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Cataldi M, Celentano C, Bencivenga L, Arcopinto M, Resnati C, Manes A, Dodani L, Comnes L, Vander Stichele R, Kalra D, Rengo G, Giallauria F, Trama U, Ferrara N, Cittadini A, Taglialatela M. Identification of Drugs Acting as Perpetrators in Common Drug Interactions in a Cohort of Geriatric Patients from Southern Italy and Analysis of the Gene Polymorphisms That Affect Their Interacting Potential. Geriatrics (Basel) 2023; 8:84. [PMID: 37736884 PMCID: PMC10514861 DOI: 10.3390/geriatrics8050084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pharmacogenomic factors affect the susceptibility to drug-drug interactions (DDI). We identified drug interaction perpetrators among the drugs prescribed to a cohort of 290 older adults and analysed the prevalence of gene polymorphisms that can increase their interacting potential. We also pinpointed clinical decision support systems (CDSSs) that incorporate pharmacogenomic factors in DDI risk evaluation. METHODS Perpetrator drugs were identified using the Drug Interactions Flockhart Table, the DRUGBANK website, and the Mayo Clinic Pharmacogenomics Association Table. Allelic variants affecting their activity were identified with the PharmVar, PharmGKB, dbSNP, ensembl and 1000 genome databases. RESULTS Amiodarone, amlodipine, atorvastatin, digoxin, esomperazole, omeprazole, pantoprazole, simvastatin and rosuvastatin were perpetrator drugs prescribed to >5% of our patients. Few allelic variants affecting their perpetrator activity showed a prevalence >2% in the European population: CYP3A4/5*22, *1G, *3, CYP2C9*2 and *3, CYP2C19*17 and *2, CYP2D6*4, *41, *5, *10 and *9 and SLC1B1*15 and *5. Few commercial CDSS include pharmacogenomic factors in DDI-risk evaluation and none of them was designed for use in older adults. CONCLUSIONS We provided a list of the allelic variants influencing the activity of drug perpetrators in older adults which should be included in pharmacogenomics-oriented CDSSs to be used in geriatric medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Cataldi
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, Federico II University of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.C.); (C.R.); (A.M.); (L.D.); (M.T.)
| | - Camilla Celentano
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, Federico II University of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.C.); (C.R.); (A.M.); (L.D.); (M.T.)
| | - Leonardo Bencivenga
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (L.B.); (M.A.); (G.R.); (F.G.); (N.F.); (A.C.)
- Gérontopôle de Toulouse, Institut du Vieillissement, CHU de Toulouse, Cité de la Santé, Place Lange, 31300 Toulouse, France
| | - Michele Arcopinto
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (L.B.); (M.A.); (G.R.); (F.G.); (N.F.); (A.C.)
| | - Chiara Resnati
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, Federico II University of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.C.); (C.R.); (A.M.); (L.D.); (M.T.)
| | - Annalaura Manes
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, Federico II University of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.C.); (C.R.); (A.M.); (L.D.); (M.T.)
| | - Loreta Dodani
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, Federico II University of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.C.); (C.R.); (A.M.); (L.D.); (M.T.)
| | - Lucia Comnes
- Datawizard, Via Salaria 719a, 00138 Rome, Italy;
| | - Robert Vander Stichele
- Heymans Institute of Pharmacology, Ghent University, C. Heymanslaan 10, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (R.V.S.); (D.K.)
- European Institute for Innovation through Health Data, c/o Department Medical Informatics and Statistics, Ghent University Hospital, C. Heymanslaan 10, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dipak Kalra
- Heymans Institute of Pharmacology, Ghent University, C. Heymanslaan 10, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (R.V.S.); (D.K.)
- European Institute for Innovation through Health Data, c/o Department Medical Informatics and Statistics, Ghent University Hospital, C. Heymanslaan 10, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Giuseppe Rengo
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (L.B.); (M.A.); (G.R.); (F.G.); (N.F.); (A.C.)
