1
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Bonnet-Magnaval F, DesGroseillers L. The Staufen1-dependent cell cycle regulon or how a misregulated RNA-binding protein leads to cancer. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2021; 96:2192-2208. [PMID: 34018319 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, an increasing number of reports have linked the RNA-binding protein Staufen1 (STAU1) to the control of cell decision making. In non-transformed cells, STAU1 balances the expression of messenger RNA (mRNA) regulons that regulate differentiation and well-ordered cell division. Misregulation of STAU1 expression and/or functions changes the fragile balance in the expression of pro- and anti-proliferative and apoptotic genes and favours a novel equilibrium that supports cell proliferation and cancer development. The misregulation of STAU1 functions causes multiple coordinated modest effects in the post-transcriptional regulation of many RNA targets that code for cell cycle regulators, leading to dramatic consequences at the cellular level. The new tumorigenic equilibrium in STAU1-mediated gene regulation observed in cancer cells can be further altered by a slight increase in STAU1 expression that favours expression of pro-apoptotic genes and cell death. The STAU1-dependent cell cycle regulon is a good model to study how abnormal expression of an RNA-binding protein promotes cell growth and provides an advantageous selection of malignant cells in the first step of cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Bonnet-Magnaval
- Département de biochimie et médecine moléculaire, Faculté de médecine, Université de Montréal, 2900 Édouard Montpetit, Montréal, QC, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Luc DesGroseillers
- Département de biochimie et médecine moléculaire, Faculté de médecine, Université de Montréal, 2900 Édouard Montpetit, Montréal, QC, H3T 1J4, Canada
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2
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Almasi S, Jasmin BJ. The multifunctional RNA-binding protein Staufen1: an emerging regulator of oncogenesis through its various roles in key cellular events. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:7145-7160. [PMID: 34633481 PMCID: PMC8629789 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-03965-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The double-stranded multifunctional RNA-binding protein (dsRBP) Staufen was initially discovered in insects as a regulator of mRNA localization. Later, its mammalian orthologs have been described in different organisms, including humans. Two human orthologues of Staufen, named Staufen1 (STAU1) and Staufen2 (STAU2), share some structural and functional similarities. However, given their different spatio-temporal expression patterns, each of these orthologues plays distinct roles in cells. In the current review, we focus on the role of STAU1 in cell functions and cancer development. Since its discovery, STAU1 has mostly been studied for its involvement in various aspects of RNA metabolism. Given the pivotal role of RNA metabolism within cells, recent studies have explored the mechanistic impact of STAU1 in a wide variety of cell functions ranging from cell growth to cell death, as well as in various disease states. In particular, there has been increasing attention on the role of STAU1 in neuromuscular disorders, neurodegeneration, and cancer. Here, we provide an overview of the current knowledge on the role of STAU1 in RNA metabolism and cell functions. We also highlight the link between STAU1-mediated control of cellular functions and cancer development, progression, and treatment. Hence, our review emphasizes the potential of STAU1 as a novel biomarker and therapeutic target for cancer diagnosis and treatment, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shekoufeh Almasi
- grid.28046.380000 0001 2182 2255Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5 Canada
| | - Bernard J. Jasmin
- grid.28046.380000 0001 2182 2255Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5 Canada ,grid.28046.380000 0001 2182 2255The Eric J. Poulin Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, K1H 8M5 Canada
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3
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Kulkarni A, Lopez DH, Extavour CG. Shared Cell Biological Functions May Underlie Pleiotropy of Molecular Interactions in the Germ Lines and Nervous Systems of Animals. Front Ecol Evol 2020. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2020.00215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
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4
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Human Insulin Growth Factor 2 mRNA Binding Protein 2 Increases MicroRNA 33a/b Inhibition of Liver ABCA1 Expression and Alters Low-Density Apolipoprotein Levels in Mice. Mol Cell Biol 2020; 40:MCB.00058-20. [PMID: 32482798 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00058-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have linked IGF2BP2 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Mice overexpressing mIGF2BP2 have elevated cholesterol levels when fed a diet that induces hepatic steatosis. These and other studies suggest an important role for insulin growth factor 2 mRNA binding protein 2 (IGF2BP2) in the initiation and progression of several metabolic disorders. The ATPase binding cassette protein ABCA1 initiates nascent high-density apolipoprotein (HDL) biogenesis by transferring phospholipid and cholesterol to delipidated apolipoprotein AI (ApoAI). Individuals with mutational ablation of ABCA1 have Tangier disease, which is characterized by a complete loss of HDL. MicroRNA 33a and 33b (miR-33a/b) bind to the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of ABCA1 and repress its posttranscriptional gene expression. Here, we show that IGF2BP2 works together with miR-33a/b in repressing ABCA1 expression. Our data suggest that IGF2BP2 is an accessory protein of the argonaute (AGO2)-miR-33a/b-RISC complex, as it directly binds to miR-33a/b, AGO2, and the 3' UTR of ABCA1 Finally, we show that mice overexpressing human IGF2BP2 have decreased ABCA1 expression, increased low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and cholesterol blood levels, and elevated SREBP-dependent signaling. Our data support the hypothesis that IGF2BP2 has an important role in maintaining lipid homeostasis through its modulation of ABCA1 expression, as its overexpression or loss leads to dyslipidemia.
