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Banerjee A, Ray A, Barpanda A, Dash A, Gupta I, Nissa MU, Zhu H, Shah A, Duttagupta SP, Goel A, Srivastava S. Evaluation of autoantibody signatures in pituitary adenoma patients using human proteome arrays. Proteomics Clin Appl 2022; 16:e2100111. [PMID: 35939377 DOI: 10.1002/prca.202100111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To identify the specific diagnostic biomarkers related to pituitary adenomas (PAs), we performed serological antibody profiles for three types of PAs, namely Acromegaly, Cushing's and Nonfunctional Pituitary Adenomas (NFPAs), using the human proteome (HuProt) microarray. This is the first study describing the serum autoantibody profile of PAs. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We performed serological autoantibody profiling of four healthy controls, four Acromegaly, three Cushing's and three NFPAs patient samples to obtain their autoantibody profiles, which were used for studying expression, interaction and altered biological pathways. Further, significant autoantibodies of PAs were compared with data available for glioma, meningioma and AAgAtlas for their specificity. RESULTS Autoantibody profile of PAs led to the identification of differentially expressed significant proteins such as AKNAD1 (AT-Hook Transcription Factor [AKNA] Domain Containing 1), NINJ1 (Nerve injury-induced protein 1), L3HYPDH (Trans-3-hydroxy-L-proline dehydratase), RHOG (Rho-related GTP-binding protein) and PTP4A1 (Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Type IVA 1) in Acromegaly. Protein ABR (Active breakpoint cluster region-related protein), ST6GALNAC6 (ST6 N-acetylgalactosaminide alpha-2, 6-sialyltransferase 6), NOL3 (Nucleolar protein 3), ANXA8 (Annexin A8) and POLR2H (RNA polymerase II, I and III subunit H) showed an antigenic response in Cushing's patient's serum samples. Protein dipeptidyl peptidase 3 (DPP3) and reticulon-4 (RTN4) exhibited a very high antigenic response in NFPA patients. These proteins hold promise as potential autoantibody biomarkers in PAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arghya Banerjee
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, India
| | - Arka Ray
- Centre for Research in Nanotechnology & Science (CRNTS), Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, India
| | - Abhilash Barpanda
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, India
| | - Ankita Dash
- Miranda House, University of Delhi, University Enclave, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Ishika Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering, University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Mehar Un Nissa
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, India
| | - Heng Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences/High-Throughput Biology Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Abhidha Shah
- Department of Neurosurgery at King Edward Memorial Hospital and Seth G. S. Medical College, Parel, Mumbai, India
| | - Siddhartha P Duttagupta
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, India
| | - Atul Goel
- Department of Neurosurgery at King Edward Memorial Hospital and Seth G. S. Medical College, Parel, Mumbai, India
| | - Sanjeeva Srivastava
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, India
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Arang N, Gutkind JS. G Protein-Coupled receptors and heterotrimeric G proteins as cancer drivers. FEBS Lett 2021; 594:4201-4232. [PMID: 33270228 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and heterotrimeric G proteins play central roles in a diverse array of cellular processes. As such, dysregulation of GPCRs and their coupled heterotrimeric G proteins can dramatically alter the signalling landscape and functional state of a cell. Consistent with their fundamental physiological functions, GPCRs and their effector heterotrimeric G proteins are implicated in some of the most prevalent human diseases, including a complex disease such as cancer that causes significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. GPCR/G protein-mediated signalling impacts oncogenesis at multiple levels by regulating tumour angiogenesis, immune evasion, metastasis, and drug resistance. Here, we summarize the growing body of research on GPCRs and their effector heterotrimeric G proteins as drivers of cancer initiation and progression, and as emerging antitumoural therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Arang
- Department of Pharmacology, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - J Silvio Gutkind
- Department of Pharmacology, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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Bogner EM, Daly AF, Gulde S, Karhu A, Irmler M, Beckers J, Mohr H, Beckers A, Pellegata NS. miR-34a is upregulated in AIP-mutated somatotropinomas and promotes octreotide resistance. Int J Cancer 2020; 147:3523-3538. [PMID: 32856736 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.33268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Pituitary adenomas (PAs) are intracranial tumors associated with significant morbidity due to hormonal dysregulation, mass effects and have a heavy treatment burden. Growth hormone (GH)-secreting PAs (somatotropinomas) cause acromegaly-gigantism. Genetic forms of somatotropinomas due to germline AIP mutations (AIPmut+) have an early onset and are aggressive and resistant to treatment with somatostatin analogs (SSAs), including octreotide. The molecular underpinnings of these clinical features remain unclear. We investigated the role of miRNA dysregulation in AIPmut+ vs AIPmut- PA samples by array analysis. miR-34a and miR-145 were highly expressed in AIPmut+ vs AIPmut- somatotropinomas. Ectopic expression of AIPmut (p.R271W) in Aip-/- mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) upregulated miR-34a and miR-145, establishing a causal link