1
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Mu W, Zhi Y, Zhou J, Wang C, Chai K, Fan Z, Lv G. Endoplasmic reticulum stress and quality control in relation to cisplatin resistance in tumor cells. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1419468. [PMID: 38948460 PMCID: PMC11211601 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1419468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a crucial organelle that orchestrates key cellular functions like protein folding and lipid biosynthesis. However, it is highly sensitive to disturbances that lead to ER stress. In response, the unfolded protein response (UPR) activates to restore ER homeostasis, primarily through three sensors: IRE1, ATF6, and PERK. ERAD and autophagy are crucial in mitigating ER stress, yet their dysregulation can lead to the accumulation of misfolded proteins. Cisplatin, a commonly used chemotherapy drug, induces ER stress in tumor cells, activating complex signaling pathways. Resistance to cisplatin stems from reduced drug accumulation, activation of DNA repair, and anti-apoptotic mechanisms. Notably, cisplatin-induced ER stress can dualistically affect tumor cells, promoting either survival or apoptosis, depending on the context. ERAD is crucial for degrading misfolded proteins, whereas autophagy can protect cells from apoptosis or enhance ER stress-induced apoptosis. The complex interaction between ER stress, cisplatin resistance, ERAD, and autophagy opens new avenues for cancer treatment. Understanding these processes could lead to innovative strategies that overcome chemoresistance, potentially improving outcomes of cisplatin-based cancer treatments. This comprehensive review provides a multifaceted perspective on the complex mechanisms of ER stress, cisplatin resistance, and their implications in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Zhongqi Fan
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Guoyue Lv
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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2
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Burton C, Bitaraf A, Snyder K, Zhang C, Yoder SJ, Avram D, Du D, Yu X, Lau EK. The functional role of L-fucose on dendritic cell function and polarization. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1353570. [PMID: 38646527 PMCID: PMC11026564 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1353570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite significant advances in the development and refinement of immunotherapies administered to combat cancer over the past decades, a number of barriers continue to limit their efficacy. One significant clinical barrier is the inability to mount initial immune responses towards the tumor. As dendritic cells are central initiators of immune responses in the body, the elucidation of mechanisms that can be therapeutically leveraged to enhance their functions to drive anti-tumor immune responses is urgently needed. Here, we report that the dietary sugar L-fucose can be used to enhance the immunostimulatory activity of dendritic cells (DCs). L-fucose polarizes immature myeloid cells towards specific DC subsets, specifically cDC1 and moDC subsets. In vitro, L-fucose treatment enhances antigen uptake and processing of DCs. Furthermore, our data suggests that L-fucose-treated DCs increase stimulation of T cell populations. Consistent with our functional assays, single-cell RNA sequencing of intratumoral DCs from melanoma- and breast tumor-bearing mice confirmed transcriptional regulation and antigen processing as pathways that are significantly altered by dietary L-fucose. Together, this study provides the first evidence of the ability of L-fucose to bolster DC functionality and provides rational to further investigate how L-fucose can be used to leverage DC function in order to enhance current immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chase Burton
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
- Cancer Biology Ph.D. Program, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
- Immunology Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Amirreza Bitaraf
- Cancer Biology Ph.D. Program, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
- Molecular Medicine Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
- Department of Tumor Microenvironment and Metastasis, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Kara Snyder
- Molecular Medicine Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
- Department of Tumor Microenvironment and Metastasis, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Chaomei Zhang
- Molecular Genomics Core, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Sean J. Yoder
- Molecular Genomics Core, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Dorina Avram
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
- Immunology Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Dongliang Du
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Xiaoqing Yu
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Eric K. Lau
- Molecular Medicine Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
- Department of Tumor Microenvironment and Metastasis, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
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3
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Tondeur EG, Voerman JS, Geleijnse MA, van Hofwegen LS, van Krimpen A, Koerner J, Mishra G, Song Z, Schliehe C. Sec22b and Stx4 Depletion Has No Major Effect on Cross-Presentation of PLGA Microsphere-Encapsulated Antigen and a Synthetic Long Peptide In Vitro. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2023; 211:1203-1215. [PMID: 37638825 PMCID: PMC10592162 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2200473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
The induction of CTL responses by vaccines is important to combat infectious diseases and cancer. Biodegradable poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres and synthetic long peptides are efficiently internalized by professional APCs and prime CTL responses after cross-presentation of Ags on MHC class I molecules. Specifically, they mainly use the cytosolic pathway of cross-presentation that requires endosomal escape, proteasomal processing, and subsequent MHC class I loading of Ags in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and/or the endosome. The vesicle SNARE protein Sec22b has been described as important for this pathway by mediating vesical trafficking for the delivery of ER-derived proteins to the endosome. As this function has also been challenged, we investigated the role of Sec22b in cross-presentation of the PLGA microsphere-encapsulated model Ag OVA and a related synthetic long peptide. Using CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing, we generated Sec22b knockouts in two murine C57BL/6-derived APC lines and found no evidence for an essential role of Sec22b. Although pending experimental evidence, the target SNARE protein syntaxin 4 (Stx4) has been suggested to promote cross-presentation by interacting with Sec22b for the fusion of ER-derived vesicles with the endosome. In the current study, we show that, similar to Sec22b, Stx4 knockout in murine APCs had very limited effects on cross-presentation under the conditions tested. This study contributes to characterizing cross-presentation of two promising Ag delivery systems and adds to the discussion about the role of Sec22b/Stx4 in related pathways. Our data point toward SNARE protein redundancy in the cytosolic pathway of cross-presentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma G.M. Tondeur
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jane S.A. Voerman
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mitchell A.A. Geleijnse
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Laure S. van Hofwegen
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anneloes van Krimpen
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Julia Koerner
- Division of Immunology, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Gunja Mishra
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ziye Song
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Christopher Schliehe
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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4
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Mamrosh JL, Sherman DJ, Cohen JR, Johnston JA, Joubert MK, Li J, Lipford JR, Lomenick B, Moradian A, Prabhu S, Sweredoski MJ, Vander Lugt B, Verma R, Deshaies RJ. Quantitative measurement of the requirement of diverse protein degradation pathways in MHC class I peptide presentation. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eade7890. [PMID: 37352349 PMCID: PMC10289651 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.ade7890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
Peptides from degradation of intracellular proteins are continuously displayed by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I. To better understand origins of these peptides, we performed a comprehensive census of the class I peptide repertoire in the presence and absence of ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) activity upon developing optimized methodology to enrich for and quantify these peptides. Whereas most class I peptides are dependent on the UPS for their generation, a surprising 30%, enriched in peptides of mitochondrial origin, appears independent of the UPS. A further ~10% of peptides were found to be dependent on the proteasome but independent of ubiquitination for their generation. Notably, clinically achievable partial inhibition of the proteasome resulted in display of atypical peptides. Our results suggest that generation of MHC class I•peptide complexes is more complex than previously recognized, with UPS-dependent and UPS-independent components; paradoxically, alternative protein degradation pathways also generate class I peptides when canonical pathways are impaired.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L. Mamrosh
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- Amgen Research, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320, USA
| | - David J. Sherman
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- Amgen Research, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320, USA
| | - Joseph R. Cohen
- Process Development, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA 91320, USA
| | | | | | - Jing Li
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- Amgen Research, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320, USA
| | | | - Brett Lomenick
- Proteome Exploration Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Annie Moradian
- Proteome Exploration Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | | | - Michael J. Sweredoski
- Proteome Exploration Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | | | - Rati Verma
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- Amgen Research, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320, USA
| | - Raymond J. Deshaies
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- Amgen Research, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320, USA
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5
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Mott D, Yang J, Baer C, Papavinasasundaram K, Sassetti CM, Behar SM. High Bacillary Burden and the ESX-1 Type VII Secretion System Promote MHC Class I Presentation by Mycobacterium tuberculosis-Infected Macrophages to CD8 T Cells. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2023; 210:1531-1542. [PMID: 37000471 PMCID: PMC10159937 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2300001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
We used a mouse model to study how Mycobacterium tuberculosis subverts host defenses to persist in macrophages despite immune pressure. CD4 T cells can recognize macrophages infected with a single bacillus in vitro. Under identical conditions, CD8 T cells inefficiently recognize infected macrophages and fail to restrict M. tuberculosis growth, although they can inhibit M. tuberculosis growth during high-burden intracellular infection. We show that high intracellular M. tuberculosis numbers cause macrophage death, leading other macrophages to scavenge cellular debris and cross-present the TB10.4 Ag to CD8 T cells. Presentation by infected macrophages requires M. tuberculosis to have a functional ESX-1 type VII secretion system. These data indicate that phagosomal membrane damage and cell death promote MHC class I presentation of the immunodominant Ag TB10.4 by macrophages. Although this mode of Ag presentation stimulates cytokine production that we presume would be host beneficial, killing of uninfected cells could worsen immunopathology. We suggest that shifting the focus of CD8 T cell recognition to uninfected macrophages would limit the interaction of CD8 T cells with infected macrophages and impair CD8 T cell-mediated resolution of tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Mott
- Immunology and Microbiology Program, Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jason Yang
- Immunology and Microbiology Program, Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Christina Baer
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kadamba Papavinasasundaram
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Christopher M. Sassetti
- Immunology and Microbiology Program, Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Samuel M. Behar
- Immunology and Microbiology Program, Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
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6
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Yang SF, Weng MT, Liang JD, Chiou LL, Hsu YC, Lee YT, Liu SY, Wu MC, Chou HC, Wang LF, Yu SH, Lee HS, Sheu JC. Neoantigen vaccination augments antitumor effects of anti-PD-1 on mouse hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Lett 2023; 563:216192. [PMID: 37088327 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors are groundbreaking resources for cancer therapy. However, only a few patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have shown positive responses to anti-PD-1 therapy. Neoantigens are sequence-altered proteins resulting from somatic mutations in cancer. This study identified the neoantigens of Hep-55.1C and Dt81 Hepa1-6 HCCs by comparing their whole exome sequences with those of a normal C57BL/6 mouse liver. Immunogenic long peptides were pooled as peptide vaccines. The vaccination elicited tumor-reactive immune responses in C57BL/6 mice, as demonstrated by IFN-γ ELISPOT and an in vitro killing assay of splenocytes. In the treatment of three mouse HCC models, combined neoantigen vaccination and anti-PD-1 resulted in more significant tumor regression than monotherapies. Flow cytometry of the tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes showed decreased Treg cells and monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells, increased CD8+ T cells, enhanced granzyme B expression, and reduced exhaustion-related markers PD-1 and Lag-3 on CD8+ T cells in the combination group. These findings provide a strong rationale for conducting clinical studies of using neoantigen vaccination in combination with anti-PD-1 to treat patients with HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Feng Yang
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Meng-Tzu Weng
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsinchu, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Ja-Der Liang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Ling-Ling Chiou
- Liver Disease Prevention & Treatment Research Foundation, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Chen Hsu
- Liver Disease Prevention & Treatment Research Foundation, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Ying-Te Lee
- Liver Disease Prevention & Treatment Research Foundation, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Shin-Yun Liu
- Liver Disease Prevention & Treatment Research Foundation, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Meng-Chuan Wu
- Liver Disease Prevention & Treatment Research Foundation, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Huei-Chi Chou
- Liver Disease Prevention & Treatment Research Foundation, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Li-Fang Wang
- Liver Disease Prevention & Treatment Research Foundation, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Shu-Han Yu
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Hsuan-Shu Lee
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Liver Disease Prevention & Treatment Research Foundation, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Jin-Chuan Sheu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Liver Disease Prevention & Treatment Research Foundation, Taipei, Taiwan.
