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Abstract
Animal disease models contribute to a better understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms of human and animal diseases and help develop treatments for them. Ligation of the rat iliac arteries
is performed to reproduce erectile dysfunction and peripheral arterial disease. Although knowledge of the ramification of branches from the rat iliac artery is important to perform such
surgery, descriptions in previous studies are insufficient. Therefore, 17 male and 18 female Wistar rats were observed to elucidate the detailed ramification patterns of branches from the
iliac arteries with the latex injection method. The iliac arteries branched off the umbilical, cranial gluteal, lateral and medial circumflex femoral, external pudendal, and caudal
epigastric arteries, and the common trunk of the caudal gluteal and internal pudendal arteries. The branching pattern of the umbilical, cranial and caudal gluteal, and internal pudendal
arteries varied greatly and was categorized as Types 1 to 3 based on the number of branching levels along the proximodistal axis of the iliac arteries. Based on the same criteria, the
ramification patterns of the lateral and medial circumflex femoral arteries were also divided into Groups 1 and 2. The external pudendal and caudal epigastric arteries originated from the
external iliac artery mainly as a common trunk or less frequently as independent arteries in this order. The detailed branching patterns of the rat iliac arteries elucidated in the present
study are beneficial for the refinement of surgical procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuhito Kigata
- Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty and Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan.,Department of Basic Veterinary Science, United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Gifu 501-5766, Japan
| | - Hideshi Shibata
- Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty and Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan.,Department of Basic Veterinary Science, United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Gifu 501-5766, Japan
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Comparison of two cannulation methods for assessment of intracavernosal pressure in a rat model. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0193543. [PMID: 29486011 PMCID: PMC5828359 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0193543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracavernous pressure (ICP) measurement is a well-established technique for assessing the erectile function, which was performed by cannulating either crus or shaft of the penis. However, there are no studies concerning the experimental performance of the two cannulation sites yet. The aim of this study was to compare the measuring outcomes using two different cannulation sites. To validate the capacity of our study, both normal and the castration-induced erectile dysfunction rat models were conducted. Fifty adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized equally into two groups: an intact group and a castration group. Five rats from each group firstly underwent different stimulation parameters to detect the optimal erectile responses. The residual rats in each group were further assigned into two subgroups (n = 10 per subgroup) according to two different cannulation sites (crus or shaft of the corpus cavernosum). The ICP values were compared between groups after different interventions. The optimal parameters for mean maximum ICP were recorded at 2.5V and a frequency of 15 Hz. The rats under the two different cannulation sites tended to show similar ICP values in both the intact and the castration groups. However, the success rate in monitoring ICP was significantly higher in the groups cannulating into the shaft of the penis compared to the crus (100% vs. 70%; P = 0.02). Our data suggested that the method of cannulation into the penile shaft could serve as a better alternative for the ICP measurement in rats.
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Fu G, Qin B, Jiang L, Huang X, Lu Q, Zhang D, Liu X, Zhu J, Zheng J, Li X, Gu L. Penile erectile dysfunction after brachial plexus root avulsion injury in rats. Neural Regen Res 2014; 9:1839-43. [PMID: 25422647 PMCID: PMC4239775 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.143432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Our previous studies have demonstrated that some male patients suffering from brachial plexus injury, particularly brachial plexus root avulsion, show erectile dysfunction to varying degrees. However, the underlying mechanism remains poorly understood. In this study, we evaluated the erectile function after establishing brachial plexus root avulsion models with or without spinal cord injury in rats. After these models were established, we administered apomorphine (via a subcutaneous injection in the neck) to observe changes in erectile function. Rats subjected to simple brachial plexus root avulsion or those subjected to brachial plexus root avulsion combined with spinal cord injury had significantly fewer erections than those subjected to the sham operation. Expression of neuronal nitric oxide synthase did not change in brachial plexus root avulsion rats. However, neuronal nitric oxide synthase expression was significantly decreased in brachial plexus root avulsion + spinal cord injury rats. These findings suggest that a decrease in neuronal nitric oxide synthase expression in the penis may play a role in erectile dysfunction caused by the combination of brachial plexus root avulsion and spinal cord injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo Fu
- Department of Orthopedic Trauma & Microsurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Bengang Qin
- Department of Orthopedic Trauma & Microsurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Li Jiang
- Orthopedic Institute, Eastern Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xijun Huang
- Department of Upper Limb Orthopedics, Eastern Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Qinsen Lu
- Emergency Department, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Dechun Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, the Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College, Binzhou, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiaolin Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Trauma & Microsurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jiakai Zhu
- Department of Orthopedic Trauma & Microsurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jianwen Zheng
- Department of Orthopedic Trauma & Microsurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xuejia Li
- Office of Research Service, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Liqiang Gu
- Department of Orthopedic Trauma & Microsurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
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