1
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van Manen FT, Ebinger MR, Costello CM, Bjornlie DD, Clapp JG, Thompson DJ, Haroldson MA, Frey KL, Hendricks C, Nicholson JM, Gunther KA, Wilmot KR, Cooley HS, Fortin-Noreus JK, Hnilicka P, Tyers DB. Enhancements to population monitoring of Yellowstone grizzly bears. URSUS 2023. [DOI: 10.2192/ursus-d-22-00002.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Frank T. van Manen
- U.S. Geological Survey, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center, Interagency Grizzly Bear Study Team, 2327 University Way, Suite 2, Bozeman, MT 59715, USA
| | - Michael R. Ebinger
- U.S. Geological Survey, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center, Interagency Grizzly Bear Study Team, 2327 University Way, Suite 2, Bozeman, MT 59715, USA
| | | | - Daniel D. Bjornlie
- Wyoming Game and Fish Department, Large Carnivore Section, 260 Buena Vista, Lander, WY 82520, USA
| | - Justin G. Clapp
- Wyoming Game and Fish Department, Large Carnivore Section, 260 Buena Vista, Lander, WY 82520, USA
| | - Daniel J. Thompson
- Wyoming Game and Fish Department, Large Carnivore Section, 260 Buena Vista, Lander, WY 82520, USA
| | - Mark A. Haroldson
- U.S. Geological Survey, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center, Interagency Grizzly Bear Study Team, 2327 University Way, Suite 2, Bozeman, MT 59715, USA
| | - Kevin L. Frey
- Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks, Region 3 Headquarters Office, 1400 S 19th Avenue, Bozeman, MT 59718, USA
| | - Curtis Hendricks
- Idaho Department of Fish and Game, Upper Snake River Region, 4279 Commerce Circle, Idaho Falls, ID 83401, USA
| | - Jeremy M. Nicholson
- Idaho Department of Fish and Game, Upper Snake River Region, 4279 Commerce Circle, Idaho Falls, ID 83401, USA
| | - Kerry A. Gunther
- National Park Service, Yellowstone Center for Resources, Bear Management Office, P.O. Box 168, Yellowstone National Park, WY 82190, USA
| | - Katharine R. Wilmot
- National Park Service, Grand Teton National Park, P.O. Drawer 170, Moose, WY 83012, USA
| | - Hilary S. Cooley
- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Grizzly Bear Recovery Program, University of Montana, 309 University Hall, Missoula, MT 59812, USA
| | - Jennifer K. Fortin-Noreus
- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Grizzly Bear Recovery Program, University of Montana, 309 University Hall, Missoula, MT 59812, USA
| | - Pat Hnilicka
- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Mountain-Prairie Region, Lander Fish and Wildlife Conservation Office, 170 North 1st Street, Lander, WY 82520, USA
| | - Daniel B. Tyers
- U.S. Forest Service, Custer Gallatin National Forest, 10 East Babcock Street, Bozeman, MT 59715, USA
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2
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Tallian A, Ordiz A, Metz MC, Zimmermann B, Wikenros C, Smith DW, Stahler DR, Wabakken P, Swenson JE, Sand H, Kindberg J. Of wolves and bears: Seasonal drivers of interference and exploitation competition between apex predators. ECOL MONOGR 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ecm.1498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aimee Tallian
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research NO‐7485 Trondheim Norway
| | - Andrés Ordiz
- Grimsӧ Wildlife Research Station Department of Ecology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences SE‐739 93 Riddarhyttan Sweden
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management Norwegian University of Life Sciences Postbox 5003, NO‐1432 Ås Norway
- Dpto. de Biodiversidad y Gestión Ambiental Área de Zoología Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales Universidad de León Campus de Vegazana s/n 24071 León Spain
| | - Matthew C. Metz
- Wildlife Biology Program Department of Ecosystem and Conservation Sciences University of Montana Missoula Montana 59812 USA
- Yellowstone Center for Resources Yellowstone National Park Box 168, Mammoth Hot Springs WY 82190 USA
| | - Barbara Zimmermann
- Faculty of Applied Ecology, Agricultural Sciences and Biotechnology Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences Evenstad NO‐2480 Koppang Norway
| | - Camilla Wikenros
- Grimsӧ Wildlife Research Station Department of Ecology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences SE‐739 93 Riddarhyttan Sweden
| | - Douglas W. Smith
- Yellowstone Center for Resources Yellowstone National Park Box 168, Mammoth Hot Springs WY 82190 USA
| | - Daniel R. Stahler