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici—ICS Maugeri S.p.A., Via Bagni Vecchi 1, 82037 Telese, Italy
| | - Francesco Giallauria
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (L.B.); (M.A.); (G.R.); (F.G.); (N.F.); (A.C.)
| | - Ugo Trama
- General Directorate for Health Protection and Coordination of the Regional Health System, Regione Campania, Centro Direzionale Is. C3, 80132 Naples, Italy;
| | - Nicola Ferrara
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (L.B.); (M.A.); (G.R.); (F.G.); (N.F.); (A.C.)
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici—ICS Maugeri S.p.A., Via Bagni Vecchi 1, 82037 Telese, Italy
| | - Antonio Cittadini
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (L.B.); (M.A.); (G.R.); (F.G.); (N.F.); (A.C.)
| | - Maurizio Taglialatela
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, Federico II University of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.C.); (C.R.); (A.M.); (L.D.); (M.T.)
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Román-Villarán E, Alvarez-Romero C, Martínez-García A, Escobar-Rodríguez GA, García-Lozano MJ, Barón-Franco B, Moreno-Gaviño L, Moreno-Conde J, Rivas-González JA, Parra-Calderón CL. A Personalized Ontology-Based Decision Support System for Complex Chronic Patients: Retrospective Observational Study. JMIR Form Res 2022; 6:e27990. [PMID: 35916719 PMCID: PMC9382545 DOI: 10.2196/27990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to an increase in life expectancy, the prevalence of chronic diseases is also on the rise. Clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) provide recommendations for suitable interventions regarding different chronic diseases, but a deficiency in the implementation of these CPGs has been identified. The PITeS-TiiSS (Telemedicine and eHealth Innovation Platform: Information Communications Technology for Research and Information Challenges in Health Services) tool, a personalized ontology-based clinical decision support system (CDSS), aims to reduce variability, prevent errors, and consider interactions between different CPG recommendations, among other benefits. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to design, develop, and validate an ontology-based CDSS that provides personalized recommendations related to drug prescription. The target population is older adult patients with chronic diseases and polypharmacy, and the goal is to reduce complications related to these types of conditions while offering integrated care. METHODS A study scenario about atrial fibrillation and treatment with anticoagulants was selected to validate the tool. After this, a series of knowledge sources were identified, including CPGs, PROFUND index, LESS/CHRON criteria, and STOPP/START criteria, to extract the information. Modeling was carried out using an ontology, and mapping was done with Health Level 7 Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (HL7 FHIR) and Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine Clinical Terms (SNOMED CT; International Health Terminology Standards Development Organisation). Once the CDSS was developed, validation was carried out by using a retrospective case study. RESULTS This project was funded in January 2015 and approved by the Virgen del Rocio University Hospital ethics committee on November 24, 2015. Two different tasks were carried out to test the functioning of the tool. First, retrospective data from a real patient who met the inclusion criteria were used. Second, the analysis of an adoption model was performed through the study of the requirements and characteristics that a CDSS must meet in order to be well accepted and used by health professionals. The results are favorable and allow the proposed research to continue to the next phase. CONCLUSIONS An ontology-based CDSS was successfully designed, developed, and validated. However, in future work, validation in a real environment should be performed to ensure the tool is usable and reliable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Román-Villarán
- Computational Health Informatics Group, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Celia Alvarez-Romero
- Computational Health Informatics Group, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Alicia Martínez-García
- Computational Health Informatics Group, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - German Antonio Escobar-Rodríguez
- Computational Health Informatics Group, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | | | - Bosco Barón-Franco
- Internal Medicine Department, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, Seville, Spain
| | | | - Jesús Moreno-Conde
- Computational Health Informatics Group, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - José Antonio Rivas-González
- Computational Health Informatics Group, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Carlos Luis Parra-Calderón
- Computational Health Informatics Group, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
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Huang J, Liang ZS, Pallotti S, Ranson JM, Llewellyn DJ, Zheng ZJ, King DA, Zhou Q, Zheng H, Napolioni V. PAGEANT: personal access to genome and analysis of natural traits. Nucleic Acids Res 2021; 50:e39. [PMID: 34928375 PMCID: PMC9023285 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkab1245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