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5
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From the Argonauts Mythological Sailors to the Argonautes RNA-Silencing Navigators: Their Emerging Roles in Human-Cell Pathologies. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21114007. [PMID: 32503341 PMCID: PMC7312461 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21114007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulation of gene expression has emerged as a fundamental element of transcript homeostasis. Key effectors in this process are the Argonautes (AGOs), highly specialized RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) that form complexes, such as the RNA-Induced Silencing Complex (RISC). AGOs dictate post-transcriptional gene-silencing by directly loading small RNAs and repressing their mRNA targets through small RNA-sequence complementarity. The four human highly-conserved family-members (AGO1, AGO2, AGO3, and AGO4) demonstrate multi-faceted and versatile roles in transcriptome’s stability, plasticity, and functionality. The post-translational modifications of AGOs in critical amino acid residues, the nucleotide polymorphisms and mutations, and the deregulation of expression and interactions are tightly associated with aberrant activities, which are observed in a wide spectrum of pathologies. Through constantly accumulating information, the AGOs’ fundamental engagement in multiple human diseases has recently emerged. The present review examines new insights into AGO-driven pathology and AGO-deregulation patterns in a variety of diseases such as in viral infections and propagations, autoimmune diseases, cancers, metabolic deficiencies, neuronal disorders, and human infertility. Altogether, AGO seems to be a crucial contributor to pathogenesis and its targeting may serve as a novel and powerful therapeutic tool for the successful management of diverse human diseases in the clinic.
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6
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Visentin S, Cannone G, Doutch J, Harris G, Gleghorn ML, Clifton L, Smith BO, Spagnolo L. A multipronged approach to understanding the form and function of hStaufen protein. RNA (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2020; 26:265-277. [PMID: 31852734 PMCID: PMC7025507 DOI: 10.1261/rna.072595.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Staufen is a dsRNA-binding protein involved in many aspects of RNA regulation, such as mRNA transport, Staufen-mediated mRNA decay and the regulation of mRNA translation. It is a modular protein characterized by the presence of conserved consensus amino acid sequences that fold into double-stranded RNA binding domains (RBDs) as well as degenerated RBDs that are instead involved in protein-protein interactions. The variety of biological processes in which Staufen participates in the cell suggests that this protein associates with many diverse RNA targets, some of which have been identified experimentally. Staufen binding mediates the recruitment of effectors via protein-protein and protein-RNA interactions. The structural determinants of a number of these interactions, as well as the structure of full-length Staufen, remain unknown. Here, we present the first solution structure models for full-length hStaufen155, showing that its domains are arranged as beads-on-a-string connected by flexible linkers. In analogy with other nucleic acid-binding proteins, this could underpin Stau1 functional plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Visentin
- Institute of Molecular Cell and Systems Biology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
- Institute of Cell Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JQ, United Kingdom
- ISIS Pulsed Neutron and Muon Source, Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot OX11 OQX, United Kingdom
| | - Giuseppe Cannone
- Institute of Quantitative Biology, Biochemistry and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JQ, United Kingdom
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge CB2 0QH, United Kingdom
| | - James Doutch
- ISIS Pulsed Neutron and Muon Source, Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot OX11 OQX, United Kingdom
| | - Gemma Harris
- Research Complex at Harwell, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Research Complex at Harwell, Didcot OX11 0FA, United Kingdom
| | - Michael L Gleghorn
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, College of Science, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - Luke Clifton
- ISIS Pulsed Neutron and Muon Source, Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot OX11 OQX, United Kingdom
| | - Brian O Smith
- Institute of Molecular Cell and Systems Biology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Spagnolo
- Institute of Molecular Cell and Systems Biology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
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Gershoni-Emek N, Altman T, Ionescu A, Costa CJ, Gradus-Pery T, Willis DE, Perlson E. Localization of RNAi Machinery to Axonal Branch Points and Growth Cones Is Facilitated by Mitochondria and Is Disrupted in ALS. Front Mol Neurosci 2018; 11:311. [PMID: 30233312 PMCID: PMC6134038 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Local protein synthesis in neuronal axons plays an important role in essential spatiotemporal signaling processes; however, the molecular basis for the post-transcriptional regulation controlling this process in axons is still not fully understood. Here we studied the axonal mechanisms underlying the transport and localization of microRNA (miRNA) and the RNAi machinery along the axon. We first identified miRNAs, Dicer, and Argonaute-2 (Ago2) in motor neuron (MN) axons. We then studied the localization of RNAi machinery and demonstrated that mitochondria associate with miR-124 and RNAi proteins in axons. Importantly, this co-localization occurs primarily at axonal branch points and growth cones. Moreover, using live cell imaging of a functional Cy3-tagged miR-124, we revealed that this miRNA is actively transported with acidic compartments in axons, and associates with stalled mitochondria at growth cones and axonal branch points. Finally, we observed enhanced retrograde transport of miR-124-Cy3, and a reduction in its localization to static mitochondria in MNs expressing the ALS causative gene hSOD1G93A. Taken together, our data suggest that mitochondria participate in the axonal localization and transport of RNAi machinery, and further imply that alterations in this mechanism may be associated with neurodegeneration in ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noga Gershoni-Emek
