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He S, Zhang Z, Peng X, Wu Y, Zhu Y, Wang L, Zhou H, Li T, Liu L. The protective effect of pericytes on vascular permeability after hemorrhagic shock and their relationship with Cx43. Front Physiol 2022; 13:948541. [PMID: 36262250 PMCID: PMC9576106 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.948541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular hyperpermeability is a complication of hemorrhagic shock. Pericytes (PCs) are a group of mural cells surrounded by microvessels that are located on the basolateral side of the endothelium. Previous studies have shown that damage to PCs contributes to the occurrence of many diseases such as diabetic retinopathy and myocardial infarction. Whether PCs can protect the vascular barrier function following hemorrhagic shock and the underlying mechanisms are unknown. A hemorrhagic shock rat model, Cx43 vascular endothelial cell (VEC)-specific knockdown mice, and VECs were used to investigate the role of PCs in vascular barrier function and their relationship with Cx43. The results showed that following hemorrhagic shock, the number of PCs in the microvessels was significantly decreased and was negatively associated with an increase in pulmonary and mesenteric vascular permeability. Exogenous infusion of PCs (106 cells per rat) colonized the microvessels and improved pulmonary and mesenteric vascular barrier function. Upregulation of Cx43 in PCs significantly increased the number of PCs colonizing the pulmonary vessels. In contrast, downregulation of Cx43 expression in PCs or knockout of Cx43 in VECs (Cx43 KO mice) significantly reduced PC colonization in pulmonary vessels in vivo and reduced direct contact formation between PCs and VECs in vitro. It has been suggested that PCs have an important protective effect on vascular barrier function in pulmonary and peripheral vessels following hemorrhagic shock. Cx43 plays an important role in the colonization of exogenous PCs in the microvessels. This finding provides a potential new shock treatment measure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangshuang He
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Shock and Transfusion Research Department, Army Medical Center, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Army Medical Center, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zisen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Shock and Transfusion Research Department, Army Medical Center, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoyong Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Shock and Transfusion Research Department, Army Medical Center, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yue Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Shock and Transfusion Research Department, Army Medical Center, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Shock and Transfusion Research Department, Army Medical Center, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Shock and Transfusion Research Department, Army Medical Center, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Henan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Shock and Transfusion Research Department, Army Medical Center, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Shock and Transfusion Research Department, Army Medical Center, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Tao Li, ; Liangming Liu,
| | - Liangming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Shock and Transfusion Research Department, Army Medical Center, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Tao Li, ; Liangming Liu,
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Nasiri-Ansari N, Androutsakos T, Flessa CM, Kyrou I, Siasos G, Randeva HS, Kassi E, Papavassiliou AG. Endothelial Cell Dysfunction and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD): A Concise Review. Cells 2022; 11:cells11162511. [PMID: 36010588 PMCID: PMC9407007 DOI: 10.3390/cells11162511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common liver diseases worldwide. It is strongly associated with obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2DM), and other metabolic syndrome features. Reflecting the underlying pathogenesis and the cardiometabolic disorders associated with NAFLD, the term metabolic (dysfunction)-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) has recently been proposed. Indeed, over the past few years, growing evidence supports a strong correlation between NAFLD and increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, independent of the presence of diabetes, hypertension, and obesity. This implies that NAFLD may also be directly involved in the pathogenesis of CVD. Notably, liver sinusoidal endothelial cell (LSEC) dysfunction appears to be implicated in the progression of NAFLD via numerous mechanisms, including the regulation of the inflammatory process, hepatic stellate activation, augmented vascular resistance, and the distortion of microcirculation, resulting in the progression of NAFLD. Vice versa, the liver secretes inflammatory molecules that are considered pro-atherogenic and may contribute to vascular endothelial dysfunction, resulting in atherosclerosis and CVD. In this review, we provide current evidence supporting the role of endothelial cell dysfunction in the pathogenesis of NAFLD and NAFLD-associated atherosclerosis. Endothelial cells could thus represent a "golden target" for the development of new treatment strategies for NAFLD and its comorbid CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narjes Nasiri-Ansari
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Theodoros Androutsakos
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Christina-Maria Flessa
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
- Warwickshire Institute for the Study of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (WISDEM), University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK
| | - Ioannis Kyrou
- Warwickshire Institute for the Study of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (WISDEM), University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
- Laboratory of Dietetics and Quality of Life, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Gerasimos Siasos
- Third Department of Cardiology, ‘Sotiria’ Thoracic Diseases General Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Harpal S. Randeva
- Warwickshire Institute for the Study of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (WISDEM), University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Eva Kassi
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
- Endocrine Unit, 1st Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, ‘Laiko’ General Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
- Correspondence: (E.K.); (A.G.P.)
| | - Athanasios G. Papavassiliou
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
- Correspondence: (E.K.); (A.G.P.)