- Yellowstone Center for Resources Yellowstone National Park Box 168, Mammoth Hot Springs WY 82190 USA
| | - Petter Wabakken
- Faculty of Applied Ecology, Agricultural Sciences and Biotechnology Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences Evenstad NO‐2480 Koppang Norway
| | - Jon E. Swenson
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management Norwegian University of Life Sciences Postbox 5003, NO‐1432 Ås Norway
| | - Håkan Sand
- Grimsӧ Wildlife Research Station Department of Ecology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences SE‐739 93 Riddarhyttan Sweden
| | - Jonas Kindberg
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research NO‐7485 Trondheim Norway
- Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Environmental Studies Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences SE‐901 83 Umeå Sweden
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3
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Nesbitt HK, Metcalf AL, Lubeck AA, Metcalf EC, Beckman C, Smith AP, Cummins TM. Collective Factors Reinforce Individual Contributions to Human‐Wildlife Coexistence. J Wildl Manage 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/jwmg.22061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Crystal Beckman
- Montana Department of Natural Resources and Conservation 2705 Spurgin Road Missoula MT 59804 USA
| | - Ada P. Smith
- University of Montana 32 Campus Drive Missoula MT 59812 USA
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4
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Christianson D, Coleman TH, Doan Q, Haroldson MA. Physiological consequences of consuming low-energy foods: herbivory coincides with a stress response in Yellowstone bears. CONSERVATION PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 9:coab029. [PMID: 34345432 PMCID: PMC8325456 DOI: 10.1093/conphys/coab029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Meat, fruit, seeds and other high-energy bear foods are often highly localized and briefly available and understanding which factors influence bear consumption of these foods is a common focus of bear conservation and ecology. However, the most common bear foods, graminoids and forbs, are more widespread but of lower quality. We poorly understand how herbage consumption impacts bear physiology, such as endocrine system function that regulates homeostasis and stress responses. Here, we described bear diets with a novel approach, measuring the concentration of chlorophyll in bear scats (faecal chlorophyll) to index the proportion of the recent diet that was composed of leaves from graminoids and forbs. We measured faecal chlorophyll and faecal cortisol in 351 grizzly (Ursus arctos, n = 255) and black bear (Ursus americanus, n = 96) scats from Yellowstone National Park in 2008-2009. We compared models of faecal chlorophyll and faecal cortisol concentrations considering the effects of spatial, dietary, scat and bear-specific factors including species. Faecal chlorophyll levels were the strongest predictor of faecal cortisol in a manner that suggested an endocrine response to a low-energy diet. Both compounds were highest during the spring and early summer months, overlapping the breeding season when higher energy foods were less available. Effects of scat composition, scat weathering, bear age, bear sex, species and other factors that have previously been shown to influence faecal cortisol in bears were not important unless faecal chlorophyll was excluded from models. The top models of faecal chlorophyll suggested grazing was primarily influenced by spatial attributes, with greater grazing closer to recreational trails, implying that elevated cortisol with grazing could be a response to anthropogenic activity. Our results confirm that higher stress hormone concentrations correspond with lower quality diets in bears, particularly grazing, and that faecal chlorophyll shows promise as a metric for studying grazing behaviour and its consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Christianson
- Department of Ecosystem Science and Management, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA
| | - Tyler H Coleman
- Sequoia-Kings Canyon National Park, National Park Service, 47050 Generals Highway, Three Rivers, CA 93271, USA
| | - Quint Doan
- School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University, 370 Prospect Street, New Haven CT 06511, USA
| | - Mark A Haroldson
- U.S. Geological Survey, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center, Interagency Grizzly Bear Study Team, 2327 University Way, Suite 2, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA
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5
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Gunther KA, Haroldson MA. Potential for recreational restrictions to reduce grizzly bear–caused human injuries. URSUS 2020. [DOI: 10.2192/ursus-d-18-0005.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kerry A. Gunther
- National Park Service, Yellowstone Center for Resources, Bear Management Office, P.O. Box 168, Yellowstone National Park, WY 82190, USA
| | - Mark A. Haroldson
- U.S. Geological Survey, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center, Interagency Grizzly Bear Study Team, 2327 University Way, Suite 2, Bozeman, MT 59178, USA
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6
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van Manen FT, Ebinger MR, Gustine DD, Haroldson MA, Wilmot KR, Whitman CL. Primarily resident grizzly bears respond to late-season elk harvest. URSUS 2019. [DOI: 10.2192/ursus-d-18-00018r2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Frank T. van Manen
- U.S. Geological Survey, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center, Interagency Grizzly Bear Study Team, 2327 University Way, suite #2, Bozeman, MT 59715, USA
| | - Michael R. Ebinger
- U.S. Geological Survey, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center, Interagency Grizzly Bear Study Team, 2327 University Way, suite #2, Bozeman, MT 59715, USA
| | - David D. Gustine
- National Park Service, Grand Teton National Park, P.O. Drawer 170, Moose, WY 83012, USA
| | - Mark A. Haroldson
- U.S. Geological Survey, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center, Interagency Grizzly Bear Study Team, 2327 University Way, suite #2, Bozeman, MT 59715, USA
| | - Katharine R. Wilmot
- National Park Service, Grand Teton National Park, P.O. Drawer 170, Moose, WY 83012, USA
| | - Craig L. Whitman
- U.S. Geological Survey, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center, Interagency Grizzly Bear Study Team, 2327 University Way, suite #2, Bozeman, MT 59715, USA
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7
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Spatio-Temporal Variability in Remotely Sensed Vegetation Greenness Across Yellowstone National Park. REMOTE SENSING 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/rs11070798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The study’s objective was to quantify the responses of vegetation greenness and productivity to climate variability and change across complex topographic, climatic, and ecological gradients in Yellowstone National Park through the use of remotely sensed data. The climate change signal in Yellowstone was pronounced, including substantial warming, an abrupt decline in snowpack, and more frequent droughts. While phenological studies are increasing in Yellowstone, the near absence of long-term and continuous ground-based phenological measurements motivated the study’s application of remotely sensed data to aid in identifying ecological vulnerabilities and guide resource management in light of on ongoing environmental change. Correlation, time-series, and empirical orthogonal function analyses for 1982–2015 focused on Daymet data and vegetation indices (VIs) from the Advanced Very High-Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). The study’s key questions address unique time scales. First, what are the dominant meteorological drivers of variability in vegetation greenness on seasonal to interannual time scales? Key results include: (1) Green-up is the most elevation- and climate-sensitive phenological stage, with La Niña-induced cool, wet conditions or an anomalously deep snowpack delaying the green-up wave. (2) Drought measures were the dominant contributors towards phenological variability, as winter–spring drought corresponded to enhanced April–June greening and spring–summer drought corresponded to reduced August–September greening. Second, how have patterns of productivity changed in response to climate change and disturbances? Key results include: (1) The park predominantly exhibited positive productivity trends, associated with lodgepole pine re-establishment and growth following the 1988 fires. (2) Landscapes which were undisturbed by the 1988 fires showed no apparent sign of warming-induced greening. This study motivates a systematic investigation of remote-sensing data across western parks to identify ecological vulnerabilities and support the development of climate change vulnerability assessments and adaptation strategies.