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7
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Cruz FM, Chan A, Rock KL. Pathways of MHC I cross-presentation of exogenous antigens. Semin Immunol 2023; 66:101729. [PMID: 36804685 PMCID: PMC10023513 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2023.101729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Phagocytes, particularly dendritic cells (DCs), generate peptide-major histocompatibility complex (MHC) I complexes from antigens they have collected from cells in tissues and report this information to CD8 T cells in a process called cross-presentation. This process allows CD8 T cells to detect, respond and eliminate abnormal cells, such as cancers or cells infected with viruses or intracellular microbes. In some settings, cross-presentation can help tolerize CD8 T cells to self-antigens. One of the principal ways that DCs acquire tissue antigens is by ingesting this material through phagocytosis. The resulting phagosomes are key hubs in the cross-presentation (XPT) process and in fact experimentally conferring the ability to phagocytize antigens can be sufficient to allow non-professional antigen presenting cells (APCs) to cross-present. Once in phagosomes, exogenous antigens can be cross-presented (XPTed) through three distinct pathways. There is a vacuolar pathway in which peptides are generated and then bind to MHC I molecules within the confines of the vacuole. Ingested exogenous antigens can also be exported from phagosomes to the cytosol upon vesicular rupture and/or possibly transport. Once in the cytosol, the antigen is degraded by the proteasome and the resulting oligopeptides can be transported to MHC I molecule in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) (a phagosome-to-cytosol (P2C) pathway) or in phagosomes (a phagosome-to-cytosol-to-phagosome (P2C2P) pathway). Here we review how phagosomes acquire the necessary molecular components that support these three mechanisms and the contribution of these pathways. We describe what is known as well as the gaps in our understanding of these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Freidrich M Cruz
- Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Amanda Chan
- Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Kenneth L Rock
- Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
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8
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Davodabadi F, Sarhadi M, Arabpour J, Sargazi S, Rahdar A, Díez-Pascual AM. Breast cancer vaccines: New insights into immunomodulatory and nano-therapeutic approaches. J Control Release 2022; 349:844-875. [PMID: 35908621 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is known to be a highly heterogeneous disease that is clinically subdivided into four primary molecular subtypes, each having distinct morphology and clinical implications. These subtypes are principally defined by hormone receptors and other proteins involved (or not involved) in BC development. BC therapeutic vaccines [including peptide-based vaccines, protein-based vaccines, nucleic acid-based vaccines (DNA/RNA vaccines), bacterial/viral-based vaccines, and different immune cell-based vaccines] have emerged as an appealing class of cancer immunotherapeutics when used alone or combined with other immunotherapies. Employing the immune system to eliminate BC cells is a novel therapeutic modality. The benefit of active immunotherapies is that they develop protection against neoplastic tissue and readjust the immune system to an anti-tumor monitoring state. Such immunovaccines have not yet shown effectiveness for BC treatment in clinical trials. In recent years, nanomedicines have opened new windows to increase the effectiveness of vaccinations to treat BC. In this context, some nanoplatforms have been designed to efficiently deliver molecular, cellular, or subcellular vaccines to BC cells, increasing the efficacy and persistence of anti-tumor immunity while minimizing undesirable side effects. Immunostimulatory nano-adjuvants, liposomal-based vaccines, polymeric vaccines, virus-like particles, lipid/calcium/phosphate nanoparticles, chitosan-derived nanostructures, porous silicon microparticles, and selenium nanoparticles are among the newly designed nanostructures that have been used to facilitate antigen internalization and presentation by antigen-presenting cells, increase antigen stability, enhance vaccine antigenicity and remedial effectivity, promote antigen escape from the endosome, improve cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses, and produce humoral immune responses in BC cells. Here, we summarized the existing subtypes of BC and shed light on immunomodulatory and nano-therapeutic strategies for BC vaccination. Finally, we reviewed ongoing clinical trials on BC vaccination and highlighted near-term opportunities for moving forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Davodabadi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Science, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sarhadi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute of Cellular and Molecular Sciences in Infectious Diseases, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan 9816743463, Iran
| | - Javad Arabpour
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saman Sargazi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute of Cellular and Molecular Sciences in Infectious Diseases, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan 9816743463, Iran.
| | - Abbas Rahdar
- Department of Physics, University of Zabol, Zabol 98613-35856, Iran.
| | - Ana M Díez-Pascual
- Universidad de Alcalá, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona, Km. 33.6, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
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9
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Possamaï D, Hanafi LA, Bellemare-Pelletier A, Hamelin K, Thébault P, Hébert MJ, Gagnon É, Leclerc D, Lapointe R. MHC class I antigen cross-presentation mediated by PapMV nanoparticles in human antigen-presenting cells is dependent on autophagy. PLoS One 2022; 16:e0261987. [PMID: 34972158 PMCID: PMC8719699 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles made of the coat protein of papaya mosaic virus (PapMV) and a single-strand RNA were previously shown to be an efficient antigen presentation system for the trigger of cellular immunity. Engineering of PapMV nano with a cytotoxic T lymphocyte epitope was previously shown activating specific T lymphocytes through a proteasome-independent major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) cross-presentation. In this study, we provide new insights into the mechanism of the MHC-I cross-presentation mediated by PapMV nanoparticles. We demonstrate that PapMV nanoparticles do not require the transporter associated with antigen presentation (TAP), but rather depend on lysosome acidification and cathepsin S protease activity for presentation of the T cell epitope. We have also linked the induction of autophagy with this vacuolar MHC-I cross-presentation process. Interestingly, autophagy is induced in antigen-presenting cells after PapMV nanoparticles exposure and inhibition of autophagy reduce MHC-I cross-presentation. This study demonstrates that autophagy is associated with TAP- and proteasome-independent MHC-I cross-presentation. A deeper understanding of the autophagy-dependent MHC-I cross-presentation will be useful in designing vaccination platforms that aim to trigger an efficient cytotoxic T lymphocyte response.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Possamaï
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Laïla-Aïcha Hanafi
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Angélique Bellemare-Pelletier
- Institut de Recherche en Immunologie et Cancérologie, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Katia Hamelin
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Paméla Thébault
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Marie-Josée Hébert
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Étienne Gagnon
- Institut de Recherche en Immunologie et Cancérologie, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Denis Leclerc
- Centre de recherche en infectiologie, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec, Québec, Québec, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Réjean Lapointe
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Département de Médecine, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- * E-mail:
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10
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Rivero-Hinojosa S, Grant M, Panigrahi A, Zhang H, Caisova V, Bollard CM, Rood BR. Proteogenomic discovery of neoantigens facilitates personalized multi-antigen targeted T cell immunotherapy for brain tumors. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6689. [PMID: 34795224 PMCID: PMC8602676 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26936-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Neoantigen discovery in pediatric brain tumors is hampered by their low mutational burden and scant tissue availability. Here we develop a proteogenomic approach combining tumor DNA/RNA sequencing and mass spectrometry proteomics to identify tumor-restricted (neoantigen) peptides arising from multiple genomic aberrations to generate a highly target-specific, autologous, personalized T cell immunotherapy. Our data indicate that aberrant splice junctions are the primary source of neoantigens in medulloblastoma, a common pediatric brain tumor. Proteogenomically identified tumor-specific peptides are immunogenic and generate MHC II-based T cell responses. Moreover, polyclonal and polyfunctional T cells specific for tumor-specific peptides effectively eliminate tumor cells in vitro. Targeting tumor-specific antigens obviates the issue of central immune tolerance while potentially providing a safety margin favoring combination with other immune-activating therapies. These findings demonstrate the proteogenomic discovery of immunogenic tumor-specific peptides and lay the groundwork for personalized targeted T cell therapies for children with brain tumors. Targeting tumor-associated antigens in paediatric medulloblastomas (MB) is challenging due to their low mutational burden. Here, the authors develop a sensitive proteogenomic approach to identify tumour specific neoantigens, which may enable personalised T cell immunotherapy in paediatric MB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Rivero-Hinojosa
- Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children's National Research Institute, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Melanie Grant
- Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children's National Research Institute, Washington, DC, USA.,Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Aswini Panigrahi
- Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children's National Research Institute, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Huizhen Zhang
- Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children's National Research Institute, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Veronika Caisova
- Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children's National Research Institute, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Catherine M Bollard
- Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children's National Research Institute, Washington, DC, USA.,George Washington University Cancer Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Brian R Rood
- Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children's National Research Institute, Washington, DC, USA. .,George Washington University Cancer Center, Washington, DC, USA.