GWASs have identified numerous genetic variants associated with a wide variety of diseases, yet despite the wide availability of genetic testing the insights that would enhance the interpretability of these results are not widely available to members of the public. As a proof of concept and demonstration of technological feasibility, we developed PAGEANT (Personal Access to Genome & Analysis of Natural Traits), usable through Graphical User Interface or command line-based version, aiming to serve as a protocol and prototype that guides the overarching design of genetic reporting tools. PAGEANT is structured across five core modules, summarized by five Qs: (i) quality assurance of the genetic data; (ii) qualitative assessment of genetic characteristics; (iii) quantitative assessment of health risk susceptibility based on polygenic risk scores and population reference; (iv) query of third-party variant databases (e.g. ClinVAR and PharmGKB) and (v) quick Response code of genetic variants of interest. Literature review was conducted to compare PAGEANT with academic and industry tools. For 2504 genomes made publicly available through the 1000 Genomes Project, we derived their genomic characteristics for a suite of qualitative and quantitative traits. One exemplary trait is susceptibility to COVID-19, based on the most up-to-date scientific findings reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Huang
- Department of Global Health, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, China.,Institute for Global Health and Development, Peking University, Beijing, China.,National Institute of Health Data Science at Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi-Sheng Liang
- Department of Global Health, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, China
| | - Stefano Pallotti
- Genetics and Animal Breeding Group, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Janice M Ranson
- College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - David J Llewellyn
- College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.,Alan Turing Institute, London, UK
| | - Zhi-Jie Zheng
- Department of Global Health, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, China
| | - Daniel A King
- Northwell Health Cancer Institute and Feinstein Institutes for Research, Lake Success, NY, USA
| | - Qiang Zhou
- Shenzhen Center for Prehospital Care, Shenzhen, China
| | - Houfeng Zheng
- Diseases & Population (DaP) Geninfo Lab., School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Valerio Napolioni
- Genomic and Molecular Epidemiology (GAME)Lab., School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
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Roosan D, Hwang A, Law AV, Chok J, Roosan MR. The inclusion of health data standards in the implementation of pharmacogenomics systems: a scoping review. Pharmacogenomics 2020; 21:1191-1202. [PMID: 33124487 DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2020-0066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Despite potential benefits, the practice of incorporating pharmacogenomics (PGx) results in clinical decisions has yet to diffuse widely. In this study, we conducted a review of recent discussions on data standards and interoperability with a focus on sharing PGx test results among health systems. Materials & methods: We conducted a literature search for PGx clinical decision support systems between 1 January 2012 and 31 January 2020. Thirty-two out of 727 articles were included for the final review. Results: Nine of the 32 articles mentioned data standards and only four of the 32 articles provided solutions for the lack of interoperability. Discussions: Although PGx interoperability is essential for widespread implementation, a lack of focus on standardized data creates a formidable challenge for health information exchange. Conclusion: Standardization of PGx data is essential to improve health information exchange and the sharing of PGx results between disparate systems. However, PGx data standards and interoperability are often not addressed in the system-level implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Don Roosan
- Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmacy Practice & Administration, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, 309 E 2nd street, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Angela Hwang
- Research Assistant, Department of Pharmacy Practice & Administration, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Anandi V Law
- Professor, Department of Pharmacy Practice & Administration, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Jay Chok
- Associate Professor, School of Applied Life Sciences, Keck Graduate Institute, Claremont Colleges, Pomona, CA 91711, USA
| | - Moom R Roosan
- Assistant Professor, School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Chapman University, Irvine, CA 92618, USA
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Hinderer M, Boeker M, Wagner SA, Lablans M, Newe S, Hülsemann JL, Neumaier M, Binder H, Renz H, Acker T, Prokosch HU, Sedlmayr M. Integrating clinical decision support systems for pharmacogenomic testing into clinical routine - a scoping review of designs of user-system interactions in recent system development. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak 2017; 17:81. [PMID: 28587608 PMCID: PMC5461630 DOI: 10.1186/s12911-017-0480-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pharmacogenomic clinical decision support systems (CDSS) have the potential to help overcome some of the barriers for translating pharmacogenomic knowledge into clinical routine. Before developing a prototype it is crucial for developers to know which pharmacogenomic CDSS features and user-system interactions have yet been developed, implemented and tested in previous pharmacogenomic CDSS efforts and if they have been successfully applied. We address this issue by providing an overview of the designs of user-system interactions of recently developed pharmacogenomic CDSS. Methods We searched PubMed for pharmacogenomic CDSS published between January 1, 2012 and November 15, 2016. Thirty-two out of 118 identified articles were summarized and included in the final analysis. We then compared the designs of user-system interactions of the 20 