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Raza A, Mohsin S, Saeed F, Ali SA, Chotani MA. Inhibiting Intracellular α 2C-Adrenoceptor Surface Translocation Using Decoy Peptides: Identification of an Essential Role of the C-Terminus in Receptor Trafficking. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17558. [PMID: 38139390 PMCID: PMC10744278 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The G protein-coupled α2-adrenoceptor subtype C (abbreviated α2C-AR) has been implicated in peripheral vascular conditions and diseases such as cold feet-hands, Raynaud's phenomenon, and scleroderma, contributing to morbidity and mortality. Microvascular α2C-adrenoceptors are expressed in specialized smooth muscle cells and mediate constriction under physiological conditions and the occlusion of blood supply involving vasospastic episodes and tissue damage under pathological conditions. A crucial step for receptor biological activity is the cell surface trafficking of intracellular receptors, triggered by cAMP-Epac-Rap1A GTPase signaling, which involves protein-protein association with the actin-binding protein filamin-2, mediated by critical amino acid residues in the last 14 amino acids of the receptor carboxyl (C)-terminus. This study assessed the role of the C-terminus in Rap1A GTPase coupled receptor trafficking by domain-swapping studies using recombinant tagged receptors in transient co-transfections and compared with wild-type receptors using immunofluorescence microscopy. We further tested the biological relevance of the α2C-AR C-terminus, when introduced as competitor peptides, to selectively inhibit intracellular α2C-AR surface translocation in transfected as well as in microvascular smooth muscle cells expressing endogenous receptors. These studies contribute to establishing proof of principle to target intracellular α2C-adrenoceptors to reduce biological activity, which in clinical conditions can be a target for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisha Raza
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research (PCMD), International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; (A.R.); (S.M.); (F.S.)
| | - Saima Mohsin
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research (PCMD), International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; (A.R.); (S.M.); (F.S.)
| | - Fasiha Saeed
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research (PCMD), International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; (A.R.); (S.M.); (F.S.)
| | - Syed Abid Ali
- Husein Ebrahim Jamal (H.E.J.) Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan;
| | - Maqsood A. Chotani
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research (PCMD), International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; (A.R.); (S.M.); (F.S.)
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The Nucleoside Adenosine Inhibits Intracellular Microvascular α2C-Adrenoceptor Surface Trafficking. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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3
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Bandaru S, Ala C, Zhou AX, Akyürek LM. Filamin A Regulates Cardiovascular Remodeling. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126555. [PMID: 34207234 PMCID: PMC8235345 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Filamin A (FLNA) is a large actin-binding cytoskeletal protein that is important for cell motility by stabilizing actin networks and integrating them with cell membranes. Interestingly, a C-terminal fragment of FLNA can be cleaved off by calpain to stimulate adaptive angiogenesis by transporting multiple transcription factors into the nucleus. Recently, increasing evidence suggests that FLNA participates in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, in which the interaction of FLNA with transcription factors and/or cell signaling molecules dictate the function of vascular cells. Localized FLNA mutations associate with cardiovascular malformations in humans. A lack of FLNA in experimental animal models disrupts cell migration during embryogenesis and causes anomalies, including heart and vessels, similar to human malformations. More recently, it was shown that FLNA mediates the progression of myocardial infarction and atherosclerosis. Thus, these latest findings identify FLNA as an important novel mediator of cardiovascular development and remodeling, and thus a potential target for therapy. In this update, we summarized the literature on filamin biology with regard to cardiovascular cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sashidar Bandaru
- Division of Clinical Pathology, Sahlgrenska Academy Hospital, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden;
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden; (C.A.); (A.-X.Z.)
| | - Chandu Ala
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden; (C.A.); (A.-X.Z.)
| | - Alex-Xianghua Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden; (C.A.); (A.-X.Z.)
| | - Levent M. Akyürek
- Division of Clinical Pathology, Sahlgrenska Academy Hospital, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden;
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden; (C.A.); (A.-X.Z.)
