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Mandetta ARH, Machado MADAM, Costa PB, Santos EM, Leal Gonçalves ML, Sobral APT, da Silva JVP, Prates RA, Deana AM, Bussadori SK. Evaluation of REFIX Technology on the Remineralization of Artificial Early Enamel Caries Lesion by Laser Speckle Tracking Analysis. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2024; 17:e202400144. [PMID: 39221542 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202400144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the effectiveness of the REFIX technology in the remineralization process of initial caries simulated on bovine enamel. The assessment involved the analysis of backscatter intensity, which was determined from laser speckle images. METHOD Twenty-one bovine teeth were divided into three groups: G1 and G7 were submitted to treatment with the REFIX technology for 1 and 7 days, respectively. The control group was treated with deionized water. RESULTS A significant difference in backscatter was found between the carious and sound areas in all groups (p = 0.0038, p < 0.0001, and p = 0.0002 for the control group, G1, and G7, respectively). The intergroup comparison revealed no significant difference among the groups studied. CONCLUSION REFIX technology did not alter the optical properties of the samples of bovine teeth with simulated initial caries lesions after 1 and 7 days of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Patrícia Bella Costa
- Coordinator of the Postgraduate Course in Dentistry at Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, SP Unit SP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Elaine Marcílio Santos
- Postgraduation Program in Health and Environment, Universidade Metropolitana de Santos-UNIMES, Santos, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Paula Taboada Sobral
- Postgraduation Program in Health and Environment, Universidade Metropolitana de Santos-UNIMES, Santos, SP, Brazil
- School of Dentistry, Universidade Metropolitana de Santos, Santos, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Renato Araujo Prates
- Postgraduation Program in Biophotonic Medicine, Universidade Nove de Julho-UNINOVE, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Alessandro Melo Deana
- Postgraduation Program in Biophotonic Medicine, Universidade Nove de Julho-UNINOVE, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Sandra Kalil Bussadori
- Postgraduation Program in Biophotonic Medicine, Universidade Nove de Julho-UNINOVE, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Abi Nassif L, Mikhael M, Pellen F, Faraj M, Mhanna R, Le Jeune B, Le Brun G, Daou M, Abboud M. Assessment of the efficiency of dental excavation methods using laser speckle imaging. Lasers Med Sci 2024; 39:137. [PMID: 38795227 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-024-04094-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/27/2024]
Abstract
This paper introduces a novel application of the laser speckle technique in dentistry, focusing on assessing the efficiency of dental excavation methods used to remove decayed tooth structure. The aim is to evaluate the efficiency of two chemo-mechanical agents and the high-speed drill using the laser speckle technique, which offers objective, non-invasive, and real-time evaluation capabilities. Extracted human primary molars with active occlusal carious lesions were sectioned into three parts, with each part allocated to one of three groups: Group 1 (Brix3000®), Group 2 (Papacarie DUO®), and Group 3 (High-speed drill mechanical caries removal). Caries removal was performed using the designated agent or method for each group. After caries excavation, speckle imaging using a 632.8 nm laser was conducted. Additionally, SEM was used to acquire micro-photographs of the surface morphology of the treated samples. The findings reveal insights into the comparative efficiency of the three dental excavation agents and methods using the laser speckle technique. The speckle parameters extracted from speckle patterns generated by treated teeth provide valuable information for evaluating the performance of the excavation methods. The scanning electron microscopy images also offer detailed visual evidence to support the analysis. This paper demonstrates the potential of the laser speckle technique for assessing the efficiency of dental excavation methods. The objective, non-invasive, and real-time evaluation provided offers advantages over subjective visual assessment and manual measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea Abi Nassif
- Physics Department, UR TVA, Faculty of Science, Saint Joseph University, B.P. 11-514 Riad El Solh Beirut, Beirut, 1107 2050, Lebanon
