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Hu Z, Wu Y, Zhou M, Wang X, Pang J, Li Z, Feng M, Wang Y, Hu Q, Zhao J, Liu X, Wu L, Liang D. Generation of reporter hESCs by targeting EGFP at the CD144 locus to facilitate the endothelial differentiation. Dev Growth Differ 2018; 60:205-215. [PMID: 29696633 DOI: 10.1111/dgd.12433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Reporter embryonic stem cell (ESC) lines with tissue-specific reporter genes may contribute to optimizing the differentiation conditions in vitro as well as trafficking transplanted cells in vivo. To optimize and monitor endothelial cell (EC) differentiation specifically, here we targeted the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) reporter gene at the junction of 5'UTR and exon2 of the endothelial specific marker gene CD144 using TALENs in human ESCs (H9) to generate a EGFP-CD144-reporter ESC line. The reporter cells expressed EGFP and CD144 increasingly and specifically without unexpected effects during the EC differentiation. The EC differentiation protocol was optimized and applied to EC differentiation from hiPSCs, resulting in an efficient and simplified endothelial differentiation approach. Here we created our own optimized and robust protocol for EC differentiation of hESCs and hiPSCs by generating the lineage-specific site-specific integration reporter cell lines, showing great potential to be applied in the fields such as trafficking gene and cell fate in vivo in preclinical animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqing Hu
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yong Wu
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Miaojin Zhou
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaolin Wang
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jialun Pang
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhuo Li
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Mai Feng
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yanchi Wang
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qian Hu
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Junya Zhao
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xionghao Liu
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lingqian Wu
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Desheng Liang
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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5
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Chaston DJ, Haddock RE, Howitt L, Morton SK, Brown RD, Matthaei KI, Hill CE. Perturbation of chemical coupling by an endothelial Cx40 mutant attenuates endothelium-dependent vasodilation by KCa channels and elevates blood pressure in mice. Pflugers Arch 2015; 467:1997-2009. [PMID: 25369777 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-014-1640-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Revised: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Mutant forms of connexin40 (Cx40) exist in the human population and predispose carriers to atrial fibrillation. Since endothelial expression of Cx40 is important for electrical and chemical communication within the arterial wall, carriers of mutant Cx40 proteins may be predisposed to peripheral arterial dysfunction and dysregulation of blood pressure. We have therefore studied mice expressing either a chemically dysfunctional mutant, Cx40T202S, or wild-type Cx40, with native Cx40, specifically in the endothelium. Blood pressure was measured by telemetry under normal conditions and during cardiovascular stress induced by locomotor activity, phenylephrine or nitric oxide blockade (N(ɷ)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydroxide, L-NAME). Blood pressure of Cx40T202STg mice was significantly elevated at night when compared with wild-type or Cx40Tg mice, without change in mean heart rate, pulse pressure or locomotor activity. Analysis over 24 h showed that blood pressure of Cx40T202STg mice was significantly elevated at rest and additionally during locomotor activity. In contrast, neither plasma renin concentration nor pressor responses to phenylephrine or L-NAME were altered, the latter indicating that nitric oxide bioavailability was normal. In isolated, pressurised mesenteric arteries, hyperpolarisation and vasodilation evoked by SKA-31, the selective modulator of SKCa and IKCa channels, was significantly reduced in Cx40T202STg mice, due to attenuation of the SKCa component. Acetylcholine-induced ascending vasodilation in vivo was also significantly attenuated in cremaster muscle arterioles of Cx40T202STg mice, compared to wild-type and Cx40Tg mice. We conclude that endothelial expression of the chemically dysfunctional Cx40T202S reduces peripheral vasodilator capacity mediated by SKCa-dependent hyperpolarisation and also increases blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Chaston
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 0200, Australia
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6
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Morton SK, Chaston DJ, Howitt L, Heisler J, Nicholson BJ, Fairweather S, Bröer S, Ashton AW, Matthaei KI, Hill CE. Loss of functional endothelial connexin40 results in exercise-induced hypertension in mice. Hypertension 2015; 65:662-9. [PMID: 25547341 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.114.04578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
During activity, coordinated vasodilation of microcirculatory networks with upstream supply vessels increases blood flow to skeletal and cardiac muscles and reduces peripheral resistance. Endothelial dysfunction in humans attenuates activity-dependent vasodilation, resulting in exercise-induced hypertension in otherwise normotensive individuals. Underpinning activity-dependent hyperemia is an ascending vasodilation in which the endothelial gap junction protein, connexin (Cx)40, plays an essential role. Because exercise-induced hypertension is proposed as a forerunner to clinical hypertension, we hypothesized that endothelial disruption of Cx40 function in mice may create an animal model of this condition. To this end, we created mice in which a mutant Cx40T152A was expressed alongside wildtype Cx40 selectively in the endothelium. Expression of the Cx40T152A transgene in Xenopus oocytes and mouse coronary endothelial cells in vitro impaired both electric and chemical conductance and acted as a dominant-negative against wildtype Cx40, Cx43, and Cx45, but not Cx37. Endothelial expression of Cx40T152A in Cx40T152ATg mice attenuated ascending vasodilation, without effect on radial coupling through myoendothelial gap junctions. Using radiotelemetry, Cx40T152ATg mice showed an activity-dependent increase in blood pressure, which was significantly greater than in wildtype mice, but significantly less than in chronically hypertensive, Cx40knockout mice. The increase in heart rate with activity was also greater than in wildtype or Cx40knockout mice. We conclude that the endothelial Cx40T152A mutation attenuates activity-dependent vasodilation, producing a model of exercise-induced hypertension. These data highlight the importance of endothelial coupling through Cx40 in regulating blood pressure during activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan K Morton
- From the Eccles Institute of Neuroscience (S.K.M, D.J.C., L.H., C.E.H.) and Department of Molecular Bioscience (K.I.M.), The John Curtin School of Medical Research and Division of Biomedical Science and Biochemistry, Research School of Biology (S.F., S.B.), The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia; Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Health Sciences Centre, San Antonio, Texas (J.H., B.J.N.); and Division of Perinatal Research, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia (A.W.A.)
