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Du CM, Leu WJ, Jiang YH, Chan SH, Chen IS, Chang HS, Hsu LC, Hsu JL, Guh JH. Cardenolide glycosides sensitize gefitinib-induced apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer: inhibition of Na +/K +-ATPase serving as a switch-on mechanism. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:6533-6550. [PMID: 38451282 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03031-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
The treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is known as a significant level of unmet medical need in spite of the progress in targeted therapy and personalized therapy. Overexpression of the Na+/K+-ATPase contributes to NSCLC progression, suggesting its potentiality in antineoplastic approaches. Epi-reevesioside F, purified from Reevesia formosana, showed potent anti-NSCLC activity through inhibiting the Na+/K+-ATPase, leading to internalization of α1- and α3-subunits in Na+/K+-ATPase and suppression of Akt-independent mTOR-p70S6K-4EBP1 axis. Epi-reevesioside F caused a synergistic amplification of apoptosis induced by gefitinib but not cisplatin, docetaxel, etoposide, paclitaxel, or vinorelbine in both NCI-H460 and A549 cells. The synergism was validated by enhanced activation of the caspase cascade. Bax cleavage, tBid formation, and downregulation of Bcl-xL and Bcl-2 contributed to the synergistic apoptosis induced by the combination treatment of epi-reevesioside F and gefitinib. The increase of membrane DR4 and DR5 levels, intracellular Ca2+ concentrations, and active m-calpain expression were responsible for the caspase-8 activation and Bax cleavage. The increased α-tubulin acetylation and activation of MAPK (i.e., p38 MAPK, Erk, and JNK) depending on cell types contributed to the synergistic mechanism under combination treatment. These signaling pathways that converged on profound c-Myc downregulation led to synergistic apoptosis in NSCLC. In conclusion, the data suggest that epi-reevesioside F inhibits the Na+/K+-ATPase and displays potent anti-NSCLC activity. Epi-reevesioside F sensitizes gefitinib-induced apoptosis through multiple pathways that converge on c-Myc downregulation. The data support the inhibition of Na+/K+-ATPase as a switch-on mechanism to sensitize gefitinib-induced anti-NSCLC activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Min Du
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, No. 33, Linsen S. Rd., Zhongzheng Dist, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | - Wohn-Jenn Leu
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, No. 33, Linsen S. Rd., Zhongzheng Dist, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Huei Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, No. 33, Linsen S. Rd., Zhongzheng Dist, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | - She-Hung Chan
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Providence University, 200, Sec. 7, Taiwan Boulevard, Shalu Dist, Taichung, 43301, Taiwan
| | - Ih-Sheng Chen
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Taiwan, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsun-Shuo Chang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Taiwan, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Lih-Ching Hsu
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, No. 33, Linsen S. Rd., Zhongzheng Dist, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Ling Hsu
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, No. 33, Linsen S. Rd., Zhongzheng Dist, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.
- Department of Nursing, Division of Basic Medical Sciences, Chang-Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Oncology, New Taipei Municipal TuCheng Hospital, New Taipei City, 236, Taiwan.
| | - Jih-Hwa Guh
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, No. 33, Linsen S. Rd., Zhongzheng Dist, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.
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Hushmandi K, Saadat SH, Raei M, Daneshi S, Aref AR, Nabavi N, Taheriazam A, Hashemi M. Implications of c-Myc in the pathogenesis and treatment efficacy of urological cancers. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 259:155381. [PMID: 38833803 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Urological cancers, including prostate, bladder, and renal cancers, are significant causes of death and negatively impact the quality of life for patients. The development and progression of these cancers are linked to the dysregulation of molecular pathways. c-Myc, recognized as an oncogene, exhibits abnormal levels in various types of tumors, and current evidence supports the therapeutic targeting of c-Myc in cancer treatment. This review aims to elucidate the role of c-Myc in driving the progression of urological cancers. c-Myc functions to enhance tumorigenesis and has been documented to increase growth and metastasis in prostate, bladder, and renal cancers. Furthermore, the dysregulation of c-Myc can result in a diminished response to therapy in these cancers. Non-coding RNAs, β-catenin, and XIAP are among the regulators of c-Myc in urological cancers. Targeting and suppressing c-Myc therapeutically for the treatment of these cancers has been explored. Additionally, the expression level of c-Myc may serve as a prognostic factor in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiavash Hushmandi
- Nephrology and Urology Research Center, Clinical Sciences Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Seyed Hassan Saadat
- Nephrology and Urology Research Center, Clinical Sciences Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Raei
- Health Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Salman Daneshi
- Department of Public Health,School of Health,Jiroft University Of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Iran
| | - Amir Reza Aref