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11
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Lu Y, Shi Y, You J. Strategy and clinical application of up-regulating cross presentation by DCs in anti-tumor therapy. J Control Release 2021; 341:184-205. [PMID: 34774890 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The cross presentation of exogenous antigen (Ag) by dendritic cells (DCs) facilitates a diversified mode of T-cell activation, orchestrates specific humoral and cellular immunity, and contributes to an efficient anti-tumor immune response. DCs-mediated cross presentation is subject to both intrinsic and extrinsic factors, including the homing and phenotype of DCs, the spatiotemporal trafficking and degradation kinetics of Ag, and multiple microenvironmental clues, with many details largely unexplored. Here, we systemically review the current mechanistic understanding and regulation strategies of cross presentation by heterogeneous DC populations. We also provide insights into the future exploitation of DCs cross presentation for a better clinical efficacy in anti-tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichao Lu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Yingying Shi
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Jian You
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.
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12
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Virus-Induced CD8 + T-Cell Immunity and Its Exploitation to Contain the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9080922. [PMID: 34452047 PMCID: PMC8402519 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9080922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The current battle against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)-Coronavirus-2 benefits from the worldwide distribution of different vaccine formulations. All anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in use are conceived to induce anti-Spike neutralizing antibodies. However, this strategy still has unresolved issues, the most relevant of which are: (i) the resistance to neutralizing antibodies of emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants and (ii) the waning of neutralizing antibodies. On the other hand, both pre-clinical evidence and clinical evidence support the idea that the immunity sustained by antigen-specific CD8+ T lymphocytes can complement and also surrogate the antiviral humoral immunity. As a distinctive feature, anti-SARS-CoV-2 CD8+ T-driven immunity maintains its efficacy even in the presence of viral protein mutations. In addition, on the basis of data obtained in survivors of the SARS-CoV epidemic, this immunity is expected to last for several years. In this review, both the mechanisms and role of CD8+ T-cell immunity in viral infections, particularly those induced by SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2, are analyzed. Moreover, a CD8+ T-cell-based vaccine platform relying on in vivo engineered extracellular vesicles is described. When applied to SARS-CoV-2, this strategy was proven to induce a strong immunogenicity, holding great promise for its translation into the clinic.
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13
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Ebrahimi N, Akbari M, Ghanaatian M, Roozbahani Moghaddam P, Adelian S, Borjian Boroujeni M, Yazdani E, Ahmadi A, Hamblin MR. Development of neoantigens: from identification in cancer cells to application in cancer vaccines. Expert Rev Vaccines 2021; 21:941-955. [PMID: 34196590 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2021.1951246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: The discovery of neoantigens as mutated proteins specifically expressed in tumor cells but not in normal cells has led to improved cancer vaccines. Targeting neoantigens can induce anti-tumor T-cell responses to destroy tumors without damaging healthy cells. Extensive advances in genome sequencing technology and bioinformatics analysis have made it possible to discover and design effective neoantigens for use in therapeutic cancer vaccines. Neoantigens-based therapeutic personalized vaccines have shown promising results in cancer immunotherapy.Areas covered: We discuss the types of cancer neoantigens that can be recognized by the immune system in this review. We also summarize the detection, identification, and design of neoantigens and their appliction in developing cancer vaccines. Finally, clinical trials of neoantigen-based vaccines, their advantages, and their limitations are reviewed. From 2015 to 2020, the authors conducted a literature search of controlled randomized trials and laboratory investigations that that focused on neoantigens, their use in the design of various types of cancer vaccines.Expert opinion: Neoantigens are cancer cell-specific antigens, which their expression leads to the immune stimulation against tumor cells. The identification and delivery of specific neoantigens to antigen-presenting cells (APCs) with the help of anti-cancer vaccines promise novel and more effective cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasim Ebrahimi
- Division of Genetics, Department Cell, and Molecular Biology & Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Maryam Akbari
- Department of Immunology, Asthma and Allergy Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Ghanaatian
- Department of Microbiology, Islamic Azad University of Jahrom, Fars, Iran
| | | | - Samaneh Adelian
- Department of Genetics, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | | | - Elnaz Yazdani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University Of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Ahmadi
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Nano and Bio Science and Technology, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, South Africa
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14
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Branched Multipeptide-combined Adjuvants Potentially Improve the Antitumor Effects on Glioblastoma. J Immunother 2021; 44:151-161. [PMID: 33512855 DOI: 10.1097/cji.0000000000000359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The promising immunotherapy effects of a multiple antigenic peptide on glioblastoma (GBM) in a previous study encourage the use of adjuvants to enhance its therapeutic efficacy. Among adjuvants, pan HLA-DR-binding epitope (PADRE) and anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (anti-PD1) have potentially been tested for cancer immunotherapy. Therefore, here we evaluated the ability of PADRE and anti-PD1 to enhance the function of the branched multipeptide against GBM. The potential utility of tumor-associated antigens (ErbB-2 and WT-1) targeting GBM with HLA-A24 was confirmed and a branched multipeptide was constructed from these antigens. The effects of the branched multipeptide and PADRE on immunophenotyping and polarized Th cytokine production in dendritic cells were clarified. The expression of PD1 on T cells and PDL1 on GBM cells was also investigated. The interferon-γ enzyme-linked immunospot and lactate dehydrogenase release assays were performed to determine the function of GBM peptide antigen-specific cytotoxic T cells against GBM cells. Overall, this study showed that both ErbB-2 and WT-1 are potential candidates for branched multipeptide construction. The branched multipeptide and PADRE enhanced the expression of major histocompatibility complex and co-stimulatory molecules and the production of polarized Th1 cytokines in dendritic cells. The increase in the number of interferon-γ+ effector T cells was consistent with the increase in the percentage specific lysis of GBM target cells by GBM peptide antigen-specific cytotoxic T cells in the presence of the branched multipeptide, PADRE, and anti-PD1. Our study suggests the combination of branched multipeptide and adjuvants such as PADRE and anti-PD1 can potentially enhance the effects of immunotherapy for GBM treatment.
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15
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Beijnen EMS, van Haren SD. Vaccine-Induced CD8 + T Cell Responses in Children: A Review of Age-Specific Molecular Determinants Contributing to Antigen Cross-Presentation. Front Immunol 2020; 11:607977. [PMID: 33424857 PMCID: PMC7786054 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.607977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Infections are most common and most severe at the extremes of age, the young and the elderly. Vaccination can be a key approach to enhance immunogenicity and protection against pathogens in these vulnerable populations, who have a functionally distinct immune system compared to other age groups. More than 50% of the vaccine market is for pediatric use, yet to date vaccine development is often empiric and not tailored to molecular distinctions in innate and adaptive immune activation in early life. With modern vaccine development shifting from whole-cell based vaccines to subunit vaccines also comes the need for formulations that can elicit a CD8+ T cell response when needed, for example, by promoting antigen cross-presentation. While our group and others have identified many cellular and molecular determinants of successful activation of antigen-presenting cells, B cells and CD4+ T cells in early life, much less is known about the ontogeny of CD8+ T cell induction. In this review, we summarize the literature pertaining to the frequency and phenotype of newborn and infant CD8+ T cells, and any evidence of induction of CD8+ T cells by currently licensed pediatric vaccine formulations. In addition, we review the molecular determinants of antigen cross-presentation on MHC I and successful CD8+ T cell induction and discuss potential distinctions that can be made in children. Finally, we discuss recent advances in development of novel adjuvants and provide future directions for basic and translational research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth M S Beijnen
- Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Precision Vaccines Program, Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Simon D van Haren
- Precision Vaccines Program, Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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16
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Akt+ IKKα/β+ Rab5+ Signalosome Mediate the Endosomal Recruitment of Sec61 and Contribute to Cross-Presentation in Bone Marrow Precursor Cells. Vaccines (Basel) 2020; 8:vaccines8030539. [PMID: 32957586 PMCID: PMC7563657 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines8030539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cross-presentation in dendritic cells (DC) requires the endosomal relocations of internalized antigens and the endoplasmic reticulum protein Sec61. Despite the fact that endotoxin-containing pathogen and endotoxin-free antigen have different effects on protein kinase B (Akt) and I-kappa B Kinase α/β (IKKα/β) activation, the exact roles of Akt phosphorylation, IKKα or IKKβ activation in endotoxin-containing pathogen-derived cross-presentation are poorly understood. In this study, endotoxin-free ovalbumin supplemented with endotoxin was used as a model pathogen. We investigated the effects of endotoxin-containing pathogen and endotoxin-free antigen on Akt phosphorylation, IKKα/β activation, and explored the mechanisms that the endotoxin-containing pathogen orchestrating the endosomal recruitment of Sec61 of the cross-presentation in bone marrow precursor cells (BMPC). We demonstrated that endotoxin-containing pathogen and endotoxin-free antigen efficiently induced the phosphorylation of Akt-IKKα/β and Akt-IKKα, respectively. Endotoxin-containing pathogen derived Akt+ IKKα/β+ Rab5+ signalosome, together with augmented the recruitment of Sec61 toward endosome, lead to the increased cross-presentation in BMPC. Importantly, the endosomal recruitment of Sec61 was partly mediated by the formation of Akt+ IKKα/β+ signalosome. Thus, these data suggest that Akt+ IKKα/β+ Rab5+ signalosome contribute to endotoxin-containing pathogen-induced the endosomal recruitment of Sec61 and the superior efficacy of cross-presentation in BMPC.