between AIPmut and miRNA expression. In PA cells (GH3), miR-34a overexpression promoted proliferation, clonogenicity, migration and suppressed apoptosis, whereas miR-145 moderately affected proliferation and apoptosis. Moreover, high miR-34a expression increased intracellular cAMP, a critical mitogenic factor in PAs. Crucially, high miR-34a expression significantly blunted octreotide-mediated GH inhibition and antiproliferative effects. miR-34a directly targets Gnai2 encoding Gαi2, a G protein subunit inhibiting cAMP production. Accordingly, Gαi2 levels were significantly lower in AIPmut+ vs AIPmut- PA. Taken together, somatotropinomas with AIP mutations overexpress miR-34a, which in turn downregulates Gαi2 expression, increases cAMP concentration and ultimately promotes cell growth. Upregulation of miR-34a also impairs the hormonal and antiproliferative response of PA cells to octreotide. Thus, miR-34a is a novel downstream target of mutant AIP that promotes a cellular phenotype mirroring the aggressive clinical features of AIPmut+ acromegaly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva-Maria Bogner
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Adrian F Daly
- Department of Endocrinology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, Liège Université, Liège, Belgium
| | - Sebastian Gulde
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Auli Karhu
- Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics & Genome-Scale Biology Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Martin Irmler
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Johannes Beckers
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,Technische Universität München, Chair of Experimental Genetics, Freising, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Hermine Mohr
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Albert Beckers
- Department of Endocrinology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, Liège Université, Liège, Belgium
| | - Natalia S Pellegata
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
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Raimondi F, Inoue A, Kadji FMN, Shuai N, Gonzalez JC, Singh G, de la Vega AA, Sotillo R, Fischer B, Aoki J, Gutkind JS, Russell RB. Rare, functional, somatic variants in gene families linked to cancer genes: GPCR signaling as a paradigm. Oncogene 2019; 38:6491-6506. [PMID: 31337866 PMCID: PMC6756116 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-0895-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Oncodriver genes are usually identified when mutations recur in multiple tumours. Different drivers often converge in the activation or repression of key cancer-relevant pathways. However, as many pathways contain multiple members of the same gene family, individual mutations might be overlooked, as each family member would necessarily have a lower mutation frequency and thus not identified as significant in any one-gene-at-a-time analysis. Here, we looked for mutated, functional sequence positions in gene families that were mutually exclusive (in patients) with another gene in the same pathway, which identified both known and new candidate oncodrivers. For instance, many inactivating mutations in multiple G-protein (particularly Gi/o) coupled receptors, are mutually exclusive with Gαs oncogenic activating mutations, both of which ultimately enhance cAMP signalling. By integrating transcriptomics and interaction data, we show that the Gs pathway is upregulated in multiple cancer types, even those lacking known GNAS activating mutations. This suggests that cancer cells may develop alternative strategies to activate adenylate cyclase signalling in multiple cancer types. Our study provides a mechanistic interpretation for several rare somatic mutations in multi-gene oncodrivers, and offers possible explanations for known and potential off-label cancer treatments, suggesting new therapeutic opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Raimondi
- BioQuant, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 267, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
- Heidelberg University Biochemistry Centre (BZH), Im Neuenheimer Feld 328, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Asuka Inoue
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8578, Miyagi, Japan
- Advanced Research & Development Programs for Medical Innovation (PRIME), Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED), Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 100-0004, Japan
| | - Francois M N Kadji
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8578, Miyagi, Japan
- Advanced Research & Development Programs for Medical Innovation (PRIME), Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED), Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 100-0004, Japan
| | - Ni Shuai
- Computational Genome Biology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Juan-Carlos Gonzalez
- BioQuant, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 267, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Heidelberg University Biochemistry Centre (BZH), Im Neuenheimer Feld 328, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gurdeep Singh
- BioQuant, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 267, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Heidelberg University Biochemistry Centre (BZH), Im Neuenheimer Feld 328, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alicia Alonso de la Vega
- Division of Molecular Thoracic Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Translational Lung Research Center (TLRC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rocio Sotillo
- Division of Molecular Thoracic Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Translational Lung Research Center (TLRC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Bernd Fischer
- Computational Genome Biology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Junken Aoki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8578, Miyagi, Japan
