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Ding I, Ostrowska-Podhorodecka Z, Lee W, Liu RS, Carneiro K, Janmey PA, McCulloch CA. Cooperative roles of PAK1 and filamin A in regulation of vimentin assembly and cell extension formation. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2020; 1867:118739. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2020.118739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Fujikawa A, Noda Y, Yamamoto H, Tanga N, Sakaguchi G, Hattori S, Song WJ, Sora I, Nabeshima T, Katsuura G, Noda M. Mice deficient in protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type Z (PTPRZ) show reduced responsivity to methamphetamine despite an enhanced response to novelty. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0221205. [PMID: 31430310 PMCID: PMC6701799 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Methamphetamine (METH), a commonly abused drug, elevates extracellular dopamine (DA) levels by inducing DA efflux through the DA transporter (DAT). Emerging evidence in rodent models suggests that locomotor responses to a novel inescapable open field may predict behavioral responses to abused drugs; METH produces more potent stimulant effects in high responders to novelty than in low responders. We herein found that mice deficient in protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type Z (Ptprz-KO) exhibited an enhanced behavioral response to novelty; however, METH-induced hyperlocomotion was significantly lower in Ptprz-KO than in wild-type mice when METH was administered at a non-toxic dose of 1 mg per kg body weight (bdw). Single-cell RT-PCR revealed that the majority of midbrain DA neurons expressed PTPRZ. No histological alterations were observed in the mesolimbic or nigrostriatal dopaminergic pathways in Ptprz-KO brains; however, a significant decrease was noted in brain DA turnover, suggesting functional alterations. In vivo microdialysis experiments revealed that METH-evoked DA release in the nucleus accumbens was significantly lower in Ptprz-KO mice than in wild-type mice. Consistent with this result, Ptprz-KO mice showed significantly fewer cell surface DAT as well as weaker DA uptake activity in striatal synaptosomes prepared 1 hr after the administration of METH than wild-type mice, while no significant differences were observed in the two groups treated with saline. These results indicate that the high response phenotype of Ptprz-KO mice to novelty may not be simply attributed to hyper-dopaminergic activity, and that deficits in PTPRZ reduce the effects of METH by reducing DAT activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Fujikawa
- Division of Molecular Neurobiology, National Institute for Basic Biology, Higashiyama, Myodaiji-cho, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Noda
- Division of Clinical Sciences and Neuropsychopharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Shiogamaguchi, Tempaku-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hideko Yamamoto
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naomi Tanga
- Division of Molecular Neurobiology, National Institute for Basic Biology, Higashiyama, Myodaiji-cho, Okazaki, Japan
- School of Life Sciences, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Higashiyama, Myodaiji-cho, Okazaki, Aichi, Japan
| | - Gaku Sakaguchi
- Biomarker R&D Dept., SHIONOGI & CO. LTD., Futaba-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan
| | - Satoko Hattori
- Division of Systems Medical Science, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Wen-Jie Song
- Department of Sensory and Cognitive Physiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Ichiro Sora
- Department of Psychiatry Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Toshitaka Nabeshima
- Advanced Diagnostic System Research Laboratory, Fujita Health University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Goro Katsuura
- Department of Psychosomatic Internal Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences & University Hospital, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Masaharu Noda
- Division of Molecular Neurobiology, National Institute for Basic Biology, Higashiyama, Myodaiji-cho, Okazaki, Japan
- School of Life Sciences, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Higashiyama, Myodaiji-cho, Okazaki, Aichi, Japan
- Cell Biology Center, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Tanga N, Kuboyama K, Kishimoto A, Kiyonari H, Shiraishi A, Suzuki R, Watanabe T, Fujikawa A, Noda M. The PTN-PTPRZ signal activates the AFAP1L2-dependent PI3K-AKT pathway for oligodendrocyte differentiation: Targeted inactivation of PTPRZ activity in mice. Glia 2019; 67:967-984. [PMID: 30667096 DOI: 10.1002/glia.23583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type Z (PTPRZ) maintains oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) in an undifferentiated state. The inhibition of PTPase by its ligand pleiotrophin (PTN) promotes OPC differentiation; however, the substrate molecules of PTPRZ involved in the differentiation have not yet been elucidated in detail. We herein demonstrated that the tyrosine phosphorylation of AFAP1L2, paxillin, ERBB4, GIT1, p190RhoGAP, and NYAP2 was enhanced in OPC-like OL1 cells by a treatment with PTN. AFAP1L2, an adaptor protein involved in the PI3K-AKT pathway, exhibited the strongest response to PTN. PTPRZ dephosphorylated AFAP1L2 at tyrosine residues in vitro and in HEK293T cells. In OL1 cells, the knockdown of AFAP1L2 or application of a PI3K inhibitor suppressed cell differentiation as well as the PTN-induced phosphorylation of AKT and mTOR. We generated a knock-in mouse harboring a catalytically inactive Cys to Ser (CS) mutation in the PTPase domain. The phosphorylation levels of AFAP1L2, AKT, and mTOR were higher, and the expression of oligodendrocyte markers, including myelin basic protein (MBP) and myelin regulatory factor (MYRF), was stronger in CS knock-in brains than in wild-type brains on postnatal day 10; however, these differences mostly disappeared in the adult stage. Adult CS knock-in mice exhibited earlier remyelination after cuprizone-induced demyelination through the accelerated differentiation of OPCs. These phenotypes in CS knock-in mice were similar to those in Ptprz-deficient mice. Therefore, we conclude that the PTN-PTPRZ signal stimulates OPC differentiation partly by enhancing the tyrosine phosphorylation of AFAP1L2 in order to activate the PI3K-AKT pathway.
