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Drieux F, Lemonnier F, Gaulard P. How molecular advances may improve the diagnosis and management of PTCL patients. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1202964. [PMID: 37427095 PMCID: PMC10328093 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1202964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCL) comprised more than 30 rare heterogeneous entities, representing 10 to 15% of adult non-Hodgkin lymphomas. Although their diagnosis is still mainly based on clinical, pathological, and phenotypic features, molecular studies have allowed for a better understanding of the oncogenic mechanisms involved and the refinement of many PTCL entities in the recently updated classifications. The prognosis remains poor for most entities (5-year overall survival < 30%), with current conventional therapies based on anthracyclin-based polychemotherapy regimen, despite many years of clinical trials. The recent use of new targeted therapies appears to be promising for relapsed/refractory patients, such as demethylating agents in T-follicular helper (TFH) PTCL. However further studies are needed to evaluate the proper combination of these drugs in the setting of front-line therapy. In this review, we will summarize the oncogenic events for the main PTCL entities and report the molecular targets that have led to the development of new therapies. We will also discuss the development of innovative high throughput technologies that aid the routine workflow for the histopathological diagnosis and management of PTCL patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Drieux
- Service d’Anatomie et de Cytologie Pathologiques, INSERM U1245, Centre Henri Becquerel, Rouen, France
| | - François Lemonnier
- Unité hémopathies Lymphoïdes, Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri Mondor, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Créteil, France
- Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, INSERM U955, Université Paris Est Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Philippe Gaulard
- Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, INSERM U955, Université Paris Est Créteil, Créteil, France
- Département de Pathologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri Mondor, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Créteil, France
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2
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Jain S, Goswami A, Lone MR, Ramteke P, Gogia A, Aggarwal M, Viswanathan GK, Kakkar D, Mandal T, Sharma A, Sahoo R, Baldia A, Sharma MC, Bakhshi S, Pramanik R, Dhawan R, Kumar L, Mallick S. Follicular Helper T-Cell-derived Nodal Lymphomas: Study of Histomorphologic, Immunophenotypic, Clinical, and RHOA G17V Mutational Profile. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2023; 31:172-180. [PMID: 36806188 DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000001105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
The study was designed to review the demographic, clinical, and pathologic characteristics of follicular helper T cells (TFH)-derived nodal PTCL in India including angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL), peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) with follicular helper T cell phenotype (P-TFH), and follicular T-cell lymphoma with additional immunohistochemistry (IHC) and RHOAG17V mutational analysis, as well as their impact on survival. This retrospective study included 88 cases of PTCL that were reclassified using IHC for TFH markers (PD1, ICOS, BCL6, and CD10) and dendritic-meshwork markers (CD21, CD23). Cases of TFH cell origin were evaluated for RHOAG17V mutation using Sanger sequencing and amplification-refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (validated using cloning and quantitative PCR) with detailed clinicopathologic correlation. Extensive re-evaluation with added IHC panel resulted in a total of 19 cases being reclassified, and the final subtypes were AITL (37 cases, 42%), PTCL-not otherwise specified (44, 50%), P-TFH (6, 7%), and follicular T-cell lymphoma (1, 1%). The presence of at least 2 TFH markers (>20% immunopositivity) determined the TFH origin. AITL patients tended to be male and showed increased presence of B-symptoms and hepatosplenomegaly. Histomorphology revealed that 92% of AITL cases had pattern 3 involvement. Sanger sequencing with conventional PCR did not yield any mutation, while RHOAG17V was detected by amplification-refractory mutation system-PCR in AITL (51%, P =0.027) and P-TFH (17%), which was validated with cloning followed by sequencing. Cases of RHOAG17V-mutant AITL had a worse Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status initially but fared better in terms of overall outcome ( P =0.029). Although not specific for AITL, RHOAG17V mutation shows an association with diagnosis and requires sensitive methods for detection due to low-tumor burden. The mutant status of AITL could have prognostic implications and translational relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Mukul Aggarwal
- Haematology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Rishi Dhawan
- Haematology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Delhi, India
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Jain S, Mallick S, Ramteke P, Gogia A. Neoplasms of follicular helper T-cells: an insight into the pathobiology. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BLOOD RESEARCH 2022; 12:64-81. [PMID: 35873103 PMCID: PMC9301021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
T-follicular helper cells (TFH) are a unique subset of T-cells with varied transcriptional profiles and functions. In the last 2016 WHO classification, lymphomas arising from TFH were included as a broad category and emphasis was given to separating them from other peripheral T cell lymphomas. The neoplasms derived from these mainly comprise angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma, peripheral T-cell lymphoma with T-follicular helper cell phenotype, follicular T-cell lymphoma, and cutaneous CD4+ small-medium sized lymphoproliferative disorders. The TFH lymphomas comprise both indolent and aggressive forms. Additional immunohistochemistry to identify TFH cells like CD10, BCL6, ICOS, PD1, CXCL13 and mutations like RHOA, IDH2 is required for diagnosis and prognostication. The understanding of these has evolved over the years, and currently we review the updates and pathobiology of the above.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surabhi Jain
