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Forouzandehmehr M, Paci M, Hyttinen J, Koivumäki JT. In silico study of the mechanisms of hypoxia and contractile dysfunction during ischemia and reperfusion of hiPSC cardiomyocytes. Dis Model Mech 2024; 17:dmm050365. [PMID: 38516812 PMCID: PMC11073514 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.050365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Interconnected mechanisms of ischemia and reperfusion (IR) has increased the interest in IR in vitro experiments using human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs). We developed a whole-cell computational model of hiPSC-CMs including the electromechanics, a metabolite-sensitive sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA) and an oxygen dynamics formulation to investigate IR mechanisms. Moreover, we simulated the effect and action mechanism of levosimendan, which recently showed promising anti-arrhythmic effects in hiPSC-CMs in hypoxia. The model was validated using hiPSC-CM and in vitro animal data. The role of SERCA in causing relaxation dysfunction in IR was anticipated to be comparable to its function in sepsis-induced heart failure. Drug simulations showed that levosimendan counteracts the relaxation dysfunction by utilizing a particular Ca2+-sensitizing mechanism involving Ca2+-bound troponin C and Ca2+ flux to the myofilament, rather than inhibiting SERCA phosphorylation. The model demonstrates extensive characterization and promise for drug development, making it suitable for evaluating IR therapy strategies based on the changing levels of cardiac metabolites, oxygen and molecular pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michelangelo Paci
- Department of Electrical, Electronic, and Information Engineering ‘Guglielmo Marconi’, University of Bologna, 47522 Cesena, Italy
| | - Jari Hyttinen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33520 Tampere, Finland
| | - Jussi T. Koivumäki
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33520 Tampere, Finland
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Loeck T, Schwab A. The role of the Na +/Ca 2+-exchanger (NCX) in cancer-associated fibroblasts. Biol Chem 2023; 404:325-337. [PMID: 36594183 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2022-0253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is characterized by uncontrolled growth, invasion, and metastasis. In addition to solid cancer cells, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play important roles in cancer pathophysiology. They arise from "healthy" cells but get manipulated by solid cancer cells to supply them and develop a tumor microenvironment (TME) that protects the cancer cells from the immune defense. A wide variety of cell types can differentiate into CAFs, including fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and epithelial cells. Precise Ca2+ regulation is essential for each cell including CAFs. The electrogenic Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX) is one of the ubiquitously expressed regulatory Ca2+ transport proteins that rapidly responds to changes of the intracellular ion concentrations. Its transport function is also influenced by the membrane potential and thereby indirectly by the activity of ion channels. NCX transports Ca2+ out of the cell (forward mode) or allows its influx (reverse mode), always in exchange for 3 Na+ ions that are moved into the opposite direction. In this review, we discuss the functional roles NCX has in CAFs and how these depend on the properties of the TME. NCX activity modifies migration and leads to a reduced proliferation and apoptosis. The effect of the NCX in fibrosis is still largely unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thorsten Loeck
- Institut für Physiologie II, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Robert-Koch-Str. 27b, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Albrecht Schwab
- Institut für Physiologie II, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Robert-Koch-Str. 27b, D-48149 Münster, Germany
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Levosimendan protects against ischemia – reperfusion injury in the human heart muscle. A pilot study. CURRENT ISSUES IN PHARMACY AND MEDICAL SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.2478/cipms-2022-0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The consequences of myocardial infarction (MI) are an increasing problem worldwide. Despite spectacular progress in the invasive treatment of ischemic heart disease, the ability to limit the ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury remains largely unrealized. Recent studies have shown that stimulation of opioid receptors may confer a cardioprotective effect against I/R injury. Levosimendan, the inodilator, is indicated for the short-term treatment of acutely decompensated heart failure. We tested the hypothesis that levosimendan may provide cardioprotection in the opioid-like mechanism in the human myocardium.