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MESH Headings
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/metabolism
- Animals
- Carrier Proteins/metabolism
- Cell Differentiation/drug effects
- Cell Differentiation/physiology
- Cuprizone/toxicity
- Cytokines/metabolism
- Demyelinating Diseases/chemically induced
- Demyelinating Diseases/diagnostic imaging
- Disease Models, Animal
- HEK293 Cells
- Humans
- Immunoprecipitation
- In Situ Nick-End Labeling
- Luminescent Proteins/genetics
- Luminescent Proteins/metabolism
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Transgenic
- Microfilament Proteins/metabolism
- Myelin Proteins/metabolism
- Oligodendroglia/physiology
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt
- RNA, Small Interfering/genetics
- RNA, Small Interfering/metabolism
- Receptor-Like Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Class 5/genetics
- Receptor-Like Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Class 5/metabolism
- Signal Detection, Psychological/drug effects
- Signal Detection, Psychological/physiology
- Signal Transduction/physiology
- Transfection
- X-Ray Microtomography
- Red Fluorescent Protein
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi Tanga
- Division of Molecular Neurobiology, National Institute for Basic Biology (NIBB), Okazaki, Aichi, Japan
- School of Life Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Okazaki, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kazuya Kuboyama
- Division of Molecular Neurobiology, National Institute for Basic Biology (NIBB), Okazaki, Aichi, Japan
| | - Ayako Kishimoto
- Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Nara Women's University, Nara, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kiyonari
- Laboratory for Animal Resource Development, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
- Laboratory for Genetic Engineering, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
| | - Aki Shiraishi
- Laboratory for Genetic Engineering, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
| | - Ryoko Suzuki
- Division of Molecular Neurobiology, National Institute for Basic Biology (NIBB), Okazaki, Aichi, Japan
| | - Toshio Watanabe
- Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Nara Women's University, Nara, Japan
| | - Akihiro Fujikawa
- Division of Molecular Neurobiology, National Institute for Basic Biology (NIBB), Okazaki, Aichi, Japan
| | - Masaharu Noda
- Division of Molecular Neurobiology, National Institute for Basic Biology (NIBB), Okazaki, Aichi, Japan
- School of Life Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Okazaki, Aichi, Japan
- Research Center for Cell Biology, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
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Fujikawa A, Chow JPH, Matsumoto M, Suzuki R, Kuboyama K, Yamamoto N, Noda M. Identification of novel splicing variants of protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type Z. J Biochem 2017; 162:381-390. [PMID: 28992190 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvx042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type Z (PTPRZ, also known as PTPζ or RPTPβ) is preferentially expressed in the central nervous system (CNS). PTPRZ plays important roles during development and adulthood in CNS myelination, learning and memory. Three splicing isoforms for PTPRZ have been identified to date: two receptor type isoforms, PTPRZ-A and PTPRZ-B, and one secretory isoform, PTPRZ-S. We herein identified novel PTPRZ receptor sub-isoforms without a seven-amino acid sequence encoded by exon 16. This sequence forms a part of the helix-turn-helix segment called the 'wedge' structure, which is located at the N-terminal region in the membrane-proximal protein tyrosine phosphatase domain. In contrast to conventional receptor isoforms with uniform expression, the deleted isoforms were expressed in the brain, but not in the retina, indicating the tissue-specific splicing of exon 16. Biochemical analyses of PTPRZ intracellular regions revealed differences in the characteristics of the deleted form, namely, stronger binding activity to postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD95) and greater enrichment in the postsynaptic density fraction than the full-length form. Furthermore, the exon 16-deleted form exhibited higher catalytic efficiency in vitro. These results suggest that sub-isoforms of PTPRZ have different functions because of variations in the wedge structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Fujikawa
- Division of Molecular Neurobiology, National Institute for Basic Biology
| | - Jeremy Pak Hong Chow
- Division of Molecular Neurobiology, National Institute for Basic Biology.,School of Life Science, Graduate University for Advanced Studies, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji-cho, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan
| | - Masahito Matsumoto
- Division of Molecular Neurobiology, National Institute for Basic Biology
| | - Ryoko Suzuki
- Division of Molecular Neurobiology, National Institute for Basic Biology
| | - Kazuya Kuboyama
- Division of Molecular Neurobiology, National Institute for Basic Biology
| | - Naoki Yamamoto
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology & Histochemistry, Fujita Health University, 1-98, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
| | - Masaharu Noda
- Division of Molecular Neurobiology, National Institute for Basic Biology.,School of Life Science, Graduate University for Advanced Studies, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji-cho, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan
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5
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Targeting PTPRZ inhibits stem cell-like properties and tumorigenicity in glioblastoma cells. Sci Rep 2017; 7:5609. [PMID: 28717188 PMCID: PMC5514153 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05931-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The R5 subfamily of receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatases (RPTPs) comprises PTPRZ and PTPRG. A recent study on primary human glioblastomas suggested a close association between PTPRZ1 (human PTPRZ) expression and cancer stemness. However, the functional roles of PTPRZ activity in glioma stem cells have remained unclear. In the present study, we found that sphere-forming cells from the rat C6 and human U251 glioblastoma cell lines showed high expression levels of PTPRZ-B, the short receptor isoform of PTPRZ. Stable PTPRZ knockdown altered the expression levels of stem cell transcription factors such as SOX2, OLIG2, and POU3F2 and decreased the sphere-forming abilities of these cells. Suppressive effects on the cancer stem-like properties of the cells were also observed following the knockdown of PTPRG. Here, we identified NAZ2329, a cell-permeable small molecule that allosterically inhibits both PTPRZ and PTPRG. NAZ2329 reduced the expression of SOX2 in C6 and U251 cells and abrogated the sphere-forming abilities of these cells. Tumor growth in the C6 xenograft mouse model was significantly slower with the co-treatment of NAZ2329 with temozolomide, an alkylating agent, than with the individual treatments. These results indicate that pharmacological inhibition of R5 RPTPs is a promising strategy for the treatment of malignant gliomas.