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17
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Engineering anti-cancer nanovaccine based on antigen cross-presentation. Biosci Rep 2020; 39:220729. [PMID: 31652460 PMCID: PMC6822533 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20193220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) present exogenous antigens on major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules, thereby activating CD8+ T cells, contributing to tumor elimination through a mechanism known as antigen cross-presentation. A variety of factors such as maturation state of DCs, co-stimulatory signals, T-cell microenvironment, antigen internalization routes and adjuvants regulate the process of DC-mediated antigen cross-presentation. Recently, the development of successful cancer immunotherapies may be attributed to the ability of DCs to cross-present tumor antigens. In this review article, we focus on the underlying mechanism of antigen cross-presentation and ways to improve antigen cross-presentation in different DC subsets. We have critically summarized the recent developments in the generation of novel nanovaccines for robust CD8+ T-cell response in cancer. In this context, we have reviewed nanocarriers that have been used for cancer immunotherapeutics based on antigen cross-presentation mechanism. Additionally, we have also expressed our views on the future applications of this mechanism in curing cancer.
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18
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Tanaka K, Enomoto N, Uehara M, Furuhashi K, Sakurai S, Yasui H, Karayama M, Hozumi H, Suzuki Y, Fujisawa T, Inui N, Nakamura Y, Nagata T, Suda T. Development of a novel T cell-oriented vaccine using CTL/Th-hybrid epitope long peptide and biodegradable microparticles, against an intracellular bacterium. Microbiol Immunol 2020; 64:666-678. [PMID: 32786043 DOI: 10.1111/1348-0421.12836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Antigen-specific CD8+ T-lymphocytes (cytotoxic T-lymphocytes: CTL), as well as CD4+ T-lymphocytes (helper T-lymphocytes: Th), simultaneously play an important role in the elimination of intracellular bacteria such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Listeria monocytogenes. Administration of T-cell epitope short peptide needs large numbers of peptides for effective vaccination due to its easily degradable nature in vivo. In this respect, biocompatible and biodegradable microparticles combined with CTL/Th-hybrid epitope long peptide (long peptide) have been used to diminish the degradation of loaded peptide. The aim of this study is to develop a novel T cell-oriented vaccine against intracellular bacteria that is composed of long peptide and poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microparticles. Mouse bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) were loaded with L. monocytogenes listeriolysin O (LLO)-derived or ovalbumin (OVA)-derived long peptide/PLGA or other comparative antigens. The antigen-loaded BMDCs were injected subcutaneously into the flank of mice twice, and then, the spleens were collected and lymphocyte proliferation and interferon-γ production were evaluated. The median diameter of the PLGA spheres was 1.38 μm. Both LLO- and OVA-long peptide/PLGA showed significantly more robust CTL and Th proliferations with higher interferon-γ production than the long peptide alone or CTL and Th short peptides/PLGA vaccination. Furthermore, the LLO-long peptide/PLGA vaccination showed a significantly lower bacterial burden in spleens compared with the long peptide alone or the CTL and Th short peptides/PLGA vaccination after the challenge of lethal amounts of L. monocytogenes. These results suggest that the novel vaccine taking advantages of CTL/Th-hybrid epitope long peptide and PLGA microparticle is effective for protection against intracellular bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Tanaka
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Enomoto
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan.,Health Administration Center, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Masahiro Uehara
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fujieda Municipal General Hospital, Fujieda, Japan
| | - Kazuki Furuhashi
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Shogo Sakurai
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Hideki Yasui
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Masato Karayama
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Hironao Hozumi
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Yuzo Suzuki
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Fujisawa
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Naoki Inui
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Yutaro Nakamura
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Toshi Nagata
- Department of Health Science, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Takafumi Suda
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
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19
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Kozik P, Gros M, Itzhak DN, Joannas L, Heurtebise-Chrétien S, Krawczyk PA, Rodríguez-Silvestre P, Alloatti A, Magalhaes JG, Del Nery E, Borner GHH, Amigorena S. Small Molecule Enhancers of Endosome-to-Cytosol Import Augment Anti-tumor Immunity. Cell Rep 2020; 32:107905. [PMID: 32668257 PMCID: PMC7370168 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cross-presentation of antigens by dendritic cells (DCs) is critical for initiation of anti-tumor immune responses. Yet, key steps involved in trafficking of antigens taken up by DCs remain incompletely understood. Here, we screen 700 US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drugs and identify 37 enhancers of antigen import from endolysosomes into the cytosol. To reveal their mechanism of action, we generate proteomic organellar maps of control and drug-treated DCs (focusing on two compounds, prazosin and tamoxifen). By combining organellar mapping, quantitative proteomics, and microscopy, we conclude that import enhancers undergo lysosomal trapping leading to membrane permeation and antigen release. Enhancing antigen import facilitates cross-presentation of soluble and cell-associated antigens. Systemic administration of prazosin leads to reduced growth of MC38 tumors and to a synergistic effect with checkpoint immunotherapy in a melanoma model. Thus, inefficient antigen import into the cytosol limits antigen cross-presentation, restraining the potency of anti-tumor immune responses and efficacy of checkpoint blockers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrycja Kozik
- INSERM U932, PSL Research University, Institut Curie, 75005 Paris, France; MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK.
| | - Marine Gros
- INSERM U932, PSL Research University, Institut Curie, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Daniel N Itzhak
- Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Leonel Joannas
- INSERM U932, PSL Research University, Institut Curie, 75005 Paris, France
| | | | | | | | - Andrés Alloatti
- INSERM U932, PSL Research University, Institut Curie, 75005 Paris, France
| | | | - Elaine Del Nery
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Department of Translational Research-Biophenics High-Content Screening Laboratory, Cell and Tissue Imaging Facility (PICT-IBiSA), 75005 Paris, France
| | - Georg H H Borner
- Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
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20
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Qin X, Denton WD, Huiting LN, Smith KS, Feng H. Unraveling the regulatory role of endoplasmic-reticulum-associated degradation in tumor immunity. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 2020; 55:322-353. [PMID: 32633575 DOI: 10.1080/10409238.2020.1784085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
During malignant transformation and cancer progression, tumor cells face both intrinsic and extrinsic stress, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in particular. To survive and proliferate, tumor cells use multiple stress response pathways to mitigate ER stress, promoting disease aggression and treatment resistance. Among the stress response pathways is ER-associated degradation (ERAD), which consists of multiple components and steps working together to ensure protein quality and quantity. In addition to its established role in stress responses and tumor cell survival, ERAD has recently been shown to regulate tumor immunity. Here we summarize current knowledge on how ERAD promotes protein degradation, regulates immune cell development and function, participates in antigen presentation, exerts paradoxical roles on tumorigenesis and immunity, and thus impacts current cancer therapy. Collectively, ERAD is a critical protein homeostasis pathway intertwined with cancer development and tumor immunity. Of particular importance is the need to further unveil ERAD's enigmatic roles in tumor immunity to develop effective targeted and combination therapy for successful treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodan Qin
- Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, Section of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - William D Denton
- Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, Section of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Leah N Huiting
- Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, Section of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kaylee S Smith
- Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, Section of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hui Feng
- Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, Section of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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21
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Chen X, Yang J, Wang L, Liu B. Personalized neoantigen vaccination with synthetic long peptides: recent advances and future perspectives. Theranostics 2020; 10:6011-6023. [PMID: 32483434 PMCID: PMC7255011 DOI: 10.7150/thno.38742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic cancer vaccines are one of the most promising strategies of immunotherapy. Traditional vaccines consisting of tumor-associated antigens have met with limited success. Recently, neoantigens derived from nonsynonymous mutations in tumor cells have emerged as alternatives that can improve tumor-specificity and reduce on-target off-tumor toxicity. Synthetic peptides are a common platform for neoantigen vaccines. It has been suggested that extending short peptides into long peptides can overcome immune tolerance and induce both CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses. This review will introduce the history of long peptide-based neoantigen vaccines, discuss their advantages, summarize current preclinical and clinical developments, and propose future perspectives.
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22
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Zamani P, Teymouri M, Nikpoor AR, Navashenaq JG, Gholizadeh Z, Darban SA, Jaafari MR. Nanoliposomal vaccine containing long multi-epitope peptide E75-AE36 pulsed PADRE-induced effective immune response in mice TUBO model of breast cancer. Eur J Cancer 2020; 129:80-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2020.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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23
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Modulation of TAP-dependent antigen compartmentalization during human monocyte-to-DC differentiation. Blood Adv 2020; 3:839-850. [PMID: 30867143 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2018027268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) take up antigen in the periphery, migrate to secondary lymphoid organs, and present processed antigen fragments to adaptive immune cells and thus prime antigen-specific immunity. During local inflammation, recirculating monocytes are recruited from blood to the inflamed tissue, where they differentiate to macrophages and DCs. In this study, we found that monocytes showed high transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP)-dependent peptide compartmentalization and that after antigen pulsing, they were not able to efficiently stimulate antigen-specific T lymphocytes. Nevertheless, upon in vitro differentiation to monocyte-derived DCs, TAP-dependent peptide compartmentalization as well as surface major histocompatibility complex I turnover decreased and the cells efficiently restimulated T lymphocytes. Although TAP-dependent peptide compartmentalization decreased during DC differentiation, TAP expression levels increased. Furthermore, TAP relocated from early endosomes in monocytes to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and lysosomal compartments in DCs. Collectively, these data are compatible with the model that during monocyte-to-DC differentiation, the subcellular relocation of TAP and the regulation of its activity assure spatiotemporal separation of local antigen uptake and processing by monocytes and efficient T-lymphocyte stimulation by DCs.