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Gaballah M, Penttinen K, Kreutzer J, Mäki AJ, Kallio P, Aalto-Setälä K. Cardiac Ischemia On-a-Chip: Antiarrhythmic Effect of Levosimendan on Ischemic Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes. Cells 2022; 11:cells11061045. [PMID: 35326497 PMCID: PMC8947267 DOI: 10.3390/cells11061045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Preserving functionality and preventing arrhythmias of the heart are key principles in the management of patients with IHD. Levosimendan, a unique calcium (Ca2+) enhancer with inotropic activity, has been introduced into clinical usage for heart failure treatment. Human-induced pluripotent cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) offer an opportunity to better understand the pathophysiological mechanisms of the disease as well as to serve as a platform for drug screening. Here, we developed an in vitro IHD model using hiPSC-CMs in hypoxic conditions and defined the effects of the subsequent hypoxic stress on CMs functionality. Furthermore, the effect of levosimendan on hiPSC-CMs functionality was evaluated during and after hypoxic stress. The morphology, contractile, Ca2+-handling, and gene expression properties of hiPSC-CMs were investigated in response to hypoxia. Hypoxia resulted in significant cardiac arrhythmia and decreased Ca2+ transient amplitude. In addition, disorganization of sarcomere structure was observed after hypoxia induction. Interestingly, levosimendan presented significant antiarrhythmic properties, as the arrhythmia was abolished or markedly reduced with levosimendan treatment either during or after the hypoxic stress. Moreover, levosimendan presented significant protection from the sarcomere alterations induced by hypoxia. In conclusion, this chip model appears to be a suitable preclinical representation of IHD. With this hypoxia platform, detailed knowledge of the disease pathophysiology can be obtained. The antiarrhythmic effect of levosimendan was clearly observed, suggesting a possible new clinical use for the drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Gaballah
- Heart Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33520 Tampere, Finland; (K.P.); (K.A.-S.)
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Menoufia 32897, Egypt
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +358-402574148
| | - Kirsi Penttinen
- Heart Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33520 Tampere, Finland; (K.P.); (K.A.-S.)
| | - Joose Kreutzer
- Micro- and Nanosystems Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33520 Tampere, Finland; (J.K.); (A.-J.M.); (P.K.)
| | - Antti-Juhana Mäki
- Micro- and Nanosystems Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33520 Tampere, Finland; (J.K.); (A.-J.M.); (P.K.)
| | - Pasi Kallio
- Micro- and Nanosystems Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33520 Tampere, Finland; (J.K.); (A.-J.M.); (P.K.)
| | - Katriina Aalto-Setälä
- Heart Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33520 Tampere, Finland; (K.P.); (K.A.-S.)
- Heart Hospital, Tampere University Hospital, 33520 Tampere, Finland
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The Beneficial Effects of Probiotics via Autophagy: A Systematic Review. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:2931580. [PMID: 34901266 PMCID: PMC8664546 DOI: 10.1155/2021/2931580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Probiotics are living microorganisms increasingly used to treat or modulate different diseases or disorders because of their benefits and also low adverse reaction, and their positive and protective effects on various cells and tissues have been reported. The mechanisms by which probiotics exert their beneficial effects in different cells and tissues were investigated, and autophagy is one of the main mechanisms to induce their positive effects. Autophagy is a conserved process that occurs in all eukaryotic cells and plays an essential role in homeostasis and cell survival by degrading damaged and dysfunctional intracellular organelles. On the other hand, the role of autophagy is diverse in different tissues and situations, and cell death derived from autophagy has been observed in some cells. This search was done in PubMed, WOS, and Scopus using the keywords probiotic, microbiota, and autophagy. The search strategy was focused on the in vitro and animal model studies, and the included filters were English language publications and full-text articles (by June 2020). Studies that investigated other underlying mechanisms except autophagy were excluded. Among more than 105 papers, 24 studies were considered eligible for more evaluation. The obtained results indicated that most studies were performed on intestinal cell lines or tissue compared with other types of cell lines and tissue. This review article discusses our current understanding of the probiotic effects through autophagy in different cell lines and tissues that would be a useful guide to daily and clinical usage of these living microorganisms, but despite promising results of this systematic review, further studies need to assess this issue. This systematic review has demonstrated that autophagy is an effective mechanism in inducing beneficial effects of probiotics in different tissues.