- Correspondence:
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Solanki AK, Panwar D, Kaushik H, Garg LC. Molecular docking analysis of P2X7 receptor with the beta toxin from Clostridium perfringens. Bioinformation 2020; 16:594-601. [PMID: 33214747 PMCID: PMC7649019 DOI: 10.6026/97320630016594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Clostridium perfringens beta-toxin (CPB) is linked to necrotic enteritis (over proliferation of bacteria) in several species showing cytotoxic effect on primary porcine endothelial and human precursor immune cells. P2X7 receptor on THP-1 cells is known to bind CPB. This is critical to understand the mechanism of pore formation for effective drug design. The structure of CPB and P2X7 receptor proteins were modeled using standard molecular modeling procedures (I-TASSER and Robetta server). This is followed by protein-protein docking (HADDOCK server) to study their molecular interaction. Interacting residues (19 residues from CPB and 21 residues from P2X7) were identified using the PISA server. Thus, we document the molecular docking analysis of P2X7 receptor with the beta toxin from Clostridium perfringens towards drug design and development of drugs to control necrotic enteritis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Deepak Panwar
- National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi - 110067, India
| | - Himani Kaushik
- National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi - 110067, India
| | - Lalit C Garg
- National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi - 110067, India
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5
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Structure and Function of Filamin C in the Muscle Z-Disc. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21082696. [PMID: 32295012 PMCID: PMC7216277 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21082696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Filamin C (FLNC) is one of three filamin proteins (Filamin A (FLNA), Filamin B (FLNB), and FLNC) that cross-link actin filaments and interact with numerous binding partners. FLNC consists of a N-terminal actin-binding domain followed by 24 immunoglobulin-like repeats with two intervening calpain-sensitive hinges separating R15 and R16 (hinge 1) and R23 and R24 (hinge-2). The FLNC subunit is dimerized through R24 and calpain cleaves off the dimerization domain to regulate mobility of the FLNC subunit. FLNC is localized in the Z-disc due to the unique insertion of 82 amino acid residues in repeat 20 and necessary for normal Z-disc formation that connect sarcomeres. Since phosphorylation of FLNC by PKC diminishes the calpain sensitivity, assembly, and disassembly of the Z-disc may be regulated by phosphorylation of FLNC. Mutations of FLNC result in cardiomyopathy and muscle weakness. Although this review will focus on the current understanding of FLNC structure and functions in muscle, we will also discuss other filamins because they share high sequence similarity and are better characterized. We will also discuss a possible role of FLNC as a mechanosensor during muscle contraction.
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Wang J, Miao Y. Recent advances in computational studies of GPCR-G protein interactions. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2019; 116:397-419. [PMID: 31036298 PMCID: PMC6986689 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2018.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Protein-protein interactions are key in cellular signaling. G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), the largest superfamily of human membrane proteins, are able to transduce extracellular signals (e.g., hormones and neurotransmitters) to intracellular proteins, in particular the G proteins. Since GPCRs serve as primary targets of ~1/3 of currently marketed drugs, it is important to understand mechanisms of GPCR signaling in order to design selective and potent drug molecules. This chapter focuses on recent advances in computational studies of the GPCR-G protein interactions using bioinformatics, protein-protein docking and molecular dynamics simulation approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinan Wang
- Center for Computational Biology and Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States
| | - Yinglong Miao
- Center for Computational Biology and Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States.
