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Huang M, Li F, Chen S, Liu M, Qin W, Wu J, Chen Y, Zhong J, Zhao Q, Hu B. Total White Blood Cell Count is Associated with Arterial Stiffness Among Hypertensive Patients. Angiology 2022:33197221115566. [PMID: 35833809 DOI: 10.1177/00033197221115566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The association between white blood cell (WBC) count and arterial stiffness in patients with hypertension is not well-documented. We aimed to examine the relationships of total WBC count with arterial stiffness and risk of macrovascular damage in hypertensive patients. A total of 631 hypertensive adults (mean age: 65.6 years) were included in the present study. Arterial stiffness was determined by brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) and ankle-brachial index (ABI). Macrovascular damage was defined as baPWV >1.8 m/s or ABI <.9. The dose-response associations were assessed by multivariate linear or logistic regression models. After multivariate adjustments, we observed a dose-response relationship between increasing total WBC count and arterial stiffness. Participants in the highest tertile of total WBC count showed a significantly elevated baPWV (β = .088; 95% CI: .021, .154; Ptrend = .010) and reduced ABI (β = -.027; 95% CI: -.046, -.008; Ptrend = .005), as compared with those in the first tertile. The association was similar in different subgroups. In addition, elevated total WBC count was related to a greater risk of macrovascular damage, as indicated by baPWV >1.8 m/s (OR = 1.86; 95% CI: 1.15, 2.99, comparing the extreme tertiles). Our data suggest that elevated total WBC count was related to arterial stiffness among individuals with hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Huang
- Central Laboratory, 12390Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fajiu Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, 74777Affiliated Hospital of Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Si Chen
- Department of Infectious Disease, 74495The No. 969 Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Huhehot, China
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, 74777Affiliated Hospital of Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Qin
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, 74777Affiliated Hospital of Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Juanjuan Wu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, 74777Affiliated Hospital of Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, 74777Affiliated Hospital of Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinnan Zhong
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, 74777Affiliated Hospital of Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qian Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, 74777Affiliated Hospital of Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Bingzhu Hu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, 74777Affiliated Hospital of Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
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White blood cell count is not associated with flow-mediated vasodilation or nitroglycerine-induced vasodilation. Sci Rep 2022; 12:8201. [PMID: 35581258 PMCID: PMC9114000 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-12205-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well known that white blood cell (WBC) count is an independent predictor of cardiovascular events. However, associations of WBC count and WBC subtypes with endothelial function assessed by flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD) and vascular smooth muscle function assessed by nitroglycerine-induced vasodilation (NID) are unclear. The aim of this study was to determine the relationships of WBC count and WBC subtypes with vascular function assessed by FMD and NID. A total of 1351 subjects in whom FMD and NID had been measured were recruited from Hiroshima University Vascular Registry. Mean values were 3.7 ± 2.8% for FMD and 11.8 ± 5.9% for NID. WBC was not correlated with FMD or NID. NID was significantly correlated with lymphocytes in univariate analysis but not with other hematologic parameters. In multiple linear regression analyses, NID was not correlated with lymphocytes. In all subgroups including subgroups of age, gender, body mass index, hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, smoking and tertile of WBC count, WBC count was not correlated with FMD or NID. WBC count and WBC subtypes were not associated with endothelial function assessed by FMD or vascular smooth muscle function assessed by NID. WBC count and vascular function assessed by FMD and NID may reflect different aspects of atherosclerosis. Clinical Trial Registration Information: URL for Clinical Trial: http://www.umin.ac.jp Registration Number for Clinical Trial: UMIN000039512.