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Demirgan S, Akyol O, Temel Z, Şengelen A, Pekmez M, Ulaş O, Sevdi MS, Erkalp K, Selcan A. Intranasal levosimendan prevents cognitive dysfunction and apoptotic response induced by repeated isoflurane exposure in newborn rats. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2021; 394:1553-1567. [PMID: 33772342 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-021-02077-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Anesthetic-induced toxicity in early life may lead to risk of cognitive decline at later ages. Notably, multiple exposures to isoflurane (ISO) cause acute apoptotic cell death in the developing brain and long-term cognitive dysfunction. This study is the first to investigate whether levosimendan (LVS), known for its protective myocardial properties, can prevent anesthesia-induced apoptotic response in brain cells and learning and memory impairment. Postnatal day (P)7 Wistar albino pups were randomly assigned to groups consisting of an equal number of males and females in this laboratory investigation. We treated rats with LVS (0.8 mg/kg/day) intranasally 30 min before each ISO exposure (1.5%, 3 h) at P7+9+11. We selected DMSO as the drug vehicle. Also, the control group at P7+9+11 received 50% O2 for 3 h instead of ISO. Neuroprotective activity of LVS against ISO-induced cognitive dysfunction was evaluated by Morris water maze. Expression of apoptotic-related proteins was detected in the whole brain using western blot. LVS pretreatment significantly prevented anesthesia-induced deficit in spatial learning (at P28-32) and memory (at P33, P60, and P90). No sex-dependent difference occurred on any day of the training and probe trial. Intranasal LVS was also found to significantly prevent the ISO-induced apoptosis by reducing Bax and cleaved caspase-3, and by increasing Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL. Our findings support pretreatment with intranasal LVS application as a simple strategy in daily clinical practice in pediatric anesthesia to protect infants and children from the risk of general anesthesia-induced cell death and cognitive declines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serdar Demirgan
- T.C. Health Ministry, Anesthesiology and Reanimation Clinic, University of Health Sciences, Bağcılar Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Institute of Graduate Studies in Sciences, Istanbul University, 34134, Vezneciler-Fatih/Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Onat Akyol
- T.C. Health Ministry, Anesthesiology and Reanimation Clinic, University of Health Sciences, Bağcılar Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Temel
- Department of Neuroscience Institute of Health Sciences, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Aslıhan Şengelen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Institute of Graduate Studies in Sciences, Istanbul University, 34134, Vezneciler-Fatih/Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Murat Pekmez
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ozancan Ulaş
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Institute of Graduate Studies in Sciences, Istanbul University, 34134, Vezneciler-Fatih/Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Salih Sevdi
- T.C. Health Ministry, Anesthesiology and Reanimation Clinic, University of Health Sciences, Bağcılar Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kerem Erkalp
- T.C. Health Ministry, Anesthesiology and Reanimation Clinic, University of Health Sciences, Bağcılar Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayşin Selcan
- T.C. Health Ministry, Anesthesiology and Reanimation Clinic, University of Health Sciences, Bağcılar Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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Potential of the Cardiovascular Drug Levosimendan in the Management of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: An Overview of a Working Hypothesis. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2020; 74:389-399. [PMID: 31730560 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000000728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Levosimendan is a calcium sensitizer that promotes myocyte contractility through its calcium-dependent interaction with cardiac troponin C. Administered intravenously, it has been used for nearly 2 decades to treat acute and advanced heart failure and to support the heart function in various therapy settings characterized by low cardiac output. Effects of levosimendan on noncardiac muscle suggest a possible new application in the treatment of people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a neuromuscular disorder characterized by progressive weakness, and eventual paralysis. Previous attempts to improve the muscle response in ALS patients and thereby maintain respiratory function and delay progression of disability have produced some mixed results. Continuing this line of investigation, levosimendan has been shown to enhance in vitro the contractility of the diaphragm muscle fibers of non-ALS patients and to improve in vivo diaphragm neuromuscular efficiency in healthy subjects. Possible positive effects on respiratory function in people with ALS were seen in an exploratory phase 2 study, and a phase 3 clinical trial is now underway to evaluate the potential benefit of an oral form of levosimendan on both respiratory and overall functions in patients with ALS. Here, we will review the various known pharmacologic effects of levosimendan, considering their relevance to people living with ALS.