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Rawal L, Panwar D, Ali S. Intermolecular Interactions Between DMα and DMβ Proteins in BuLA‐DM Complex of Water Buffalo
Bubalus bubalis. J Cell Biochem 2017; 118:4254-4266. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Leena Rawal
- Molecular Genetics LaboratoryNational Institute of ImmunologyAruna Asaf Ali MargDelhi‐110067India
| | - Deepak Panwar
- Molecular Genetics LaboratoryNational Institute of ImmunologyAruna Asaf Ali MargDelhi‐110067India
- Department of ZoologyUniversity of DelhiDelhi‐110007India
| | - Sher Ali
- Molecular Genetics LaboratoryNational Institute of ImmunologyAruna Asaf Ali MargDelhi‐110067India
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic SciencesJamia Millia IslamiaDelhi‐110025India
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Fardoun MM, Nassif J, Issa K, Baydoun E, Eid AH. Raynaud's Phenomenon: A Brief Review of the Underlying Mechanisms. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:438. [PMID: 27899893 PMCID: PMC5110514 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Raynaud’s phenomenon (RP) is characterized by exaggerated cold-induced vasoconstriction. This augmented vasoconstriction occurs by virtue of a reflex response to cooling via the sympathetic nervous system as well as by local activation of α2C adrenoceptors (α2C-AR). In a cold-initiated, mitochondrion-mediated mechanism involving reactive oxygen species and the Rho/ROCK pathway, cytoskeletal rearrangement in vascular smooth muscle cells orchestrates the translocation of α2C-AR to the cell membrane, where this receptor readily interacts with its ligand. Different parameters are involved in this spatial and functional rescue of α2C-AR. Of notable relevance is the female hormone, 17β-estradiol, or estrogen. This is consistent with the high prevalence of RP in premenopausal women compared to age-matched males. In addition to dissecting the role of these various players, the contribution of pollution as well as genetic background to the onset and prevalence of RP are also discussed. Different therapeutic approaches employed as treatment modalities for this disease are also highlighted and analyzed. The lack of an appropriate animal model for RP mandates that more efforts be undertaken in order to better understand and eventually treat this disease. Although several lines of treatment are utilized, it is important to note that precaution is often effective in reducing severity or frequency of RP attacks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manal M Fardoun
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, American University of Beirut Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Joseph Nassif
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Khodr Issa
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Elias Baydoun
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, American University of Beirut Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ali H Eid
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut Beirut, Lebanon
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Liu P, Chen Y, Wang D, Tang Y, Tang H, Song H, Sun Q, Zhang Y, Liu Z. Genetic Selection of Peptide Aptamers That Interact and Inhibit Both Small Protein B and Alternative Ribosome-Rescue Factor A of Aeromonas veronii C4. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:1228. [PMID: 27588015 PMCID: PMC4988972 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Aeromonas veronii is a pathogenic gram-negative bacterium, which infects a variety of animals and results in mass mortality. The stalled-ribosome rescues are reported to ensure viability and virulence under stress conditions, of which primarily include trans-translation and alternative ribosome-rescue factor A (ArfA) in A. veronii. For identification of specific peptides that interact and inhibit the stalled-ribosome rescues, peptide aptamer library (pTRG-SN-peptides) was constructed using pTRG as vector and Staphylococcus aureus nuclease (SN) as scaffold protein, in which 16 random amino acids were introduced to form an exposed surface loop. In the meantime both Small Protein B (SmpB) which acts as one of the key components in trans-translation, and ArfA were inserted to pBT to constitute pBT-SmpB and pBT-ArfA, respectively. The peptide aptamer PA-2 was selected from pTRG-SN-peptides by bacterial two-hybrid system (B2H) employing pBT-SmpB or pBT-ArfA as baits. The conserved sites G133K134 and D138K139R140 of C-terminal SmpB were identified by interacting with N-terminal SN, and concurrently the residue K62 of ArfA was recognized by interacting with the surface loop of the specific peptide aptamer PA-2. The expression plasmids pN-SN or pN-PA-2, which combined the duplication origin of pRE112 with the neokanamycin promoter expressing SN or PA-2, were created and transformed into A. veronii C4, separately. The engineered A. veronii C4 which endowing SN or PA-2 expression impaired growth capabilities under stress conditions including temperatures, sucrose, glucose, potassium chloride (KCl) and antibiotics, and the stress-related genes rpoS and nhaP were down-regulated significantly by Quantitative Real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) when treating in 2.0% KCl. Thus, the engineered A. veronii C4 conferring PA-2 expression might be potentially attenuated vaccine, and also the peptide aptamer PA-2 could develop as anti-microbial drugs targeted to the ribosome rescued factors in A. veronii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Liu
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Shantou University Shantou, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Agriculture, Hainan University Haikou, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Agriculture, Hainan University Haikou, China