pharmacogenomic CDSS we had identified. Results Alerts are the most widespread tools for physician-system interactions, but need to be implemented carefully to prevent alert fatigue and avoid liabilities. Pharmacogenomic test results and override reasons stored in the local EHR might help communicate pharmacogenomic information to other internal care providers. Integrating patients into user-system interactions through patient letters and online portals might be crucial for transferring pharmacogenomic data to external health care providers. Inbox messages inform physicians about new pharmacogenomic test results and enable them to request pharmacogenomic consultations. Search engines enable physicians to compare medical treatment options based on a patient’s genotype. Conclusions Within the last 5 years, several pharmacogenomic CDSS have been developed. However, most of the included articles are solely describing prototypes of pharmacogenomic CDSS rather than evaluating them. To support the development of prototypes further evaluation efforts will be necessary. In the future, pharmacogenomic CDSS will likely include prediction models to identify patients who are suitable for preemptive genotyping. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12911-017-0480-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Hinderer
- Medical Informatics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Wetterkreuz 13, 91058, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Martin Boeker
- Medical Informatics, Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian A Wagner
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Martin Lablans
- Medical Informatics in Translational Oncology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stephanie Newe
- Medical Informatics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Wetterkreuz 13, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Michael Neumaier
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Harald Binder
- Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Harald Renz
- University of Marburg, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Marburg, Germany
| | - Till Acker
- Institute of Neuropathology, University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Hans-Ulrich Prokosch
- Medical Informatics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Wetterkreuz 13, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Martin Sedlmayr
- Medical Informatics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Wetterkreuz 13, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
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Hinderer M, Boeker M, Wagner SA, Binder H, Ückert F, Newe S, Hülsemann JL, Neumaier M, Schade-Brittinger C, Acker T, Prokosch HU, Sedlmayr B. The experience of physicians in pharmacogenomic clinical decision support within eight German university hospitals. Pharmacogenomics 2017; 18:773-785. [PMID: 28593816 DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2017-0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the physicians’ attitude, their knowledge and their experience in pharmacogenomic clinical decision support in German hospitals. Materials & methods: We conducted an online survey to address physicians of 13 different medical specialties across eight German university hospitals. In total, 564 returned questionnaires were analyzed. Results: The remaining knowledge gap, the uncertainty of test reimbursement and the physicians’ lack of awareness of existing pharmacogenomic clinical decision support systems (CDSS) are the major barriers for implementing pharmacogenomic CDSS into German hospitals. Furthermore, pharmacogenomic CDSS are most effective in the form of real-time decision support for internists. Conclusion: Physicians in German hospitals require additional education of both genetics and pharmacogenomics. They need to be provided with access to relevant pharmacogenomic CDSS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Hinderer
- Chair of Medical Informatics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Martin Boeker
- Faculty of Medicine & Medical Center, Institute of Medical Biometry & Statistics, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian A Wagner
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Harald Binder
- Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology & Informatics (IMBEI), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Frank Ückert
- Department of Medical Informatics, Division of Translational Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stephanie Newe
- Chair of Medical Informatics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jan L Hülsemann
- Medical Directorate, University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Michael Neumaier
- Medical Faculty Mannheim, Institute for Clinical Chemistry, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - Till Acker
- Institute of Neuropathology, University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Hans-Ulrich Prokosch
- Chair of Medical Informatics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Brita Sedlmayr
- Chair of Medical Informatics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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Abstract
After decades of discovery, inherited variations have been identified in approximately 20 genes that affect about 80 medications and are actionable in the clinic. And some somatically acquired genetic variants direct the choice of 'targeted' anticancer drugs for individual patients. Current efforts that focus on the processes required to appropriately act on pharmacogenomic variability in the clinic are moving away from discovery and towards implementation of an evidenced-based strategy for improving the use of medications, thereby providing a cornerstone for precision medicine.