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Mechanism of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist protection against myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion-induced injury. Arch Cardiovasc Dis 2018; 111:545-554. [DOI: 10.1016/j.acvd.2017.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Revised: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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9
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Tan C, Zeng J, Wu Y, Zhang J, Chen W. Herbal formula Xinshuitong capsule exerts its cardioprotective effects via mitochondria in the hypoxia-reoxygenated human cardiomyocytes. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 18:170. [PMID: 29855363 PMCID: PMC5984388 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-018-2235-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) resulted in the cell apoptosis and heart failure. Xinshuitong Capsule (XST) could ameliorate left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), New York Heart Association (NYHA) classes and the quality of life in patients with chronic heart failure in our clinical study, however, its cardioprotective mechanisms remain unclear. METHODS Primary human cardiomyocytes were subjected to hypoxia-reoxygenation and treated with XST200, 400 and 600 μg/ml. The model group was free of XST and the control group was cultured in normal conditions. Cell viability, ΔΨm, the activity of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes, ATPase activity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis cells were determined in all the groups. RESULTS The cell viability in the XST-treated groups was significantly higher than that in the model group (P < 0.05). Coupled with the restoration of the ΔΨm, the number of polarized cells increased dose dependently in the XST-treated groups. XST also restored the lost activities of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes I-IV induced by the oxidative stress. The total of mitochondrial ATPase activity was significantly elevated at XST400 and 600 μg/ml compared to the model group (P < 0.05). The levels of mitochondrial ROS and the number of apoptosis cells declined in the XST-treated groups compared to those in the model group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS XST, via restoration of ΔΨm and the mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes I-IV activities, and suppression of mitochondrial ROS generation and the apoptosis cells, maintained the integrity of the mitochondrial membrane to exert its cardioprotective effects in the hypoxia-reoxygenated human cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunjiang Tan
- Fujian Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian China
| | - Jianwei Zeng
- Fujian Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian China
| | - Yanbin Wu
- Fujian Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian China
| | - Jiahui Zhang
- Fujian Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian China
| | - Wenlie Chen
- Fujian Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian China
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10
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Goyer I, Brossier D, Toledano B. Hemodynamic support of a 15-year-old waiting for a heart transplant: Is there a role for levosimendan in pediatric heart failure? Arch Pediatr 2018; 25:132-135. [PMID: 29395891 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcped.2017.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Decompensated heart failure in children requires rapid and aggressive support. In refractory cases, invasive supportive care is essential to ensure cardiac output. This results in lengthy pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) stays, secondary morbidity, and high cost. Levosimendan may help palliate the pitfalls encountered with the usual treatment. It has been shown to improve hemodynamics and decrease morbidity and mortality from heart failure in adult trials and pediatric cohorts. We report the case of a 15-year-old boy with dilated cardiomyopathy and refractory ventricular dysfunction who was weaned from continuous inotropes and discharged from the PICU with levosimendan while waiting for heart transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Goyer
- Department of pharmacy, CHU Sainte-Justine, 3175 Côte-Ste-Catherine, H3T1C5 Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - D Brossier
- Department of pediatric intensive care unit, CHU de Caen, avenue de la Côte-de-Nacre, 14033 Caen, France
| | - B Toledano
- Department of pediatrics, university of Montreal, CHU Sainte-Justine, 3175 Côte-Ste-Catherine, H3T1C5 Montreal, QC, Canada