- Department of Translational Sciences, Xsphera Biosciences Inc. Boston, MA, USA; Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Noushin Nabavi
- Department of Urologic Sciences and Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, V6H3Z6, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Afshin Taheriazam
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mehrdad Hashemi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
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Ainembabazi D, Zhang Y, Turchi JJ. The mechanistic role of cardiac glycosides in DNA damage response and repair signaling. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:250. [PMID: 37584722 PMCID: PMC10432338 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04910-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac glycosides (CGs) are a class of bioactive organic compounds well-known for their application in treating heart disease despite a narrow therapeutic window. Considerable evidence has demonstrated the potential to repurpose CGs for cancer treatment. Chemical modification of these CGs has been utilized in attempts to increase their anti-cancer properties; however, this has met limited success as their mechanism of action is still speculative. Recent studies have identified the DNA damage response (DDR) pathway as a target of CGs. DDR serves to coordinate numerous cellular pathways to initiate cell cycle arrest, promote DNA repair, regulate replication fork firing and protection, or induce apoptosis to avoid the survival of cells with DNA damage or cells carrying mutations. Understanding the modus operandi of cardiac glycosides will provide critical information to better address improvements in potency, reduced toxicity, and the potential to overcome drug resistance. This review summarizes recent scientific findings of the molecular mechanisms of cardiac glycosides affecting the DDR signaling pathway in cancer therapeutics from 2010 to 2022. We focus on the structural and functional differences of CGs toward identifying the critical features for DDR targeting of these agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Ainembabazi
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Joseph E Walther Hall, Indiana University, 980 W. Walnut St, C560, R3-C560, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA
| | - Youwei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA
| | - John J. Turchi
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Joseph E Walther Hall, Indiana University, 980 W. Walnut St, C560, R3-C560, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA
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Murtazina A, Ruiz Alcala G, Jimenez-Martinez Y, Marchal JA, Tarabayeva A, Bitanova E, McDougall G, Bishimbayeva N, Boulaiz H. Anti-Cancerous Potential of Polysaccharides Derived from Wheat Cell Culture. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14051100. [PMID: 35631686 PMCID: PMC9147229 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14051100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a global need to discover effective anti-cancerous compounds from natural sources. Cultivated wheat cells can be a valuable source of non-toxic or low toxic plant-derived polysaccharides. In this study, we evaluated the anti-cancer ability of seven fractions of wheat cell culture polysaccharides (WCCPSs) in the HCT-116 colon cancer cell line. Almost all (6/7) fractions had an inhibitory effect on the proliferation of colon cancer cells, and two fractions (A-b and A-f) had considerable therapeutic indexes. The WCCPS fractions induced cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase and induced different rates of apoptosis (≤48%). Transmission and scanning electron microscopy revealed that WCCPS fractions caused apoptotic changes in the nucleus and cytoplasm, including damage to mitochondria and external morphological signs of apoptosis. In addition, the WCCPSs induced an increase in the levels of Bax, cytochrome c, and caspases 8 and 3, indicating that cell death progressed through intrinsic and extrinsic pathways of apoptosis. Furthermore, some fractions caused a significant decrease of c-Myc, b-catenin, NFkB2, and HCAM (CD 44) levels, indicating enhanced cell differentiation. Thus, for the first time, our results provide a proof of concept of the anti-cancer capacity of WCCPS fractions in colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alima Murtazina
- Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain or (A.M.); (G.R.A.); (Y.J.-M.); (J.A.M.)
- Department of General Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Asfendyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty A35B8H9, Kazakhstan; (A.T.); (E.B.)
- Research Center “Bioscience Technologies”, Almaty A15G7B0, Kazakhstan
| | - Gloria Ruiz Alcala
- Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain or (A.M.); (G.R.A.); (Y.J.-M.); (J.A.M.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. GRANADA, University Hospitals of Granada, University of Granada, 18012 Granada, Spain
| | - Yaiza Jimenez-Martinez
- Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain or (A.M.); (G.R.A.); (Y.J.-M.); (J.A.M.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. GRANADA, University Hospitals of Granada, University of Granada, 18012 Granada, Spain
| | - Juan Antonio Marchal
- Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain or (A.M.); (G.R.A.); (Y.J.-M.); (J.A.M.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. GRANADA, University Hospitals of Granada, University of Granada, 18012 Granada, Spain
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18012 Granada, Spain
- Research Unit “Modeling Nature” (MNat), University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Anel Tarabayeva
- Department of General Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Asfendyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty A35B8H9, Kazakhstan; (A.T.); (E.B.)