- Department of Pathology, Dr. B. R. A. Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital (Dr. B.R.A.I.R.C.H.), All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS)New Delhi, India
| | - Saumyaranjan Mallick
- Department of Pathology, Dr. B. R. A. Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital (Dr. B.R.A.I.R.C.H.), All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS)New Delhi, India
| | - Prashant Ramteke
- Department of Pathology, Dr. B. R. A. Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital (Dr. B.R.A.I.R.C.H.), All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS)New Delhi, India
| | - Ajay Gogia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dr. B. R. A. Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital (Dr. B.R.A.I.R.C.H.), All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS)New Delhi, India
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4
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Dobson R, Du PY, Rásó-Barnett L, Yao WQ, Chen Z, Casa C, Ei-Daly H, Farkas L, Soilleux E, Wright P, Grant JW, Rodriguez-Justo M, Follows GA, Rashed H, Fabre M, Baxter EJ, Vassiliou G, Wotherspoon A, Attygalle AD, Liu H, Du MQ. Early detection of T-cell lymphoma with T follicular helper phenotype by RHOA mutation analysis. Haematologica 2022; 107:489-499. [PMID: 33567811 PMCID: PMC8804563 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2020.265991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) and peripheral T-cell lymphoma with T follicular helper phenotype (PTCL-TFH) are a group of complex clinicopathological entities that originate from T follicular helper cells and share a similar mutation profile. Their diagnosis is often a challenge, particularly at an early stage, because of a lack of specific histological and immunophenotypic features, paucity of neoplastic T cells and prominent polymorphous infiltrate. We investigated whether the lymphoma-associated RHOA Gly17Val (c.50G>T) mutation, occurring in 60% of cases, is present in the early "reactive" lesions, and whether mutation analysis could help to advance the early diagnosis of lymphoma. The RHOA mutation was detected by quantitative polymerase chain reaction with a locked nucleic acid probe specific to the mutation, and a further peptide nucleic acid clamp oligonucleotide to suppress the amplification of the wild-type allele. The quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay was highly sensitive and specific, detecting RHOA Gly17Val at an allele frequency of 0.03%, but not other changes in Gly17, nor in 61 controls. Among the 37 cases of AITL and PTCL-TFH investigated, RHOA Gly17Val was detected in 62.2% (23/37) of which 19 had multiple biopsies including preceding biopsies in ten and follow-up biopsies in 11 cases. RHOA Gly17Val was present in each of these preceding or follow-up biopsies including 18 specimens that showed no evidence of lymphoma by combined histological, immunophenotypic and clonality analyses. The mutation was seen in biopsies 0-26.5 months (mean 7.87 months) prior to the lymphoma diagnosis. Our results show that RHOA Gly17Val mutation analysis is valuable in the early detection of AITL and PTCL-TFH.
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MESH Headings
- Early Diagnosis
- Humans
- Immunoblastic Lymphadenopathy/diagnosis
- Lymphoma, T-Cell/diagnosis
- Lymphoma, T-Cell/genetics
- Lymphoma, T-Cell/pathology
- Lymphoma, T-Cell, Peripheral/diagnosis
- Lymphoma, T-Cell, Peripheral/genetics
- Lymphoma, T-Cell, Peripheral/pathology
- Mutation
- Phenotype
- T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer/pathology
- rhoA GTP-Binding Protein/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Dobson
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge
| | - Peter Y Du
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge
| | - Lívia Rásó-Barnett
- The Haematopathology and Oncology Diagnostic Service, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge
| | - Wen-Qing Yao
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge
| | - Zi Chen
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge
| | - Calogero Casa
- The Haematopathology and Oncology Diagnostic Service, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge
| | - Hesham Ei-Daly
- The Haematopathology and Oncology Diagnostic Service, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge
| | - Lorant Farkas
- The Haematopathology and Oncology Diagnostic Service, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK; Department of Pathology, Akershus University Hospital, Lorenskog
| | - Elizabeth Soilleux
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Department of Histopathology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge
| | - Penny Wright
- Department of Histopathology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge
| | - John W Grant
- Department of Histopathology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge
| | | | - George A Follows
- Department of Haematology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge
| | - Hala Rashed
- Department of Cellular Pathology, University Hospitals of Leicester, East Midlands Pathology Services, Leicester
| | - Margarete Fabre
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge
| | - E Joanna Baxter
- Department of Haematology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge
| | - George Vassiliou
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge
| | | | | | - Hongxiang Liu
- The Haematopathology and Oncology Diagnostic Service, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge
| | - Ming-Qing Du
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Department of Histopathology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge.