- Laboratoire OPTIMAG, University of Bretagne Occidentale, 6 Avenue Le Gorgeu, C.S. 93837, 29238, Brest Cedex 3, France
| | - Maria Mikhael
- Craniofacial Research Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Saint Joseph University, B.P. 11-514 Riad El Solh, Beirut, 1107 2050, Lebanon
| | - Fabrice Pellen
- Laboratoire OPTIMAG, University of Bretagne Occidentale, 6 Avenue Le Gorgeu, C.S. 93837, 29238, Brest Cedex 3, France
| | - Marwa Faraj
- Biomedical Engineering Program, Maroun Semaan Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, American University of Beirut, Beirut, 1107 2020, Lebanon
| | - Rami Mhanna
- Biomedical Engineering Program, Maroun Semaan Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, American University of Beirut, Beirut, 1107 2020, Lebanon
| | - Bernard Le Jeune
- Laboratoire OPTIMAG, University of Bretagne Occidentale, 6 Avenue Le Gorgeu, C.S. 93837, 29238, Brest Cedex 3, France
| | - Guy Le Brun
- Laboratoire OPTIMAG, University of Bretagne Occidentale, 6 Avenue Le Gorgeu, C.S. 93837, 29238, Brest Cedex 3, France
| | - Maha Daou
- Craniofacial Research Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Saint Joseph University, B.P. 11-514 Riad El Solh, Beirut, 1107 2050, Lebanon
| | - Marie Abboud
- Physics Department, UR TVA, Faculty of Science, Saint Joseph University, B.P. 11-514 Riad El Solh Beirut, Beirut, 1107 2050, Lebanon.
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Qureshi MM, Allam N, Im J, Kwon HS, Chung E, Vitkin IA. Advances in laser speckle imaging: From qualitative to quantitative hemodynamic assessment. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2024; 17:e202300126. [PMID: 37545037 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202300126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Laser speckle imaging (LSI) techniques have emerged as a promising method for visualizing functional blood vessels and tissue perfusion by analyzing the speckle patterns generated by coherent light interacting with living biological tissue. These patterns carry important biophysical tissue information including blood flow dynamics. The noninvasive, label-free, and wide-field attributes along with relatively simple instrumental schematics make it an appealing imaging modality in preclinical and clinical applications. The review outlines the fundamentals of speckle physics and the three categories of LSI techniques based on their degree of quantification: qualitative, semi-quantitative and quantitative. Qualitative LSI produces microvascular maps by capturing speckle contrast variations between blood vessels containing moving red blood cells and the surrounding static tissue. Semi-quantitative techniques provide a more accurate analysis of blood flow dynamics by accounting for the effect of static scattering on spatiotemporal parameters. Quantitative LSI such as optical speckle image velocimetry provides quantitative flow velocity measurements, which is inspired by the particle image velocimetry in fluid mechanics. Additionally, discussions regarding the prospects of future innovations in LSI techniques for optimizing the vascular flow quantification with associated clinical outlook are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Mohsin Qureshi
- Division of Biophysics and Bioimaging, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Nader Allam
- Division of Biophysics and Bioimaging, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jeongmyo Im
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuk-Sang Kwon
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Euiheon Chung
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- AI Graduate School, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - I Alex Vitkin
- Division of Biophysics and Bioimaging, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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Singh MD, Lilge L, Vitkin A. Spatial analysis of polarimetric images to enhance near-surface sampling sensitivity: feasibility in demineralized teeth and other tissue-like media. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2023; 28:102906. [PMID: 37692083 PMCID: PMC10492592 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.28.10.102906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Significance Early tooth demineralization may be detectable through spatial analysis of polarized light images as demonstrated in this study. This may also prove useful in the early detection of epithelial tumors that comprise the majority of the cancer burden worldwide. Aim The spatial properties of polarized light images have not been greatly exploited in biomedicine to improve sensitivity to superficial tissue regions; therefore, we investigate the optical sampling depth effects as a function of location in the backscattered polarimetric images. Approach Backscattered linear polarization intensity distributions exhibit four-lobed patterns arising through single-scattering, multiple-scattering, and geometrical effects. These photon pathway dynamics are investigated through experimental imaging of microsphere suspensions along with corroborative computational polarization-sensitive Monte Carlo modeling. The studied sampling depth effects of linear and circular polarization images (explored in a previous study) are then evaluated on normal and demineralized human teeth, which are known to differ in their surface and sub-surface structures. Results Backscattered linear polarization images exhibit enhanced sensitivity to near-surface properties of media (for example, surface roughness and turbidity) at specific locations within the four-lobed patterns. This yields improved differentiation of two tooth types when spatially selecting image regions in the direction perpendicular to the incident linear polarization vector. Circular polarimetric imaging also yields improved differentiation through spatial selection of regions close to the site of illumination. Improved sensitivity to superficial tissues is achieved through a combination of these linear and circular polarimetric imaging approaches. Conclusions Heightened sampling sensitivity to tissue microstructure in the surface/near-surface region of turbid tissue-like media and dental tissue is achieved through a judicious spatial selection of specific regions in the resultant co-linear and cross-circular backscattered polarimetric images.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael D. Singh
- University of Toronto, Department of Medical Biophysics, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lothar Lilge
- University of Toronto, Department of Medical Biophysics, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- University Health Network, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alex Vitkin
- University of Toronto, Department of Medical Biophysics, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- University Health Network, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- University of Toronto, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Youssef D, Fekry O, Badr A, Afify A, Hamed E. A new perspective on quantitative assessment of photodynamic therapy mediated hydrogel nanocomposite in wound healing using objective biospeckle and morphological local-gradient. Comput Biol Med 2023; 163:107196. [PMID: 37356291 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.107196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Skin wounding is a serious public health issue, especially when considering factors that accelerate tissue recovery. Consequently, the use of photodynamic therapy (PDT) as an effective wound-healing treatment has attracted more scientific attention. Although assessing the wound healing rate is crucial for appropriate monitoring of the probability of wound healing and evaluating the treatment efficiency, the currently used techniques lack the ability to provide such information. Therefore, this study has two aims, first, it contributes to the development of a new image-guided biospeckle system for quantitative monitoring of skin wound healing rate. Second, it evaluates the potential of using a novel synthesized PDT-mediated polyethylene glycol fabric with methylene blue (PEG-MB) hydrogel nanocomposite in accelerating wound healing. The proposed imaging system initially acquires raw biospeckle images from the wound regions of adult healthy albino mice treated with the synthesized hydrogel nanocomposite. Each raw biospeckle image is then converted into maps of morphological local-gradient matrices implemented from the combination of dilation and erosion operations at different radii up to 25 pixels. Subsequently, their intensity histogram statistics are computed, taking central moments as the feature set. Final characterization is achieved via a linear combination of the biospeckle statistics maintaining as much variance as possible using principal component analysis (PCA). The results confirmed by cytokine concentration measurement and histological investigation demonstrate that the innovative biospeckle image-guided system is ideal for investigating wound healing and suggest the potential of the hydrogel nanocomposite as an active dressing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doaa Youssef
- Department of Engineering Applications of Lasers, National Institute of Laser Enhanced Sciences, Cairo University, Egypt.