- Sagol School of Neuroscience and Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Topaz Altman
- Sagol School of Neuroscience and Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ariel Ionescu
- Sagol School of Neuroscience and Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | | - Tal Gradus-Pery
- Sagol School of Neuroscience and Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Dianna E Willis
- Burke Neurological Institute, White Plains, NY, United States.,Brain & Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Eran Perlson
- Sagol School of Neuroscience and Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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8
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Oh Y, Park J, Kim JI, Chang MY, Lee SH, Cho YH, Hwang J. Lin28B and miR-142-3p regulate neuronal differentiation by modulating Staufen1 expression. Cell Death Differ 2017; 25:432-443. [PMID: 29099484 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2017.182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Staufen1 (STAU1) and Lin28B are RNA-binding proteins that are involved in neuronal differentiation as a function of post-transcriptional regulation. STAU1 triggers post-transcriptional regulation, including mRNA export, mRNA relocation, translation and mRNA decay. Lin28B also has multiple functions in miRNA biogenesis and the regulation of translation. Here, we examined the connection between STAU1 and Lin28B and found that Lin28B regulates the abundance of STAU1 mRNA via miRNA maturation. Decreases in the expression of both STAU1 and Lin28B were observed during neuronal differentiation. Depletion of STAU1 or Lin28B inhibited neuronal differentiation, and overexpression of STAU1 or Lin28B enhanced neuronal differentiation. Interestingly, the stability of STAU1 mRNA was modulated by miR-142-3p, whose maturation was regulated by Lin28B. Thus, miR-142-3p expression increased as Lin28B expression decreased during differentiation, leading to the reduction of STAU1 expression. The transcriptome from Staufen-mediated mRNA decay (SMD) targets during differentiation was analyzed, confirming that STAU1 was a key factor in neuronal differentiation. In support of this finding, regulation of STAU1 expression in mouse neural precursor cells had the same effects on neuronal differentiation as it did in human neuroblastoma cells. These results revealed the collaboration of two RNA-binding proteins, STAU1 and Lin28B, as a regulatory mechanism in neuronal differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Younseo Oh
- Graduate School for Biomedical Science & Engineering, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jungyun Park
- Graduate School for Biomedical Science & Engineering, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin-Il Kim
- Graduate School for Biomedical Science & Engineering, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Sang-Hun Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youl-Hee Cho
- Department of Medical Genetics, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jungwook Hwang
- Graduate School for Biomedical Science & Engineering, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Medical Genetics, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
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9
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Zealy RW, Wrenn SP, Davila S, Min KW, Yoon JH. microRNA-binding proteins: specificity and function. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-RNA 2017; 8. [DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Revised: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Richard W. Zealy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine; Medical University of South Carolina; Charleston SC USA
| | - Samuel P. Wrenn
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine; Medical University of South Carolina; Charleston SC USA
| | - Sylvia Davila
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine; Medical University of South Carolina; Charleston SC USA
| | - Kyung-Won Min
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine; Medical University of South Carolina; Charleston SC USA
| | - Je-Hyun Yoon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine; Medical University of South Carolina; Charleston SC USA
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10
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Bondy-Chorney E, Crawford Parks TE, Ravel-Chapuis A, Jasmin BJ, Côté J. Staufen1s role as a splicing factor and a disease modifier in Myotonic Dystrophy Type I. Rare Dis 2016; 4:e1225644. [PMID: 27695661 PMCID: PMC5027583 DOI: 10.1080/21675511.2016.1225644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Revised: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In a recent issue of PLOS Genetics, we reported that the double-stranded RNA-binding protein, Staufen1, functions as a disease modifier in the neuromuscular disorder Myotonic Dystrophy Type I (DM1). In this work, we demonstrated that Staufen1 regulates the alternative splicing of exon 11 of the human Insulin Receptor, a highly studied missplicing event in DM1, through Alu elements located in an intronic region. Furthermore, we found that Staufen1 overexpression regulates numerous alternative splicing events, potentially resulting in both positive and negative effects in DM1. Here, we discuss our major findings and speculate on the details of the mechanisms by which Staufen1 could regulate alternative splicing, in both normal and DM1 conditions. Finally, we highlight the importance of disease modifiers, such as Staufen1, in the DM1 pathology in order to understand the complex disease phenotype and for future development of new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Bondy-Chorney