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Abdelgwad M, Ewaiss M, Sabry D, Khalifa WA, Altaib ZM, Alhelf M. Comparative study on effect of mesenchymal stem cells and endothelial progenitor cells on treatment of experimental CCL4-induced liver fibrosis. Arch Physiol Biochem 2022; 128:1071-1080. [PMID: 32374186 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2020.1752256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We speculated impacts of BM-MSCs and UC-EPCs on reversal of hepatic injury induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). Fifty adult rats were divided into five groups: control group, CCl4A group, CCl4B group, CCl4/BM-MSCs group and CCl4/UC-EPCs group. Blood samples were driven to measure concentration of albumin and ALT. Quantitative expression of HGF, TGF-β, MMP-2, and VEGF were assessed by PCR. Histological and immunohistochemistry examination of the liver tissue were performed. RESULTS There was elevating albumin (p < .05) and reducing ALT (p < .05) concentrations in groups treated with BM-MSCs and UC-EPCs compared to untreated CCL4A&B groups. UC-EPCs treated group have significantly higher MMP-2 and VEGF (p < .01) genes expression than BM-MSCs treated group. Furthermore, UC-EPCs were more valuable than BMMSCs in increasing gene expression of HGF (p < .05) and immunohistochemistry of α-SMA and Ki-67 (p < .01). BM-MSCs have significantly lower TGF-β (p < .00) compared to UC-EPCs. CONCLUSION This study highlighted on liver regeneration role of both UC-EPCs and BM-MSCs in liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Abdelgwad
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Manal Ewaiss
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Beni Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt
- Medical College, Al-Jouf University, Al-Jawf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dina Sabry
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Warda A Khalifa
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Sebha University, Sabha, Libya
| | - Zeinab M Altaib
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Helwan Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Maha Alhelf
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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Putative endothelial progenitor cells do not promote vascular repair but attenuate pericyte-myofibroblast transition in UUO-induced renal fibrosis. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:104. [PMID: 30898157 PMCID: PMC6429829 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1201-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Putative endothelial progenitor cells (pEPCs) have been confirmed to participate in alleviation of renal fibrosis in several ischaemic diseases. However, their mechanistic effect on renal fibrosis, which is characterized by vascular regression and further rarefaction-related pathology, remains unknown. Methods To explore the effect and molecular mechanisms by which pEPCs act on unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO)-induced renal fibrosis, we isolated pEPCs from murine bone marrow. In vivo, pEPCs (2 × 105 cells/day) and pEPC-MVs (microvesicles) were injected into UUO mice via the tail vein. In vitro, pEPCs were co-cultured with renal-derived pericytes. Pericyte-myofibroblast transition was evaluated using the myofibroblast marker α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and pericyte marker platelet-derived growth factor receptor β (PDGFR-β). Results Exogenous supply of bone marrow-derived pEPCs attenuated renal fibrosis by decreasing pericyte-myofibroblast transition without significant vascular repair in the UUO model. Our results indicated that pEPCs regulated pericytes and their transition into myofibroblasts via pEPC-MVs. Co-culture of pericytes with pEPCs in vitro suggested that pEPCs inhibit transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)-induced pericyte–myofibroblast transition via a paracrine pathway. Conclusion pEPCs effectively attenuated UUO-induced renal fibrosis by inhibiting pericyte–myofibroblast transition via a paracrine pathway, without promoting vascular repair. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13287-019-1201-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Lan L, Liu R, Qin LY, Cheng P, Liu BW, Zhang BY, Ding SZ, Li XL. Transplantation of bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells and hepatocyte stem cells from liver fibrosis rats ameliorates liver fibrosis. World J Gastroenterol 2018; 24:237-247. [PMID: 29375209 PMCID: PMC5768942 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i2.237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Revised: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To explore the effectiveness for treating liver fibrosis by combined transplantation of bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells (BM-EPCs) and bone marrow-derived hepatocyte stem cells (BDHSCs) from the liver fibrosis environment.