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Na+/Ca2+ exchanger 1 inhibition abolishes ischemic tolerance induced by ischemic preconditioning in different cardiac models. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 794:246-256. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.11.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2016] [Revised: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Onody P, Aranyi P, Turoczi Z, Stangl R, Fulop A, Dudas E, Lotz G, Szijarto A. Levosimendan Administration in Limb Ischemia: Multicomponent Signaling Serving Kidney Protection. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0163675. [PMID: 27684548 PMCID: PMC5042425 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0163675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims and Objectives Acute renal failure is a severe complication of lower extremity major arterial reconstructions, which could even be fatal. Levosimendan is a dual-acting positive inotropic and vasodilatory agent, which is suspected to have protective effects against cardiac ischemia. However, there is no data available on lower limb or remote organ ischemic injuries therefore the aim of the study was to investigate the effect of levosimendan on lower limb ischemia-reperfusion injury and the corollary renal dysfunction. Methods Male Wistar rats underwent 180 min bilateral lower limb ischemia followed by 4 or 24 hours of reperfusion. Intravenous Levosimendan was administered continuously (0.2μg/bwkg/min) throughout the whole course of ischemia and the first 3h of reperfusion. Results were compared with sham-operated and ischemia-reperfusion groups. Hemodynamic monitoring was performed by invasive arterial blood pressure measurement. Kidney and lower limb muscle microcirculation was registered by a laser Doppler flowmeter. After 4h and 24h of reperfusion, serum, urine and histological samples were collected. Results Systemic hemodynamic parameters and microcirculation of kidney and the lower limb significantly improved in the Levosimendan treated group. Muscle viability was significantly preserved 4 and 24 hours after reperfusion. At the same time, renal functional laboratory tests and kidney histology demonstrated significantly less expressive kidney injury in Levosimendan groups. TNF-α levels were significantly less elevated in the Levosimendan group 4 hours after reperfusion. Conclusion The results claim a protective role for Levosimendan administration during major vascular surgeries to prevent renal complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Onody
- 1 Department of Surgery, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Peter Aranyi
- 1 Department of Surgery, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Turoczi
- 2 Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Rita Stangl
- 1 Department of Surgery, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Andras Fulop
- 1 Department of Surgery, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Emese Dudas
- 1 Department of Surgery, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gabor Lotz
- 2 Department of Pathology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Attila Szijarto
- 1 Department of Surgery, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- * E-mail:
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Acsai K, Ördög B, Varró A, Nánási PP. Role of the dysfunctional ryanodine receptor - Na(+)-Ca(2+)exchanger axis in progression of cardiovascular diseases: What we can learn from pharmacological studies? Eur J Pharmacol 2016; 779:91-101. [PMID: 26970182 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Revised: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal Ca(2+)homeostasis is often associated with chronic cardiovascular diseases, such as hypertension, heart failure or cardiac arrhythmias, and typically contributes to the basic ethiology of the disease. Pharmacological targeting of cardiac Ca(2+)handling has great therapeutic potential offering invaluable options for the prevention, slowing down the progression or suppression of the harmful outcomes like life threatening cardiac arrhythmias. In this review we outline the existing knowledge on the involvement of malfunction of the ryanodine receptor and the Na(+)-Ca(2+)exchanger in disturbances of Ca(2+)homeostasis and discuss important proof of concept pharmacological studies targeting these mechanisms in context of hypertension, heart failure, atrial fibrillation and ventricular arrhythmias. We emphasize the promising results of preclinical studies underpinning the potential benefits of the therapeutic strategies based on ryanodine receptor or Na(+)-Ca(2+)exchanger inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Károly Acsai
- MTA-SZTE Research Group of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Balázs Ördög
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Szeged, Faculty of Medicine, Szeged, Hungary
| | - András Varró
- MTA-SZTE Research Group of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Szeged, Hungary; Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Szeged, Faculty of Medicine, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Péter P Nánási
- Department of Physiology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary; Department of Dentistry, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.