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Cheng S, Zhang W, Inghirami G, Tam W. Mutation analysis links angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma to clonal hematopoiesis and smoking. eLife 2021; 10:66395. [PMID: 34581268 PMCID: PMC8480981 DOI: 10.7554/elife.66395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Although advance has been made in understanding the pathogenesis of mature T-cell neoplasms, the initiation and progression of angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) and peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified (PTCL-NOS), remain poorly understood. A subset of AITL/PTCL-NOS patients develop concomitant hematologic neoplasms (CHN), and a biomarker to predict this risk is lacking. Methods We generated and analyzed the mutation profiles through 537-gene targeted sequencing of the primary tumors and matched bone marrow/peripheral blood samples in 25 patients with AITL and two with PTCL-NOS. Results Clonal hematopoiesis (CH)-associated genomic alterations, found in 70.4% of the AITL/PTCL-NOS patients, were shared among CH and T-cell lymphoma, as well as concomitant myeloid neoplasms or diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) that developed before or after AITL. Aberrant AID/APOBEC activity-associated and tobacco smoking-associated mutational signatures were respectively enriched in the early CH-associated mutations and late non-CH-associated mutations during AITL/PTCL-NOS development. Moreover, analysis showed that the presence of CH harboring ≥2 pathogenic TET2 variants with ≥15% of allele burden conferred higher risk for CHN (p=0.0006, hazard ratio = 14.01, positive predictive value = 88.9%, negative predictive value = 92.1%). Conclusions We provided genetic evidence that AITL/PTCL-NOS, CH, and CHN can frequently arise from common mutated hematopoietic precursor clones. Our data also suggests smoking exposure as a potential risk factor for AITL/PTCL-NOS progression. These findings provide insights into the cell origin and etiology of AITL and PTCL-NOS and provide a novel stratification biomarker for CHN risk in AITL patients. Funding R01 grant (CA194547) from the National Cancer Institute to WT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhua Cheng
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, United States
| | - Wei Zhang
- Genomics Resources Core Facility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, United States
| | - Giorgio Inghirami
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, United States
| | - Wayne Tam
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, United States
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Shin W, Mun S, Choi S, Han K. Application of NanoString technologies in angioimmunoblastic T cell lymphoma. Genes Genomics 2020; 42:485-494. [PMID: 32146712 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-020-00919-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) is an aggressive disease. Most cancer diagnoses are determined by anatomical histology. Therefore, many samples are stored in FFPE blocks for H&E staining. However, RNAs extracted from the FFPE block have a high level of fragmentation, making it difficult to perform accurate DEG analysis using RNA sequencing. OBJECTIVE To overcome fragmented RNA's drawback in NGS application, we applied the NanoString nCounter® technique of hybridization method that can be used for DEG analysis without PCR amplification. METHODS We characterized the gene expression profiling of AITLs though transcriptome analysis based on the nCounter® PanCancer IO 360™ Panel and NanoString platform. To perform the analysis of differential expression gene (DEG) profiles in AITLs, we compared the NanoString data from eight AITL patients with a healthy control donor. RESULTS Ninety-one genes were up-regulated and six genes were down-regulated in AITLs compared to control. The Gene Ontology (GO) analysis of 97-DEGs revealed that they were closely related to cytokine, MAPK cascade, leukocyte differentiation, and immune response, suggesting that this affect the immune system. In addition, KEGG analysis revealed that AITL DEGs were found to be highly involved in cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. CONCLUSION We believe that comprehensive multiplex studies, along with NanoString analysis, may be helpful to understand the molecular mechanisms of AITL, including mutations, gene expression, and protein expression studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wonseok Shin
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Seyoung Mun
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea.,Center for Bio-Medical Engineering Core Facility, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungkyu Choi
- Department of Pathology, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyudong Han
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea. .,Center for Bio-Medical Engineering Core Facility, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea.