| | - Daniel J Chaston
- From the Eccles Institute of Neuroscience (S.K.M, D.J.C., L.H., C.E.H.) and Department of Molecular Bioscience (K.I.M.), The John Curtin School of Medical Research and Division of Biomedical Science and Biochemistry, Research School of Biology (S.F., S.B.), The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia; Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Health Sciences Centre, San Antonio, Texas (J.H., B.J.N.); and Division of Perinatal Research, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia (A.W.A.)
| | - Lauren Howitt
- From the Eccles Institute of Neuroscience (S.K.M, D.J.C., L.H., C.E.H.) and Department of Molecular Bioscience (K.I.M.), The John Curtin School of Medical Research and Division of Biomedical Science and Biochemistry, Research School of Biology (S.F., S.B.), The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia; Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Health Sciences Centre, San Antonio, Texas (J.H., B.J.N.); and Division of Perinatal Research, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia (A.W.A.)
| | - Jillian Heisler
- From the Eccles Institute of Neuroscience (S.K.M, D.J.C., L.H., C.E.H.) and Department of Molecular Bioscience (K.I.M.), The John Curtin School of Medical Research and Division of Biomedical Science and Biochemistry, Research School of Biology (S.F., S.B.), The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia; Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Health Sciences Centre, San Antonio, Texas (J.H., B.J.N.); and Division of Perinatal Research, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia (A.W.A.)
| | - Bruce J Nicholson
- From the Eccles Institute of Neuroscience (S.K.M, D.J.C., L.H., C.E.H.) and Department of Molecular Bioscience (K.I.M.), The John Curtin School of Medical Research and Division of Biomedical Science and Biochemistry, Research School of Biology (S.F., S.B.), The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia; Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Health Sciences Centre, San Antonio, Texas (J.H., B.J.N.); and Division of Perinatal Research, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia (A.W.A.)
| | - Stephen Fairweather
- From the Eccles Institute of Neuroscience (S.K.M, D.J.C., L.H., C.E.H.) and Department of Molecular Bioscience (K.I.M.), The John Curtin School of Medical Research and Division of Biomedical Science and Biochemistry, Research School of Biology (S.F., S.B.), The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia; Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Health Sciences Centre, San Antonio, Texas (J.H., B.J.N.); and Division of Perinatal Research, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia (A.W.A.)
| | - Stefan Bröer
- From the Eccles Institute of Neuroscience (S.K.M, D.J.C., L.H., C.E.H.) and Department of Molecular Bioscience (K.I.M.), The John Curtin School of Medical Research and Division of Biomedical Science and Biochemistry, Research School of Biology (S.F., S.B.), The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia; Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Health Sciences Centre, San Antonio, Texas (J.H., B.J.N.); and Division of Perinatal Research, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia (A.W.A.)
| | - Anthony W Ashton
- From the Eccles Institute of Neuroscience (S.K.M, D.J.C., L.H., C.E.H.) and Department of Molecular Bioscience (K.I.M.), The John Curtin School of Medical Research and Division of Biomedical Science and Biochemistry, Research School of Biology (S.F., S.B.), The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia; Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Health Sciences Centre, San Antonio, Texas (J.H., B.J.N.); and Division of Perinatal Research, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia (A.W.A.)
| | - Klaus I Matthaei
- From the Eccles Institute of Neuroscience (S.K.M, D.J.C., L.H., C.E.H.) and Department of Molecular Bioscience (K.I.M.), The John Curtin School of Medical Research and Division of Biomedical Science and Biochemistry, Research School of Biology (S.F., S.B.), The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia; Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Health Sciences Centre, San Antonio, Texas (J.H., B.J.N.); and Division of Perinatal Research, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia (A.W.A.)
| | - Caryl E Hill
- From the Eccles Institute of Neuroscience (S.K.M, D.J.C., L.H., C.E.H.) and Department of Molecular Bioscience (K.I.M.), The John Curtin School of Medical Research and Division of Biomedical Science and Biochemistry, Research School of Biology (S.F., S.B.), The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia; Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Health Sciences Centre, San Antonio, Texas (J.H., B.J.N.); and Division of Perinatal Research, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia (A.W.A.).
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