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He J, Cai Y, Luo LM, Wang R. Expression of Wnt and NCX1 and its correlation with cardiomyocyte apoptosis in mouse with myocardial hypertrophy. ASIAN PAC J TROP MED 2015; 8:930-936. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtm.2015.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2015] [Revised: 09/20/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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15
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Wagner S, Schürmann S, Hein S, Schüttler J, Friedrich O. Septic cardiomyopathy in rat LPS-induced endotoxemia: relative contribution of cellular diastolic Ca(2+) removal pathways, myofibrillar biomechanics properties and action of the cardiotonic drug levosimendan. Basic Res Cardiol 2015; 110:507. [PMID: 26243667 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-015-0507-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Revised: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 07/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac dysfunction is a common complication in sepsis and is characterized by forward pump failure. Hallmarks of septic cardiomyopathy are decreased myofibrillar contractility and reduced Ca(2+) sensitivity but it is still not clear whether reduced pump efficiency is predominantly a diastolic impairment. Moreover, a comprehensive picture of upstream Ca(2+) handling mechanisms and downstream myosin biomechanical parameters is still missing. Ca(2+)-sensitizing agents in sepsis may be promising but mechanistic insights for drugs like levosimendan are scarce. Here, we used an endotoxemic LPS rat model to study mechanisms of sepsis on in vivo hemodynamics, multicellular myofibrillar Ca(2+) sensitivity, in vitro cellular Ca(2+) homeostasis and subcellular actomyosin interaction with intracardiac catheters, force transducers, confocal Fluo-4 Ca(2+) recordings in paced cardiomyocytes, and in vitro motility assay, respectively. Left ventricular ejection fraction and myofibrillar Ca(2+) sensitivity were depressed in LPS animals but restored by levosimendan. Diastolic Ca(2+) transient kinetics was slowed down by LPS but ameliorated by levosimendan. Selectively blocking intracellular and sarcolemmal Ca(2+) extrusion pathways revealed minor contribution of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) ATPase (SERCA) to Ca(2+) transient diastole in LPS-evoked sepsis but rather depressed Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger and plasmalemmal Ca(2+) ATPase. This was mostly compensated by levosimendan. Actin sliding velocities were depressed in myosin heart extracts from LPS rats. We conclude that endotoxemia specifically impairs sarcolemmal diastolic Ca(2+) extrusion pathways resulting in intracellular diastolic Ca(2+) overload. Levosimendan, apart from stabilizing Ca(2+)-troponin C complexes, potently improves cellular Ca(2+) extrusion in the septic heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Wagner
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Paul-Gordan-Str.3, 91052, Erlangen, Germany
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Hong S, Lee J, Seo HH, Lee CY, Yoo KJ, Kim SM, Lee S, Hwang KC, Choi E. Na(+)-Ca(2+) exchanger targeting miR-132 prevents apoptosis of cardiomyocytes under hypoxic condition by suppressing Ca(2+) overload. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 460:931-7. [PMID: 25839659 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.03.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
During ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury of the heart, Ca(2+) overload occurs, leading to cardiomyocyte dysfunction and eventual cell death by apoptosis. Since preventing Ca(2+) overload during IR injury has been reported to protect cardiomyocytes, interrupting Ca(2+) signaling cascades leading to Ca(2+) overload may exert protective effect on cardiomyocytes under hypoxic condition. One of the key regulators of the intracellular Ca(2+) level during IR injury is Na(+)-Ca(2+) exchanger 1 (NCX1), whose down-regulation during IR injury conferred protection of heart. In the present study, we examined whether down-regulation of NCX1 using exogenous microRNA ameliorates apoptosis of cardiomyocytes under hypoxic condition. Here, we identified miR-132 as a novel microRNA targeting the NCX1, whose expression increased during hypoxia. Delivery of miR-132 suppressed the increase of intracellular Ca(2+) in cardiomyocytes under hypoxia, and the expressions of apoptotic molecules, such as Bax, cytochrome C, and caspase 3, and the number of apoptotic cells were also decreased by exogenous miR-132 treatment. These results suggest the potential of miR-132 as an effective therapeutic agent against IR damage to heart by preventing Ca(2+) overload during hypoxic condition and warrant further studies to validate its anti-apoptotic effect in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soonchang Hong
- Department of Medicine, The Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea; Department of Thoracic & Cardiovascular Surgery, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do 220-710, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyun Lee
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyang-Hee Seo
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Yeon Lee
- Department of Integrated Omics for Biomedical Sciences, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Jong Yoo
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Man Kim
- Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon Metropolitan City 404-834, Republic of Korea
| | - Seahyoung Lee
- Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon Metropolitan City 404-834, Republic of Korea; Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do 210-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Chul Hwang
- Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon Metropolitan City 404-834, Republic of Korea; Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do 210-701, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eunhyun Choi
- Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon Metropolitan City 404-834, Republic of Korea; Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do 210-701, Republic of Korea.
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