 modification. A variety of factors such as virus infection, reactive oxygen species, food-borne toxins, irradiation, or non-coding RNA cause hepatocellular DNA damage or modification. Dysfunctional DNA repair mechanisms, including those at the epigenetic level are also major causes of HCC tumorigenesis. The development of therapies based on epigenetic regulatory mechanisms has great potential to advance the care of HCC patients in the future.
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11
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Jie MM, Chang X, Zeng S, Liu C, Liao GB, Wu YR, Liu CH, Hu CJ, Yang SM, Li XZ. Diverse regulatory manners of human telomerase reverse transcriptase. Cell Commun Signal 2019; 17:63. [PMID: 31186051 PMCID: PMC6560729 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-019-0372-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) is the core subunit of human telomerase and plays important roles in human cancers. Aberrant expression of hTERT is closely associated with tumorigenesis, cancer cell stemness maintaining, cell proliferation, apoptosis inhibition, senescence evasion and metastasis. The molecular basis of hTERT regulation is highly complicated and consists of various layers. A deep and full-scale comprehension of the regulatory mechanisms of hTERT is pivotal in understanding the pathogenesis and searching for therapeutic approaches. In this review, we summarize the recent advances regarding the diverse regulatory mechanisms of hTERT, including the transcriptional (promoter mutation, promoter region methylation and histone acetylation), post-transcriptional (mRNA alternative splicing and non-coding RNAs) and post-translational levels (phosphorylation and ubiquitination), which may provide novel perspectives for further translational diagnosis or therapeutic strategies targeting hTERT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Meng Jie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Xing Chang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Shuo Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Cheng Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Guo-Bin Liao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Ya-Ran Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Chun-Hua Liu
- Teaching evaluation center of Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Chang-Jiang Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Shi-Ming Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400037, China.
| | - Xin-Zhe Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400037, China.
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12
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Prenatal exposure to testosterone induces cardiac hypertrophy in adult female rats through enhanced Pkcδ expression in cardiac myocytes. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2019; 128:1-10. [PMID: 30641088 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2019.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 10/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
High circulating androgen in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease in offspring. The aim of the present study is to investigate whether maternal androgen excess in the rat PCOS model would lead to cardiac hypertrophy in offspring. Maternal testosterone propionate (maternal-TP)-treated adult female offspring displayed cardiac hypertrophy associated with local high cardiac dihydrotestosterone (DHT). The molecular markers of cardiac hypertrophy along with androgen receptor (AR) and PKCδ, were increased in the Maternal-TP group. Treatment of primary neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocytes (NRCMs) and H9c2 cells with DHT significantly increased cell size and upregulated PKCδ expression, which could be attenuated by AR antagonist. Treatment with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), a PKC activator, significantly increased cell size and upregulated myh7 level. Rottlerin, that may inhibit PKCδ, significantly reduced the hypertrophic effect of DHT and PMA on NRCMs and H9c2 cells. Chromatin immunoprecipitation revealed that AR could bind to Pkcδ promoter. Our results indicate that prenatal exposure to testosterone may induce cardiac hypertrophy in adult female rats through enhanced Pkcδ expression in cardiac myocytes.
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13
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Lei D, Huang Y, Xie H, Yi Y, Long J, Lin S, Huang C, Jian D, Li J. Fluorofenidone inhibits UV-A induced senescence in human dermal fibroblasts via the mammalian target of rapamycin-dependent SIRT1 pathway. J Dermatol 2018; 45:791-798. [PMID: 29726032 PMCID: PMC6055727 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.14304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of fluorofenidone (5‐methyl‐1‐[3‐fluorophenyl]‐2‐[1H]‐pyridone, AKF‐PD) on ultraviolet (UV)‐A‐induced senescence in human dermal fibroblasts (HDF) and examine the mechanisms involved. HDF were treated with AKF‐PD. Senescence‐associated (SA)‐β‐galactosidase level, cell viability and expression of p16 were evaluated. In addition, UV‐A‐irradiated HDF were treated with AKF‐PD, rapamycin and MHY1485; SA‐β‐galactosidase staining, 3‐(4 5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2 5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay and western blot for SIRT1 were performed; and phosphorylated mammalian target of rapamycin (p‐mTOR) expression and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were measured. Intracellular ROS was detected by the 2′,7′‐dichlorofluroescein diacetate probe. Our results showed that AKF‐PD substantially attenuated the changes of p16 expression, SA‐β‐galactosidase staining and cellular proliferation induced by UV‐A irradiation in HDF. AKF‐PD rescued the increased mTOR phosphorylation and reduced SIRT1 expression induced by UV‐A irradiation in HDF. AKF‐PD and rapamycin together had a synergistic effect on p‐mTOR reduction and SIRT1 increase. mTOR activator MHY1485 partly blocked the above effects. Moreover, intracellular ROS level induced by UV‐A irradiation could partly decrease by AKF‐PD, and MHY1485 could reduce this effect. Our results indicated that AKF‐PD could alleviate HDF senescence induced by UV‐A‐irradiation by inhibiting the p‐mTOR and increasing SIRT1. Moreover, AKF‐PD may be a potential treatment material for skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Lei
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yingxue Huang
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hongfu Xie
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yuxin Yi
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Juan Long
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shangqing Lin
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chuchu Huang
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Dan Jian
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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14
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Aten S, Hansen KF, Snider K, Wheaton K, Kalidindi A, Garcia A, Alzate-Correa D, Hoyt KR, Obrietan K. miR-132 couples the circadian clock to daily rhythms of neuronal plasticity and cognition. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 25:214-229. [PMID: 29661834 PMCID: PMC5903403 DOI: 10.1101/lm.047191.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The microRNA miR-132 serves as a key regulator of a wide range of plasticity-associated processes in the central nervous system. Interestingly, miR-132 expression has also been shown to be under the control of the circadian timing system. This finding, coupled with work showing that miR-132 is expressed in the hippocampus, where it influences neuronal morphology and memory, led us to test the idea that daily rhythms in miR-132 within the forebrain modulate cognition as a function of circadian time. Here, we show that hippocampal miR-132 expression is gated by the time-of-day, with peak levels occurring during the circadian night. Further, in miR-132 knockout mice and in transgenic mice, where miR-132 is constitutively expressed under the control of the tetracycline regulator system, we found that time-of-day dependent memory recall (as assessed via novel object location and contextual fear conditioning paradigms) was suppressed. Given that miRNAs exert their functional effects via the suppression of target gene expression, we examined the effects that transgenic miR-132 manipulations have on MeCP2 and Sirt1-two miR-132 targets that are associated with neuronal plasticity and cognition. In mice where miR-132 was either knocked out, or transgenically expressed, rhythmic expression of MeCP2 and Sirt1 was suppressed. Taken together, these results raise the prospect that miR-132 serves as a key route through which the circadian timing system imparts a daily rhythm on cognitive capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sydney Aten