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Center for Neuromuscular Disease , Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tara E Crawford Parks
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Center for Neuromuscular Disease , Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Aymeric Ravel-Chapuis
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Center for Neuromuscular Disease , Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bernard J Jasmin
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Center for Neuromuscular Disease , Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jocelyn Côté
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Center for Neuromuscular Disease , Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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11
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Abstract
The double-stranded RNA-binding protein Staufen has been implicated in various posttranscriptional gene regulatory processes. Here, we demonstrate that the Caenorhabditis elegans homolog of Staufen, STAU-1, functionally interacts with microRNAs. Loss-of-function mutations of stau-1 significantly suppress phenotypes of let-7 family microRNA mutants, a hypomorphic allele of dicer, and a lsy-6 microRNA partial loss-of-function mutant. Furthermore, STAU-1 modulates the activity of lin-14, a target of lin-4 and let-7 family microRNAs, and this modulation is abolished when the 3' untranslated region of lin-14 is removed. Deep sequencing of small RNA cDNA libraries reveals no dramatic change in the levels of microRNAs or other small RNA populations between wild-type and stau-1 mutants, with the exception of certain endogenous siRNAs in the WAGO pathway. The modulation of microRNA activity by STAU-1 does not seem to be associated with the previously reported enhanced exogenous RNAi (Eri) phenotype of stau-1 mutants, since eri-1 exhibits the opposite effect on microRNA activity. Altogether, our results suggest that STAU-1 negatively modulates microRNA activity downstream of microRNA biogenesis, possibly by competing with microRNAs for binding on the 3' untranslated region of target mRNAs.
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12
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Gershoni-Emek N, Mazza A, Chein M, Gradus-Pery T, Xiang X, Li KW, Sharan R, Perlson E. Proteomic Analysis of Dynein-Interacting Proteins in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Synaptosomes Reveals Alterations in the RNA-Binding Protein Staufen1. Mol Cell Proteomics 2015; 15:506-22. [PMID: 26598648 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m115.049965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Synapse disruption takes place in many neurodegenerative diseases, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). However, the mechanistic understanding of this process is still limited. We set out to study a possible role for dynein in synapse integrity. Cytoplasmic dynein is a multisubunit intracellular molecule responsible for diverse cellular functions, including long-distance transport of vesicles, organelles, and signaling factors toward the cell center. A less well-characterized role dynein may play is the spatial clustering and anchoring of various factors including mRNAs in distinct cellular domains such as the neuronal synapse. Here, in order to gain insight into dynein functions in synapse integrity and disruption, we performed a screen for novel dynein interactors at the synapse. Dynein immunoprecipitation from synaptic fractions of the ALS model mSOD1(G93A) and wild-type controls, followed by mass spectrometry analysis on synaptic fractions of the ALS model mSOD1(G93A) and wild-type controls, was performed. Using advanced network analysis, we identified Staufen1, an RNA-binding protein required for the transport and localization of neuronal RNAs, as a major mediator of dynein interactions via its interaction with protein phosphatase 1-beta (PP1B). Both in vitro and in vivo validation assays demonstrate the interactions of Staufen1 and PP1B with dynein, and their colocalization with synaptic markers was altered as a result of two separate ALS-linked mutations: mSOD1(G93A) and TDP43(A315T). Taken together, we suggest a model in which dynein's interaction with Staufen1 regulates mRNA localization along the axon and the synapses, and alterations in this process may correlate with synapse disruption and ALS toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noga Gershoni-Emek
- From the ‡Sagol School of Neuroscience and Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler School of Medicine and
| | - Arnon Mazza
- §Blavatnik School of Computer Science, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Michael Chein
- From the ‡Sagol School of Neuroscience and Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler School of Medicine and
| | - Tal Gradus-Pery
- From the ‡Sagol School of Neuroscience and Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler School of Medicine and
| | - Xin Xiang
- ¶Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, the Uniformed Services University of Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD
| | - Ka Wan Li
- ‖Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Roded Sharan
- §Blavatnik School of Computer Science, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Eran Perlson
- From the ‡Sagol School of Neuroscience and Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler School of Medicine and
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