| | - Elmira Bitanova
- Department of General Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Asfendyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty A35B8H9, Kazakhstan; (A.T.); (E.B.)
| | - Gordon McDougall
- Plant Biochemistry and Food Quality Group, Environmental and Biochemical Sciences Department, The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, UK;
| | - Nazira Bishimbayeva
- Research Center “Bioscience Technologies”, Almaty A15G7B0, Kazakhstan
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty A15E3B4, Kazakhstan
- Correspondence: or (N.B.); (H.B.)
| | - Houria Boulaiz
- Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain or (A.M.); (G.R.A.); (Y.J.-M.); (J.A.M.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. GRANADA, University Hospitals of Granada, University of Granada, 18012 Granada, Spain
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18012 Granada, Spain
- Research Unit “Modeling Nature” (MNat), University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Correspondence: or (N.B.); (H.B.)
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Molecular landscape of c-Myc signaling in prostate cancer: A roadmap to clinical translation. Pathol Res Pract 2022; 233:153851. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2022.153851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Bai B, Chen Q, Jing R, He X, Wang H, Ban Y, Ye Q, Xu W, Zheng C. Molecular Basis of Prostate Cancer and Natural Products as Potential Chemotherapeutic and Chemopreventive Agents. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:738235. [PMID: 34630112 PMCID: PMC8495205 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.738235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the second most common malignant cancer in males. It involves a complex process driven by diverse molecular pathways that closely related to the survival, apoptosis, metabolic and metastatic characteristics of aggressive cancer. Prostate cancer can be categorized into androgen dependent prostate cancer and castration-resistant prostate cancer and cure remains elusive due to the developed resistance of the disease. Natural compounds represent an extraordinary resource of structural scaffolds with high diversity that can offer promising chemical agents for making prostate cancer less devastating and curable. Herein, those natural compounds of different origins and structures with potential cytotoxicity and/or in vivo anti-tumor activities against prostate cancer are critically reviewed and summarized according to the cellular signaling pathways they interfere. Moreover, the anti-prostate cancer efficacy of many nutrients, medicinal plant extracts and Chinese medical formulations were presented, and the future prospects for the application of these compounds and extracts were discussed. Although the failure of conventional chemotherapy as well as involved serious side effects makes natural products ideal candidates for the treatment of prostate cancer, more investigations of preclinical and even clinical studies are necessary to make use of these medical substances reasonably. Therefore, the elucidation of structure-activity relationship and precise mechanism of action, identification of novel potential molecular targets, and optimization of drug combination are essential in natural medicine research and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingke Bai
- Department of Chinese Medicine Authentication, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianbo Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Jing
- Department of Chinese Medicine Authentication, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuhui He
- Department of Chinese Medicine Authentication, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongrui Wang
- Department of Chinese Medicine Authentication, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanfei Ban
- Department of Chinese Medicine Authentication, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Ye
- Department of Biological Science, College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Weiheng Xu
- Department of Biochemical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengjian Zheng
- Department of Chinese Medicine Authentication, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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Cytotoxicity of glucoevatromonoside alone and in combination with chemotherapy drugs and their effects on Na +,K +-ATPase and ion channels on lung cancer cells. Mol Cell Biochem 2021; 476:1825-1848. [PMID: 33459980 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-020-04040-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac glycosides (CGs) are useful drugs to treat cardiac illnesses and have potent cytotoxic and anticancer effects in cultured cells and animal models. Their receptor is the Na+,K+ ATPase, but other plasma membrane proteins might bind CGs as well. Herein, we evaluated the short- and long-lasting cytotoxic effects of the natural cardenolide glucoevatromonoside (GEV) on non-small-cell lung cancer H460 cells. We also tested GEV effects on Na+,K+ -ATPase activity and membrane currents, alone or in combination with selected chemotherapy drugs. GEV reduced viability, migration, and invasion of H460 cells spheroids. It also induced cell cycle arrest and death and reduced the clonogenic survival and cumulative population doubling. GEV inhibited Na+,K+-ATPase activity on A549 and H460 cells and purified pig kidney cells membrane. However, it showed no activity on the human red blood cell plasma membrane. Additionally, GEV triggered a Cl-mediated conductance on H460 cells without affecting the transient voltage-gated sodium current. The administration of GEV in combination with the chemotherapeutic drugs paclitaxel (PAC), cisplatin (CIS), irinotecan (IRI), and etoposide (ETO) showed synergistic antiproliferative effects, especially when combined with GEV + CIS and GEV + PAC. Taken together, our results demonstrate that GEV is a potential drug for cancer therapy because it reduces lung cancer H460 cell viability, migration, and invasion. Our results also reveal a link between the Na+,K+-ATPase and Cl- ion channels.