- Department of Neuroscience, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Katelin F Hansen
- Department of Neuroscience, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Kaitlin Snider
- Department of Neuroscience, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Kelin Wheaton
- Division of Pharmacology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Anisha Kalidindi
- Department of Neuroscience, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Ashley Garcia
- Department of Neuroscience, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | | | - Kari R Hoyt
- Division of Pharmacology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Karl Obrietan
- Department of Neuroscience, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
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15
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Elevated TERT Expression in TERT-Wildtype Adult Diffuse Gliomas: Histological Evaluation with a Novel TERT-Specific Antibody. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:7945845. [PMID: 29693015 PMCID: PMC5859900 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7945845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Revised: 12/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) is important for the biology of diffuse gliomas. TERT promoter mutations are selectively observed among 1p/19q-codeleted oligodendrogliomas and isocitrate dehydrogenase gene- (IDH-) wildtype glioblastoma (GBM). However, TERT transcripts range widely in various cancers including gliomas, and TERT protein expression has been rarely investigated thus far. It would be thus critical to examine the expression level of TERT in tumors in addition to its mutational status, and sensitive and specific methods are urgently needed to examine TERT protein expression for the assessment of TERT biology in gliomas. Using our newly developed TERT-specific monoclonal antibody (TMab-6) applicable to human tissue, we found an unexpected increase in TERT expression in TERT-wildtype as well as TERT-mutated gliomas and in tumor vasculature. This is the first extensive analysis on the expression of TERT immunoreactivity in human glioma tissue, suggesting that TERT protein expression may be regulated by several mechanisms in addition to its promoter mutation.
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16
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More than a powerplant: the influence of mitochondrial transfer on the epigenome. CURRENT OPINION IN PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 3:16-24. [PMID: 29750205 DOI: 10.1016/j.cophys.2017.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Each cell in the human body, with the exception of red blood cells, contains multiple copies of mitochondria that house their own genetic material, the maternally inherited mitochondrial DNA. Mitochondria are the cell's powerplant due to their massive ATP generation. However, the mitochondrion is also a hub for metabolite production from the TCA cycle, fatty acid beta-oxidation, and ketogenesis. In addition to producing macromolecules for biosynthetic reactions and cell replication, several mitochondrial intermediate metabolites serve as cofactors or substrates for epigenome modifying enzymes that regulate chromatin structure and impact gene expression. Here, we discuss connections between mitochondrial metabolites and enzymatic writers and erasers of chromatin modifications. We do this from the unique perspective of cell-to-cell mitochondrial transfer and its potential impact on mitochondrial replacement therapies.
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17
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Zhang B, Deng C, Wang L, Zhou F, Zhang S, Kang W, Zhan P, Chen J, Shen S, Guo H, Zhang M, Wang Y, Zhang F, Zhang W, Xiao J, Kong B, Friess H, Zhuge Y, Yan H, Zou X. Upregulation of UBE2Q1 via gene copy number gain in hepatocellular carcinoma promotes cancer progression through β-catenin-EGFR-PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling pathway. Mol Carcinog 2017; 57:201-215. [PMID: 29027712 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Revised: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of liver cancer and represents a highly malignant tumor with a poor prognosis. Therapeutic modalities for HCC are limited and generally ineffective. UBE2Q1 is a putative E2 ubiquitin conjugating enzyme, and has been shown to be overexpressed in various types of cancers including HCC. How UBE2Q1 contributes to hepatocarcinogenesis remains unknown. Here, we show that UBE2Q1 is up-regulated in HCC cell lines and in a subset of human HCC tissues. Up-regulation of UBE2Q1 in primary HCC tumors was significantly correlated with shorter overall survival and disease-free survival. Mechanistically, we showed that the frequent up-regulation of UBE2Q1 in HCCs was attributed to the recurrent UBE2Q1 gene copy gain at chromosome 1q21. Functionally, we showed that knockdown of UBE2Q1 reduced HCC cell proliferation, promoted apoptosis via induction of GADD45α, and suppressed orthotopic tumorigenicity both in vitro and in vivo. Inactivation of UBE2Q1 also impeded HCC cell migration and invasion in vitro through regulating EMT process, and suppressed HCC metastasis in vivo. Interestingly, our data revealed a role of UBE2Q1 in the regulation of β-catenin-EGFR-PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling pathway. Our findings indicate that UBE2Q1 is a candidate oncogene involved in HCC development and progression and therefore a potential therapeutic target in applicable HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University, Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chao Deng
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University, Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University, Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fan Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University, Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shu Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University, Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Kang
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Institute of Digestive Disease, Partner State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ping Zhan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University, Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Juan Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology on Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shanshan Shen
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University, Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huimin Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University, Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University, Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University, Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University, Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University, Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiangqiang Xiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University, Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bo Kong
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University, Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Surgery, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Helmut Friess
- Department of Surgery, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Yuzheng Zhuge
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University, Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongli Yan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Changhai Hospital, the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoping Zou