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Tehrani S, Davis L, Cepurna WO, Choe TE, Lozano DC, Monfared A, Cooper L, Cheng J, Johnson EC, Morrison JC. Astrocyte Structural and Molecular Response to Elevated Intraocular Pressure Occurs Rapidly and Precedes Axonal Tubulin Rearrangement within the Optic Nerve Head in a Rat Model. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0167364. [PMID: 27893827 PMCID: PMC5125687 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0167364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/12/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Glaucomatous axon injury occurs at the level of the optic nerve head (ONH) in response to uncontrolled intraocular pressure (IOP). The temporal response of ONH astrocytes (glial cells responsible for axonal support) to elevated IOP remains unknown. Here, we evaluate the response of actin-based astrocyte extensions and integrin-based signaling within the ONH to 8 hours of IOP elevation in a rat model. IOP elevation of 60 mm Hg was achieved under isoflurane anesthesia using anterior chamber cannulation connected to a saline reservoir. ONH astrocytic extension orientation was significantly and regionally rearranged immediately after IOP elevation (inferior ONH, 43.2° ± 13.3° with respect to the anterior-posterior axis versus 84.1° ± 1.3° in controls, p<0.05), and re-orientated back to baseline orientation 1 day post IOP normalization. ONH axonal microtubule filament label intensity was significantly reduced 1 and 3 days post IOP normalization, and returned to control levels on day 5. Phosphorylated focal adhesion kinase (FAK) levels steadily decreased after IOP normalization, while levels of phosphorylated paxillin (a downstream target of FAK involved in focal adhesion dynamics) were significantly elevated 5 days post IOP normalization. The levels of phosphorylated cortactin (a downstream target of Src kinase involved in actin polymerization) were significantly elevated 1 and 3 days post IOP normalization and returned to control levels by day 5. No significant axon degeneration was noted by morphologic assessment up to 5 days post IOP normalization. Actin-based astrocyte structure and signaling within the ONH are significantly altered within hours after IOP elevation and prior to axonal cytoskeletal rearrangement, producing some responses that recover rapidly and others that persist for days despite IOP normalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shandiz Tehrani
- Casey Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Lauren Davis
- Casey Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - William O. Cepurna
- Casey Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Tiffany E. Choe
- Casey Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Diana C. Lozano
- Casey Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Ashley Monfared
- Casey Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Lauren Cooper
- Casey Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Joshua Cheng
- Casey Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Elaine C. Johnson
- Casey Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - John C. Morrison
- Casey Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
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Small-molecule inhibition of PTPRZ reduces tumor growth in a rat model of glioblastoma. Sci Rep 2016; 6:20473. [PMID: 26857455 PMCID: PMC4746629 DOI: 10.1038/srep20473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor-type Z (PTPRZ) is aberrantly over-expressed in glioblastoma and a causative factor for its malignancy. However, small molecules that selectively inhibit the catalytic activity of PTPRZ have not been discovered. We herein performed an in vitro screening of a chemical library, and identified SCB4380 as the first potent inhibitor for PTPRZ. The stoichiometric binding of SCB4380 to the catalytic pocket was demonstrated by biochemical and mass spectrometric analyses. We determined the crystal structure of the catalytic domain of PTPRZ, and the structural basis of the binding of SCB4380 elucidated by a molecular docking method was validated by site-directed mutagenesis studies. The intracellular delivery of SCB4380 by liposome carriers inhibited PTPRZ activity in C6 glioblastoma cells, and thereby suppressed their migration and proliferation in vitro and tumor growth in a rat allograft model. Therefore, selective inhibition of PTPRZ represents a promising approach for glioma therapy.
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