| | - Osama Fekry
- Department of Medical Applications of Lasers, National Institute of Laser Enhanced Sciences, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Abeer Badr
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Afify
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Eman Hamed
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Egypt
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Devadiga D, Shetty P, Hegde MN. Characterization of dynamic process of carious and erosive demineralization - an overview. J Conserv Dent 2022; 25:454-462. [PMID: 36506627 PMCID: PMC9733543 DOI: 10.4103/jcd.jcd_161_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
To review the analytical methods for carious and erosive demineralization an initial search of peer-reviewed scientific literature from the digital library database of PubMed/Medline indexed journals published up to early 2022 was carried out based on keywords relevant to the topic criteria including bibliographic citations from the papers to gather the most updated information. This current review aims to provide an updated overview of the advantages, limitations, and potential applications of direct and indirect research methods available for studying various dynamic stages of carious and erosive demineralization in enamel and dentin. This paper categorizes and describes the most suitable, frequently adopted and widely used quantitative and qualitative techniques in in vitro/in vivo research which are well-established, emerging, or comparatively novel techniques that are being explored for their potential validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darshana Devadiga
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, A.B Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, Karnataka, India,Address for correspondence: Prof. Darshana Devadiga, Departments of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, A.B Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, Karnataka, India. E-mail:
| | - Pushparaj Shetty
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, A.B Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Mithra N. Hegde
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, A.B Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, Karnataka, India
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Amaral MM, Del-Valle M, Raele MP, De Pretto LR, Ana PA. Osteoporosis evaluation through full developed speckle imaging. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2020; 13:e202000025. [PMID: 32277566 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202000025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a disease characterized by bone mineral density reduction, weakening the bone structure. Its diagnosis is performed using ionizing radiation, increasing health risk. Optical techniques are safer, due to non-ionizing radiation use, but limited to the analyses of bone tissue. This limitation may be circumvented in the oral cavity. In this work we explored the use of laser speckle imaging (LSI) to differentiate the sound and osteoporotic maxilla and mandible bones in an in vitro model. Osteoporosis lesions were simulated with acid attack. The samples were evaluated by optical profilometry and LSI, using a custom software. Two image parameters were evaluated, speckle contrast ration and patches ratio. With the speckle contrast ratio, it was possible to differentiate sound from osteoporotic tissue. From speckle patches ratio it was observed a negative correlation with the roughness parameter. LSI is a promissory technique for assessment of osteoporosis lesions on alveolar bone.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Matheus Del-Valle
- Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN - CNEN/SP, São Paulo, Brazil
- Center for Engineering, Modeling and Applied Social Sciences, Federal University of ABC, São Bernardo do Campo, Brazil
| | - Marcus Paulo Raele
- Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN - CNEN/SP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Patricia Aparecida Ana
- Center for Engineering, Modeling and Applied Social Sciences, Federal University of ABC, São Bernardo do Campo, Brazil
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Olivan SRG, Sfalcin RA, Fernandes KPS, Ferrari RAM, Horliana ACRT, Motta LJ, Ortega SM, Pinto MM, Deana AM, Bussadori SK. Preventive effect of remineralizing materials on dental erosion lesions by speckle technique: An in vitro analysis. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2020; 29:101655. [PMID: 31923635 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2020.101655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the preventive effect of different materials on dental erosion lesions by speckle coherent light scattering analysis. Forty bovine teeth were divided in the following groups (n = 10): 1) DURA- Preventive Treatment with Fluoride Varnish (Duraphat, Colgate-Palmolive); 2) ELX- Preventive treatment with Elmex® Erosion Protection Toothpaste (GABA International AG, Therwil, Switzerland); 3) MP- Preventive treatment with MI Paste® (GC America); and 4) REG- Preventive Treatment with Regenerate Enamel Science™ (Unilever). For all groups, each sample was divided into 3 areas: non-treatment (control); preventive treatment + erosive challenge; non-treatment + erosive challenge. The erosive challenge was carried out using Sprite® Zero soft drink (pH 2.58). After the erosive challenge, the samples were evaluated by speckle coherent light scattering method in the eroded area compared to the sound area. The results showed that there was a statistically significant difference between eroded area with and without preventive treatment, however, there was no statistically significant difference among the different preventive materials tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Regina Garcia Olivan