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University, Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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18
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Zhang B, Zhang Y, Zou X, Chan AW, Zhang R, Lee TKW, Liu H, Lau EYT, Ho NPY, Lai PB, Cheung YS, To KF, Wong HK, Choy KW, Keng VW, Chow LM, Chan KK, Cheng AS, Ko BC. The CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF)-forkhead box protein M1 axis regulates tumour growth and metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Pathol 2017; 243:418-430. [PMID: 28862757 PMCID: PMC5725705 DOI: 10.1002/path.4976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Revised: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
CCCTC‐binding factor (CTCF) is a DNA‐binding protein that interacts with a large number of highly divergent target sequences throughout the genome. It is implicated in a variety of functions, including chromatin organization and transcriptional control. The functional role of CTCF in tumour pathogenesis remains elusive. We showed that CTCF is frequently upregulated in a subset of primary hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) as compared with non‐tumoural liver. Overexpression of CTCF was associated with shorter disease‐free survival of patients. Short hairpin RNA (shRNA)‐mediated suppression of CTCF inhibited cell proliferation, motility and invasiveness in HCC cell lines; these effects were correlated with prominent reductions in the expression of telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT), the shelterin complex member telomerase repeat‐binding factor 1, and forkhead box protein M1 (FOXM1). In contrast, upregulation of CTCF was positively correlated with FOXM1 and TERT expression in clinical HCC biopsies. Depletion of CTCF resulted in reduced motility and invasiveness in HCC cells that could be reversed by ectopic expression of FOXM1, suggesting that FOXM1 is one of the important downstream effectors of CTCF in HCC. Reporter gene analysis suggested that depletion of CTCF is associated with reduced FOXM1 and TERT promoter activity. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)–polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis further revealed occupancy of the FOXM1 promoter by CTCF in vivo. Importantly, depletion of CTCF by shRNA significantly inhibited tumour progression and metastasis in HCC mouse models. Our work uncovered a novel functional role of CTCF in HCC pathogenesis, which suggests that targeting CTCF could be further explored as a potential therapeutic strategy for HCC. © 2017 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Yajing Zhang
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, PR China.,Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, PR China.,State Key Laboratory of Chirosciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, PR China
| | - Xiaoping Zou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Anthony Wh Chan
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, PR China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, PR China.,State Key Laboratory of Chirosciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, PR China
| | - Terence Kin-Wah Lee
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, PR China.,State Key Laboratory of Chirosciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, PR China
| | - Hang Liu
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, PR China
| | - Eunice Yuen-Ting Lau
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, PR China
| | - Nicole Pui-Yu Ho
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, PR China
| | - Paul Bs Lai
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, PR China
| | - Yue-Sun Cheung
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, PR China
| | - Ka-Fai To
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, PR China
| | - Hoi Kin Wong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, PR China
| | - Kwong Wai Choy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, PR China
| | - Vincent W Keng
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, PR China
| | - Larry Mc Chow
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, PR China.,State Key Laboratory of Chirosciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, PR China
| | - Kenrick Ky Chan
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, PR China
| | - Alfred S Cheng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, PR China
| | - Ben Cb Ko
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, PR China.,Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, PR China.,State Key Laboratory of Chirosciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, PR China
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19
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Zhang B, Shi X, Xu G, Kang W, Zhang W, Zhang S, Cao Y, Qian L, Zhan P, Yan H, To KF, Wang L, Zou X. Elevated PRC1 in gastric carcinoma exerts oncogenic function and is targeted by piperlongumine in a p53-dependent manner. J Cell Mol Med 2017; 21:1329-1341. [PMID: 28190297 PMCID: PMC5487922 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric carcinoma is one of the most common malignancies worldwide and the second most frequent cause of cancer-related death in China. Protein regulator of cytokinesis 1 (PRC1) is involved in cytokinesis and plays key roles in microtubule organization in eukaryotes. This study was aimed to analyse the expression and to investigate the functional role of PRC1 in gastric tumorigenesis. The expression of PRC1 was evaluated by qRT-PCR, Western blot and immunohistochemistry. The biological function of PRC1 was determined by CCK-8 proliferation assays, monolayer colony formation, xenografted nude mice and cell invasion assays by shRNA-mediated knockdown in AGS and HGC27 cells. The regulation of PRC1 expression by piperlongumine was also investigated using dual-luciferase reporter assay and ChIP-qPCR analysis. PRC1 was up-regulated in primary gastric cancers. Overexpression of PRC1 in gastric cancers was associated with poor disease-specific survival and overall survival. PRC1 knockdown in AGS and HGC27 cell lines suppressed proliferation, reduced monolayer colony formation, inhibited cell invasion and migration ability and induced cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis. Inhibition of PRC1 also suppressed tumour growth in vivo. We finally confirmed that PRC1 is a novel downstream target of piperlongumine in gastric cancer. Our findings supported the oncogenic role of PRC1 in gastric carcinogenesis. PRC1 might serve as a prognostic biomarker and potential therapeutic target for gastric carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhang
- Department of GastroenterologyMedical SchoolThe Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Xiaoting Shi
- Department of GastroenterologyMedical SchoolThe Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Guifang Xu
- Department of GastroenterologyMedical SchoolThe Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Wei Kang
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular PathologyState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaInstitute of Digestive DiseasePartner State Key Laboratory of Digestive DiseasePrince of Wales HospitalThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina
| | - Weijie Zhang
- Department of General SurgeryMedical SchoolThe Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Shu Zhang
- Department of GastroenterologyMedical SchoolThe Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Yu Cao
- Department of GastroenterologyMedical SchoolThe Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Liping Qian
- Centre for Experimental AnimalMedical SchoolThe Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Ping Zhan
- Department of Respiratory MedicineJinling HospitalMedical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Hongli Yan
- Department of Laboratory MedicineChanghai HospitalThe Second Military Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Ka Fai To
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular PathologyState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaInstitute of Digestive DiseasePartner State Key Laboratory of Digestive DiseasePrince of Wales HospitalThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of GastroenterologyMedical SchoolThe Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Xiaoping Zou