METHODS The liver fibrosis rat models were induced with carbon tetrachloride injections for 6 wk. BM-EPCs from rats with liver fibrosis were obtained by different rates of adherence and culture induction. BDHSCs from rats with liver fibrosis were isolated by magnetic bead cell sorting. Tracing analysis was conducted by labeling EPCs with PKH26 in vitro to show EPC location in the liver. Finally, BM-EPCs and/or BDHSCs transplantation into rats with liver fibrosis were performed to evaluate the effectiveness of BM-EPCs and/or BDHSCs on liver fibrosis.
RESULTS Normal functional BM-EPCs from liver fibrosis rats were successfully obtained. The co-expression level of CD133 and VEGFR2 was 63.9% ± 2.15%. Transplanted BM-EPCs were located primarily in/near hepatic sinusoids. The combined transplantation of BM-EPCs and BDHSCs promoted hepatic neovascularization, liver regeneration and liver function, and decreased collagen formation and liver fibrosis degree. The VEGF levels were increased in the BM-EPCs (707.10 ± 54.32) and BM-EPCs/BDHSCs group (615.42 ± 42.96), compared with those in the model group and BDHSCs group (P < 0.05). Combination of BM-EPCs/BDHSCs transplantation induced maximal up-regulation of PCNA protein and HGF mRNA levels. The levels of alanine aminotransferase (AST), aspartate aminotransferase, total bilirubin (TBIL), prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time in the BM-EPCs/BDHSCs group were significantly improved, to be equivalent to normal levels (P > 0.05) compared with those in the BDHSC (AST, TBIL and PT, P < 0.05) and BM-EPCs (TBIL and PT, P < 0.05) groups. Transplantation of BM-EPCs/BDHSCs combination significantly reduced the degree of liver fibrosis (staging score of 1.75 ± 0.25 vs BDHSCs 2.88 ± 0.23 or BM-EPCs 2.75 ± 0.16, P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION The combined transplantation exhibited maximal therapeutic effect compared to that of transplantation of BM-EPCs or BDHSCs alone. Combined transplantation of autogenous BM-EPCs and BDHSCs may represent a promising strategy for the treatment of liver fibrosis, which would eventually prevent cirrhosis and liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Lan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, the People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University (the Henan Provincial People’s Hospital), Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, China
| | - Ran Liu
- Department of Oncology, Henan Provincial Rongjun Hospital, Xinxiang 453000, Henan Province, China
| | - Ling-Yun Qin
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, the Children’s Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, China
| | - Peng Cheng
- Intensive Care Unit, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Luohe Medical College, Luohe 462000, Henan Province, China
| | - Bo-Wei Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, the People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University (the Henan Provincial People’s Hospital), Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, China
| | - Bing-Yong Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, the People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University (the Henan Provincial People’s Hospital), Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, China
| | - Song-Ze Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, the People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University (the Henan Provincial People’s Hospital), Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, China
| | - Xiu-Ling Li
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, the People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University (the Henan Provincial People’s Hospital), Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, China
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Cytokines, hepatic cell profiling and cell interactions during bone marrow cell therapy for liver fibrosis in cholestatic mice. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0187970. [PMID: 29176797 PMCID: PMC5703547 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0187970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow cells (BMC) migrate to the injured liver after transplantation, contributing to regeneration through multiple pathways, but mechanisms involved are unclear. This work aimed to study BMC migration, characterize cytokine profile, cell populations and proliferation in mice with liver fibrosis transplanted with GFP+ BMC. Confocal microscopy analysis showed GFP+ BMC near regions expressing HGF and SDF-1 in the fibrotic liver. Impaired liver cell proliferation in fibrotic groups was restored after BMC transplantation. Regarding total cell populations, there was a significant reduction in CD68+ cells and increased Ly6G+ cells in transplanted fibrotic group. BMC contributed to the total populations of CD144, CD11b and Ly6G cells in the fibrotic liver, related to an increment of anti-fibrotic cytokines (IL-10, IL-13, IFN-γ and HGF) and reduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-17A and IL-6). Therefore, HGF and SDF-1 may represent important chemoattractants for transplanted BMC in the injured liver, where these cells can give rise to populations of extrahepatic macrophages, neutrophils and endothelial progenitor cells that can interact synergistically with other liver cells towards the modulation of an anti-fibrotic cytokine profile promoting the onset of liver regeneration.