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Blagec K, Romagnoli KM, Boyce RD, Samwald M. Examining perceptions of the usefulness and usability of a mobile-based system for pharmacogenomics clinical decision support: a mixed methods study. PeerJ 2016; 4:e1671. [PMID: 26925317 PMCID: PMC4768706 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.1671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Pharmacogenomic testing has the potential to improve the safety and efficacy of pharmacotherapy, but clinical application of pharmacogenetic knowledge has remained uncommon. Clinical Decision Support (CDS) systems could help overcome some of the barriers to clinical implementation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the perception and usability of a web- and mobile-enabled CDS system for pharmacogenetics-guided drug therapy–the Medication Safety Code (MSC) system–among potential users (i.e., physicians and pharmacists). Furthermore, this study sought to collect data on the practicability and comprehensibility of potential layouts of a proposed personalized pocket card that is intended to not only contain the machine-readable data for use with the MSC system but also human-readable data on the patient’s pharmacogenomic profile. Methods. We deployed an emergent mixed methods design encompassing (1) qualitative interviews with pharmacists and pharmacy students, (2) a survey among pharmacogenomics experts that included both qualitative and quantitative elements and (3) a quantitative survey among physicians and pharmacists. The interviews followed a semi-structured guide including a hypothetical patient scenario that had to be solved by using the MSC system. The survey among pharmacogenomics experts focused on what information should be printed on the card and how this information should be arranged. Furthermore, the MSC system was evaluated based on two hypothetical patient scenarios and four follow-up questions on the perceived usability. The second survey assessed physicians’ and pharmacists’ attitude towards the MSC system. Results. In total, 101 physicians, pharmacists and PGx experts coming from various relevant fields evaluated the MSC system. Overall, the reaction to the MSC system was positive across all investigated parameters and among all user groups. The majority of participants were able to solve the patient scenarios based on the recommendations displayed on the MSC interface. A frequent request among participants was to provide specific listings of alternative drugs and concrete dosage instructions. Negligence of other patient-specific factors for choosing the right treatment such as renal function and co-medication was a common concern related to the MSC system, while data privacy and cost-benefit considerations emerged as the participants’ major concerns regarding pharmacogenetic testing in general. The results of the card layout evaluation indicate that a gene-centered and tabulated presentation of the patient’s pharmacogenomic profile is helpful and well-accepted. Conclusions. We found that the MSC system was well-received among the physicians and pharmacists included in this study. A personalized pocket card that lists a patient’s metabolizer status along with critically affected drugs can alert physicians and pharmacists to the availability of essential therapy modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Blagec
- Center for Medical Statistics, Informatics, and Intelligent Systems, Medical University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria
| | - Katrina M Romagnoli
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania , United States
| | - Richard D Boyce
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania , United States
| | - Matthias Samwald
- Center for Medical Statistics, Informatics, and Intelligent Systems, Medical University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To summarize recent research and propose a selection of best papers published in 2014 in the field of computerized clinical decision support for the Decision Support section of the IMIA yearbook. METHOD A literature review was performed by searching two bibliographic databases for papers related to clinical decision support systems (CDSSs) and computerized provider order entry systems in order to select a list of candidate best papers to be then peer-reviewed by external reviewers. A consensus meeting between the two section editors and the editorial team was finally organized to conclude on the selection of best papers. RESULTS Among the 1,254 returned papers published in 2014, the full review process selected four best papers. The first one is an experimental contribution to a better understanding of unintended uses of CDSSs. The second paper describes the effective use of previously collected data to tailor and adapt a CDSS. The third paper presents an innovative application that uses pharmacogenomic information to support personalized medicine. The fourth paper reports on the long-term effect of the routine use of a CDSS for antibiotic therapy. CONCLUSIONS As health information technologies spread more and more meaningfully, CDSSs are improving to answer users' needs more accurately. The exploitation of previously collected data and the use of genomic data for decision support has started to materialize. However, more work is still needed to address issues related to the correct usage of such technologies, and to assess their effective impact in the long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Bouaud