- Department of GastroenterologyMedical SchoolThe Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
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20
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Strickland M, Stoll EA. Metabolic Reprogramming in Glioma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2017; 5:43. [PMID: 28491867 PMCID: PMC5405080 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2017.00043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Many cancers have long been thought to primarily metabolize glucose for energy production—a phenomenon known as the Warburg Effect, after the classic studies of Otto Warburg in the early twentieth century. Yet cancer cells also utilize other substrates, such as amino acids and fatty acids, to produce raw materials for cellular maintenance and energetic currency to accomplish cellular tasks. The contribution of these substrates is increasingly appreciated in the context of glioma, the most common form of malignant brain tumor. Multiple catabolic pathways are used for energy production within glioma cells, and are linked in many ways to anabolic pathways supporting cellular function. For example: glycolysis both supports energy production and provides carbon skeletons for the synthesis of nucleic acids; meanwhile fatty acids are used both as energetic substrates and as raw materials for lipid membranes. Furthermore, bio-energetic pathways are connected to pro-oncogenic signaling within glioma cells. For example: AMPK signaling links catabolism with cell cycle progression; mTOR signaling contributes to metabolic flexibility and cancer cell survival; the electron transport chain produces ATP and reactive oxygen species (ROS) which act as signaling molecules; Hypoxia Inducible Factors (HIFs) mediate interactions with cells and vasculature within the tumor environment. Mutations in the tumor suppressor p53, and the tricarboxylic acid cycle enzymes Isocitrate Dehydrogenase 1 and 2 have been implicated in oncogenic signaling as well as establishing metabolic phenotypes in genetically-defined subsets of malignant glioma. These pathways critically contribute to tumor biology. The aim of this review is two-fold. Firstly, we present the current state of knowledge regarding the metabolic strategies employed by malignant glioma cells, including aerobic glycolysis; the pentose phosphate pathway; one-carbon metabolism; the tricarboxylic acid cycle, which is central to amino acid metabolism; oxidative phosphorylation; and fatty acid metabolism, which significantly contributes to energy production in glioma cells. Secondly, we highlight processes (including the Randle Effect, AMPK signaling, mTOR activation, etc.) which are understood to link bio-energetic pathways with oncogenic signals, thereby allowing the glioma cell to achieve a pro-malignant state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Strickland
- Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Elizabeth A Stoll
- Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon Tyne, UK
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21
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Kumar A, Nilednu P, Kumar A, Sharma NK. Epigenetic perturbation driving asleep telomerase reverse transcriptase: Possible therapeutic avenues in carcinoma. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317695951. [DOI: 10.1177/1010428317695951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, implications of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT), a component of ribonucleoprotein telomerase in aging, senescence, and stem cell are highly evident. Besides, the activation of hTERT is also being documented several cancer types including carcinoma. The awakening of telomerase during carcinoma initiation and development is being seen with different perspectives including genetic and epigenetic tools and events. In view of several tumor progenitors genes (also referred as epigenetic mediators), telomerase is placed as key enzyme to achieve the carcinoma phenotype and sustain during the progression. It is true that swaying of telomerase in carcinoma could be facilitated with dedicated set of epigenetic modulators and modifiers players. These epigenetic alterations are heritable, potentially reversible, and seen as the epigenetic signature of carcinoma. Several papers converge to suggest that DNA methylation, histone modification, and small non-coding RNAs are the widely appreciated epigenetic changes towards hTERT modulation. In this review, we summarize the contribution of epigenetic factors in the telomerase activation and discuss potential avenues to achieve therapeutic intervention in carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Kumar
- Cancer and Translational Research Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Biotechnology & Bioinformatics Institute, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, Pune, India
| | - Pritish Nilednu
- Cancer and Translational Research Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Biotechnology & Bioinformatics Institute, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, Pune, India
| | - Azad Kumar
- Cancer and Translational Research Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Biotechnology & Bioinformatics Institute, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, Pune, India
| | - Nilesh Kumar Sharma
- Cancer and Translational Research Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Biotechnology & Bioinformatics Institute, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, Pune, India
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22
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Jiang H, Zhang X, Tao Y, Shan L, Jiang Q, Yu Y, Cai F, Ma L. Prognostic and clinicopathologic significance of SIRT1 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncotarget 2016; 8:52357-52365. [PMID: 28881735 PMCID: PMC5581034 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The clinical value of SIRT1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains controversial. This meta-analysis was performed to investigate the prognostic and clinicopathological significance of the histone deacetylase SIRT1 in HCC. Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) for survival outcomes and pooled odds ratios (ORs) for clinical parameters associated with SIRT1 were calculated in nine studies using Review Manager. Meta-analysis showed that increased SIRT1 expression is associated with poor overall survival (OS) (HR=1.82, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.49-2.22, P<0.00001) and disease-free survival (DFS) (HR=1.44, 95%CI: 1.06-1.96, P=0.02) in HCC. Increased expression of SIRT1 is more common in female than male HCC patients (OR=0.47, 95%CI: 0.32-0.70, P=0.0001). The increased SIRT1 expression correlates with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection (OR=1.63, 95%CI: 1.04-2.57, P=0.03), large tumor size (OR=1.81, 95%CI: 1.05-3.13, P=0.03), high p53 expression (OR=2.71, 95%CI: 1.39-5.29, P=0.003), high levels of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP; cutoff value: 400 ng/ml, OR=1.84, 95%CI: 1.26-2.69, P=0.002), and tumor stage (OR=1.72, 95%CI: 1.27-2.32, P=0.0004). Re-sampling statistics for 5,000,000 samples revealed that increased SIRT1 expression is associated with higher TNM stage (OR=1.70, 95%CI: 1.69-1.70, P<0.00001). These results indicate that SIRT1 is a new biomarker off HCC as well as a potentially effective therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyuan Jiang
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Shanghai TCM University, Shanghai, 200071, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Yuquan Tao
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Shanghai TCM University, Shanghai, 200071, China
| | - Liang Shan
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Shanghai TCM University, Shanghai, 200071, China
| | - Qijun Jiang
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Shanghai TCM University, Shanghai, 200071, China
| | - Yongchun Yu
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Shanghai TCM University, Shanghai, 200071, China
| | - Feng Cai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Shanghai TCM University, Shanghai, 200071, China
