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Renga G, Oikonomou V, Moretti S, Stincardini C, Bellet MM, Pariano M, Bartoli A, Brancorsini S, Mosci P, Finocchi A, Rossi P, Costantini C, Garaci E, Goldstein AL, Romani L. Thymosin β4 promotes autophagy and repair via HIF-1α stabilization in chronic granulomatous disease. Life Sci Alliance 2019; 2:2/6/e201900432. [PMID: 31719116 PMCID: PMC6851533 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.201900432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This study demonstrates that thymosin β4 stabilizes HIF-1a to promote autophagy and up-regulate genes involved in tissue and mucosal barrier protection in chronic granulomatous disease. Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is a genetic disorder of the NADPH oxidase characterized by increased susceptibility to infections and hyperinflammation associated with defective autophagy and increased inflammasome activation. Herein, we demonstrate that thymosin β4 (Tβ4), a g-actin sequestering peptide with multiple and diverse intracellular and extracellular activities affecting inflammation, wound healing, fibrosis, and tissue regeneration, promoted in human and murine cells noncanonical autophagy, a form of autophagy associated with phagocytosis and limited inflammation via the death-associated protein kinase 1. We further show that the hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1)α was underexpressed in CGD but normalized by Tβ4 to promote autophagy and up-regulate genes involved in mucosal barrier protection. Accordingly, inflammation and granuloma formation were impaired and survival increased in CGD mice with colitis or aspergillosis upon Tβ4 treatment or HIF-1α stabilization. Thus, the promotion of endogenous pathways of inflammation resolution through HIF-1α stabilization is druggable in CGD by Tβ4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Renga
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Vasilis Oikonomou
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Silvia Moretti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | | | - Marina M Bellet
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Marilena Pariano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Andrea Bartoli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Mosci
- Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Andrea Finocchi
- Department of Pediatrics, Unit of Immune and Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Rossi
- Department of Pediatrics, Unit of Immune and Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Costantini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Enrico Garaci
- University San Raffaele and Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico San Raffaele, Rome, Italy
| | - Allan L Goldstein
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, the George Washington University, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Luigina Romani
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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