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Reddy D, Kumavath R, Barh D, Azevedo V, Ghosh P. Anticancer and Antiviral Properties of Cardiac Glycosides: A Review to Explore the Mechanism of Actions. Molecules 2020; 25:E3596. [PMID: 32784680 PMCID: PMC7465415 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25163596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac glycosides (CGs) have a long history of treating cardiac diseases. However, recent reports have suggested that CGs also possess anticancer and antiviral activities. The primary mechanism of action of these anticancer agents is by suppressing the Na+/k+-ATPase by decreasing the intracellular K+ and increasing the Na+ and Ca2+. Additionally, CGs were known to act as inhibitors of IL8 production, DNA topoisomerase I and II, anoikis prevention and suppression of several target genes responsible for the inhibition of cancer cell proliferation. Moreover, CGs were reported to be effective against several DNA and RNA viral species such as influenza, human cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex virus, coronavirus, tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) virus and Ebola virus. CGs were reported to suppress the HIV-1 gene expression, viral protein translation and alters viral pre-mRNA splicing to inhibit the viral replication. To date, four CGs (Anvirzel, UNBS1450, PBI05204 and digoxin) were in clinical trials for their anticancer activity. This review encapsulates the current knowledge about CGs as anticancer and antiviral drugs in isolation and in combination with some other drugs to enhance their efficiency. Further studies of this class of biomolecules are necessary to determine their possible inhibitory role in cancer and viral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhanasekhar Reddy
- Department of Genomic Science, School of Biological Sciences, University of Kerala, Tejaswini Hills, Periya (P.O), Kasaragod, Kerala 671320, India;
| | - Ranjith Kumavath
- Department of Genomic Science, School of Biological Sciences, University of Kerala, Tejaswini Hills, Periya (P.O), Kasaragod, Kerala 671320, India;
| | - Debmalya Barh
- Centre for Genomics and Applied Gene Technology, Institute of Integrative Omics and Applied Biotechnology (IIOAB), Nonakuri, Purba Medinipur WB-721172, India;
| | - Vasco Azevedo
- Laboratório de Genética Celular e Molecular, Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal deMinas Gerais (UFMG), Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil;
| | - Preetam Ghosh
- Department of Computer Science, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA;
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Oleandrin and Its Derivative Odoroside A, Both Cardiac Glycosides, Exhibit Anticancer Effects by Inhibiting Invasion via Suppressing the STAT-3 Signaling Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19113350. [PMID: 30373171 PMCID: PMC6274837 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The cardiac glycosides oleandrin and odoroside A, polyphenolic monomer compounds extracted from Nerium oleander, have been found to have antitumor effects on various tumors at low doses. However, the mechanisms of anticancer effects of oleandrin and odoroside A are not well known. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate the anticancer effects of oleandrin and odoroside A and their associated mechanisms in highly metastatic MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells and radiotherapy-resistant (RT-R) MDA-MB-231 cells. Our results showed that oleandrin and odoroside A dose-dependently decreased the colony formation and the invasion of both cell lines at nanomolar ranges. Furthermore, oleandrin (50 nM) and odoroside A (100 nM) reduced octamer-binding transcription factor 3/4 (OCT3/4) and β-catenin levels and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) activity. Finally, we found that phospho-STAT-3 levels were increased in MDA-MB-231 and RT-R-MDA-MB-231, but not in endothelial cells (ECs), and that the levels were significantly decreased by oleandrin (50 nM) and odoroside A (100 nM). Inhibition of phospho-signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)-3 significantly reduced OCT3/4 and β-catenin levels and MMP-9 activity, ultimately resulting in reduced invasion. These results suggest that the anticancer effects of oleandrin and odoroside A might be due to the inhibition of invasion through of phospho-STAT-3-mediated pathways that are involved in the regulation of invasion-related molecules.