| | - Yanqiong Tang
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Agriculture, Hainan University Haikou, China
| | - Hongqian Tang
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Agriculture, Hainan University Haikou, China
| | - Haichao Song
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Agriculture, Hainan University Haikou, China
| | - Qun Sun
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University Chengdu, China
| | - Yueling Zhang
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Shantou University Shantou, China
| | - Zhu Liu
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Agriculture, Hainan University Haikou, China
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Busato M, Giorgetti A. Structural modeling of G-protein coupled receptors: An overview on automatic web-servers. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2016; 77:264-74. [PMID: 27102413 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2016.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Revised: 04/09/2016] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Despite the significant efforts and discoveries during the last few years in G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) expression and crystallization, the receptors with known structures to date are limited only to a small fraction of human GPCRs. The lack of experimental three-dimensional structures of the receptors represents a strong limitation that hampers a deep understanding of their function. Computational techniques are thus a valid alternative strategy to model three-dimensional structures. Indeed, recent advances in the field, together with extraordinary developments in crystallography, in particular due to its ability to capture GPCRs in different activation states, have led to encouraging results in the generation of accurate models. This, prompted the community of modelers to render their methods publicly available through dedicated databases and web-servers. Here, we present an extensive overview on these services, focusing on their advantages, drawbacks and their role in successful applications. Future challenges in the field of GPCR modeling, such as the predictions of long loop regions and the modeling of receptor activation states are presented as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirko Busato
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy.
| | - Alejandro Giorgetti
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy; Computational Biomedicine, Institute for Advanced Simulation IAS-5 and Computational Biomedicine, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine INM-9, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany.
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Cross Talk between KGF and KITLG Proteins Implicated with Ovarian Folliculogenesis in Buffalo Bubalus bubalis. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0127993. [PMID: 26083339 PMCID: PMC4470682 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0127993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular interactions between mesenchymal-derived Keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) and Kit ligand (KITLG) are essential for follicular development. These factors are expressed by theca and granulosa cells. We determined full length coding sequence of buffalo KGF and KITLG proteins having 194 and 274 amino acids, respectively. The recombinant KGF and KITLG proteins were solubilized in 10 mM Tris, pH 7.5 and 50 mM Tris, pH 7.4 and purified using Ni-NTA column and GST affinity chromatography, respectively. The purity and molecular weight of His-KGF (~23 kDa) and GST-KITLG (~57 kDa) proteins were confirmed by SDS-PAGE and western blotting. The co-immunoprecipitation assay accompanied with computational analysis demonstrated the interaction between KGF and KITLG proteins. We deduced 3D structures of the candidate proteins and assessed their binding based on protein docking. In the process, KGF specific residues, Lys123, Glu135, Lys140, Lys155 and Trp156 and KITLG specific ones, Ser226, Phe233, Gly234, Ala235, Phe236, Trp238 and Lys239 involved in the formation of KGF-KITLG complex were detected. The hydrophobic interactions surrounding KGF-KITLG complex affirmed their binding affinity and stability to the interacting interface. Additionally, in-silico site directed mutagenesis enabled the assessment of changes that occurred in the binding energies of mutated KGF-KITLG protein complex. Our results demonstrate that in the presence of KITLG, KGF mimics its native binding mode suggesting all the KGF residues are specific to their binding complex. This study provides an insight on the critical amino acid residues participating in buffalo ovarian folliculogenesis.
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Cavasotto CN, Palomba D. Expanding the horizons of G protein-coupled receptor structure-based ligand discovery and optimization using homology models. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:13576-94. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc05050b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
We show the key role of structural homology models in GPCR structure-based lead discovery and optimization, highlighting methodological aspects, recent progress and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio N. Cavasotto
- Instituto de Investigación en Biomedicina de Buenos Aires (IBioBA) - CONICET - Partner Institute of the Max Planck Society
- Buenos Aires
- Argentina
| | - Damián Palomba
- Instituto de Investigación en Biomedicina de Buenos Aires (IBioBA) - CONICET - Partner Institute of the Max Planck Society
- Buenos Aires
- Argentina
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