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24
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Imai J, Ohashi S, Sakai T. Endoplasmic Reticulum-Associated Degradation-Dependent Processing in Cross-Presentation and Its Potential for Dendritic Cell Vaccinations: A Review. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12020153. [PMID: 32070016 PMCID: PMC7076524 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12020153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
While the success of dendritic cell (DC) vaccination largely depends on cross-presentation (CP) efficiency, the precise molecular mechanism of CP is not yet characterized. Recent research revealed that endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated degradation (ERAD), which was first identified as part of the protein quality control system in the ER, plays a pivotal role in the processing of extracellular proteins in CP. The discovery of ERAD-dependent processing strongly suggests that the properties of extracellular antigens are one of the keys to effective DC vaccination, in addition to DC subsets and the maturation of these cells. In this review, we address recent advances in CP, focusing on the molecular mechanisms of the ERAD-dependent processing of extracellular proteins. As ERAD itself and the ERAD-dependent processing in CP share cellular machinery, enhancing the recognition of extracellular proteins, such as the ERAD substrate, by ex vivo methods may serve to improve the efficacy of DC vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Imai
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-27-352-1180
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25
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Colbert JD, Cruz FM, Rock KL. Cross-presentation of exogenous antigens on MHC I molecules. Curr Opin Immunol 2020; 64:1-8. [PMID: 31927332 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2019.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In order to get recognized by CD8 T cells, most cells present peptides from endogenously expressed self or foreign proteins on MHC class I molecules. However, specialized antigen-presenting cells, such as DCs and macrophages, can present exogenous antigen on MHC-I in a process called cross-presentation. This pathway plays key roles in antimicrobial and antitumor immunity, and also immune tolerance. Recent advances have broadened our understanding of the underlying mechanisms of cross-presentation. Here, we review some of these recent advances, including the distinct pathways that result in the cross-priming of CD8 T cells and the source of the class I molecules presenting exogenous peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeff D Colbert
- Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, United States
| | - Freidrich M Cruz
- Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, United States
| | - Kenneth L Rock
- Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, United States.
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Imai J, Otani M, Sakai T. Distinct Subcellular Compartments of Dendritic Cells Used for Cross-Presentation. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20225606. [PMID: 31717517 PMCID: PMC6888166 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20225606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) present exogenous protein-derived peptides on major histocompatibility complex class I molecules to prime naïve CD8+ T cells. This DC specific ability, called cross-presentation (CP), is important for the activation of cell-mediated immunity and the induction of self-tolerance. Recent research revealed that endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD), which was first identified as a part of the unfolded protein response—a quality control system in the ER—plays a pivotal role in the processing of exogenous proteins in CP. Moreover, DCs express a variety of immuno-modulatory molecules and cytokines to regulate T cell activation in response to the environment. Although both CP and immuno-modulation are indispensable, contrasting ER conditions are required for their correct activity. Since ERAD substrates are unfolded proteins, their accumulation may result in ER stress, impaired cell homeostasis, and eventually apoptosis. In contrast, activation of the unfolded protein response should be inhibited for DCs to express immuno-modulatory molecules and cytokines. Here, we review recent advances on antigen CP, focusing on intracellular transport routes for exogenous antigens and distinctive subcellular compartments involved in ERAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Imai
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-27-352-1180
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Kotsias F, Cebrian I, Alloatti A. Antigen processing and presentation. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 348:69-121. [PMID: 31810556 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2019.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Dendritic cells are at the center of immune responses. They are defined by their ability to sense the environment, take up and process antigen, migrate to secondary lymphoid organs, where they present antigens to the adaptive immune system. In particular, they present lipids and proteins from pathogens, which they encountered in peripheral tissues, to T cells in order to induce a specific effector immune response. These complex antigens need to be broken down into peptides of a certain length in association with Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) molecules. Presentation of MHC/antigen complexes alongside costimulatory molecules and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines will induce an appropriate immune response. This interaction between dendritic cells and T cells takes place at defined locations within secondary lymphoid organs. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge and recent advances on the cellular and molecular mechanisms that underlie antigen processing and the subsequent presentation to T lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiorella Kotsias
- Cátedra de Virología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto de Investigaciones en Producción Animal (INPA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)-Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ignacio Cebrian
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Instituto de Histología y Embriología de Mendoza (IHEM)-CONICET/Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Andrés Alloatti
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Instituto de Inmunología Clínica y Experimental de Rosario (IDICER)-CONICET/Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina.
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Gros M, Amigorena S. Regulation of Antigen Export to the Cytosol During Cross-Presentation. Front Immunol 2019; 10:41. [PMID: 30745902 PMCID: PMC6360170 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Cross-priming refers to the induction of primary cytotoxic CD8+ T cell responses to antigens that are not expressed in antigen presenting cells (APCs) responsible for T cell priming. Cross-priming is achieved through cross-presentation of exogenous antigens derived from tumors, extracellular pathogens or infected neighboring cells on Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) class I molecules. Despite extensive research efforts to understand the intracellular pathways involved in antigen cross-presentation, certain critical steps remain elusive and controversial. Here we review recent advances on antigen cross-presentation, focusing on the mechanisms involved in antigen export to the cytosol, a crucial step of this pathway.
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Lagousi T, Basdeki P, Routsias J, Spoulou V. Novel Protein-Based Pneumococcal Vaccines: Assessing the Use of Distinct Protein Fragments Instead of Full-Length Proteins as Vaccine Antigens. Vaccines (Basel) 2019; 7:vaccines7010009. [PMID: 30669439 PMCID: PMC6466302 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines7010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-serotype-specific protein-based pneumococcal vaccines have received extensive research focus due to the limitations of polysaccharide-based vaccines. Pneumococcal proteins (PnPs), universally expressed among serotypes, may induce broader immune responses, stimulating humoral and cellular immunity, while being easier to manufacture and less expensive. Such an approach has raised issues mainly associated with sequence/level of expression variability, chemical instability, as well as possible undesirable reactogenicity and autoimmune properties. A step forward employs the identification of highly-conserved antigenic regions within PnPs with the potential to retain the benefits of protein antigens. Besides, their low-cost and stable construction facilitates the combination of several antigenic regions or peptides that may impair different stages of pneumococcal disease offering even wider serotype coverage and more efficient protection. This review discusses the up-to-date progress on PnPs that are currently under clinical evaluation and the challenges for their licensure. Focus is given on the progress on the identification of antigenic regions/peptides within PnPs and their evaluation as vaccine candidates, accessing their potential to overcome the issues associated with full-length protein antigens. Particular mention is given of the use of newer delivery system technologies including conjugation to Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and reformulation into nanoparticles to enhance the poor immunogenicity of such antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theano Lagousi
- First Department of Paediatrics, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, Immunobiology Research Laboratory and Infectious Diseases Department "MAKKA," Athens Medical School, 11527 Athens, Greece.
| | - Paraskevi Basdeki
- First Department of Paediatrics, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, Immunobiology Research Laboratory and Infectious Diseases Department "MAKKA," Athens Medical School, 11527 Athens, Greece.
| | - John Routsias
- Department of Microbiology, Athens Medical School, 11527 Athens, Greece.
| | - Vana Spoulou
- First Department of Paediatrics, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, Immunobiology Research Laboratory and Infectious Diseases Department "MAKKA," Athens Medical School, 11527 Athens, Greece.
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Embgenbroich M, Burgdorf S. Current Concepts of Antigen Cross-Presentation. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1643. [PMID: 30061897 PMCID: PMC6054923 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 233] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells have the ability to efficiently present internalized antigens on major histocompatibility complex (MHC) I molecules. This process is termed cross-presentation and is important role in the generation of an immune response against viruses and tumors, after vaccinations or in the induction of immune tolerance. The molecular mechanisms enabling cross-presentation have been topic of intense debate since many years. However, a clear view on these mechanisms remains difficult, partially due to important remaining questions, controversial results and discussions. Here, we give an overview of the current concepts of antigen cross-presentation and focus on a description of the major cross-presentation pathways, the role of retarded antigen degradation for efficient cross-presentation, the dislocation of antigens from endosomal compartment into the cytosol, the reverse transport of proteasome-derived peptides for loading on MHC I and the translocation of the cross-presentation machinery from the ER to endosomes. We try to highlight recent advances, discuss some of the controversial data and point out some of the major open questions in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Embgenbroich
- Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sven Burgdorf
- Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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PYR-41 and Thalidomide Impair Dendritic Cell Cross-Presentation by Inhibiting Myddosome Formation and Attenuating the Endosomal Recruitments of p97 and Sec61 via NF- κB Inactivation. J Immunol Res 2018; 2018:5070573. [PMID: 30069488 PMCID: PMC6057288 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5070573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Revised: 04/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
PYR-41 and thalidomide have therapeutic effects on inflammation-associated diseases with side effects such as tumorigenesis. Cross-presentation allows dendritic cells (DC) to present endogenous antigen and induce protective immunity against microbe infection and tumors. But, up to now, the effects of PYR-41 and thalidomide on cross-presentation are still uncertain. In this study, we investigated the effect and mechanism of PYR-41 and thalidomide on DC cross-presentation by observing Myddosome formation, endosomal recruitment of p97 and Sec61, NF-κB activation, and cross-priming ability. We demonstrated that the inhibition of endosomal recruitment of p97 and Sec61, together with attenuated NF-κB activation and Myddosome formation, contributes to PYR-41- and thalidomide-impaired cross-presentation and thereby reverses cross-activation of T cells. These observations suggest that NF-κB signaling and p97 and Sec61 molecules are candidates for dealing with the side effects of PYR-41 and thalidomide.
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Human in vivo-generated monocyte-derived dendritic cells and macrophages cross-present antigens through a vacuolar pathway. Nat Commun 2018; 9:2570. [PMID: 29967419 PMCID: PMC6028641 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-04985-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Presentation of exogenous antigens on MHC-I molecules, termed cross-presentation, is essential for cytotoxic CD8+ T cell responses. In mice, dendritic cells (DCs) that arise from monocytes (mo-DCs) during inflammation have a key function in these responses by cross-presenting antigens locally in peripheral tissues. Whether human naturally-occurring mo-DCs can cross-present is unknown. Here, we use human mo-DCs and macrophages directly purified from ascites to address this question. Single-cell RNA-seq data show that ascites CD1c+ DCs contain exclusively monocyte-derived cells. Both ascites mo-DCs and monocyte-derived macrophages cross-present efficiently, but are inefficient for transferring exogenous proteins into their cytosol. Inhibition of cysteine proteases, but not of proteasome, abolishes cross-presentation in these cells. We conclude that human monocyte-derived cells cross-present exclusively using a vacuolar pathway. Finally, only ascites mo-DCs provide co-stimulatory signals to induce effector cytotoxic CD8+ T cells. Our findings thus provide important insights on how to harness cross-presentation for therapeutic purposes.