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Leu WJ, Swain SP, Chan SH, Hsu JL, Liu SP, Chan ML, Yu CC, Hsu LC, Chou YL, Chang WL, Hou DR, Guh JH. Non-immunosuppressive triazole-based small molecule induces anticancer activity against human hormone-refractory prostate cancers: the role in inhibition of PI3K/AKT/mTOR and c-Myc signaling pathways. Oncotarget 2018; 7:76995-77009. [PMID: 27769069 PMCID: PMC5363565 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of triazole-based small molecules that mimic FTY720-mediated anticancer activity but minimize its immunosuppressive effect have been produced. SPS-7 is the most effective derivative displaying higher activity than FTY720 in anti-proliferation against human hormone-refractory prostate cancer (HRPC). It induced G1 arrest of cell cycle and subsequent apoptosis in thymidine block-mediated synchronization model. The data were supported by a decrease of cyclin D1 expression, a dramatic increase of p21 expression and an associated decrease in RB phosphorylation. c-Myc overexpression replenished protein levels of cyclin D1 indicating that c-Myc was responsible for cell cycle regulation. PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathways through p70S6K- and 4EBP1-mediated translational regulation are critical to cell proliferation and survival. SPS-7 significantly inhibited this translational pathway. Overexpression of Myr-Akt (constitutively active Akt) completely abolished SPS-7-induced inhibitory effect on mTOR/p70S6K/4EBP1 signaling and c-Myc protein expression, suggesting that PI3K/Akt serves as a key upstream regulator. SPS-7 also demonstrated substantial anti-tumor efficacy in an in vivo xenograft study using PC-3 mouse model. Notably, FTY720 but not SPS-7 induced a significant immunosuppressive effect as evidenced by depletion of marginal zone B cells, down-regulation of sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors and a decrease in peripheral blood lymphocytes. In conclusion, the data suggest that SPS-7 is not an immunosuppressant while induces anticancer effect against HRPC through inhibition of Akt/mTOR/p70S6K pathwaysthat down-regulate protein levels of both c-Myc and cyclin D1, leading to G1 arrest of cell cycle and subsequent apoptosis. The data also indicate the potential of SPS-7 since PI3K/Akt signalingis responsive for the genomic alterations in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wohn-Jenn Leu
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - She-Hung Chan
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Ling Hsu
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ping Liu
- Department of Urology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Ling Chan
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chun Yu
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lih-Ching Hsu
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Lin Chou
- Department of Chemistry, National Central University, Jhong-li, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ling Chang
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Duen-Ren Hou
- Department of Chemistry, National Central University, Jhong-li, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jih-Hwa Guh
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Schneider NFZ, Persich L, Rocha SC, Ramos ACP, Cortes VF, Silva IT, Munkert J, Pádua RM, Kreis W, Taranto AG, Barbosa LA, Braga FC, Simões CM. Cytotoxic and cytostatic effects of digitoxigenin monodigitoxoside (DGX) in human lung cancer cells and its link to Na,K-ATPase. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 97:684-696. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.10.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
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12
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Yang Z, Li Y, Gao J, Cao Z, Jiang Q, Liu J. pH and redox dual-responsive multifunctional gene delivery with enhanced capability of transporting DNA into the nucleus. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2017; 153:111-122. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2017.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Revised: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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13
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Schneider NFZ, Silva IT, Persich L, de Carvalho A, Rocha SC, Marostica L, Ramos ACP, Taranto AG, Pádua RM, Kreis W, Barbosa LA, Braga FC, Simões CMO. Cytotoxic effects of the cardenolide convallatoxin and its Na,K-ATPase regulation. Mol Cell Biochem 2017; 428:23-39. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-016-2914-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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14
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Diederich M, Muller F, Cerella C. Cardiac glycosides: From molecular targets to immunogenic cell death. Biochem Pharmacol 2017; 125:1-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2016.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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15
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Wang T, Xu P, Wang F, Zhou D, Wang R, Meng L, Wang X, Zhou M, Chen B, Ouyang J. Effects of digoxin on cell cycle, apoptosis and NF-κB pathway in Burkitt's lymphoma cells and animal model. Leuk Lymphoma 2017; 58:1673-1685. [PMID: 28084852 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2016.1256480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Digoxin has potential antitumor properties. This study investigated whether digoxin suppressed Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) cells. Raji and NAMALWA cells were exposed to digoxin, followed by assay of cell viability, apoptosis and cell cycle. Western blotting was used to analyze NF-κB activity. A xenograft model was established for therapeutic efficacy evaluation. Digoxin inhibited cell growth and resulted in apoptosis and cell cycle arrest (G0/G1 for Raji cells; G2/M for NAMALWA cells). Digoxin inhibited DNA synthesis and induced morphological apoptotic characteristics. Besides, digoxin inhibited NF-κB and TNF-α-stimulated NF-κB activity, and suppressed NF-κB initiating genes (Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, cyclin D1, and c-myc), however, increased p21cip1. Digoxin activated caspase-9/3. Furthermore, digoxin inhibited xenograft tumors growth and reduced Ki-67 and c-myc. Digoxin exerted antitumor effects on BL cells in vitro and in vivo might through regulating NF-κB and caspase pathway. These outcomes highlight the potential of digoxin as a therapeutic agent for BL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wang