- Advanced Research & Development Programs for Medical Innovation (PRIME), Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED), Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 100-0004, Japan
| | - J Silvio Gutkind
- Moores Cancer Center, University of San Diego, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Robert B Russell
- BioQuant, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 267, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
- Heidelberg University Biochemistry Centre (BZH), Im Neuenheimer Feld 328, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
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Hernández-Ramírez LC, Trivellin G, Stratakis CA. Cyclic 3',5'-adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) signaling in the anterior pituitary gland in health and disease. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2018; 463:72-86. [PMID: 28822849 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2017.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The cyclic 3',5'-adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) was the first among the so-called "second messengers" to be described. It is conserved in most organisms and functions as a signal transducer by mediating the intracellular effects of multiple hormones and neurotransmitters. In this review, we first delineate how different members of the cAMP pathway ensure its correct compartmentalization and activity, mediate the terminal intracellular effects, and allow the crosstalk with other signaling pathways. We then focus on the pituitary gland, where cAMP exerts a crucial function by controlling the responsiveness of the cells to hypothalamic hormones, neurotransmitters and peripheral factors. We discuss the most relevant physiological functions mediated by cAMP in the different pituitary cell types, and summarize the defects affecting this pathway that have been reported in the literature. We finally discuss how a deregulated cAMP pathway is involved in the pathogenesis of pituitary disorders and how it affects the response to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura C Hernández-Ramírez
- Section on Endocrinology and Genetics, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 10 Center Drive, CRC, Room 1E-3216, Bethesda, MD 20892-1862, USA
| | - Giampaolo Trivellin
- Section on Endocrinology and Genetics, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 10 Center Drive, CRC, Room 1E-3216, Bethesda, MD 20892-1862, USA
| | - Constantine A Stratakis
- Section on Endocrinology and Genetics, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 10 Center Drive, CRC, Room 1E-3216, Bethesda, MD 20892-1862, USA.
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He XQ, Zhang YF, Yu JJ, Gan YY, Han NN, Zhang MX, Ge W, Deng JJ, Zheng YF, Xu XM. High expression of G-protein signaling modulator 2 in hepatocellular carcinoma facilitates tumor growth and metastasis by activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317695971. [PMID: 28347229 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317695971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the role of G-protein signaling modulator 2 in the carcinogenesis and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma. We previously showed that G-protein signaling modulator 2 was upregulated in hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma tissues through a hierarchical clustering analysis. With this study, we first assessed the expression pattern of G-protein signaling modulator 2 in hepatocellular carcinoma specimens and adjacent noncancerous tissues; clinical data were analyzed, along survival times, utilizing the Kaplan-Meier method. Moreover, the functions of G-protein signaling modulator 2 were examined using small-interfering RNAs in vitro. The results showed that G-protein signaling modulator 2 was clearly overexpressed in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues and cell lines and that the G-protein signaling modulator 2 expression level was related to tumor size and hepatitis B virus infection. Furthermore, G-protein signaling modulator 2 knockdown studies suggested that G-protein signaling modulator 2 accelerates cell growth, cell cycle, migration, and invasion and inhibits apoptosis, acting as an oncogene in hepatocellular carcinoma. Western blotting indicated that silencing of G-protein signaling modulator 2 in HepG2 and SMMC-7721 cells increased the expression levels of Bax, caspase-3, and E-cadherin, while notably suppressing the cyclin-dependent kinase 4, cyclin-dependent kinase 6, CyclinD1, Snail1, Vimentin, and matrix metallopeptidase 9 expression levels, compared with that in the control groups. In addition, we found that G-protein signaling modulator 2 can affect the expression of key proteins involved in protein kinase B activation. In conclusion, high expression of G-protein signaling modulator 2 was involved in the pathological processes of hepatocellular carcinoma through activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signaling pathway, which may provide an attractive potential diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Qin He
- 1 Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yue-Feng Zhang
- 2 Department of Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Jun Yu
- 1 Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Gan
- 1 Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Na-Na Han
- 1 Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Mei-Xia Zhang
- 1 Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Ge
- 1 Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun-Jian Deng
- 1 Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong-Fa Zheng
- 1 Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xi-Ming Xu
- 1 Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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