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Roig-Juñent SA, Cisterna G, Griotti M. Phylogeny of the South American genus. INVERTEBR SYST 2022. [DOI: 10.1071/is21028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The genus Baripus Dejean is a carabid beetle endemic to southern South America, inhabiting grassland and shrub habitats in mountain and lowland areas. In this work, the phylogeny of the genus is updated and new species restricted to isolated mountains from the Patagonia Biogeographic Province are described. The cladistic analysis showed that the new mountain species comprise a monophyletic clade with five other species. Within this group, the species are arranged in two internal clades. Each clade contains one or two lowland species with a wide distribution range and the remaining species with microendemic distribution on each mountain system. Their distribution pattern suggests that mountain species of Baripus could have originated since (by) the end of the Cenozoic when the mountains uplifted and acted as a refuge for populations of lowland species that remained isolated and later became differentiated from one another. Based on morphological and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I molecular data, Baripus (Cardiophthalmus) palauco, sp. nov., Baripus (Cardiophthalmus) tromen, sp. nov., Baripus (Cardiophthalmus) aucamahuida, sp. nov. and Baripus (Cardiophthalmus) payun, sp. nov. are described and a key to all currently known species of Baripus (Cardiophthalmus) is provided.
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Seidel M, Sýkora V, Leschen RAB, Clarkson B, Fikáček M. Ancient relicts or recent immigrants? Different dating strategies alter diversification scenarios of New Zealand aquatic beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Berosus). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2021; 163:107241. [PMID: 34224848 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2021.107241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Dated species-level phylogenies are crucial for understanding the origin and evolutionary history of modern faunas, yet difficult to obtain due to the frequent absence of suitable age calibrations at species level. Substitution rates of related or more inclusive clades are often used to overcome this limitation but the accuracy of this approach remains untested. We compared tree dating based on substitution rates with analyses implementing fossil data by direct node-dating and indirect root-age constraints for the New Zealand endemic Berosus water beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). The analysis based solely on substitution rates indicated a Miocene colonization of New Zealand and Pleistocene origin of species. By contrast, all analyses that implemented fossil data resulted in significantly older age estimates, indicating an ancient early Cenozoic origin of the New Zealand clade, diversification of species during or after the Oligocene transgression and Miocene-Pliocene origin of within-species population structure. Rate-calibrated time trees were incongruent with recently published Coleoptera time trees, the fossil record of Berosus and the distribution of outgroup species. Strong variation of substitution rates among Coleoptera lineages, as well as among lineages within the family Hydrophilidae, was identified as the principal reason for low accuracy of rate-calibrated analyses, resulting in underestimated node ages in Berosus. We provide evidence that Oligocene to Pliocene events, rather than the Pleistocene Glacial cycles, played an essential role in the formation of the modern New Zealand insect fauna.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Seidel
- Centrum für Naturkunde, Leibniz-Institut zur Analyse des Biodiversitätswandels, Martin-Luther-King Platz 3, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Vít Sýkora
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Richard A B Leschen
- Manaaki Whenua - Landcare Research, New Zealand Arthropod Collection, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Bruno Clarkson
- Laboratório de Biodiversidade Entomológica, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Martin Fikáček
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, Prague 2, Czech Republic; Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Entomology, National Museum, Cirkusová 1740, Prague 9, Czech Republic.
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Koot EM, Morgan-Richards M, Trewick SA. An alpine grasshopper radiation older than the mountains, on Kā Tiritiri o te Moana (Southern Alps) of Aotearoa (New Zealand). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2020; 147:106783. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2020.106783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Taylor-Smith B, Morgan-Richards M, Trewick SA. Patterns of regional endemism among New Zealand invertebrates. NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/03014223.2019.1681479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Glaw F, Hawlitschek O, Dunz A, Goldberg J, Bradler S. When Giant Stick Insects Play With Colors: Molecular Phylogeny of the Achriopterini and Description of Two New Splendid Species (Phasmatodea: Achrioptera) From Madagascar. Front Ecol Evol 2019. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2019.00105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
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Beasley-Hall PG, Tierney SM, Weinstein P, Austin AD. A revised phylogeny of macropathine cave crickets (Orthoptera: Rhaphidophoridae) uncovers a paraphyletic Australian fauna. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2018; 126:153-161. [PMID: 29678644 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2018.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Revised: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Australian cave crickets are members of the subfamily Macropathinae (Orthoptera: Rhaphidophoridae). The subfamily is thought to have originated prior to the tectonic separation of the supercontinent Gondwana based on distributions of extant lineages and molecular phylogenetic evidence, although the Australian fauna have been underrepresented in previous studies. The current study augments existing multigene data (using 12S, 16S, and 28S rRNA genes) to investigate the placement of the Australian representatives within the Macropathinae and to assess divergence dates of select clades. Results suggest that the endemic Tasmanian genus Parvotettix is the sister lineage to the remaining members of the subfamily, an outcome that presents a paraphyletic Australian fauna in contrast to previous studies. All other Australian taxa represented in this study (Micropathus and Novotettix) emerged as a sister group to the New Zealand and South American macropathine lineages. Estimation of phylogenetic divergence ages among the aforementioned clades were calibrated using two methods, in absence of suitable fossil records: (i) tectonic events depicting the fragmentation of Gondwanan landmasses that invoke vicariant scenarios of present day geographic distributions; and (ii) molecular evolutionary rates. Geological calibrations place the median age of the most recent common ancestor of extant macropathines at ∼125 to ∼165 Ma, whereas analyses derived from molecular substitution rates suggest a considerably younger origin of ∼32 Ma. This phylogenetic study represents the most rigorous taxonomic sampling of the Australian cave cricket fauna to date and stresses the influence of lineage representation on biogeographic inference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perry G Beasley-Hall
- Australian Centre for Evolutionary Biology and Biodiversity, and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia(1).