- a Department of Hematology , Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School , Nanjing , PR China
| | - Peipei Xu
- a Department of Hematology , Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School , Nanjing , PR China
| | - Fan Wang
- a Department of Hematology , Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School , Nanjing , PR China
| | - Di Zhou
- a Department of Hematology , Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School , Nanjing , PR China
| | - Ruju Wang
- b Department of Hematology , Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Medical College of Southeast University , Nanjing , PR China
| | - Li Meng
- c Department of Maternity Intensive Care Unit , Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , PR China
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- a Department of Hematology , Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School , Nanjing , PR China
| | - Min Zhou
- a Department of Hematology , Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School , Nanjing , PR China
| | - Bing Chen
- a Department of Hematology , Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School , Nanjing , PR China
| | - Jian Ouyang
- a Department of Hematology , Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School , Nanjing , PR China
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16
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Kankala RK, Tsai PY, Kuthati Y, Wei PR, Liu CL, Lee CH. Overcoming multidrug resistance through co-delivery of ROS-generating nano-machinery in cancer therapeutics. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:1507-1517. [DOI: 10.1039/c6tb03146c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The use of nanotechnology to overcome multidrug resistance (MDR) in cancer cells has been predominant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjith Kumar Kankala
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Biotechnology
- National Dong Hwa University
- Hualien
- Taiwan
- College of Chemical Engineering
| | - Pei-Yu Tsai
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Biotechnology
- National Dong Hwa University
- Hualien
- Taiwan
| | - Yaswanth Kuthati
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Biotechnology
- National Dong Hwa University
- Hualien
- Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ru Wei
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Biotechnology
- National Dong Hwa University
- Hualien
- Taiwan
| | - Chen-Lun Liu
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Biotechnology
- National Dong Hwa University
- Hualien
- Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hung Lee
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Biotechnology
- National Dong Hwa University
- Hualien
- Taiwan
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17
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Chang HS, Lin CH, Hsiao PY, Peng HT, Lee SJ, Cheng MJ, Chen IS. Bioactive composition of Reevesia formosana root and stem with cytotoxic activity potential. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra04255h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Three lignanoids and three terpenoids, along with 40 known compounds were isolated from Reevesia formosana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsun-Shuo Chang
- School of Pharmacy
- College of Pharmacy
- Kaohsiung Medical University
- Kaohsiung 807
- Taiwan
| | - Chu-Hung Lin
- School of Pharmacy
- College of Pharmacy
- Kaohsiung Medical University
- Kaohsiung 807
- Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yu Hsiao
- Department of Pharmacy
- Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital
- Kaohsiung 813
- Taiwan
| | - Hung-Ti Peng
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products
- College of Pharmacy
- Kaohsiung Medical University
- Kaohsiung 807
- Taiwan
| | - Shiow-Ju Lee
- Division of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research
- National Health Research Institutes
- Miaoli 350
- Taiwan
| | - Ming-Jen Cheng
- Bioresource Collection and Research Center
- Food Industry Research and Development Institute
- Hsinchu 300
- Taiwan
| | - Ih-Sheng Chen
- School of Pharmacy
- College of Pharmacy
- Kaohsiung Medical University
- Kaohsiung 807
- Taiwan
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18
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Epi-reevesioside F inhibits Na+/K+-ATPase, causing cytosolic acidification, Bak activation and apoptosis in glioblastoma. Oncotarget 2016; 6:24032-46. [PMID: 26125228 PMCID: PMC4695168 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 06/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Epi-reevesioside F, a new cardiac glycoside isolated from the root of Reevesia formosana, displayed potent activity against glioblastoma cells. Epi-reevesioside F was more potent than ouabain with IC50 values of 27.3±1.7 vs. 48.7±1.8 nM (P < 0.001) and 45.0±3.4 vs. 81.3±4.3 nM (P < 0.001) in glioblastoma T98 and U87 cells, respectively. However, both Epi-reevesioside F and ouabain were ineffective in A172 cells, a glioblastoma cell line with low Na+/K+-ATPase α3 subunit expression. Epi-reevesioside F induced cell cycle arrest at S and G2 phases and apoptosis. It also induced an increase of intracellular concentration of Na+ but not Ca2+, cleavage and exposure of N-terminus of Bak, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, inhibition of Akt activity and induction of caspase cascades. Potassium supplements significantly inhibited Epi-reevesioside F-induced effects. Notably, Epi-reevesioside F caused cytosolic acidification that was highly correlated with the anti-proliferative activity. In summary, the data suggest that Epi-reevesioside F inhibits Na+/K+-ATPase, leading to overload of intracellular Na+ and cytosolic acidification, Bak activation and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. The PI3-kinase/Akt pathway is inhibited and caspase-dependent apoptosis is ultimately triggered in Epi-reevesioside F-treated glioblastoma cells.