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences and Rehabilitation Sciences, University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), Vergueiro St., 235/249, ZIP: 01504-001, Liberdade, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Ravana Angelini Sfalcin
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences and Rehabilitation Sciences, University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), Vergueiro St., 235/249, ZIP: 01504-001, Liberdade, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Kristianne Porta Santos Fernandes
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences and Rehabilitation Sciences, University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), Vergueiro St., 235/249, ZIP: 01504-001, Liberdade, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Raquel Agnelli Mesquita Ferrari
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences and Rehabilitation Sciences, University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), Vergueiro St., 235/249, ZIP: 01504-001, Liberdade, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Anna Carolina Ratto Tempestini Horliana
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences and Rehabilitation Sciences, University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), Vergueiro St., 235/249, ZIP: 01504-001, Liberdade, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Lara Jansiski Motta
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences and Rehabilitation Sciences, University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), Vergueiro St., 235/249, ZIP: 01504-001, Liberdade, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Silvana Machado Ortega
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences and Rehabilitation Sciences, University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), Vergueiro St., 235/249, ZIP: 01504-001, Liberdade, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Marcelo Mendes Pinto
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences and Rehabilitation Sciences, University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), Vergueiro St., 235/249, ZIP: 01504-001, Liberdade, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Alessandro Melo Deana
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences and Rehabilitation Sciences, University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), Vergueiro St., 235/249, ZIP: 01504-001, Liberdade, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Sandra Kalil Bussadori
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences and Rehabilitation Sciences, University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), Vergueiro St., 235/249, ZIP: 01504-001, Liberdade, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Remineralization of early enamel caries lesions induced by bioactive particles: An in vitro speckle analysis. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2019; 28:201-209. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2019.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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10
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Gavinho LG, Araujo SA, Bussadori SK, Silva JVP, Deana AM. Detection of white spot lesions by segmenting laser speckle images using computer vision methods. Lasers Med Sci 2018; 33:1565-1571. [PMID: 29728943 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-018-2520-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
This paper aims to develop a method for laser speckle image segmentation of tooth surfaces for diagnosis of early stages caries. The method, applied directly to a raw image obtained by digital photography, is based on the difference between the speckle pattern of a carious lesion tooth surface area and that of a sound area. Each image is divided into blocks which are identified in a working matrix by their χ2 distance between block histograms of the analyzed image and the reference histograms previously obtained by K-means from healthy (h_Sound) and lesioned (h_Decay) areas, separately. If the χ2 distance between a block histogram and h_Sound is greater than the distance to h_Decay, this block is marked as decayed. The experiments showed that the method can provide effective segmentation for initial lesions. We used 64 images to test the algorithm and we achieved 100% accuracy in segmentation. Differences between the speckle pattern of a sound tooth surface region and a carious region, even in the early stage, can be evidenced by the χ2 distance between histograms. This method proves to be more effective for segmenting the laser speckle image, which enhances the contrast between sound and lesioned tissues. The results were obtained with low computational cost. The method has the potential for early diagnosis in a clinical environment, through the development of low-cost portable equipment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciano G Gavinho
- Computer Science, Universidade Nove de Julho - Campus Vergueiro, Rua Vergueiro, 235, São Paulo, SP, 04716-003, Brazil.