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Phase 1-2 pilot clinical trial in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis treated with bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells. Transl Res 2017; 188:80-91.e2. [PMID: 26972567 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2016.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Revised: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this nonrandomized, open label, phase 1 clinical trial was to evaluate the safety and the feasibility of the treatment with autologous bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) in decompensated liver cirrhosis. In addition, the changes in liver function and hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) and their relation with the characteristics of the cellular product were analyzed. Twelve patients with Child-Pugh ≥8 liver cirrhosis underwent bone marrow harvest for ex vivo differentiation of EPC. The final product was administered through the hepatic artery in a single administration. Patients underwent clinical and radiologic follow-up for 12 months. The phenotype and the ability to produce cytokines and growth factors of the final cellular suspension were analyzed. Eleven patients were treated (feasibility 91%). No treatment-related severe adverse events were observed as consequence of any study procedure or treatment. Model for end-stage liver disease score improved significantly (P 0.042) in the first 90 days after cells administration and 5 of the 9 patients alive at 90 days showed a decreased of HVPG. There was a direct correlation between the expression of acetylated-low density lipoprotein and von Willebrand factor in the cellular product and the improvement in liver function and HVPG. The treatment with EPCs in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis is safe and feasible and might have therapeutic potential. Patients receiving a higher amount of functionally active EPC showed an improvement of liver function and portal hypertension suggesting that the potential usefulness of these cells for the treatment of liver cirrhosis deserves further evaluation.
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Garg M, Kaur S, Banik A, Kumar V, Rastogi A, Sarin SK, Mukhopadhyay A, Trehanpati N. Bone marrow endothelial progenitor cells activate hepatic stellate cells and aggravate carbon tetrachloride induced liver fibrosis in mice via paracrine factors. Cell Prolif 2017; 50:e12355. [PMID: 28682508 PMCID: PMC6529081 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Bone marrow derived endothelial progenitor cells (BM-EPCs) are increased in chronic liver disease (CLD). Their role in hepatic fibrosis and regeneration remains an area of intense studies. We investigated the migration and secretory functions of BM-EPCs in fibrotic mice liver. MATERIALS AND METHODS Bone marrow cells from C57BL6-GFP mice were transplanted into the femur of irradiated C57BL6 mice, followed by CCl4 doses for 8 weeks, to develop hepatic fibrosis (n = 36). Transplanted C57BL6 mice without CCl4 treatment were used as controls. EPCs were analyzed in BM, blood and liver by flow cytometry and immunofluorescence. VEGF and TGF-β were analysed in the hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and BM-EPCs co-cultures using ELISAs. RESULTS There was a significant migration of EPCs from BM to blood and to the liver (P ≤ 0.01). Percentage of GFP+ CD31+ EPCs and collagen proportionate area was substantially increased in the liver at 4th week of CCl4 dosage compared to the controls (19.8% vs 1.9%, P ≤ 0.05). Levels of VEGF (533.6 pg/ml) and TGF-β (327.44 pg/ml) also increased significantly, when HSCs were treated with the EPC conditioned medium, as compared to controls (25.66 pg/ml and 5.87 pg/ml, respectively; P ≤ 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Present findings suggest that BM-EPCs migrate to the liver during CCl4-induced liver injury and contribute to fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manali Garg
- Institute of Liver and Biliary SciencesDepartment of Molecular and Cellular MedicineNew DelhiIndia
| | - Savneet Kaur
- Gautam Buddha UniversityGreater NoidaUttar PradeshIndia
| | - Arpita Banik
- Institute of Liver and Biliary SciencesDepartment of Molecular and Cellular MedicineNew DelhiIndia
| | | | - Archana Rastogi
- Institute of Liver and Biliary SciencesDepartment of PathologyNew DelhiIndia
| | - Shiv K. Sarin
- Institute of Liver and Biliary SciencesDepartment of HepatologyNew DelhiIndia
| | | | - Nirupma Trehanpati
- Institute of Liver and Biliary SciencesDepartment of Molecular and Cellular MedicineNew DelhiIndia