- Dr Jacques Bouaud, LIMICS - INSERM U1142, Campus des Cordeliers, 15, rue de l'école de médecine, 75006 Paris, France, Tél. +33 1 44 27 92 10, E-mail:
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Smith B, Arabandi S, Brochhausen M, Calhoun M, Ciccarese P, Doyle S, Gibaud B, Goldberg I, Kahn CE, Overton J, Tomaszewski J, Gurcan M. Biomedical imaging ontologies: A survey and proposal for future work. J Pathol Inform 2015; 6:37. [PMID: 26167381 PMCID: PMC4485195 DOI: 10.4103/2153-3539.159214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Ontology is one strategy for promoting interoperability of heterogeneous data through consistent tagging. An ontology is a controlled structured vocabulary consisting of general terms (such as “cell” or “image” or “tissue” or “microscope”) that form the basis for such tagging. These terms are designed to represent the types of entities in the domain of reality that the ontology has been devised to capture; the terms are provided with logical definitions thereby also supporting reasoning over the tagged data. Aim: This paper provides a survey of the biomedical imaging ontologies that have been developed thus far. It outlines the challenges, particularly faced by ontologies in the fields of histopathological imaging and image analysis, and suggests a strategy for addressing these challenges in the example domain of quantitative histopathology imaging. Results and Conclusions: The ultimate goal is to support the multiscale understanding of disease that comes from using interoperable ontologies to integrate imaging data with clinical and genomics data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barry Smith
- Department of Philosophy, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA
| | | | - Mathias Brochhausen
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Michael Calhoun
- Department of Health and Human Performance, Elon University, Elon, NC 27244, USA
| | - Paolo Ciccarese
- Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, PerkinElmer Innovation Labs, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Scott Doyle
- Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | - Bernard Gibaud
- Laboratoire du Traitement du Signal et de l'Image (LTSI), Inserm Unit 1099, University of Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | - Ilya Goldberg
- National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Charles E Kahn
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | | | - John Tomaszewski
- Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | - Metin Gurcan
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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Smartphone applications with sensors used in a tertiary hospital-current status and future challenges. SENSORS 2015; 15:9854-69. [PMID: 25923933 PMCID: PMC4481990 DOI: 10.3390/s150509854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Revised: 04/13/2015] [Accepted: 04/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Smartphones have been widely used recently to monitor heart rate and activity, since they have the necessary processing power, non-invasive and cost-effective sensors, and wireless communication capabilities. Consequently, healthcare applications (apps) using smartphone-based sensors have been highlighted for non-invasive physiological monitoring. In addition, several healthcare apps have received FDA clearance. However, in spite of their potential, healthcare apps with smartphone-based sensors are mostly used outside of hospitals and have not been widely adopted for patient care in hospitals until recently. In this paper, we describe the experience of using smartphone apps with sensors in a large medical center in Korea. Among >20 apps developed in our medical center, four were extensively analyzed ("My Cancer Diary", "Point-of-Care HIV Check", "Blood Culture" and "mAMIS"), since they use smartphone-based sensors such as the camera and barcode reader to enter data into the electronic health record system. By analyzing the usage patterns of these apps for data entry with sensors, the current limitations of smartphone-based sensors in a clinical setting, hurdles against adoption in the medical center, benefits of smartphone-based sensors and potential future research directions could be evaluated.