| | - Sidnei A Araujo
- Computer Science, Universidade Nove de Julho - Campus Vergueiro, Rua Vergueiro, 235, São Paulo, SP, 04716-003, Brazil
| | - Sandra K Bussadori
- Computer Science, Universidade Nove de Julho - Campus Vergueiro, Rua Vergueiro, 235, São Paulo, SP, 04716-003, Brazil
| | - João V P Silva
- Computer Science, Universidade Nove de Julho - Campus Vergueiro, Rua Vergueiro, 235, São Paulo, SP, 04716-003, Brazil
| | - Alessandro M Deana
- Computer Science, Universidade Nove de Julho - Campus Vergueiro, Rua Vergueiro, 235, São Paulo, SP, 04716-003, Brazil
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11
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Olivan SRG, Deana AM, Pinto MM, Sfalcin RA, Fernandes KPS, Mesquita-Ferrari RA, Prates RA, Bussadori SK. Diagnosis of occlusal caries lesions in deciduous molars by coherent light scattering pattern speckle. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2017; 18:221-225. [PMID: 28300725 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2017.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Revised: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study presents the correlation between laser speckle images and detection of incipient caries lesions from changs in the microstructure of the surface of tooth enamel. METHODS We used 30 healthy deciduous molar teeth collected from the Biobank Human Teeth, Faculty of Dentistry, University of São Paulo who had carious lesions induced by the pH cycling method. The samples were evaluated for the diagnosis of caries by two methods ICDAS and speckle pattern of coherent light scattering after 5, 10 and 15days and the results were statistically analyzed using α=0.05 significance level. RESULTS A significant difference was observed between the image of the speckle scattering of healthy and injured areas within the 3 study groups, but not when comparing the three groups, showing us that it is an innovative technique that needs further study, but can be used as a diagnostic method for the detection of early caries lesions. CONCLUSION It can be concluded that the analysis of scattering speckle pattern is a diagnostic technique that provides information on the microstructure of the surface of tooth enamel which has sensitivity for detection of incipient caries lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Regina Garcia Olivan
- Department of Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, University Nove de Julho, UNINOVE, São Paulo, Brazil; School of Dentistry, University Nove de Julho, UNINOVE, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alessandro Melo Deana
- Department of Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, University Nove de Julho, UNINOVE, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Ravana Angelini Sfalcin
- Department of Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, University Nove de Julho, UNINOVE, São Paulo, Brazil; School of Dentistry, University Nove de Julho, UNINOVE, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Kristianne Porta Santos Fernandes
- Department of Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, University Nove de Julho, UNINOVE, São Paulo, Brazil; School of Dentistry, University Nove de Julho, UNINOVE, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Renato Araujo Prates
- Department of Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, University Nove de Julho, UNINOVE, São Paulo, Brazil; School of Dentistry, University Nove de Julho, UNINOVE, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sandra Kalil Bussadori
- Department of Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, University Nove de Julho, UNINOVE, São Paulo, Brazil; School of Dentistry, University Nove de Julho, UNINOVE, São Paulo, Brazil.
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12
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van der Kooij HM, Fokkink R, van der Gucht J, Sprakel J. Quantitative imaging of heterogeneous dynamics in drying and aging paints. Sci Rep 2016; 6:34383. [PMID: 27682840 PMCID: PMC5041151 DOI: 10.1038/srep34383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Drying and aging paint dispersions display a wealth of complex phenomena that make their study fascinating yet challenging. To meet the growing demand for sustainable, high-quality paints, it is essential to unravel the microscopic mechanisms underlying these phenomena. Visualising the governing dynamics is, however, intrinsically difficult because the dynamics are typically heterogeneous and span a wide range of time scales. Moreover, the high turbidity of paints precludes conventional imaging techniques from reaching deep inside the paint. To address these challenges, we apply a scattering technique, Laser Speckle Imaging, as a versatile and quantitative tool to elucidate the internal dynamics, with microscopic resolution and spanning seven decades of time. We present a toolbox of data analysis and image processing methods that allows a tailored investigation of virtually any turbid dispersion, regardless of the geometry and substrate. Using these tools we watch a variety of paints dry and age with unprecedented detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanne M van der Kooij