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Jia B, Jiang C, Song Y, Duan C, Liu L, Liu C, Xu X, Qin X, Chen G. Association Between White Blood Cell Counts and Brachial-Ankle Pulse Wave Velocity in Chinese Hypertensive Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study. Angiology 2021; 73:42-50. [PMID: 34164997 DOI: 10.1177/00033197211021199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Increased arterial stiffness is highly prevalent in patients with hypertension and is associated with cardiovascular (CV) risk. Increased white blood cell (WBC) counts may also be an independent risk factor for arterial stiffness and CV events. The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between differential WBC counts and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) in hypertensive adults. A total of 14 390 participants were included in the final analysis. A multivariate linear regression model was applied for the correlation analysis of WBC count and baPWV. Higher WBC counts were associated with a greater baPWV: adjusted β = 10 (95% CI, 8-13, P < .001). The same significant association was also found when WBC count was assessed as categories or quartiles. In addition, the effect of differential WBC subtypes, including neutrophil count and lymphocyte count on baPWV, showed the similar results. These findings showed that baPWV has positive associations with differential WBC counts in hypertensive adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buyun Jia
- College of Integrative Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Chongfei Jiang
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Song
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Lishun Liu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengzhang Liu
- Shenzhen Evergreen Medical Institute, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiping Xu
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianhui Qin
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangliang Chen
- College of Integrative Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, People's Republic of China
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Starnino L, Dupuis G, Busque L, Bourgoin V, Dubé MP, Busseuil D, D'Antono B. The associations of hostility and defensiveness with telomere length are influenced by sex and health status. Biol Sex Differ 2021; 12:2. [PMID: 33397445 PMCID: PMC7783995 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-020-00349-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Shorter telomere length (TL) may indicate premature cellular aging and increased risk for disease. While there is substantial evidence for shorter TL in individuals suffering from psychiatric disorders, data is scarce on maladaptive personality traits related to coronary artery disease (CAD). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association of TL with hostility and defensiveness in individuals with CAD or other non-cardiovascular illnesses and whether associations were moderated by CAD status and sex. Methods One thousand thirty-six individuals (Mage = 65.40 ± 6.73 years) with and without CAD completed the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale and the Cook–Medley Hostility Scale. Relative TL was measured via quantitative polymerase chain reaction of total genomic DNA samples. Analyses involved hierarchical regressions on TL, performed separately for hostility and defensiveness, controlling for pertinent sociodemographic, behavioural, and medical risk factors. Separate analyses were performed on 25 healthy participants. Results A hostility by sex interaction emerged (β = − .08, p = .006) in the patient groups, where greater hostility was associated with shorter TL in women only (p < .01). A Defensiveness by CAD status interaction (β = − .06, p = .049) revealed longer TL in more defensive CAD patients only (p = .06). In healthy men, shorter TL was observed in those with greater defensiveness (β = .52, p = .006) but lower hostility (β = − .43, p = .049). Conclusion Hostility and defensiveness are differentially associated with TL as a function of sex and health status. The implication of these results for health remains to be determined, but propose an additional pathway through which the effect of maladaptive personality traits may contribute to CV and other disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louisia Starnino
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 Rue Bélanger, Montréal, QC, H1T 1C8, Canada.,Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Gilles Dupuis
- Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Lambert Busque
- Research Center, Hematology Division, Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Vincent Bourgoin
- Research Center, Hematology Division, Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Marie-Pierre Dubé
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 Rue Bélanger, Montréal, QC, H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - David Busseuil
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 Rue Bélanger, Montréal, QC, H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Bianca D'Antono
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 Rue Bélanger, Montréal, QC, H1T 1C8, Canada. .,Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Canada. .,Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal Pavillon Marie-Victorin, Montreal, Canada.
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Liu Y, Lai X, Guo W, Ma L, Li W, Fang Q, Yang H, Cai Y, Liu M, Zhang X, Yang L. Total White Blood Cell Count Mediated the Association Between Increased Arterial Stiffness and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Chinese Adults. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2020; 40:1009-1015. [PMID: 32078369 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.119.313880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is known to be related to increased arterial stiffness. However, little is known about the risk of T2DM due to accelerated arterial stiffness and the underlying mechanism involved. We aimed to examine arterial stiffness, as determined by brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), in relation to T2DM among a community-based population and whether the association was mediated by white blood cell (WBC) counts. Approach and results: A total of 1036 Chinese adults aged 64.3 years with complete data were qualified in the present study. The dose-response association between baPWV levels, WBC counts, and risk of T2DM were explored using generalized linear models or multivariate logistic regression models. A mediation analysis was conducted to investigate the role of WBC counts on the association between baPWV and T2DM. After multivariate adjustments, we observed a dose-responsive relationship between increased baPWV and elevated risk of T2DM: comparing extreme tertiles of baPWV, the adjusted odds ratio for T2DM risk was 2.29 (95% CI, 1.32-3.98; P for trend =0.005). In addition, significant dose-dependent relationships were found across baPWV tertiles with increasing total or differential WBC counts, which in turn, were positively related to higher risk of T2DM (all P for trend <0.05). Mediation analyses indicated that total WBC count mediated 4.5% of the association between increased baPWV and elevated T2DM risk. CONCLUSIONS Increased arterial stiffness might increase T2DM risk among middle-aged and older Chinese adults, which was partially mediated by total WBC count.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongming Liu
- From the Department of Neurology, Hubei No.3 People's hospital of Jianghan University, Wuhan, China (Y.L.)
| | - Xuefeng Lai
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and Ministry of Education Key Lab for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (X.L., W.G., L.M., W.L., Q.F., H.Y., Y.C., M.L., X.Z., L.Y.)