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7
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Timmins MA, Wagner SD, Ahearne MJ. The new biology of PTCL-NOS and AITL: current status and future clinical impact. Br J Haematol 2020; 189:54-66. [PMID: 32064593 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.16428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCL) comprise a heterogeneous group of aggressive lymphoproliferative disorders almost all of which are associated with poor clinical outcomes. Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) and some peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified (PTCL-NOS) have similarities to normal CD4+ T-cell subsets in their gene expression profiles. A cell of origin model is, therefore, emerging and is likely to be refined in the future. Follicular helper (Tfh) T cells are now established as the cell of origin of AITL and about 20% of PTCL-NOS. Sequencing studies have identified recurrent genetic alterations in epigenetic modifiers, T-cell receptor signalling pathway intermediates or RHOA, most commonly a specific mutation leading to RHOA G17V. While PTCL-NOS remains a diagnosis of exclusion, advances in genomics have identified subgroups expressing transcription factors TBX 21 (Th1-like origin) and GATA3 (Th2-like origin). These findings suggest new biomarkers and new therapeutic avenues including the hypomethylating agent azacytidine, or inhibitors of proximal T-cell receptor (TCR) signalling and potentially certain monoclonal antibodies. The advances over the past few years, therefore, prompt stratified medicine approaches to test biologically based treatments and determine the clinical utility of the new disease classifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A Timmins
- Leicester Cancer Research Centre, Ernest and Helen Scott Haematology Research Institute, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Simon D Wagner
- Leicester Cancer Research Centre, Ernest and Helen Scott Haematology Research Institute, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Matthew J Ahearne
- Leicester Cancer Research Centre, Ernest and Helen Scott Haematology Research Institute, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
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Wang M, Xu F, Chen K, Li X, Li K, Zhou Y, Xiao J. A multiplex SNP genotyping by allele-specificspecific PCR based on stem-loop and universal fluorescent primers of Chr1 daxin mice. Electrophoresis 2019; 40:1600-1605. [PMID: 30801725 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201900052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Revised: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are one of the most common markers in mammals. Rapid, accurate, and multiplex typing of SNPs is critical for subsequent biological and genetic research. In this study, we have developed a novel method for multiplex genotyping SNPs in mice. The method involves allele-specific PCR amplification of genomic DNA with two stem-loop primers accompanied by two different universal fluorescent primers. Blue and green fluorescent signals were conveniently detected on a DNA sequencer. We verified four SNPs of 65 mice based on the novel method, and it is well suited for multiplex genotyping as it requires only one reaction per sample in a single tube with multiplex PCR. The use of universal fluorescent primers greatly reduces the cost of designing different fluorescent probes for each SNP. Therefore, this method can be applied to many biological and genetic studies, such as multiple candidate gene testing, genome-wide association study, pharmacogenetics, and medical diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maochun Wang
- Institute of Biological Science and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Fuyi Xu
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, USA
| | - Ke Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoning Li
- Institute of Biological Science and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Kai Li
- Institute of Biological Science and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yuxun Zhou
- Institute of Biological Science and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Junhua Xiao
- Institute of Biological Science and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, P. R. China
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Dupuy A, Lemonnier F, Fataccioli V, Martin-Garcia N, Robe C, Pelletier R, Poullot E, Moktefi A, Mokhtari K, Rousselet MC, Traverse-Glehen A, Delarue R, Tournilhac O, Delfau-Larue MH, Haioun C, Ortonne N, Copie-Bergman C, de Leval L, Pujals A, Gaulard P. Multiple Ways to Detect IDH2 Mutations in Angioimmunoblastic T-Cell Lymphoma from Immunohistochemistry to Next-Generation Sequencing. J Mol Diagn 2018; 20:677-685. [PMID: 29981867 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmoldx.2018.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) is a peripheral T-cell lymphoma associated with chemoresistance and a poor prognosis. Various nonsynonymous mutations in the R172 residue of IDH2 are present in 20% to 30% of AITL patients. In addition to their diagnostic value, these mutations are potentially targetable, especially by isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) 2 inhibitor, and therefore their identification in a routine setting is clinically relevant. However, in AITL, the neoplastic cells may be scarce, making the identification of molecular anomalies difficult. We evaluated the diagnostic value of different methods to detect IDH2 mutations in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumor samples. Immunohistochemistry with an anti-IDH2 R172K antibody, Sanger sequencing, high-resolution melting PCR, allele-specific real-time quantitative PCR, and next-generation sequencing (NGS) were applied to biopsy specimens from 42 AITL patients. We demonstrate that the IDH2 R172K antibody is specific to this amino acid substitution and highly sensitive for the detection of the IDH2R172K variant, the most frequent substitution in this disease. In our study, NGS and allele-specific real-time quantitative PCR displayed a good sensitivity, detecting 96% and 92% of IDH2 mutations, respectively, in contrast to Sanger sequencing and high-resolution melting PCR, which showed a significantly lower detection rate (58% and 42%, respectively). These results suggest that a combination of immunohistochemistry and AS-PCR or NGS should be considered for the identification of IDH2 mutations in AITL in a routine setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Dupuy