| | - Simon M Tierney
- Australian Centre for Evolutionary Biology and Biodiversity, and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia; Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 27531, Australia
| | - Phillip Weinstein
- Australian Centre for Evolutionary Biology and Biodiversity, and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Andrew D Austin
- Australian Centre for Evolutionary Biology and Biodiversity, and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
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Andriananjamanantsoa HN, Engberg S, Louis EE, Brouillet L. Diversification of Angraecum (Orchidaceae, Vandeae) in Madagascar: Revised Phylogeny Reveals Species Accumulation through Time Rather than Rapid Radiation. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0163194. [PMID: 27669569 PMCID: PMC5036805 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0163194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Angraecum is the largest genus of subtribe Angraecinae (Orchidaceae) with about 221 species. Madagascar is the center of the diversity for the genus with ca. 142 species, of which 90% are endemic. The great morphological diversity associated with species diversification in the genus on the island of Madagascar offers valuable insights for macroevolutionary studies. Phylogenies of the Angraecinae have been published but a lack of taxon and character sampling and their limited taxonomic resolution limit their uses for macroevolutionary studies. We present a new phylogeny of Angraecum based on chloroplast sequence data (matk, rps16, trnL), nuclear ribosomal (ITS2) and 39 morphological characters from 194 Angraecinae species of which 69 were newly sampled. Using this phylogeny, we evaluated the monophyly of the sections of Angraecum as defined by Garay and investigated the patterns of species diversification within the genus. We used maximum parsimony and bayesian analyses to generate phylogenetic trees and dated divergence times of the phylogeny. We analyzed diversification patterns within Angraecinae and Angraecum with an emphasis on four floral characters (flower color, flower size, labellum position, spur length) using macroevolutionary models to evaluate which characters or character states are associated with speciation rates, and inferred ancestral states of these characters. The phylogenetic analysis showed the polyphyly of Angraecum sensu lato and of all Angraecum sections except sect. Hadrangis, and that morphology can be consistent with the phylogeny. It appeared that the characters (flower color, flower size, spur length) formerly used by many authors to delineate Angraecum groups were insufficient to do so. However, the newly described character, position of the labellum (uppermost and lowermost), was the main character delimiting clades within a monophyletic Angraecum sensu stricto. This character also appeared to be associated with speciation rates in Angraecum. The macroevolutionary model-based phylogeny failed to detect shifts in diversification that could be associated directly with morphological diversification. Diversification in Angraecum resulted from gradual species accumulation through time rather than from rapid radiation, a diversification pattern often encountered in tropical rain forests.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shannon Engberg
- Omaha’s Henry Doorly Zoo and Aquarium, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Edward E. Louis
- Omaha’s Henry Doorly Zoo and Aquarium, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Luc Brouillet
- Département de sciences biologiques, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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Goldberg J, Morgan-Richards M, Trewick SA. Intercontinental island hopping: Colonization and speciation of the grasshopper genus Phaulacridium (Orthoptera: Acrididae) in Australasia. ZOOL ANZ 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2015.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Goldberg J, Bresseel J, Constant J, Kneubühler B, Leubner F, Michalik P, Bradler S. Extreme convergence in egg-laying strategy across insect orders. Sci Rep 2015; 5:7825. [PMID: 25592976 PMCID: PMC4648384 DOI: 10.1038/srep07825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2014] [Accepted: 12/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The eggs of stick and leaf insects (Phasmatodea) bear strong resemblance to plant seeds and are commonly dispersed by females dropping them to the litter. Here we report a novel egg-deposition mode for Phasmatodea performed by an undescribed Vietnamese species of the enigmatic subfamily Korinninae that produces a complex egg case (ootheca), containing numerous eggs in a highly ordered arrangement. This novel egg-deposition mode is most reminiscent of egg cases produced by members of unrelated insect orders, e.g. by praying mantises (Mantodea) and tortoise beetles (Coleoptera: Cassidinae). Ootheca production constitutes a striking convergence and major transition in reproductive strategy among stick insects, viz. a shift from dispersal of individual eggs to elaborate egg concentration. Adaptive advantages of ootheca formation on arboreal substrate are likely related to protection against parasitoids and desiccation and to allocation of specific host plants. Our phylogenetic analysis of nuclear (28S, H3) and mitochondrial (COI, COII) genes recovered Korinninae as a subordinate taxon among the species-rich Necrosciinae with Asceles as sister taxon, thus suggesting that placement of single eggs on leaves by host plant specialists might be the evolutionary precursor of ootheca formation within stick insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Goldberg
- Johann-Friedrich-Blumenbach-Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Berliner Str. 28, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Joachim Bresseel
- Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Vautier Street 29, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jerome Constant
- Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Vautier Street 29, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Fanny Leubner
- Johann-Friedrich-Blumenbach-Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Berliner Str. 28, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Peter Michalik
- Zoological Institute and Museum, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University, Johann-Sebastian-Bach-Str. 11/12, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Sven Bradler
- Johann-Friedrich-Blumenbach-Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Berliner Str. 28, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
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