| | - Wenting Guo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and Ministry of Education Key Lab for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (X.L., W.G., L.M., W.L., Q.F., H.Y., Y.C., M.L., X.Z., L.Y.)
| | - Lin Ma
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and Ministry of Education Key Lab for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (X.L., W.G., L.M., W.L., Q.F., H.Y., Y.C., M.L., X.Z., L.Y.)
| | - Wenze Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and Ministry of Education Key Lab for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (X.L., W.G., L.M., W.L., Q.F., H.Y., Y.C., M.L., X.Z., L.Y.)
| | - Qin Fang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and Ministry of Education Key Lab for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (X.L., W.G., L.M., W.L., Q.F., H.Y., Y.C., M.L., X.Z., L.Y.)
| | - Huihua Yang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and Ministry of Education Key Lab for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (X.L., W.G., L.M., W.L., Q.F., H.Y., Y.C., M.L., X.Z., L.Y.)
| | - Yunyao Cai
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and Ministry of Education Key Lab for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (X.L., W.G., L.M., W.L., Q.F., H.Y., Y.C., M.L., X.Z., L.Y.)
| | - Miao Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and Ministry of Education Key Lab for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (X.L., W.G., L.M., W.L., Q.F., H.Y., Y.C., M.L., X.Z., L.Y.)
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and Ministry of Education Key Lab for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (X.L., W.G., L.M., W.L., Q.F., H.Y., Y.C., M.L., X.Z., L.Y.)
| | - Liangle Yang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and Ministry of Education Key Lab for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (X.L., W.G., L.M., W.L., Q.F., H.Y., Y.C., M.L., X.Z., L.Y.)
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Cooper DM, Radom-Aizik S. Exercise-associated prevention of adult cardiovascular disease in children and adolescents: monocytes, molecular mechanisms, and a call for discovery. Pediatr Res 2020; 87:309-318. [PMID: 31649340 PMCID: PMC11177628 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-019-0581-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis originates in childhood and adolescence. The goal of this review is to highlight how exercise and physical activity during childhood and adolescence, critical periods of growth and development, can prevent adult cardiovascular disease (CVD), particularly through molecular mechanisms of monocytes, a key cell of the innate immune system. Monocytes are heterogeneous and pluripotential cells that can, paradoxically, play a role in both the instigation and prevention of atherosclerosis. Recent discoveries in young adults reveal that brief exercise affects monocyte gene pathways promoting a cell phenotype that patrols the vascular system and repairs injuries. Concurrently, exercise inhibits pro-inflammatory monocytes, cells that contribute to vascular damage and plaque formation. Because CVD is typically asymptomatic in youth, minimally invasive techniques must be honed to study the subtle anatomic and physiologic evidence of vascular dysfunction. Exercise gas exchange and heart rate measures can be combined with ultrasound assessments of vascular anatomy and reactivity, and near-infrared spectroscopy to quantify impaired O2 transport that is often hidden at rest. Combined with functional, transcriptomic, and epigenetic monocyte expression and measures of monocyte-endothelium interaction, molecular mechanisms of early CVD can be formulated, and then translated into effective physical activity-based strategies in youth to prevent adult-onset CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan M Cooper
- Pediatric Exercise and Genomics Research Center, University of California Irvine School of Medicine, Pediatrics, Irvine, CA, USA.