- INSERM U955 Équipe 9, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Créteil, France; Université Paris Est, Créteil, France
| | - François Lemonnier
- INSERM U955 Équipe 9, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Créteil, France; Université Paris Est, Créteil, France; Unité Hémopathies Lymphoïdes, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Créteil, France
| | - Virginie Fataccioli
- INSERM U955 Équipe 9, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Créteil, France; Université Paris Est, Créteil, France; Département de Pathologie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Créteil, France
| | - Nadine Martin-Garcia
- INSERM U955 Équipe 9, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Créteil, France; Université Paris Est, Créteil, France
| | - Cyrielle Robe
- INSERM U955 Équipe 9, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Créteil, France; Université Paris Est, Créteil, France
| | - Romain Pelletier
- Département de Pathologie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Créteil, France
| | - Elsa Poullot
- Département de Pathologie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Créteil, France
| | - Anissa Moktefi
- Université Paris Est, Créteil, France; Département de Pathologie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Créteil, France
| | - Karima Mokhtari
- Département de Neuropathologie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Richard Delarue
- Département d'Hématologie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Necker Enfants-Malades, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Tournilhac
- Service de Thérapie Cellulaire et d'Hématologie Clinique Adulte, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Clermont-Ferrand Hôpital Estaing, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Marie H Delfau-Larue
- INSERM U955 Équipe 9, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Créteil, France; Université Paris Est, Créteil, France; Service d'Immunologie Biologique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Créteil, France
| | - Corinne Haioun
- INSERM U955 Équipe 9, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Créteil, France; Université Paris Est, Créteil, France; Unité Hémopathies Lymphoïdes, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Créteil, France
| | - Nicolas Ortonne
- INSERM U955 Équipe 9, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Créteil, France; Université Paris Est, Créteil, France; Département de Pathologie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Créteil, France
| | - Christiane Copie-Bergman
- INSERM U955 Équipe 9, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Créteil, France; Université Paris Est, Créteil, France; Département de Pathologie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Créteil, France
| | - Laurence de Leval
- Department of Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Anaïs Pujals
- INSERM U955 Équipe 9, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Créteil, France; Université Paris Est, Créteil, France; Département de Pathologie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Créteil, France.
| | - Philippe Gaulard
- INSERM U955 Équipe 9, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Créteil, France; Université Paris Est, Créteil, France; Département de Pathologie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Créteil, France
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Chernova NG, Sinitsyna MN, Sidorova YV, Soboleva NP, Sudarikov AB, Kovrigina AM, Dvirnyk VN, Zvonkov EE. CUTANEOUS MANIFESTATIONS OF ANGIOIMMUNOBLASTIC T-CELL LYMPHOMA. VESTNIK DERMATOLOGII I VENEROLOGII 2018. [DOI: 10.25208/0042-4609-2018-94-2-48-56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Angioimmunoblast T-cell lymphoma (AITL) is a rare T-cell lymphoproliferative disease that is accompanied by generalized lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, intoxication symptoms and extranodal lesions. The extranodal manifestations of the disease frequently involve various skin changes. One of the first such manifestations is maculopapular rashes observed in about half of AITL patients and usually preceding the appearance of lymphadenopathy. Other forms of skin lesions accompany the disease considerably less frequently.Aim: To characterize the range of skin changes in patients suffering from AITL, to establish a correspondence between the nature of skin changes and their histological picture.Materials and methods: 54 AITL patients were being treated at the National Research Centre for Hematology from 2000 to 2017, with the male/female ratio being 30/24. The median age was 61 (29–81) years.Results: Changes in the skin were observed in 24 (44.4 %) of 54 AITL patients, out of whom 18 (75 %) and 6 (25 %) were male and female patients, respectively. Maculopapular rash was observed in 22 (91.7 %) out of 24 patients. The morphological and molecular investigations of skin biopsy specimens exhibiting maculopapular rash demonstrated nonspecific reactive changes. Patients with maculopapular rash demonstrated an increase in the level of total (polyclonal) IgE. Specific skin lesions detected in 8 (14.8 %) cases were represented by a ‘livedo reticularis’, focal skin hyperpigmentation, erythroderma, left eyelid tumour and tumour in 3, 2, 1, 1 and 1 cases, respectively.Conclusion: Maculopapular rash frequently observed in AITL patients is a reactive process not associated with a specific skin lesion. Specific skin lesions in AITL are much less common and can be represented by various forms. In some AITL cases, skin changes of the reactive and tumour nature can be simultaneously observed.