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Nyari S, Khan SA, Rawlinson G, Waugh CA, Potter A, Gerdts V, Timms P. Vaccination of koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus) against Chlamydia pecorum using synthetic peptides derived from the major outer membrane protein. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0200112. [PMID: 29953523 PMCID: PMC6023247 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0200112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Chlamydia pecorum is a mucosal infection, which causes debilitating disease of the urinary tract, reproductive tract and ocular sites of koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus). While antibiotics are available for treatment, they are detrimental to the koalas' gastrointestinal tract microflora leaving the implementation of a vaccine as an ideal option for the long-term management of koala populations. We have previously reported on the successes of an anti-chlamydial recombinant major outer membrane protein (rMOMP) vaccine however, recombinant protein based vaccines are not ideal candidates for scale up from the research level to small-medium production level for wider usage. Peptide based vaccines are a promising area for vaccine development, because peptides are stable, cost effective and easily produced. In this current study, we assessed, for the first time, the immune responses to a synthetic peptide based anti-chlamydial vaccine in koalas. Five healthy male koalas were vaccinated with two synthetic peptides derived from C. pecorum MOMP and another five healthy male koalas were vaccinated with full length recombinant C. pecorum MOMP (genotype G). Systemic (IgG) and mucosal (IgA) antibodies were quantified and pre-vaccination levels compared to post-vaccination levels (12 and 26 weeks). MOMP-peptide vaccinated koalas produced Chlamydia-specific IgG and IgA antibodies, which were able to recognise not only the genotype used in the vaccination, but also MOMPs from several other koala C. pecorum genotypes. In addition, IgA antibodies induced at the ocular site not only recognised recombinant MOMP protein but also, whole native chlamydial elementary bodies. Interestingly, some MOMP-peptide vaccinated koalas showed a stronger and more sustained vaccine-induced mucosal IgA antibody response than observed in MOMP-protein vaccinated koalas. These results demonstrate that a synthetic MOMP peptide based vaccine is capable of inducing a Chlamydia-specific antibody response in koalas and is a promising candidate for future vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Nyari
- Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia
| | - Shahneaz Ali Khan
- Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia
| | - Galit Rawlinson
- Lone Pine Koala Sanctuary, Fig Tree Pocket, Queensland, Australia
| | - Courtney A. Waugh
- Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia
| | - Andrew Potter
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organisation–International Vaccine Centre (VIDO-InterVac), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Volker Gerdts
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organisation–International Vaccine Centre (VIDO-InterVac), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Peter Timms
- Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia
- * E-mail:
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Hos BJ, Tondini E, van Kasteren SI, Ossendorp F. Approaches to Improve Chemically Defined Synthetic Peptide Vaccines. Front Immunol 2018; 9:884. [PMID: 29755468 PMCID: PMC5932164 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Progress made in peptide-based vaccinations to induce T-cell-dependent immune responses against cancer has invigorated the search for optimal vaccine modalities. Design of new vaccine strategies intrinsically depends on the knowledge of antigen handling and optimal epitope presentation in both major histocompatibility complex class I and -II molecules by professional antigen-presenting cells to induce robust CD8 and CD4 T-cell responses. Although there is a steady increase in the understanding of the underlying mechanisms that bridges innate and adaptive immunology, many questions remain to be answered. Moreover, we are in the early stage of exploiting this knowledge to clinical advantage. Several adaptations of peptide-based vaccines like peptide-adjuvant conjugates have been explored and showed beneficial outcomes in preclinical models; but in the clinical trials conducted so far, mixed results were obtained. A major limiting factor to unravel antigen handling mechanistically is the lack of tools to efficiently track peptide vaccines at the molecular and (sub)cellular level. In this mini-review, we will discuss options to develop molecular tools for improving, as well as studying, peptide-based vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett J Hos
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Elena Tondini
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Sander I van Kasteren
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, The Institute for Chemical Immunology, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Ferry Ossendorp
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
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Abstract
Antigen cross-presentation is an adaptation of the cellular process of loading MHC-I molecules with endogenous peptides during their biosynthesis within the endoplasmic reticulum. Cross-presented peptides derive from internalized proteins, microbial pathogens, and transformed or dying cells. The physical separation of internalized cargo from the endoplasmic reticulum, where the machinery for assembling peptide-MHC-I complexes resides, poses a challenge. To solve this problem, deliberate rewiring of organelle communication within cells is necessary to prepare for cross-presentation, and different endocytic receptors and vesicular traffic patterns customize the emergent cross-presentation compartment to the nature of the peptide source. Three distinct pathways of vesicular traffic converge to form the ideal cross-presentation compartment, each regulated differently to supply a unique component that enables cross-presentation of a diverse repertoire of peptides. Delivery of centerpiece MHC-I molecules is the critical step regulated by microbe-sensitive Toll-like receptors. Defining the subcellular sources of MHC-I and identifying sites of peptide loading during cross-presentation remain key challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Magarian Blander
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA; .,Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
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36
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Abstract
Cross-presentation of internalized antigens by dendritic cells requires efficient delivery of Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) class I molecules to peptide-loading compartments. Strong evidence suggests that such loading can occur outside of the endoplasmic reticulum; however, the trafficking pathways and sources of class I molecules involved are poorly understood. Examination of non-professional, non-phagocytic cells has revealed a clathrin-independent, Arf6-dependent recycling pathway likely traveled by internalized optimally loaded (closed) class I molecules. Some closed and all open MHC class I molecules travel to late endosomes to be degraded but might also partly be re-loaded with peptides and recycled. Studies of viral interference revealed pathways in which class I molecules are directed to degradation in lysosomes upon ubiquitination at the surface, or upon AP-1 and HIV-nef-dependent misrouting from the Golgi network to lysosomes. While many observations made in non-professional cells remain to be re-examined in dendritic cells, available evidence suggests that both recycling and neo-synthesized class I molecules can be loaded with cross-presented peptides. Recycling molecules can be recruited to phagosomes triggered by innate signals such as TLR4 ligands, and may therefore specialize in loading with phagocytosed antigens. In contrast, AP-1-dependent accumulation at, or trafficking through, a Golgi compartment of newly synthesized molecules appears to be important for cross-presentation of soluble proteins and possibly of long peptides that are processed in the so-called vacuolar pathway. However, significant cell biological work will be required to confirm this or any other model and to integrate knowledge on MHC class I biochemistry and trafficking in models of CD8(+) T-cell priming by dendritic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter van Endert
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 1151, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité 8253, Paris, France
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37
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Pathangey LB, McCurry DB, Gendler SJ, Dominguez AL, Gorman JE, Pathangey G, Mihalik LA, Dang Y, Disis ML, Cohen PA. Surrogate in vitro activation of innate immunity synergizes with interleukin-7 to unleash rapid antigen-driven outgrowth of CD4+ and CD8+ human peripheral blood T-cells naturally recognizing MUC1, HER2/neu and other tumor-associated antigens. Oncotarget 2017; 8:10785-10808. [PMID: 27974697 PMCID: PMC5355224 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Effective adoptive immunotherapy has proved elusive for many types of human cancer, often due to difficulties achieving robust expansion of natural tumor-specific T-cells from peripheral blood. We hypothesized that antigen-driven T-cell expansion might best be triggered in vitro by acute activation of innate immunity to mimic a life-threatening infection. Unfractionated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were subjected to a two-step culture, first synchronizing their exposure to exogenous antigens with aggressive surrogate activation of innate immunity, followed by γ-chain cytokine-modulated T-cell hyperexpansion. Step 1 exposure to GM-CSF plus paired Toll-like receptor agonists (resiquimod and LPS), stimulated abundant IL-12 and IL-23 secretion, as well as upregulated co-stimulatory molecules and CD11c expression within the myeloid (CD33+) subpopulation. Added synthetic long peptides (>20aa) derived from widely expressed oncoproteins (MUC1, HER2/neu and CMVpp65), were reliably presented to CD4+ T-cells and cross-presented to CD8+ T-cells. Both presentation and cross-presentation demonstrated proteasomal and Sec61 dependence that could bypass the endoplasmic reticulum. Step 2 exposure to exogenous IL-7 or IL-7+IL-2 produced selective and sustained expansion of both CD4+ and CD8+ peptide-specific T-cells with a predominant interferon-γ-producing T1-type, as well as the antigen-specific ability to lyse tumor targets. Other γ-chain cytokines and/or combinations were initially proliferogenic, but followed by a contractile phase not observed with IL-7 or IL-7+IL-2. Regulatory T-cells were minimally propagated under these culture conditions. This mechanistically rational culture sequence, effective even for unvaccinated donors, enables rapid preparation of T-cells recognizing tumor-associated antigens expressed by the majority of human cancers, including pancreatic cancers, breast cancers and glioblastomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Latha B Pathangey
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | - Dustin B McCurry
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | - Sandra J Gendler
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA.,Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA.,Department of Hematology and Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | - Ana L Dominguez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | - Jessica E Gorman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | - Girish Pathangey
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | - Laurie A Mihalik
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | - Yushe Dang
- Tumor Vaccine Group, Center for Translational Medicine in Women's Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Mary L Disis
- Tumor Vaccine Group, Center for Translational Medicine in Women's Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Peter A Cohen
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA.,Department of Hematology and Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
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Grotzke JE, Sengupta D, Lu Q, Cresswell P. The ongoing saga of the mechanism(s) of MHC class I-restricted cross-presentation. Curr Opin Immunol 2017; 46:89-96. [PMID: 28528219 PMCID: PMC5554740 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2017.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cross-presentation is an MHC-I antigen processing pathway that results in the presentation of peptides from exogenous viral, bacterial, parasitic, and tumor antigens and ultimately leads to priming of naïve CD8+ T cells. This process involves several cellular compartments and multiple components. Successful generation of MHC-I-peptide complexes requires that these components act together in a coordinated fashion. We discuss recent findings on the source of MHC-I, the role of the TAP transporter, the importance of intracellular trafficking events, mechanisms of antigen access the cytosol, and how innate immune signals can affect presentation, with an emphasis on how these pathways compare to conventional antigen presentation and how they correlate with existing data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeff E Grotzke
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8011, United States
| | - Debrup Sengupta
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8011, United States
| | - Qiao Lu
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8011, United States
| | - Peter Cresswell
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8011, United States; Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8011, United States.