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Huang H, Feng S, Zhang W, Li W, Xu P, Wang X, Ai A. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell‑derived extracellular vesicles improve the survival of transplanted fat grafts. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:3069-3078. [PMID: 28713978 PMCID: PMC5548010 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Autologous fat grafting is a promising surgical technique for soft tissue augmentation, reconstruction and rejuvenation. However, it is limited by the low survival rate of the transplanted fat, due to the slow revascularization of such grafts. Previous studies have demonstrated that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (BMSC-EVs) are proangiogenic. The present study aimed to investigate whether BMSC-EVs could improve the survival of transplanted fat grafts. Extracellular vesicles were isolated from the supernatant of cultured rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, and characterized by flow cytometry and scanning electron microscopy. Their proangiogenic potential was measured in vitro using tube formation and cell migration assays. Subsequently, human fat tissue grafts, alongside various concentrations of BMSC-EVs, were subcutaneously injected into nude mice. A total of 12 weeks following transplantation, the mice were sacrificed and the grafts were harvested. The grafts from the experimental group had a higher survival rate and an increased number of vessels compared with grafts from the control group, as demonstrated by tissue volume, weight and histological analyses. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis indicated that the expression levels of proangiogenic factors were increased in the experimental group compared with in the control group, thus suggesting that BMSC-EVs may promote neovascularization by stimulating the secretion of proangiogenic factors. The present study is the first, to the best of our knowledge, to demonstrate that supplementation of fat grafts with BMSC-EVs improves the long-term retention and quality of transplanted fat.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Huang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Shaoqing Feng
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Wenjie Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Peng Xu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Xiangsheng Wang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Ai Ai
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
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Comparison of the Treatment Efficiency of Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation via Tail and Portal Veins in CCl4-Induced Mouse Liver Fibrosis. Stem Cells Int 2015; 2016:5720413. [PMID: 26839564 PMCID: PMC4709782 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5720413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Revised: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Because of self-renewal, strong proliferation in vitro, abundant sources for isolation, and a high differentiation capacity, mesenchymal stem cells are suggested to be potentially therapeutic for liver fibrosis/cirrhosis. In this study, we evaluated the treatment effects of mouse bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) on mouse liver cirrhosis induced by carbon tetrachloride. Portal and tail vein transplantations were examined to evaluate the effects of different injection routes on the liver cirrhosis model at 21 days after transplantation. BM-MSCs transplantation reduced aspartate aminotransferase/alanine aminotransferase levels at 21 days after injection. Furthermore, BM-MSCs induced positive changes in serum bilirubin and albumin and downregulated expression of integrins (600- to 7000-fold), transforming growth factor, and procollagen-α1 compared with the control group. Interestingly, both injection routes ameliorated inflammation and liver cirrhosis scores. All mice in treatment groups had reduced inflammation scores and no cirrhosis. In conclusion, transplantation of BM-MSCs via tail or portal veins ameliorates liver cirrhosis in mice. Notably, there were no differences in treatment effects between tail and portal vein administrations. In consideration of safety, we suggest transfusion of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells via a peripheral vein as a potential method for liver fibrosis treatment.
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Particle Radiation-Induced Nontargeted Effects in Bone-Marrow-Derived Endothelial Progenitor Cells. Stem Cells Int 2015; 2015:496512. [PMID: 26074973 PMCID: PMC4436457 DOI: 10.1155/2015/496512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Revised: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone-marrow- (BM-) derived endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are critical for endothelial cell maintenance and repair. During future space exploration missions astronauts will be exposed to space irradiation (IR) composed of a spectrum of low-fluence protons ((1)H) and high charge and energy (HZE) nuclei (e.g., iron-(56)Fe) for extended time. How the space-type IR affects BM-EPCs is limited. In media transfer experiments in vitro we studied nontargeted effects induced by (1)H- and (56)Fe-IR conditioned medium (CM), which showed significant increase in the number of p-H2AX foci in nonirradiated EPCs between 2 and 24 h. A 2-15-fold increase in the levels of various cytokines and chemokines was observed in both types of IR-CM at 24 h. Ex vivo analysis of BM-EPCs from single, low-dose, full-body (1)H- and (56)Fe-IR mice demonstrated a cyclical (early 5-24 h and delayed 28 days) increase in apoptosis. This early increase in BM-EPC apoptosis may be the effect of direct IR exposure, whereas late increase in apoptosis could be a result of nontargeted effects (NTE) in the cells that were not traversed by IR directly. Identifying the role of specific cytokines responsible for IR-induced NTE and inhibiting such NTE may prevent long-term and cyclical loss of stem and progenitors cells in the BM milieu.
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