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8
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Wells SL, McNew LB, Tyers DB, Van Manen FT, Thompson DJ. Grizzly bear depredation on grazing allotments in the Yellowstone Ecosystem. J Wildl Manage 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/jwmg.21618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Smith L. Wells
- Department of Animal and Range SciencesMontana State UniversityP.O. Box 172900BozemanMT59718USA
| | - Lance B. McNew
- Department of Animal and Range SciencesMontana State UniversityP.O. Box 172900BozemanMT59718USA
| | - Daniel B. Tyers
- U.S. Forest ServiceNorthern Rocky Mountain Science Center2327 University Way, Suite 2BozemanMT59715USA
| | - Frank T. Van Manen
- U.S. Geological SurveyNorthern Rocky Mountain Science CenterInteragency Grizzly Bear Study Team2327 University Way, Suite 2BozemanMT59715USA
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9
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Tallian A, Ordiz A, Metz MC, Milleret C, Wikenros C, Smith DW, Stahler DR, Kindberg J, MacNulty DR, Wabakken P, Swenson JE, Sand H. Competition between apex predators? Brown bears decrease wolf kill rate on two continents. Proc Biol Sci 2017; 284:20162368. [PMID: 28179516 PMCID: PMC5310606 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2016.2368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Trophic interactions are a fundamental topic in ecology, but we know little about how competition between apex predators affects predation, the mechanism driving top-down forcing in ecosystems. We used long-term datasets from Scandinavia (Europe) and Yellowstone National Park (North America) to evaluate how grey wolf (Canis lupus) kill rate was affected by a sympatric apex predator, the brown bear (Ursus arctos). We used kill interval (i.e. the number of days between consecutive ungulate kills) as a proxy of kill rate. Although brown bears can monopolize wolf kills, we found no support in either study system for the common assumption that they cause wolves to kill more often. On the contrary, our results showed the opposite effect. In Scandinavia, wolf packs sympatric with brown bears killed less often than allopatric packs during both spring (after bear den emergence) and summer. Similarly, the presence of bears at wolf-killed ungulates was associated with wolves killing less often during summer in Yellowstone. The consistency in results between the two systems suggests that brown bear presence actually reduces wolf kill rate. Our results suggest that the influence of predation on lower trophic levels may depend on the composition of predator communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimee Tallian
- Department of Wildland Resources and Ecology Center, Utah State University, 5230 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322, USA
- Grimsö Wildlife Research Station, Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 730 91 Riddarhyttan, Sweden
| | - Andrés Ordiz
- Grimsö Wildlife Research Station, Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 730 91 Riddarhyttan, Sweden
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Postbox 5003, 1432 Ås, Norway
| | - Matthew C Metz
- Wildlife Biology Program, Department of Ecosystem and Conservation Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, USA
- Yellowstone Center for Resources, Yellowstone National Park, Box 168, Mammoth Hot Springs, WY 82190, USA
| | - Cyril Milleret
- Faculty of Applied Ecology and Agricultural Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Evenstad, 2480 Koppang, Norway
| | - Camilla Wikenros
- Grimsö Wildlife Research Station, Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 730 91 Riddarhyttan, Sweden
| | - Douglas W Smith
- Yellowstone Center for Resources, Yellowstone National Park, Box 168, Mammoth Hot Springs, WY 82190, USA
| | - Daniel R Stahler
- Yellowstone Center for Resources, Yellowstone National Park, Box 168, Mammoth Hot Springs, WY 82190, USA
| | - Jonas Kindberg
- Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Environmental Studies, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 901 83 Umeå, Sweden
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, 7485 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Daniel R MacNulty
- Department of Wildland Resources and Ecology Center, Utah State University, 5230 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322, USA
| | - Petter Wabakken
- Faculty of Applied Ecology and Agricultural Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Evenstad, 2480 Koppang, Norway
| | - Jon E Swenson
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Postbox 5003, 1432 Ås, Norway
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, 7485 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Håkan Sand
- Grimsö Wildlife Research Station, Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 730 91 Riddarhyttan, Sweden
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10