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Cruz FM, Colbert JD, Merino E, Kriegsman BA, Rock KL. The Biology and Underlying Mechanisms of Cross-Presentation of Exogenous Antigens on MHC-I Molecules. Annu Rev Immunol 2017; 35:149-176. [PMID: 28125356 PMCID: PMC5508990 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-041015-055254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
To monitor the health of cells, the immune system tasks antigen-presenting cells with gathering antigens from other cells and bringing them to CD8 T cells in the form of peptides bound to MHC-I molecules. Most cells would be unable to perform this function because they use their MHC-I molecules to exclusively present peptides derived from the cell's own proteins. However, the immune system evolved mechanisms for dendritic cells and some other phagocytes to sample and present antigens from the extracellular milieu on MHC-I through a process called cross-presentation. How this important task is accomplished, its role in health and disease, and its potential for exploitation are the subject of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Freidrich M Cruz
- Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01655; , , , ,
| | - Jeff D Colbert
- Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01655; , , , ,
| | - Elena Merino
- Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01655; , , , ,
| | - Barry A Kriegsman
- Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01655; , , , ,
| | - Kenneth L Rock
- Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01655; , , , ,
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40
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Huang M, Zhang W, Guo J, Wei X, Phiwpan K, Zhang J, Zhou X. Improved Transgenic Mouse Model for Studying HLA Class I Antigen Presentation. Sci Rep 2016; 6:33612. [PMID: 27634283 PMCID: PMC5025652 DOI: 10.1038/srep33612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
HLA class I (HLA-I) transgenic mice have proven to be useful models for studying human MHC-related immune responses over the last two decades. However, differences in the processing and presentation machinery between humans and mice may have profound effects on HLA-I restricted antigen presentation. In this study, we generated a novel human TAP-LMP (hTAP-LMP) gene cluster transgenic mouse model carrying an intact human TAP complex and two human immunoproteasome LMP subunits, PSMB8/PSMB9. By crossing the hTAP-LMP strain with different HLA-I transgenic mice, we found that the expression levels of human HLA-I molecules, especially the A3 supertype members (e.g., A11 and A33), were remarkably enhanced in corresponding HLA-I/hTAP-LMP transgenic mice. Moreover, we found that humanized processing and presentation machinery increased antigen presentation of HLA-A11-restricted epitopes and promoted the rapid reduction of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in HLA-A11/hTAP-LMP mice. Together, our study highlights that HLA-I/hTAP-LMP mice are an improved model for studying antigen presentation of HLA-I molecules and their related CTL responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Jie Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Xundong Wei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Krung Phiwpan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100101, China.,University of Phayao 19 Moo 2 Maeka, Muang Phayao district, Phayao, 56000, Thailand
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Xuyu Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100101, China.,Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
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41
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Zehner
- Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sven Burgdorf
- Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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42
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Duvallet E, Boulpicante M, Yamazaki T, Daskalogianni C, Prado Martins R, Baconnais S, Manoury B, Fahraeus R, Apcher S. Exosome-driven transfer of tumor-associated Pioneer Translation Products (TA-PTPs) for the MHC class I cross-presentation pathway. Oncoimmunology 2016; 5:e1198865. [PMID: 27757298 PMCID: PMC5048765 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2016.1198865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Revised: 05/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular immune reactions against non-self-epitopes require activation of cytotoxic CD8+ T-cells via cross-presentation of MHC class I-restricted peptides by professional antigen presenting cells (pAPCs), with the consequent detection and elimination of cells expressing the same antigens via the endogenous (direct) pathway. The source of peptides for the endogenous pathway is constituted of alternative mRNA translation products; however, it is still unclear which source of peptides is used for cross-presentation. Furthermore, the presentation of non-canonical translation products, produced during a non-conventional translation event, on class I molecules of tumor cells has been reported but how these peptides are generated, presented to pAPCs, and their capacity to stimulate CD8+ T cells is still not known. Here, we report that pioneer translation peptides (PTPs) derived from intron or exon pre-mRNAs can serve as tumor-associated antigens (TA-PTPs) and are delivered from the producing tumor cells to pAPCs via exosomes where they are processed by the cytosolic pathway. Injection of TA-PTPs and tumor-derived exosomes efficiently induce CD8+ T-cell proliferation and prevent tumor growth in mice. Our results show that TA-PTPs represent an efficient source of antigenic peptides for CD8+ T cell activation and that full-length proteins are not required for cross-presentation. These findings can have interesting implications for generating tolerance and for designing vectors to generate vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Duvallet
- Institut Gustave Roussy, Université Paris Sud, Université Paris Saclay, Unité 1015 département d'immunologie , Villejuif, France
| | - Mathilde Boulpicante
- Institut Gustave Roussy, Université Paris Sud, Université Paris Saclay, Unité 1015 département d'immunologie , Villejuif, France
| | - Takahiro Yamazaki
- Institut Gustave Roussy, Université Paris Sud, Université Paris Saclay, Unité 1015 département d'immunologie , Villejuif, France
| | - Chrysoula Daskalogianni
- Equipe Labellisée la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Inserm UMR1162, Université Paris 7, Institut de Génétique Moléculaire , Paris, France and RECAMO, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute , Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Rodrigo Prado Martins
- Equipe Labellisée la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Inserm UMR1162, Université Paris 7, Institut de Génétique Moléculaire , Paris, France and RECAMO, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute , Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Sonia Baconnais
- Signalisations, Noyaux et Innovations en Cancérologie, CNRS UMR8126, Université Paris Sud, Université Paris Saclay , Villejuif, France
| | - Bénédicte Manoury
- INEM, U1151-CNRS UMR8253 , Paris, France and Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de medicine , Paris, France
| | - Robin Fahraeus
- Equipe Labellisée la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Inserm UMR1162, Université Paris 7, Institut de Génétique Moléculaire , Paris, France and RECAMO, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute , Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Sébastien Apcher
- Institut Gustave Roussy, Université Paris Sud, Université Paris Saclay, Unité 1015 département d'immunologie , Villejuif, France
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43
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Ebstein F, Keller M, Paschen A, Walden P, Seeger M, Bürger E, Krüger E, Schadendorf D, Kloetzel PM, Seifert U. Exposure to Melan-A/MART-126-35 tumor epitope specific CD8(+)T cells reveals immune escape by affecting the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS). Sci Rep 2016; 6:25208. [PMID: 27143649 PMCID: PMC4855237 DOI: 10.1038/srep25208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Efficient processing of target antigens by the ubiquitin-proteasome-system (UPS) is essential for treatment of cancers by T cell therapies. However, immune escape due to altered expression of IFN-γ-inducible components of the antigen presentation machinery and consequent inefficient processing of HLA-dependent tumor epitopes can be one important reason for failure of such therapies. Here, we show that short-term co-culture of Melan-A/MART-1 tumor antigen-expressing melanoma cells with Melan-A/MART-126-35-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) led to resistance against CTL-induced lysis because of impaired Melan-A/MART-126-35 epitope processing. Interestingly, deregulation of p97/VCP expression, which is an IFN-γ-independent component of the UPS and part of the ER-dependent protein degradation pathway (ERAD), was found to be essentially involved in the observed immune escape. In support, our data demonstrate that re-expression of p97/VCP in Melan-A/MART-126-35 CTL-resistant melanoma cells completely restored immune recognition by Melan-A/MART-126-35 CTL. In conclusion, our experiments show that impaired expression of IFN-γ-independent components of the UPS can exert rapid immune evasion of tumor cells and suggest that tumor antigens processed by distinct UPS degradation pathways should be simultaneously targeted in T cell therapies to restrict the likelihood of immune evasion due to impaired antigen processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Ebstein
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institut für Biochemie, Charité-Platz 1/ Virchowweg 6, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Keller
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institut für Biochemie, Charité-Platz 1/ Virchowweg 6, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Annette Paschen
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Hufelandstr. 55, 45122 Essen, Germany
| | - Peter Walden
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Charité Platz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Seeger
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institut für Biochemie, Charité-Platz 1/ Virchowweg 6, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Elke Bürger
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institut für Biochemie, Charité-Platz 1/ Virchowweg 6, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Elke Krüger
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institut für Biochemie, Charité-Platz 1/ Virchowweg 6, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Dirk Schadendorf
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Hufelandstr. 55, 45122 Essen, Germany
| | - Peter-M. Kloetzel
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institut für Biochemie, Charité-Platz 1/ Virchowweg 6, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health Kapelle-Ufer 2 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrike Seifert
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institut für Biochemie, Charité-Platz 1/ Virchowweg 6, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Institut für Molekulare und Klinische Immunologie, Medizinische Fakultät der Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg, Leipzigerstr. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
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44
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Comparison of Intranasal Outer Membrane Vesicles with Cholera Toxin and Injected MF59C.1 as Adjuvants for Malaria Transmission Blocking Antigens AnAPN1 and Pfs48/45. J Immunol Res 2016; 2016:3576028. [PMID: 27239480 PMCID: PMC4863099 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3576028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2015] [Revised: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purified protein vaccines often require adjuvants for efficient stimulation of immune responses. There is no licensed mucosal adjuvant on the market to adequately boost the immune response to purified antigens for intranasal applications in humans. Bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMV) are attractive candidates potentially combining antigenic and adjuvant properties in one substance. To more precisely characterize the potential of Escherichia coli OMV for intranasal vaccination with heterologous antigens, immune responses for AnAPN1 and Pfs48/45 as well as ovalbumin as a reference antigen were assessed in mice. The intranasal adjuvant cholera toxin (CT) and parenteral adjuvant MF59C.1 were used in comparison. Vaccinations were administered intranasally or subcutaneously. Antibodies (total IgG and IgM as well as subclasses IgG1, IgG2a, IgG2b, and IgG3) were measured by ELISA. T cell responses (cytotoxic T cells, Th1, Th17, and regulatory T cells) were determined by flow cytometry. When OMV were used as adjuvant for intranasal immunization, antibody and cellular responses against all three antigens could be induced, comparable to cholera toxin and MF59C.1. Antigen-specific IgG titres above 1 : 10(5) could be detected in all groups. This study provides the rationale for further development of OMV as a vaccination strategy in malaria and other diseases.