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19
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Durlacher CT, Chow K, Chen XW, He ZX, Zhang X, Yang T, Zhou SF. Targeting Na⁺/K⁺ -translocating adenosine triphosphatase in cancer treatment. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2016; 42:427-43. [PMID: 25739707 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.12385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2014] [Revised: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The Na(+) /K(+) -translocating adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) transports sodium and potassium across the plasma membrane and represents a potential target in cancer chemotherapy. Na(+) /K(+) -ATPase belongs to the P-type ATPase family (also known as E1-E2 ATPase), which is involved in transporting certain ions, metals, and lipids across the plasma membrane of mammalian cells. In humans, the Na(+) /K(+) -ATPase is a binary complex of an α-subunit that has four isoforms (α1 -α4 ) and a β-subunit that has three isoforms (β1 -β3 ). This review aims to update our knowledge on the role of Na(+) /K(+) -ATPase in cancer development and metastasis, as well as on how Na(+) /K(+) -ATPase inhibitors kill tumour cells. The Na(+) /K(+) -ATPase has been found to be associated with cancer initiation, growth, development, and metastasis. Cardiac glycosides have exhibited anticancer effects in cell-based and mouse studies via inhibition of the Na(+) /K(+) -ATPase and other mechanisms. Na(+) /K(+) -ATPase inhibitors may kill cancer cells via induction of apoptosis and autophagy, radical oxygen species production, and cell cycle arrest. They also modulate multiple signalling pathways that regulate cancer cell survival and death, which contributes to their antiproliferative activities in cancer cells. The clinical evidence supporting the use of Na(+) /K(+) -ATPase inhibitors as anticancer drugs is weak. Several phase I and phase II clinical trials with digoxin, Anvirzel, and huachansu (an intravenous formulated extract of the venom of the wild toad), either alone or more often in combination with other anticancer agents, have shown acceptable safety profiles but limited efficacy in cancer patients. Well-designed randomized clinical trials with reasonable sample sizes are certainly warranted to confirm the efficacy and safety of cardiac glycosides for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron T Durlacher
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
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20
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Cong PF, Qu YC, Chen JP, Duan LL, Lin CJ, Zhu XL, Li-Ling J, Zhang MX. Growth inhibition and apoptosis induction by alternol in pancreatic carcinoma cells. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21:4526-4535. [PMID: 25914461 PMCID: PMC4402299 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i15.4526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Revised: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the effect of alternol on pancreatic cancer cells.
METHODS: Pancreatic cancer cells PANC-1 and BxPC3 were treated with various concentrations of alternol for 24, 48 and 72 h. Cell proliferation was measured by cell counting. Cell cycle distribution and mitochondrial membrane potential were determined by flow cytometry. Apoptosis was determined by a TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling assay and Hoechst staining. Expression of caspase 3, Bcl-2, p53 and p21 was measured by western blotting.
RESULTS: Alternol showed dose- and time-dependent inhibition of the proliferation of PANC-1 and BxPC3 cells in vitro. Alternol induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at S phase and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential. Alternol activated caspase 3, upregulated p53 and p21 expression, and downregulated Bcl-2 expression in a dose-dependent manner.
CONCLUSION: Our results suggested that alternol is a candidate for treatment of pancreatic cancer.