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11
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Tanzima Nuhat S, Sakata-Yanagimoto M, Komori D, Hattori K, Suehara Y, Fukumoto K, Fujisawa M, Kusakabe M, Matsue K, Wakamatsu H, Shimadzu M, Chiba S. Droplet digital polymerase chain reaction assay and peptide nucleic acid-locked nucleic acid clamp method for RHOA mutation detection in angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma. Cancer Sci 2018; 109:1682-1689. [PMID: 29493850 PMCID: PMC5980118 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Revised: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Angioimmunoblastic T‐cell lymphoma (AITL) is a subtype of nodal peripheral T‐cell lymphoma (PTCL). Somatic RHOA mutations, most frequently found at the hotspot site c.50G > T, p.Gly17Val (G17V RHOA mutation) are a genetic hallmark of AITL. Detection of the G17V RHOA mutations assists prompt and appropriate diagnosis of AITL. However, an optimal detection method for the G17V RHOA mutation remains to be elucidated. We compared the sensitivity and concordance of next‐generation sequencing (NGS), droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) and peptide nucleic acid‐locked nucleic acid (PNA‐LNA) clamp method for detecting the G17V RHOA mutation. G17V RHOA mutations were identified in 27 of 67 (40.3%) PTCL samples using NGS. ddPCR and PNA‐LNA clamp method both detected G17V mutations in 4 samples in addition to those detected with NGS (31 of 67, 46.3%). Additionally, variant allele frequencies with ddPCR and those with NGS showed high concordance (P < .001). Three other RHOA mutations involving the p.Gly17 position (c.[49G > T;50G > T], p.Gly17Leu in PTCL198; c.[50G > T;51A > C], p.Gly17Val in PTCL216; and c.50G > A, p.Gly17Glu in PTCL223) were detected using NGS. These sequence changes could not appropriately be detected using the ddPCR assay and the PNA‐LNA clamp method although both indicated that the samples might have mutations. In total, 34 out of 67 PTCL samples (50.7%) had RHOA mutations at the p.Gly17 position. In conclusion, our results suggested that a combination of ddPCR/PNA‐LNA clamp methods and NGS are best method to assist the diagnosis of AITL by detecting RHOA mutations at the p.Gly17 position.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharna Tanzima Nuhat
- Department of Hematology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | | | - Daisuke Komori
- Department of Hematology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Keiichiro Hattori
- Department of Hematology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Suehara
- Department of Hematology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Kota Fukumoto
- Department of Hematology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Manabu Fujisawa
- Department of Hematology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Manabu Kusakabe
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Kosei Matsue
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kameda Medical Center, Kamogawa, Japan
| | | | | | - Shigeru Chiba
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.,Life Science Centre of Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
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12
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STAT5 inhibition induces TRAIL/DR4 dependent apoptosis in peripheral T-cell lymphoma. Oncotarget 2018; 9:16792-16806. [PMID: 29682185 PMCID: PMC5908286 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) is a rare, aggressive, heterogeneous, Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with poor prognosis and inadequate response to current therapies. Recent sequencing studies indicate a prevalence of activating mutations in the JAK/STAT signaling pathway. Oncogenic mutations in STAT5B, observed in approximately one third of cases of multiple different PTCL subtypes, correlate with inferior patient outcomes. Therefore, interest in the development of therapeutic strategies for targeting STAT5 in PTCL is warranted. In this study, we show that the drug pimozide inhibits STAT5 in PTCL, leading to apoptotic cell death by means of the TRAIL/DR4 dependent extrinsic apoptotic pathway. Pimozide induced PTCL cell death is caspase 8 dependent, increases the expression of the TRAIL receptor, DR4, on the surface of pre-apoptotic PTCL cells, and enhances TRAIL induced apoptosis in a TRAIL dependent manner. In parallel, we show that mRNA and protein levels of intrinsic pathway BCL-2 family members and mitochondrial membrane potential remain unaffected by STAT5 knockdown and/or inhibition. In primary PTCL patient samples, pimozide inhibits STAT5 activation and induces apoptosis. Our data support a role for STAT5 inhibition in PTCL and implicate potential utility for inhibition of STAT5 and activation of the extrinsic apoptotic pathway as combination therapy in PTCL.