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45
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Ma W, Zhang Y, Vigneron N, Stroobant V, Thielemans K, van der Bruggen P, Van den Eynde BJ. Long-Peptide Cross-Presentation by Human Dendritic Cells Occurs in Vacuoles by Peptide Exchange on Nascent MHC Class I Molecules. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 196:1711-20. [PMID: 26792804 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1501574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cross-presentation enables dendritic cells to present on their MHC class I molecules antigenic peptides derived from exogenous material, through a mechanism that remains partly unclear. It is particularly efficient with long peptides, which are used in cancer vaccines. We studied the mechanism of long-peptide cross-presentation using human dendritic cells and specific CTL clones against melanoma Ags gp100 and Melan-A/MART1. We found that cross-presentation of those long peptides does not depend on the proteasome or the transporter associated with Ag processing, and therefore follows a vacuolar pathway. We also observed that it makes use of newly synthesized MHC class I molecules, through peptide exchange in vesicles distinct from the endoplasmic reticulum and classical secretory pathway, in an SEC22b- and CD74-independent manner. Our results indicate a nonclassical secretion pathway followed by nascent HLA-I molecules that are used for cross-presentation of those long melanoma peptides in the vacuolar pathway. Our results may have implications for the development of vaccines based on long peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbin Ma
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Brussels B-1200, Belgium; Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Brussels B-1200, Belgium; de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels B-1200, Belgium
| | - Yi Zhang
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Brussels B-1200, Belgium; de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels B-1200, Belgium; The Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China; Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China; and
| | - Nathalie Vigneron
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Brussels B-1200, Belgium; Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Brussels B-1200, Belgium; de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels B-1200, Belgium
| | - Vincent Stroobant
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Brussels B-1200, Belgium; de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels B-1200, Belgium
| | - Kris Thielemans
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Therapy, Department of Physiology and Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels B-1090, Belgium
| | - Pierre van der Bruggen
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Brussels B-1200, Belgium; Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Brussels B-1200, Belgium; de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels B-1200, Belgium
| | - Benoît J Van den Eynde
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Brussels B-1200, Belgium; Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Brussels B-1200, Belgium; de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels B-1200, Belgium;
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46
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Gutiérrez-Martínez E, Planès R, Anselmi G, Reynolds M, Menezes S, Adiko AC, Saveanu L, Guermonprez P. Cross-Presentation of Cell-Associated Antigens by MHC Class I in Dendritic Cell Subsets. Front Immunol 2015; 6:363. [PMID: 26236315 PMCID: PMC4505393 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 07/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) have the unique ability to pick up dead cells carrying antigens in tissue and migrate to the lymph nodes where they can cross-present cell-associated antigens by MHC class I to CD8+ T cells. There is strong in vivo evidence that the mouse XCR1+ DCs subset acts as a key player in this process. The intracellular processes underlying cross-presentation remain controversial and several pathways have been proposed. Indeed, a wide number of studies have addressed the cellular process of cross-presentation in vitro using a variety of sources of antigen and antigen-presenting cells. Here, we review the in vivo and in vitro evidence supporting the current mechanistic models and disscuss their physiological relevance to the cross-presentation of cell-associated antigens by DCs subsets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enric Gutiérrez-Martínez
- Laboratory of Phagocyte Immunobiology, Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, CMCBI, King's College London , London , UK
| | - Remi Planès
- Laboratory of Phagocyte Immunobiology, Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, CMCBI, King's College London , London , UK
| | - Giorgio Anselmi
- Laboratory of Phagocyte Immunobiology, Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, CMCBI, King's College London , London , UK
| | - Matthew Reynolds
- Laboratory of Phagocyte Immunobiology, Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, CMCBI, King's College London , London , UK
| | - Shinelle Menezes
- Laboratory of Phagocyte Immunobiology, Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, CMCBI, King's College London , London , UK
| | - Aimé Cézaire Adiko
- Laboratory of Phagocyte Immunobiology, Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, Centre for Molecular & Cellular Biology of Inflammation (CMCBI), King's College London , Paris , France ; Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Diderot , Paris , France
| | - Loredana Saveanu
- Laboratory of Phagocyte Immunobiology, Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, Centre for Molecular & Cellular Biology of Inflammation (CMCBI), King's College London , Paris , France ; Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Diderot , Paris , France
| | - Pierre Guermonprez
- Laboratory of Phagocyte Immunobiology, Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, CMCBI, King's College London , London , UK
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47
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Baleeiro RB, Rietscher R, Diedrich A, Czaplewska JA, Lehr CM, Scherließ R, Hanefeld A, Gottschaldt M, Walden P. Spatial separation of the processing and MHC class I loading compartments for cross-presentation of the tumor-associated antigen HER2/ neu by human dendritic cells. Oncoimmunology 2015; 4:e1047585. [PMID: 26985398 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2015.1047585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Revised: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cross-presentation is the process by which professional antigen presenting cells (APCs) (B cells, dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages) present endocytosed antigens (Ags) via MHC-I to CD8+ T cells. This process is crucial for induction of adaptive immune responses against tumors and infected cells. The pathways and cellular compartments involved in cross-presentation are unresolved and controversial. Among the cells with cross-presenting capacity, DCs are the most efficient, which was proposed to depend on prevention of endosomal acidification to block degradation of the epitopes. Contrary to this view, we show in this report that some cargoes induce strong endosomal acidification following uptake by human DCs, while others not. Moreover, processing of the tumor-associated antigen HER2/neu delivered in nanoparticles (NP) for cross-presentation of the epitope HER2/neu369-377 on HLA-A2 depended on endosomal acidification and cathepsin activity as well as proteasomes, and newly synthesized HLA class I. However, the HLA-A*0201/HER2/neu369-377 complexes were not found in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) nor in endolysosomes but in hitherto not described vesicles. The data thus indicate spatial separation of antigen processing and loading of MHC-I for cross-presentation: antigen processing occurs in the uptake compartment and the cytosol whereas MHC-I loading with peptide takes place in a distinct subcellular compartment. The findings further elucidate the cellular pathways involved in the cross-presentation of a full-length, clinically relevant tumor-associated antigen by human DCs, and the impact of the vaccine formulation on antigen processing and CD8+ T cell induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renato B Baleeiro
- Department of Dermatology; Venerology and Allergology; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin ; Berlin, Germany
| | - René Rietscher
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS); Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research; Saarland University ; Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Andrea Diedrich
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics; Kiel University ; Kiel, Germany
| | - Justyna A Czaplewska
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC); Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Jena, Germany; Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM); Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Jena, Germany
| | - Claus-Michael Lehr
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS); Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research; Saarland University; Saarbrücken, Germany; Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology; Saarland University; Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Regina Scherließ
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics; Kiel University ; Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Michael Gottschaldt
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC); Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Jena, Germany; Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM); Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Jena, Germany
| | - Peter Walden
- Department of Dermatology; Venerology and Allergology; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin ; Berlin, Germany
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48
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Grotzke JE, Cresswell P. Are ERAD components involved in cross-presentation? Mol Immunol 2015; 68:112-5. [PMID: 26005101 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2015.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Revised: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 05/03/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A long unanswered question in the antigen presentation field is how exogenous antigens cross-presented by Major Histocompatibility Complex class I (MHC-I) molecules to CD8(+) T cells are translocated into the cytosol. Here we discuss the known mechanisms involved in this process with a focus on the hypothesized role of the machinery that functions in endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD). Other potential mechanisms of antigen entry to the cytosol are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeff E Grotzke
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Peter Cresswell
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
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49
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van de Weijer ML, Luteijn RD, Wiertz EJHJ. Viral immune evasion: Lessons in MHC class I antigen presentation. Semin Immunol 2015; 27:125-37. [PMID: 25887630 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2015.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Accepted: 03/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The MHC class I antigen presentation pathway enables cells infected with intracellular pathogens to signal the presence of the invader to the immune system. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes are able to eliminate the infected cells through recognition of pathogen-derived peptides presented by MHC class I molecules at the cell surface. In the course of evolution, many viruses have acquired inhibitors that target essential stages of the MHC class I antigen presentation pathway. Studies on these immune evasion proteins reveal fascinating strategies used by viruses to elude the immune system. Viral immunoevasins also constitute great research tools that facilitate functional studies on the MHC class I antigen presentation pathway, allowing the investigation of less well understood routes, such as TAP-independent antigen presentation and cross-presentation of exogenous proteins. Viral immunoevasins have also helped to unravel more general cellular processes. For instance, basic principles of ER-associated protein degradation via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway have been resolved using virus-induced degradation of MHC class I as a model. This review highlights how viral immunoevasins have increased our understanding of MHC class I-restricted antigen presentation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rutger D Luteijn
- Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Emmanuel J H J Wiertz
- Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584CX Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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50
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Abstract
Cross-presentation designates the presentation of exogenous antigens on major histocompatibility complex class I molecules and is essential for the initiation of cytotoxic immune responses. It is now well established that dendritic cells (DCs) are the best cross-presenting cells. In this chapter, we will discuss recent advances in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of cross-presentation. We will also describe the different DC subsets identified in mouse and human, and their functional specialization for cross-presentation. Finally, we will summarize the current knowledge of the role of cross-presentation in pathological situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elodie Segura
- Institut Curie, Paris Cedex 05, France; INSERM U932, Paris Cedex 05, France.
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