- Physical Chemistry and Soft Matter, Wageningen University &Research, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands.,Dutch Polymer Institute (DPI), P.O. Box 902, 5600 AX Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Remco Fokkink
- Physical Chemistry and Soft Matter, Wageningen University &Research, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jasper van der Gucht
- Physical Chemistry and Soft Matter, Wageningen University &Research, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Joris Sprakel
- Physical Chemistry and Soft Matter, Wageningen University &Research, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Papain gel containing methylene blue for simultaneous caries removal and antimicrobial photoinactivation against Streptococcus mutans biofilms. Sci Rep 2016; 6:33270. [PMID: 27641507 PMCID: PMC5027554 DOI: 10.1038/srep33270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
This study intended to evaluate the effects of a papain-gel with a red-light absorbing pigment (methylene blue – MB) to mediate photodynamic therapy (PDT) against Streptococcus mutans biofilms. The PapaMBlue was compared with free MB to generate reactive oxygen species using fluorescence probes (SOSG and HPF). PDT (660-nm light) was carried out against S. mutans biofilms grown on either plastic dishes or on collagen membrane and assayed by CFU, live-dead staining using confocal microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and H&E staining for collagen films. Cytotoxicity and subcellular localization was studied in human fibroblasts. Sponges of bioabsorbable type I collagen membrane were exposed to papain based gel, irradiated with laser and analyzed about their integrity by ATR-FTIR. The PapaMBlue produced higher amounts of singlet oxygen and hydroxyl radicals than free MB, possibly due to better disaggregation of the dye in solution. The PapaMBlue antimicrobial effects on biofilms proved to be capable of reducing the S. mutans. Both MTT and PrestoBlue assays showed higher cell viability and metabolism scores in fibroblasts treated with PapaMBlue and MB, possibly due to stimulation of mitochondrial activity and that collagen triple helix is unaffected. The PapaMBlue is equally effective as MB in destroying S. mutans biofilms growing on plastic or collagen without affecting fibroblasts.
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14
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Relationship between analysis of laser speckle image and Knoop hardness on softening enamel. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2016; 15:139-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2016.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Revised: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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15
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Abou Nader C, Pellen F, Loutfi H, Mansour R, Le Jeune B, Le Brun G, Abboud M. Early diagnosis of teeth erosion using polarized laser speckle imaging. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2016; 21:71103. [PMID: 26720050 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.21.7.071103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Dental erosion starts with a chemical attack on dental tissue causing tooth demineralization, altering the tooth structure and making it more sensitive to mechanical erosion. Medical diagnosis of dental erosion is commonly achieved through a visual inspection by the dentist during dental checkups and is therefore highly dependent on the operator's experience. The detection of this disease at preliminary stages is important since, once the damage is done, cares become more complicated. We investigate the difference in light-scattering properties between healthy and eroded teeth. A change in light-scattering properties is observed and a transition from volume to surface backscattering is detected by means of polarized laser speckle imaging as teeth undergo acid etching, suggesting an increase in enamel surface roughness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christelle Abou Nader
- Saint Joseph University, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, UR TVA, B.P. 11-514-Riad El Solh, Beirut 1107 2050, LebanonbUniversité de Bretagne Occidentale, UEB, EA 938 Laboratoire de Spectrométrie et Optique Laser, IBSAM, 6 avenue le Gorgeu, C.S. 938
| | - Fabrice Pellen
- Université de Bretagne Occidentale, UEB, EA 938 Laboratoire de Spectrométrie et Optique Laser, IBSAM, 6 avenue le Gorgeu, C.S. 93837, 29238 Brest Cedex 3, France
| | - Hadi Loutfi
- Saint Joseph University, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, UR TVA, B.P. 11-514-Riad El Solh, Beirut 1107 2050, Lebanon
| | - Rassoul Mansour
- Saint Joseph University, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, UR TVA, B.P. 11-514-Riad El Solh, Beirut 1107 2050, Lebanon
| | - Bernard Le Jeune
- Université de Bretagne Occidentale, UEB, EA 938 Laboratoire de Spectrométrie et Optique Laser, IBSAM, 6 avenue le Gorgeu, C.S. 93837, 29238 Brest Cedex 3, France
| | - Guy Le Brun
- Université de Bretagne Occidentale, UEB, EA 938 Laboratoire de Spectrométrie et Optique Laser, IBSAM, 6 avenue le Gorgeu, C.S. 93837, 29238 Brest Cedex 3, France
| | - Marie Abboud
- Saint Joseph University, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, UR TVA, B.P. 11-514-Riad El Solh, Beirut 1107 2050, Lebanon
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