| | - Lifang Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Shanghai TCM University, Shanghai, 200071, China
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23
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Zhang F, Zhang M, Wang A, Xu M, Wang C, Xu G, Zhang B, Zou X, Zhuge Y. TWEAK increases SIRT1 expression and promotes p53 deacetylation affecting human hepatic stellate cell senescence. Cell Biol Int 2016; 41:147-154. [PMID: 27888541 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
To detect the effects of tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) on SIRT1 expression and p53 deacetylation, involving cell senescence, in activated human hepatic stellate cell (HSC) in vitro, human HSC LX-2 was cultured with TWEAK for 24 h. The result showed that the expression of membrane receptor Fn14 was remarkably increased by TWEAK, which upregulated SIRT1 in LX-2 cells, detected by Western blotting and real-time PCR. The expression of p53 was not significantly altered; however, the ac-p53 was decreased. Furthermore, the viability of LX-2 cells was significantly enhanced by TWEAK. The activity of SA-β-Gal was notably inhibited, showing a suppressing effect of TWEAK on the senescence of activated HSC. Primary cultured HSC on days 7 and 11 was used to examine the expression of TWEAK, Fn14, SIRT1, and the activity of SA-β-Gal. The result indicated that the mRNA of TWEAK, SIRT1, and Fn14 was all decreased on day 11 compared to that on day 7, and the activity of SA-β-Gal was higher on day 11 than that on day 7. The present study suggested that TWEAK enhanced the expression of SIRT1 and decreased the acetylation of p53, probably inhibiting the senescence of activated HSC in vitro, which provides a molecular basis for TWEAK as a potential target in the therapy of liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321# Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321# Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Aixiu Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321# Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mingcui Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321# Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321# Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guifang Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321# Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321# Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoping Zou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321# Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuzheng Zhuge
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321# Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China
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24
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Mei Z, Zhang X, Yi J, Huang J, He J, Tao Y. Sirtuins in metabolism, DNA repair and cancer. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2016; 35:182. [PMID: 27916001 PMCID: PMC5137222 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-016-0461-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The mammalian sirtuin family has attracted tremendous attention over the past few years as stress adaptors and post-translational modifier. They have involved in diverse cellular processes including DNA repair, energy metabolism, and tumorigenesis. Notably, genomic instability and metabolic reprogramming are two of characteristic hallmarks in cancer. In this review, we summarize current knowledge on the functions of sirtuins mainly regarding DNA repair and energy metabolism, and further discuss the implication of sirtuins in cancer specifically by regulating genome integrity and cancer-related metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Mei
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.,Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China
| | - Xian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.,Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China
| | - Jiarong Yi
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.,Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China
| | - Junjie Huang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.,Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China
| | - Jian He
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.,Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China
| | - Yongguang Tao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China. .,Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China.
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25
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Tian Y, Mok MTS, Yang P, Cheng ASL. Epigenetic Activation of Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling in NAFLD-Associated Hepatocarcinogenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2016; 8:E76. [PMID: 27556491 PMCID: PMC4999785 DOI: 10.3390/cancers8080076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Revised: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), characterized by fat accumulation in liver, is closely associated with central obesity, over-nutrition and other features of metabolic syndrome, which elevate the risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway plays a significant role in the physiology and pathology of liver. Up to half of HCC patients have activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. However, the mutation frequencies of CTNNB1 (encoding β-catenin protein) or other antagonists targeting Wnt/β-catenin signaling are low in HCC patients, suggesting that genetic mutations are not the major factor driving abnormal β-catenin activities in HCC. Emerging evidence has demonstrated that obesity-induced metabolic pathways can deregulate chromatin modifiers such as histone deacetylase 8 to trigger undesired global epigenetic changes, thereby modifying gene expression program which contributes to oncogenic signaling. This review focuses on the aberrant epigenetic activation of Wnt/β-catenin in the development of NAFLD-associated HCC. A deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying such deregulation may shed light on the identification of novel druggable epigenetic targets for the prevention and/or treatment of HCC in obese and diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Tian
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Myth T S Mok
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
- Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518057, China.
| | - Pengyuan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Alfred S L Cheng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
- Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518057, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease and Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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26
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Transcription Regulation of the Human Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase (hTERT) Gene. Genes (Basel) 2016; 7:genes7080050. [PMID: 27548225 PMCID: PMC4999838 DOI: 10.3390/genes7080050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 07/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells have the ability to maintain their telomere length via expression of an enzymatic complex called telomerase. Similarly, more than 85%–90% of cancer cells are found to upregulate the expression of telomerase, conferring them with the potential to proliferate indefinitely. Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase (TERT), the catalytic subunit of telomerase holoenzyme, is the rate-limiting factor in reconstituting telomerase activity in vivo. To date, the expression and function of the human Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase (hTERT) gene are known to be regulated at various molecular levels (including genetic, mRNA, protein and subcellular localization) by a number of diverse factors. Among these means of regulation, transcription modulation is the most important, as evident in its tight regulation in cancer cell survival as well as pluripotent stem cell maintenance and differentiation. Here, we discuss how hTERT gene transcription is regulated, mainly focusing on the contribution of trans-acting factors such as transcription factors and epigenetic modifiers, as well as genetic alterations in hTERT proximal promoter.