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13
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Aberrant alternative splicing of RHOA is associated with loss of its expression and activity in diffuse-type gastric carcinoma cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 495:1942-1947. [PMID: 29247652 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.12.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
RhoA is a member of Rho family small GTPases that regulates diverse cellular functions. Recent large-scale sequencing studies have identified recurrent somatic mutations of RHOA in diffuse-type gastric carcinoma (DGC), indicating that RHOA is a driver of DGC. In this study, we investigated the possible abnormalities of RHOA in a panel of gastric carcinoma (GC) cell lines. Pulldown assay and immunoblot analysis showed that the activity and expression of RhoA were detectable in all GC cell lines tested, except for two DGC cell lines, HSC-59 and GSU. RHOA coding region sequencing revealed that aberrant alternative splicing of RHOA occurred in these cell lines. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis showed that the expression of wild-type RHOA was nearly undetectable, whereas splicing variants were almost exclusively expressed in HSC-59 and GSU cell lines. However, the expression levels of RHOA splicing variants were very low and the corresponding proteins were not detected by immunoblotting. Moreover, the splicing isoforms of RhoA protein were neither efficiently expressed nor activated even if ectopically expressed in cells. These results indicate that aberrant alternative splicing of RHOA results in the loss of its activity and expression in DGC cells.
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14
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Fukumoto K, Nguyen TB, Chiba S, Sakata-Yanagimoto M. Review of the biologic and clinical significance of genetic mutations in angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma. Cancer Sci 2017; 109:490-496. [PMID: 28889481 PMCID: PMC5834775 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) is an age-related malignant lymphoma, characterized by immune system-dysregulated symptoms. Recent sequencing studies have clarified the recurrent mutations in ras homology family member A (RHOA) and in genes encoding epigenetic regulators, tet methyl cytosine dioxygenase 2 (TET2), DNA methyl transferase 3 alpha (DNMT3A) and isocitrate dehydrogenase 2, mitochondrial (IDH2), as well as those related to the T-cell receptor signaling pathway in AITL. In this review, we focus on how this genetic information has changed the understanding of the developmental process of AITL and will in future lead to individualized therapies for AITL patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kota Fukumoto
- Department of Hematology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba Hospital, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Tran B Nguyen
- Department of Hematology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba Hospital, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Shigeru Chiba
- Department of Hematology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba Hospital, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.,Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba Hospital, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.,Department of Hematology, University of Tsukuba Hospital, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Mamiko Sakata-Yanagimoto
- Department of Hematology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba Hospital, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.,Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba Hospital, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.,Department of Hematology, University of Tsukuba Hospital, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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15
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Watanabe M, Mizuta S, Koba Y, Ukyo N, Tamekane A. Epstein-Barr virus positive diffuse large B cell lymphoma with G17V RHOA mutation arising from peripheral T cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified. Ann Hematol 2017; 97:361-362. [PMID: 29063178 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-017-3152-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/08/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
MESH Headings
- Aged
- Amino Acid Substitution
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use
- Epstein-Barr Virus Infections/genetics
- Humans
- Karyotyping
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/genetics
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/virology
- Lymphoma, T-Cell, Peripheral/drug therapy
- Lymphoma, T-Cell, Peripheral/genetics
- Male
- Mutation, Missense
- Neoplasms, Second Primary/genetics
- Neoplasms, Second Primary/virology
- Point Mutation
- Remission Induction
- Salvage Therapy
- rhoA GTP-Binding Protein/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsumasa Watanabe
- Department of Hematology, Hyogo Prefectural Amagasaki General Medical Center, 2-17-77 Higashinaniwa-cho, Amagasaki, Hyogo, Japan.