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13
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Samwald M, Miñarro Giménez JA, Boyce RD, Freimuth RR, Adlassnig KP, Dumontier M. Pharmacogenomic knowledge representation, reasoning and genome-based clinical decision support based on OWL 2 DL ontologies. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak 2015; 15:12. [PMID: 25880555 PMCID: PMC4340468 DOI: 10.1186/s12911-015-0130-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Every year, hundreds of thousands of patients experience treatment failure or adverse drug reactions (ADRs), many of which could be prevented by pharmacogenomic testing. However, the primary knowledge needed for clinical pharmacogenomics is currently dispersed over disparate data structures and captured in unstructured or semi-structured formalizations. This is a source of potential ambiguity and complexity, making it difficult to create reliable information technology systems for enabling clinical pharmacogenomics. METHODS We developed Web Ontology Language (OWL) ontologies and automated reasoning methodologies to meet the following goals: 1) provide a simple and concise formalism for representing pharmacogenomic knowledge, 2) finde errors and insufficient definitions in pharmacogenomic knowledge bases, 3) automatically assign alleles and phenotypes to patients, 4) match patients to clinically appropriate pharmacogenomic guidelines and clinical decision support messages and 5) facilitate the detection of inconsistencies and overlaps between pharmacogenomic treatment guidelines from different sources. We evaluated different reasoning systems and test our approach with a large collection of publicly available genetic profiles. RESULTS Our methodology proved to be a novel and useful choice for representing, analyzing and using pharmacogenomic data. The Genomic Clinical Decision Support (Genomic CDS) ontology represents 336 SNPs with 707 variants; 665 haplotypes related to 43 genes; 22 rules related to drug-response phenotypes; and 308 clinical decision support rules. OWL reasoning identified CDS rules with overlapping target populations but differing treatment recommendations. Only a modest number of clinical decision support rules were triggered for a collection of 943 public genetic profiles. We found significant performance differences across available OWL reasoners. CONCLUSIONS The ontology-based framework we developed can be used to represent, organize and reason over the growing wealth of pharmacogenomic knowledge, as well as to identify errors, inconsistencies and insufficient definitions in source data sets or individual patient data. Our study highlights both advantages and potential practical issues with such an ontology-based approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Samwald
- Center for Medical Statistics, Informatics, and Intelligent Systems, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Jose Antonio Miñarro Giménez
- Center for Medical Statistics, Informatics, and Intelligent Systems, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, 1090, Vienna, Austria.,Institute of Medical Informatics, Statistics, and Documentation; Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 2, 8036, Graz, Austria
| | - Richard D Boyce
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh, 5607 Baum Blvd, Suite 419, Pittsburgh, PA, 15206-3701, USA
| | - Robert R Freimuth
- Department of Health Sciences Research; Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Klaus-Peter Adlassnig
- Center for Medical Statistics, Informatics, and Intelligent Systems, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, 1090, Vienna, Austria.,Medexter Healthcare GmbH, Borschkegasse 7/5, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michel Dumontier
- Stanford Center for Biomedical Informatics Research, Stanford University, 1265 Welch Road, Stanford, CA, 94305-5479, USA
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