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Yiu SW, Parrini F, Karczmarski L, Keith M. Home range establishment and utilization by reintroduced lions (Panthera leo) in a small South African wildlife reserve. Integr Zool 2016; 12:318-332. [PMID: 27734631 DOI: 10.1111/1749-4877.12243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Understanding of animal spatial behavior is essential for informed management decisions. In southern Africa, reintroduction of lions (Panthera leo) to small reserves (<1000 km2 ) has increased since the early 2000s, however studies on their ranging behavior in these enclosed systems remain lacking. We applied Time Local Convex Hull (T-LoCoH) methods to study the home range establishment and utilization of 11 lions reintroduced to Dinokeng Game Reserve, South Africa, during 2011 through 2014. Lions established home ranges close to their release sites and during the following 3 years their home range sizes continued to increase, but in each individual case the size remained smaller than half of the reserve area (<70 km2 ). Space use strategies differed between the core and the entire home range, with higher frequency of visits found in core areas. Exceptionally high rates (>60 separate visits) around the largest dam and along rivers suggest the importance of water and its surrounding vegetation in the lions' space utilization pattern. The home range size did not differ with season or sex of the individuals, whereas shifts in locations of home ranges revealed differences in the response of the 2 sexes to territorial conflicts and management interventions. Our study shows a dynamic home range utilization pattern and highlights the importance of both fine-scale space use patterns (frequency and duration of visits) and broad-scale home range changes in understanding the ranging behavior of reintroduced animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sze-Wing Yiu
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science, School of Biological Sciences, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Centre for African Ecology, School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Francesca Parrini
- Centre for African Ecology, School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Leszek Karczmarski
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science, School of Biological Sciences, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Centre for Wildlife Management, Department of Animal and Wildlife Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Mark Keith
- Centre for Wildlife Management, Department of Animal and Wildlife Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
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11
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Ebinger MR, Haroldson MA, van Manen FT, Costello CM, Bjornlie DD, Thompson DJ, Gunther KA, Fortin JK, Teisberg JE, Pils SR, White PJ, Cain SL, Cross PC. Detecting grizzly bear use of ungulate carcasses using global positioning system telemetry and activity data. Oecologia 2016; 181:695-708. [PMID: 26971522 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-016-3594-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Global positioning system (GPS) wildlife collars have revolutionized wildlife research. Studies of predation by free-ranging carnivores have particularly benefited from the application of location clustering algorithms to determine when and where predation events occur. These studies have changed our understanding of large carnivore behavior, but the gains have concentrated on obligate carnivores. Facultative carnivores, such as grizzly/brown bears (Ursus arctos), exhibit a variety of behaviors that can lead to the formation of GPS clusters. We combined clustering techniques with field site investigations of grizzly bear GPS locations (n = 732 site investigations; 2004-2011) to produce 174 GPS clusters where documented behavior was partitioned into five classes (large-biomass carcass, small-biomass carcass, old carcass, non-carcass activity, and resting). We used multinomial logistic regression to predict the probability of clusters belonging to each class. Two cross-validation methods-leaving out individual clusters, or leaving out individual bears-showed that correct prediction of bear visitation to large-biomass carcasses was 78-88 %, whereas the false-positive rate was 18-24 %. As a case study, we applied our predictive model to a GPS data set of 266 bear-years in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem (2002-2011) and examined trends in carcass visitation during fall hyperphagia (September-October). We identified 1997 spatial GPS clusters, of which 347 were predicted to be large-biomass carcasses. We used the clustered data to develop a carcass visitation index, which varied annually, but more than doubled during the study period. Our study demonstrates the effectiveness and utility of identifying GPS clusters associated with carcass visitation by a facultative carnivore.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R Ebinger
- College of Forestry and Conservation, University of Montana, University Hall, Room 309, Missoula, MT, 59812, USA. .,Interagency Grizzly Bear Study Team, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center, US Geological Survey, 2327 University Way, Suite 2, Bozeman, MT, 59715, USA. .,Department of Ecology, Montana State University, P.O. Box 173460, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA.