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21
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Wei W, Li L, Wang X, Yan L, Cao W, Zhan Z, Zhang X, Yu H, Xie Y, Xiao Q. Overexpression of caudal type homeobox transcription factor 2 inhibits the growth of the MGC-803 human gastric cancer cell line in vivo. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:905-12. [PMID: 25738600 PMCID: PMC4438918 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Caudal type homeobox transcription factor 2 (CDX2) is important in intestinal cell fate specification and multiple lines of evidence have substantiated that CDX2 is important in carcinogenesis of the digestive tract. The CDX2 regulatory network is intricate and remains to be fully elucidated in gastric cancer. The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of CDX2 on the growth of the MGC-803 human gastric cancer cell line in vivo, and to elucidate the mechanism involved. The effects of the overexpression of CDX2 in xenograft tumors of MGC-803 cells was investigated in nude mice through the injection of CDX2 recombinant lentiviral vectors. The tumor size was measured using vernier callipers. The expression levels of CDX2, survivin, B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), cyclin D1, s-phase kinase-associated protein 2 (Skp2) and c-Myc in the tumor cells were analyzed by western blotting and semi-quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The apoptotic rates were determined using a terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling assay. The overexpression of CDX2 was observed in the group subjected to the injection of CDX2 recombinant lentiviral vectors. CDX2 had an inhibitory effect on the MGC-803 human gastric cancer cell line and promoted tumor cell apoptosis in vivo. Furthermore, the overexpression of CDX2 upregulated the expression of Bax and downregulated the expression levels of survivin, Bcl-2, cyclin D1, Skp2 and c-Myc in the tumor tissues. These results indicated that CDX2 may serve as a tumor suppressor in gastric cancer, and inhibits gastric cancer cell growth by suppressing the nuclear factor-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyuan Wei
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Surgery, People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Xiaotong Wang
- Department of Surgery, People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Linhai Yan
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Wenlong Cao
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Zexu Zhan
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoshi Zhang
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Han Yu
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Yubo Xie
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Xiao
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
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22
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Osorio AA, López MR, Jiménez IA, Moujir LM, Rodríguez ML, Bazzocchi IL. Elaeodendron orientale as a source of cytotoxic cardenolides. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2014; 105:60-67. [PMID: 25014657 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2014.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2014] [Revised: 06/12/2014] [Accepted: 06/16/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we report six cardiac glycosides (1-6) along with four known ones (7-10) isolated from the leaves and fruits of Elaeodendron orientale. Their stereostructures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis, including 1D and 2D NMR, and the absolute configuration of 1 was determined by X-ray diffraction analysis. The compounds were evaluated for growth inhibitory activity against a panel of human cancer cell lines, HeLa, A-549, MCF-7 and HL-60, and normal Vero cells. Four compounds from this series (5 and 7-9, IC50 values ranging from 0.01 to 0.07μM) exhibited cytotoxicity against three of the cancer cell lines assayed that was similar to or higher than the well-known therapies digoxin and digitoxigenin. Taking into account the narrow safety range of cardiac glycosides used in clinic, this series shows a selectivity index higher than 3 for three of the cancer cell lines assayed, increasing their interest for further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex A Osorio
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González, Departamento de Química Orgánica and Instituto Canario de Investigación del Cáncer, Universidad de La Laguna, Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Manuel R López
- Departamento de Microbiología y Biología Celular, Universidad de La Laguna, Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez s/n, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Ignacio A Jiménez
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González, Departamento de Química Orgánica and Instituto Canario de Investigación del Cáncer, Universidad de La Laguna, Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Laila M Moujir
- Departamento de Microbiología y Biología Celular, Universidad de La Laguna, Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez s/n, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Matías L Rodríguez
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González, Departamento de Química Orgánica and Instituto Canario de Investigación del Cáncer, Universidad de La Laguna, Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Isabel L Bazzocchi
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González, Departamento de Química Orgánica and Instituto Canario de Investigación del Cáncer, Universidad de La Laguna, Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
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Zhu MY, Li W, Lu Y, Cai XM, Dong X, Chen Y, Guo JL, Li MS. Benzyl isothiocyanate induces apoptosis of hepatocarcinoma cells. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2014; 22:2277-2284. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v22.i16.2277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the influence of benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC) on apoptosis of hepatoma carcinoma cell lines HLE and Bel-7402 in vitro, and to explore the possible mechanism involved.
METHODS: After HLE and Bel-7402 cells were treated with an optimal concentration of BITC for 24 h, cell proliferation was tested by MTT assay, the morphology of apoptotic hepatoma cells was observed after DAPI staining, the enzymatic activity of caspase 3 was assayed using Caspase3 Activity Assay Kit, and expression of caspase 8, caspase 3 and cell cycle related protein cyclin D1 were detected by Western blot.
RESULTS: MTT analysis showed that BITC had an obvious inhibitory effect on the proliferation of hepatoma cells. The growth rates of HLE and Bel-7402 cells treated with 40 µmol/L BITC were 71.56% and 78.09% (P < 0.05 vs control groups), respectively, and the growth rates of HLE and Bel-7402 cells treated with 80 µmol/BITC were 32.91% and 53.06% (P < 0.01 vs control groups), respectively. Hepatoma cells treated with BITC tended to showed characteristic morphological changes of apoptosis. BITC treatment elevated the activity of caspase 3 in hepatoma cells, stimulated the expression of caspase 3 and caspase 8, but inhibited cyclin D1 expression.
CONCLUSION: BITC induces apoptosis of hepatoma cells possibly by activating the caspase signal pathway and inhibiting cell cycle progression.
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