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27
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Sorbolini S, Gaspa G, Steri R, Dimauro C, Cellesi M, Stella A, Marras G, Marsan PA, Valentini A, Macciotta NPP. Use of canonical discriminant analysis to study signatures of selection in cattle. Genet Sel Evol 2016; 48:58. [PMID: 27521154 PMCID: PMC4983034 DOI: 10.1186/s12711-016-0236-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cattle include a large number of breeds that are characterized by marked phenotypic differences and thus constitute a valuable model to study genome evolution in response to processes such as selection and domestication. Detection of "signatures of selection" is a useful approach to study the evolutionary pressures experienced throughout history. In the present study, signatures of selection were investigated in five cattle breeds farmed in Italy using a multivariate approach. METHODS A total of 4094 bulls from five breeds with different production aptitudes (two dairy breeds: Italian Holstein and Italian Brown Swiss; two beef breeds: Piemontese and Marchigiana; and one dual purpose breed: Italian Simmental) were genotyped using the Illumina BovineSNP50 v.1 beadchip. Canonical discriminant analysis was carried out on the matrix of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) genotyping data, separately for each chromosome. Scores for each canonical variable were calculated and then plotted in the canonical space to quantify the distance between breeds. SNPs for which the correlation with the canonical variable was in the 99th percentile for a specific chromosome were considered to be significantly associated with that variable. Results were compared with those obtained using an FST-based approach. RESULTS Based on the results of the canonical discriminant analysis, a large number of signatures of selection were detected, among which several had strong signals in genomic regions that harbour genes known to have an impact on production and morphological bovine traits, including MSTN, LCT, GHR, SCD, NCAPG, KIT, and ASIP. Moreover, new putative candidate genes were identified, such as GCK, B3GALNT1, MGAT1, GALNTL1, PRNP, and PRND. Similar results were obtained with the FST-based approach. CONCLUSIONS The use of canonical discriminant analysis on 50 K SNP genotypes allowed the extraction of new variables that maximize the separation between breeds. This approach is quite straightforward, it can compare more than two groups simultaneously, and relative distances between breeds can be visualized. The genes that were highlighted in the canonical discriminant analysis were in concordance with those obtained using the FST index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Sorbolini
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Sezione di Scienze Zootecniche, Università degli Studi di Sassari, V. le Italia, 9, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Giustino Gaspa
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Sezione di Scienze Zootecniche, Università degli Studi di Sassari, V. le Italia, 9, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Roberto Steri
- Consiglio per la Ricerca e la Sperimentazione in Agricoltura, via Salaria 31, 00015, Monterotondo, Italy
| | - Corrado Dimauro
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Sezione di Scienze Zootecniche, Università degli Studi di Sassari, V. le Italia, 9, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Massimo Cellesi
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Sezione di Scienze Zootecniche, Università degli Studi di Sassari, V. le Italia, 9, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | | | | | - Paolo Ajmone Marsan
- Istituto di Zootecnica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Alessio Valentini
- Dipartimento per l'Innovazione dei Sistemi Biologici Agroalimentari e Forestali DIBAF, Università della Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Nicolò Pietro Paolo Macciotta
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Sezione di Scienze Zootecniche, Università degli Studi di Sassari, V. le Italia, 9, 07100, Sassari, Italy.
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28
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Duan C, Zhang B, Deng C, Cao Y, Zhou F, Wu L, Chen M, Shen S, Xu G, Zhang S, Duan G, Yan H, Zou X. Piperlongumine induces gastric cancer cell apoptosis and G2/M cell cycle arrest both in vitro and in vivo. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:10793-804. [PMID: 26874726 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-4792-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, several studies have shown that piperlongumine (PL) can selectively kill cancer cells by targeting reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, the potential therapeutic effects and detailed mechanism of PL in gastric cancer are still not clear. In the current report, we found that PL significantly suppressed gastric cancer both in vitro and in vivo. PL obviously increased ROS generation in gastric cancer cells. Anti-oxidant glutathione (GSH) and N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) can abrogate PL-induced gastric cancer cell death and proliferation inhibition. GADD45α was induced in PL-treated cancer cells and led to G2/M phase arrest, whereas genetic depletion of GADD45α by small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) could partly reverse PL-induced cell cycle arrest in gastric cancer cells. Interestingly, we also found that PL treatment decreased the expression of telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) gene, which plays an essential role in cancer initiation and progression. Our findings thus revealed a potential anti-tumor effect of PL on gastric cancer cells and may have therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoqin Duan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chao Deng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yu Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Fan Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Longyun Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shanshan Shen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Guifang Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shu Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Guihua Duan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hongli Yan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoping Zou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
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29
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Park EJ, Sang-Ngern M, Chang LC, Pezzuto JM. Induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis with downregulation of Hsp90 client proteins and histone modification by 4β-hydroxywithanolide E isolated from Physalis peruviana. Mol Nutr Food Res 2016; 60:1482-500. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201500977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Revised: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Jung Park
- Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy; University of Hawai‘i at Hilo; Hilo HI USA
- Arnold and Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences; Long Island University; Brooklyn NY USA
| | - Mayuramas Sang-Ngern
- Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy; University of Hawai‘i at Hilo; Hilo HI USA
| | - Leng Chee Chang
- Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy; University of Hawai‘i at Hilo; Hilo HI USA
| | - John M. Pezzuto
- Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy; University of Hawai‘i at Hilo; Hilo HI USA
- Arnold and Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences; Long Island University; Brooklyn NY USA
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30