| | - Mark A Haroldson
- Interagency Grizzly Bear Study Team, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center, US Geological Survey, 2327 University Way, Suite 2, Bozeman, MT, 59715, USA
| | - Frank T van Manen
- Interagency Grizzly Bear Study Team, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center, US Geological Survey, 2327 University Way, Suite 2, Bozeman, MT, 59715, USA
| | - Cecily M Costello
- College of Forestry and Conservation, University of Montana, University Hall, Room 309, Missoula, MT, 59812, USA.,Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks, 490 N. Meridian Road, Kalispell, MT, 59901, USA
| | - Daniel D Bjornlie
- Large Carnivore Section, Wyoming Game and Fish Department, 260 Buena Vista, Lander, WY, 82520, USA
| | - Daniel J Thompson
- Large Carnivore Section, Wyoming Game and Fish Department, 260 Buena Vista, Lander, WY, 82520, USA
| | - Kerry A Gunther
- Bear Management Office, Yellowstone Center for Resources, Yellowstone National Park, P.O. Box 168, Yellowstone National Park, WY, 82190, USA
| | - Jennifer K Fortin
- College of Forestry and Conservation, University of Montana, University Hall, Room 309, Missoula, MT, 59812, USA.,School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, P.O. Box 644236, Pullman, WA, 99164-4236, USA
| | - Justin E Teisberg
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, P.O. Box 644236, Pullman, WA, 99164-4236, USA.,Grizzly Bear Recovery Program, US Fish and Wildlife Service, 385 Fish Hatchery Road, Libby, MT, 59923, USA
| | - Shannon R Pils
- Interagency Grizzly Bear Study Team, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center, US Geological Survey, 2327 University Way, Suite 2, Bozeman, MT, 59715, USA.,Shoshone National Forest, US Forest Service, Wapiti Ranger District, 203A Yellowstone Avenue, Cody, WY, 82414, USA
| | - P J White
- National Park Service, Yellowstone Center for Resources, Yellowstone National Park, P.O. Box 168, Yellowstone National Park, WY, 82190, USA
| | - Steven L Cain
- Grand Teton National Park, P.O. Box 170, Moose, WY, 83012, USA.,Grand Teton National Park Foundation, P.O. Box 249, Moose, WY, 83012, USA
| | - Paul C Cross
- Interagency Grizzly Bear Study Team, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center, US Geological Survey, 2327 University Way, Suite 2, Bozeman, MT, 59715, USA
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12
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Bizri HRE, Araújo LWDS, Araújo WDS, Maranhão L, Valsecchi J. Turning the game around for conservation: using traditional hunting knowledge to improve the capture efficiency of Amazon lowland pacas. WILDLIFE BIOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.2981/wlb.00127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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13
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Wiebe PA, Thompson ID, McKague CI, Fryxell JM, Baker JA. Fine-scale winter resource selection by American martens in boreal forests and the effect of snow depth on access to coarse woody debris. ECOSCIENCE 2015. [DOI: 10.2980/21-2-3687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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14
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Sorensen A, Stenhouse G, Bourbonnais M, Nelson T. Effects of habitat quality and anthropogenic disturbance on grizzly bear (Ursus arctos horribilis) home-range fidelity. CAN J ZOOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1139/cjz-2015-0095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In the Rocky Mountain eastern slopes of Alberta, Canada, grizzly bears (Ursus arctos horribilis Ord, 1815) live in a landscape heavily impacted by industrial development and human disturbance. We characterized the role of changing habitat quality and new disturbance features on patterns of grizzly bear seasonal home-range fidelity and drift by comparing consecutive-year seasonal home ranges. We relied on the geographic technique “spatial–temporal analysis of moving polygons” (STAMP) to examine changes in habitat quality and new development between zones of home-range fidelity, expansion, and contraction. Areas considered to be high-quality habitat were selected at a greater frequency than available and retained in zones of home-range fidelity, but also vacated during home-range contraction. Areas of decreasing habitat quality were equally present in zones of contraction, expansion, and stability. The proportion of new forest harvest areas and roads developed within the past year did not differ between zones of home-range change, but the proportion of new well sites was higher in contraction zones than in stability zones. Our results showed that while considerable drift occurs, changes in habitat quality and recent anthropogenic disturbances cannot account for annual variation in home ranges, suggesting other important factors influencing behaviour and movement.