| | - Shumpei Mizuta
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hyogo Prefectural Amagasaki General Medical Center, 2-17-77 Higashinaniwa-cho, Amagasaki, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Koba
- Department of Hematology, Hyogo Prefectural Amagasaki General Medical Center, 2-17-77 Higashinaniwa-cho, Amagasaki, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Naoya Ukyo
- Department of Hematology, Hyogo Prefectural Amagasaki General Medical Center, 2-17-77 Higashinaniwa-cho, Amagasaki, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Akira Tamekane
- Department of Hematology, Hyogo Prefectural Amagasaki General Medical Center, 2-17-77 Higashinaniwa-cho, Amagasaki, Hyogo, Japan
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16
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Clinicopathologic Analysis of Angioimmunoblastic T-cell Lymphoma With or Without RHOA G17V Mutation Using Formalin-fixed Paraffin-embedded Sections. Am J Surg Pathol 2016; 40:1041-50. [DOI: 10.1097/pas.0000000000000651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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17
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Concurrent Mutations in ATM and Genes Associated with Common γ Chain Signaling in Peripheral T Cell Lymphoma. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0141906. [PMID: 26536348 PMCID: PMC4633051 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0141906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Peripheral T cell lymphoma (PTCL) is a heterogeneous malignancy with poor response to current therapeutic strategies and incompletely characterized genetics. We conducted whole exome sequencing of matched PTCL and non-malignant samples from 12 patients, spanning 8 subtypes, to identify potential oncogenic mutations in PTCL. Analysis of the mutations identified using computational algorithms, CHASM, PolyPhen2, PROVEAN, and MutationAssessor to predict the impact of these mutations on protein function and PTCL tumorigenesis, revealed 104 somatic mutations that were selected as high impact by all four algorithms. Our analysis identified recurrent somatic missense or nonsense mutations in 70 genes, 9 of which contained mutations predicted significant by all 4 algorithms: ATM, RUNX1T1, WDR17, NTRK3, TP53, TRMT12, CACNA2D1, INTS8, and KCNH8. We observed somatic mutations in ATM (ataxia telangiectasia-mutated) in 5 out of the 12 samples and mutations in the common gamma chain (γc) signaling pathway (JAK3, IL2RG, STAT5B) in 3 samples, all of which also harbored mutations in ATM. Our findings contribute insights into the genetics of PTCL and suggest a relationship between γc signaling and ATM in T cell malignancy.
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18
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Zhang L, Wu X, Guan P, Qiu L. [The second generation sequencing technology and its application in the field of hematologic malignancies]. ZHONGHUA XUE YE XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA XUEYEXUE ZAZHI 2015; 36:716-20. [PMID: 26462650 PMCID: PMC7348261 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2015.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Instilute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, CAMS & PUMC, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Xiujin Wu
- Instilute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, CAMS & PUMC, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Pujun Guan
- Instilute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, CAMS & PUMC, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Lugui Qiu
- Instilute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, CAMS & PUMC, Tianjin 300020, China
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19
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Chiba S, Enami T, Ogawa S, Sakata-Yanagimoto M. G17V RHOA: Genetic evidence of GTP-unbound RHOA playing a role in tumorigenesis in T cells. Small GTPases 2015; 6:100-3. [PMID: 26103434 DOI: 10.4161/21541248.2014.988088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
RHOA is a member of RHO family small GTPases. Over the past 2 decades, numerous biochemical and cell biological studies on RHOA have demonstrated signalings such as activation of RHO-associated coiled-coil forming kinases through guanine nucleotide exchange and GTP hydrolysis, cellular responses such as actin fiber formation and myocin activation, biological consequences such as cell motility and cytokineses, etc. There have also been a plenty of active discussion on the roles of RHOA in tumorigenesis, primarily based on gain- and loss-of-function experiments. However, cell-type-specific functions of RHOA have only recently been delineated by conditional gene targeting strategies. Furthermore, very little information had been available on human cancer genetics until we and others recently reported frequent somatic RHOA mutations in a distinct subtype of T-cell-type malignant lymphoma called angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL), and other T-cell lymphoma with AITL-like features. The RHOA mutations were very specific to these types of lymphoma among hematologic malignancies, and a single hotspot, glycine at the 17th position, was affected by the replacement with valine (G17V). Remarkably, G17V RHOA did not bind GTP, and moreover, it inhibited the GTP binding to wild-type RHOA. How G17V RHOA contributes to T-cell lymphomagenesis needs to be clarified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeru Chiba
- a Department of Hematology; Faculty of Medicine; University of Tsukuba ; Tskuba , Japan
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20
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New developments in the pathology of malignant lymphoma: a review of the literature published from October 2014-December 2014. J Hematop 2015; 8:21-29. [PMID: 25798206 PMCID: PMC4357643 DOI: 10.1007/s12308-015-0240-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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21
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van Krieken JH. New developments in the pathology of malignant lymphoma. A review of the literature published from August 2014 to October 2014. J Hematop 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s12308-014-0224-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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