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Lewis KA, Tollefsbol TO. Regulation of the Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase Subunit through Epigenetic Mechanisms. Front Genet 2016; 7:83. [PMID: 27242892 PMCID: PMC4860561 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2016.00083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2015] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromosome-shortening is characteristic of normal cells, and is known as the end replication problem. Telomerase is the enzyme responsible for extending the ends of the chromosomes in de novo synthesis, and occurs in germ cells as well as most malignant cancers. There are three subunits of telomerase: human telomerase RNA (hTERC), human telomerase associated protein (hTEP1), or dyskerin, and human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT). hTERC and hTEP1 are constitutively expressed, so the enzymatic activity of telomerase is dependent on the transcription of hTERT. DNA methylation, histone methylation, and histone acetylation are basic epigenetic regulations involved in the expression of hTERT. Non-coding RNA can also serve as a form of epigenetic control of hTERT. This epigenetic-based regulation of hTERT is important in providing a mechanism for reversibility of hTERT control in various biological states. These include embryonic down-regulation of hTERT contributing to aging and the upregulation of hTERT playing a critical role in over 90% of cancers. Normal human somatic cells have a non-methylated/hypomethylated CpG island within the hTERT promoter region, while telomerase-positive cells paradoxically have at least a partially methylated promoter region that is opposite to the normal roles of DNA methylation. Histone acetylation of H3K9 within the promoter region is associated with an open chromatin state such that transcription machinery has the space to form. Histone methylation of hTERT has varied control of the gene, however. Mono- and dimethylation of H3K9 within the promoter region indicate silent euchromatin, while a trimethylated H3K9 enhances gene transcription. Non-coding RNAs can target epigenetic-modifying enzymes, as well as transcription factors involved in the control of hTERT. An epigenetics diet that can affect the epigenome of cancer cells is a recent fascination that has received much attention. By combining portions of this diet with epigenome-altering treatments, it is possible to selectively regulate the epigenetic control of hTERT and its expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayla A Lewis
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham AL, USA
| | - Trygve O Tollefsbol
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, BirminghamAL, USA; Comprehensive Center for Healthy Aging, University of Alabama at Birmingham, BirminghamAL, USA; Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, BirminghamAL, USA; Nutrition Obesity Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, BirminghamAL, USA; Comprehensive Diabetes Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, BirminghamAL, USA
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31
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Deng C, Zhang B, Zhang S, Duan C, Cao Y, Kang W, Yan H, Ding X, Zhou F, Wu L, Duan G, Shen S, Xu G, Zhang W, Chen M, Huang S, Zhang X, Lv Y, Ling T, Wang L, Zou X. Low nanomolar concentrations of Cucurbitacin-I induces G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis by perturbing redox homeostasis in gastric cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Cell Death Dis 2016; 7:e2106. [PMID: 26890145 PMCID: PMC5399186 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2016.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Revised: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cucurbitacin-I (Cu-I, also known as Elatericin B or JSI-124) is developed to inhibit constitutive and abnormal activation of STAT3 in many cancers, demonstrating a potent anticancer activity by targeting disruption of STAT3 function. Here, we for the first time systematically studied the underlying molecular mechanisms of Cu-I-induced gastric cancer cell death both in vitro and in vivo. In our study, we show that Cu-I markedly inhibits gastric cancer cell growth by inducing G2/M phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis at low nanomolar concentrations via a STAT3-independent mechanism. Notably, Cu-I significantly decreases intracellular GSH/GSSG ratio by inhibiting NRF2 pathway to break cellular redox homeostasis, and subsequently induces the expression of GADD45α in a p53-independent manner, and activates JNK/p38 MAPK signaling. Interestingly, Cu-I-induced GADD45α and JNK/p38 MAPK signaling form a positive feedback loop and can be reciprocally regulated by each other. Therefore, the present study provides new insights into the mechanisms of antitumor effects of Cu-I, supporting Cu-I as an attractive therapeutic drug in gastric cancer by modulating the redox balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Deng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - B Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - S Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - C Duan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Y Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - W Kang
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory in Oncology in South China, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - H Yan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Changhai Hospital, the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - X Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - F Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - L Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - G Duan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - S Shen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - G Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - W Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - M Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - S Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - X Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Y Lv
- Department of Gastroenterology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - T Ling
- Department of Gastroenterology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - L Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - X Zou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Jiangsu Province, China
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32
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Martins IJ. Magnesium Therapy Prevents Senescence with the Reversal of Diabetes and Alzheimer’s Disease. Health (London) 2016. [DOI: 10.4236/health.2016.87073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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33
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Kala R, Shah HN, Martin SL, Tollefsbol TO. Epigenetic-based combinatorial resveratrol and pterostilbene alters DNA damage response by affecting SIRT1 and DNMT enzyme expression, including SIRT1-dependent γ-H2AX and telomerase regulation in triple-negative breast cancer. BMC Cancer 2015; 15:672. [PMID: 26459286 PMCID: PMC4603342 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-015-1693-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nutrition is believed to be a primary contributor in regulating gene expression by affecting epigenetic pathways such as DNA methylation and histone modification. Resveratrol and pterostilbene are phytoalexins produced by plants as part of their defense system. These two bioactive compounds when used alone have been shown to alter genetic and epigenetic profiles of tumor cells, but the concentrations employed in various studies often far exceed physiologically achievable doses. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an often fatal condition that may be prevented or treated through novel dietary-based approaches. Methods HCC1806 and MDA-MB-157 breast cancer cells were used as TNBC cell lines in this study. MCF10A cells were used as control breast epithelial cells to determine the safety of this dietary regimen. CompuSyn software was used to determine the combination index (CI) for drug combinations. Results Combinatorial resveratrol and pterostilbene administered at close to physiologically relevant doses resulted in synergistic (CI <1) growth inhibition of TNBCs. SIRT1, a type III histone deacetylase (HDAC), was down-regulated in response to this combinatorial treatment. We further explored the effects of this novel combinatorial approach on DNA damage response by monitoring γ-H2AX and telomerase expression. With combination of these two compounds there was a significant decrease in these two proteins which might further resulted in significant growth inhibition, apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in HCC1806 and MDA-MB-157 breast cancer cells, while there was no significant effect on cellular viability, colony forming potential, morphology or apoptosis in control MCF10A breast epithelial cells. SIRT1 knockdown reproduced the effects of combinatorial resveratrol and pterostilbene-induced SIRT1 down-regulation through inhibition of both telomerase activity and γ-H2AX expression in HCC1806 breast cancer cells. As a part of the repair mechanisms and role of SIRT1 in recruiting DNMTs, the effects of this combination treatment was also explored on DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) expression. Interestingly, the compounds resulted in a significant down-regulation of DNMT enzymes with no significant effects on DNMT enzyme expression in MCF10A control cells. Conclusion Collectively, these results provide new insights into the epigenetic mechanisms of a novel combinatorial nutrient control strategy that exhibits synergy and may contribute to future recalcitrant TNBC prevention and/or therapy. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-015-1693-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishabh Kala
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1300 University Boulevard, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
| | - Harsh N Shah
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1300 University Boulevard, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
| | - Samantha L Martin
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1300 University Boulevard, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
| | - Trygve O Tollefsbol
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1300 University Boulevard, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA. .,Comprehensive Center for Healthy Aging, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1530 3rd Avenue South, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA. .,Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1802 6th Avenue South, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA. .,Nutrition Obesity Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1675 University Boulevard, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA. .,Comprehensive Diabetes Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1825 University Boulevard, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
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Sui B, Hu C, Jin Y. Mitochondrial metabolic failure in telomere attrition-provoked aging of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Biogerontology 2015; 17:267-79. [DOI: 10.1007/s10522-015-9609-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Li D, Chen NN, Cao JM, Sun WP, Zhou YM, Li CY, Wang XX. BRCA1 as a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)-dependent metabolic switch in ovarian cancer. Cell Cycle 2015; 13:2564-71. [PMID: 25486197 DOI: 10.4161/15384101.2015.942208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Both hereditary factors (e.g., BRCA1) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)-dependent metabolic pathways are implicated in the initiation and progression of ovarian cancer. However, whether crosstalk exists between BRCA1 and NAD metabolism remains largely unknown. Here, we showed that: (i) BRCA1 inactivation events (mutation and promoter methylation) were accompanied by elevated levels of NAD; (ii) the knockdown or overexpression of BRCA1 was an effective way to induce an increase or decrease of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (Nampt)-related NAD synthesis, respectively; and (iii) BRCA1 expression patterns were inversely correlated with NAD levels in human ovarian cancer specimens. In addition, it is worth noting that: (i) NAD incubation induced increased levels of BRCA1 in a concentration-dependent manner; (ii) Nampt knockdown-mediated reduction in NAD levels was effective at inhibiting BRCA1 expression; and (iii) the overexpression of Nampt led to higher NAD levels and a subsequent increase in BRCA1 levels in primary ovarian cancer cells and A2780, HO-8910 and ES2 ovarian cancer cell lines. These results highlight a novel link between BRCA1 and NAD. Our findings imply that genetic (e.g., BRCA1 inactivation) and NAD-dependent metabolic pathways are jointly involved in the malignant progression of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Li
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology ; Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University ; Shenyang , China
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Rahat B, Hamid A, Ahmad Najar R, Bagga R, Kaur J. Epigenetic mechanisms regulate placental c-myc and hTERT in normal and pathological pregnancies; c-myc as a novel fetal DNA epigenetic marker for pre-eclampsia. Mol Hum Reprod 2014; 20:1026-1040. [PMID: 25024139 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gau053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Placental development is known for its resemblance with tumor development, such as in the expression of oncogenes (c-myc) and telomerase (hTERT). The expression of c-myc and hTERT is up-regulated during early pregnancy and gestational trophoblastic diseases (GTDs). To determine the role of DNA methylation [via methylation-sensitive high resolution melting (MS-HRM)] and histone modifications [via chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP assay)] in regulating the differential expression of c-myc and hTERT during normal gestation and their dysregulation during placental disorders, we obtained placental samples from 135 pregnant women, in five groups: normal first, second and third trimester (n = 30 each), pre-eclamptic pregnancy (n = 30) and molar pregnancy (n = 15). Two placental cell lines (JEG-3 and HTR-8/SVneo) and isolated first-trimester cytotrophoblasts were also studied. Quantitative RT-PCR revealed decreased mRNA expression levels of c-myc and hTERT, which were associated with a higher level of H3K9me3 (1.5-fold, P < 0.05) and H3K27me3 (1.9-fold, P < 0.05), respectively, in third-trimester placental villi versus first-trimester villi. A significantly lower level of H3K27me3 in molar placenta was associated with a higher mRNA expression of c-myc and hTERT. The development of pre-eclampsia (PE) was associated with increased methylation (P < 0.001) and H3K27me3 (P < 0.01) at the c-myc promoter and reduced H3K9me3 (P < 0.01) and H3K27me3 (P < 0.05) at the hTERT promoter. Further, mRNA expression of c-myc and hTERT was strongly correlated in molar villi (r = 0.88, P < 0.01) and JEG-3 cells (r = 0.99, P < 0.02). Moreover, on the basis of methylation data, we demonstrate the potential of c-myc as a fetal DNA epigenetic marker for pre-eclamptic pregnancies. Thus we suggest a role for epigenetic mechanisms in regulating differential expression of c-myc and hTERT during placental development and use of the c-myc promoter region as a potential fetal DNA marker in the case of PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beenish Rahat
- Department of Biochemistry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - Abid Hamid
- Cancer Pharmacology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Rauf Ahmad Najar
- Cancer Pharmacology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Rashmi Bagga
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - Jyotdeep Kaur
- Department of Biochemistry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India
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