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Affiliation(s)
- A.A. Sorensen
- Foothills Research Institute, Grizzly Bear Program, 1176 Switzer Drive, Hinton, AB T7V 1V3, Canada
| | - G.B. Stenhouse
- Foothills Research Institute, Grizzly Bear Program, 1176 Switzer Drive, Hinton, AB T7V 1V3, Canada
| | - M.L. Bourbonnais
- Spatial Pattern Analysis and Research Laboratory, Department of Geography, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3R4, Canada
| | - T.A. Nelson
- Spatial Pattern Analysis and Research Laboratory, Department of Geography, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3R4, Canada
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15
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Kamath PL, Haroldson MA, Luikart G, Paetkau D, Whitman C, Manen FT. Multiple estimates of effective population size for monitoring a long‐lived vertebrate: an application to
Y
ellowstone grizzly bears. Mol Ecol 2015; 24:5507-21. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.13398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Revised: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pauline L. Kamath
- U.S. Geological Survey Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center 2327 University Way, Suite 2 Bozeman MT 59715 USA
| | - Mark A. Haroldson
- U.S. Geological Survey Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center 2327 University Way, Suite 2 Bozeman MT 59715 USA
| | - Gordon Luikart
- Flathead Lake Biological Station Fish and Wildlife Genomics Group Division of Biological Sciences University of Montana Missoula MT 59812 USA
| | - David Paetkau
- Wildlife Genetics International Box 274 Nelson British Columbia V1L 5P9 Canada
| | - Craig Whitman
- U.S. Geological Survey Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center 2327 University Way, Suite 2 Bozeman MT 59715 USA
| | - Frank T. Manen
- U.S. Geological Survey Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center 2327 University Way, Suite 2 Bozeman MT 59715 USA
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van Manen FT, Haroldson MA, Bjornlie DD, Ebinger MR, Thompson DJ, Costello CM, White GC. Density dependence, whitebark pine, and vital rates of grizzly bears. J Wildl Manage 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/jwmg.1005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Frank T. van Manen
- U.S. Geological SurveyNorthern Rocky Mountain Science Center, Interagency Grizzly Bear Study Team2327 University Way, Suite 2BozemanMT59715USA
| | - Mark A. Haroldson
- U.S. Geological SurveyNorthern Rocky Mountain Science Center, Interagency Grizzly Bear Study Team2327 University Way, Suite 2BozemanMT59715USA
| | | | - Michael R. Ebinger
- College of Forestry and ConservationUniversity MontanaUniversity Hall, Room 309MissoulaMT59812USA
| | | | - Cecily M. Costello
- College of Forestry and ConservationUniversity MontanaUniversity Hall, Room 309MissoulaMT59812USA
| | - Gary C. White
- Department of Fish, Wildlife, and Conservation BiologyColorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO80523USA
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Foley AM, Cross PC, Christianson DA, Scurlock BM, Creel S. Influences of supplemental feeding on winter elk calf:cow ratios in the southern Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem. J Wildl Manage 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/jwmg.908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron M. Foley
- Department of Ecology; Montana State University; 302 Lewis Hall Bozeman MT 59717 USA
| | - Paul C. Cross
- U.S. Geological Survey; Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center; 2327 University Way, Suite 2 Bozeman MT 59715 USA
| | - David A. Christianson
- Institute of the Environment; University of Arizona; 325 Biological Sciences East Tucson AZ 85721 USA
| | | | - Scott Creel
- Department of Ecology; Montana State University; 302 Lewis Hall Bozeman MT 59717 USA
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Barber-Meyer SM. Trophic cascades from wolves to grizzly bears or changing abundance of bears and alternate foods? J Anim Ecol 2015; 84:647-651. [PMID: 25732302 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.12338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Accepted: 09/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This is a Forum article commenting on: Ripple, W. J., Beschta, R. L., Fortin, J. K., & Robbins, C. T. (2014) Trophic cascades from wolves to grizzly bears in Yellowstone. Journal of Animal Ecology, 83, 223-233. Comparisons Ripple et al. (2014) used to demonstrate increased fruit availability and consumption by grizzly bears post-wolf reintroduction are flawed and tenuous at best. Importantly, a more parsimonious (than trophic cascades) hypothesis, not sufficiently considered by Ripple et al., exists and is better supported by available data I review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon M Barber-Meyer
- U.S. Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center, 8711 - 37th St., SE, Jamestown, ND, 58401-7317, USA
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