| | - Shlomit Radom-Aizik
- Pediatric Exercise and Genomics Research Center, University of California Irvine School of Medicine, Pediatrics, Irvine, CA, USA
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Tarantino G, Barrea L, Capone D, Citro V, Mosca T, Savastano S. Hematocrit Values Predict Carotid Intimal-Media Thickness in Obese Patients With Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:203. [PMID: 29760679 PMCID: PMC5937011 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Literature data suggest with some criticism that full-fledged cardiovascular (CV) events (acute or chronic) are likely predicted by blood components, which are reported to be associated with the presence/severity of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This study was aimed at determining which marker(s) derived from blood count, such as white blood cells, neutrophils, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, platelet count, hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume, hematocrit values were associated with ear or subclinical atherosclerosis, in obese patients of various classes suffering from NAFLD. METHODS One hundred consecutive obese patients presenting NAFLD at ultrasound, with low prevalence of co-morbidities and no history or instrumental features of CV diseases, underwent carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) assessment by Doppler ultrasonography. All of them were studied taking into account anthropometric parameters, the metabolic profile, and inflammatory markers. RESULTS White blood cells and neutrophil count showed no statistical association with IMT, which was predicted by the amount of visceral adiposity, as appreciated by ultrasonography. After adjusting for visceral adiposity and smoking status, only age and hematocrit contextually predicted early atherosclerosis, evaluated as IMT. Visceral adiposity was a confounding factor in foreseeing IMT. CONCLUSION Hematocrit values along with the patient's age suggest an initial atherosclerosis, evaluated as IMT, and if this finding is confirmed in larger cohorts, could be added to other canonical CV risk factors. Inferences can be enhanced by future prospective studies that aim to identify the relationships between incident cardio-metabolic cases and this hematologic parameter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Tarantino
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Medical School, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- *Correspondence: Giovanni Tarantino,
| | - Luigi Barrea
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Medical School, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Domenico Capone
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Anesthesiology and Drug-Use, Section of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Citro
- Department of Internal Medicine, Umberto I Hospital, Nocera, Salerno, Italy
| | - Teresa Mosca
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Anesthesiology and Drug-Use, Section of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Silvia Savastano
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Medical School, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Mozos I, Malainer C, Horbańczuk J, Gug C, Stoian D, Luca CT, Atanasov AG. Inflammatory Markers for Arterial Stiffness in Cardiovascular Diseases. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1058. [PMID: 28912780 PMCID: PMC5583158 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Arterial stiffness predicts an increased risk of cardiovascular events. Inflammation plays a major role in large arteries stiffening, related to atherosclerosis, arteriosclerosis, endothelial dysfunction, smooth muscle cell migration, vascular calcification, increased activity of metalloproteinases, extracellular matrix degradation, oxidative stress, elastolysis, and degradation of collagen. The present paper reviews main mechanisms explaining the crosstalk between inflammation and arterial stiffness and the most common inflammatory markers associated with increased arterial stiffness, considering the most recent clinical and experimental studies. Diverse studies revealed significant correlations between the severity of arterial stiffness and inflammatory markers, such as white blood cell count, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, adhesion molecules, fibrinogen, C-reactive protein, cytokines, microRNAs, and cyclooxygenase-2, in patients with a broad variety of diseases, such as metabolic syndrome, diabetes, coronary heart disease, peripheral arterial disease, malignant and rheumatic disorders, polycystic kidney disease, renal transplant, familial Mediterranean fever, and oral infections, and in women with preeclampsia or after menopause. There is strong evidence that inflammation plays an important and, at least, partly reversible role in the development of arterial stiffness, and inflammatory markers may be useful additional tools in the assessment of the cardiovascular risk in clinical practice. Combined assessment of arterial stiffness and inflammatory markers may improve non-invasive assessment of cardiovascular risk, enabling selection of high-risk patients for prophylactic treatment or more regular medical examination. Development of future destiffening therapies may target pro-inflammatory mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioana Mozos
- Department of Functional Sciences, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania.,Center for Translational Research and Systems Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | | | - Jarosław Horbańczuk
- The Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzębiec, Poland
| | - Cristina Gug
- Department of Microscopic Morphology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Dana Stoian
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Constantin Tudor Luca
- Department of Cardiology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Atanas G Atanasov
- The Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzębiec, Poland.,Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Rathod KS, Kapil V, Velmurugan S, Khambata RS, Siddique U, Khan S, Van Eijl S, Gee LC, Bansal J, Pitrola K, Shaw C, D’Acquisto F, Colas RA, Marelli-Berg F, Dalli J, Ahluwalia A. Accelerated resolution of inflammation underlies sex differences in inflammatory responses in humans. J Clin Invest 2017; 127:169-182. [PMID: 27893465 PMCID: PMC5199722 DOI: 10.1172/jci89429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease occurs at lower incidence in premenopausal females compared with age-matched males. This variation may be linked to sex differences in inflammation. We prospectively investigated whether inflammation and components of the inflammatory response are altered in females compared with males. METHODS We performed 2 clinical studies in healthy volunteers. In 12 men and 12 women, we assessed systemic inflammatory markers and vascular function using brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD). In a further 8 volunteers of each sex, we assessed FMD response to glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) at baseline and at 8 hours and 32 hours after typhoid vaccine. In a separate study in 16 men and 16 women, we measured inflammatory exudate mediators and cellular recruitment in cantharidin-induced skin blisters at 24 and 72 hours. RESULTS Typhoid vaccine induced mild systemic inflammation at 8 hours, reflected by increased white cell count in both sexes. Although neutrophil numbers at baseline and 8 hours were greater in females, the neutrophils were less activated. Systemic inflammation caused a decrease in FMD in males, but an increase in females, at 8 hours. In contrast, GTN response was not altered in either sex after vaccine. At 24 hours, cantharidin formed blisters of similar volume in both sexes; however, at 72 hours, blisters had only resolved in females. Monocyte and leukocyte counts were reduced, and the activation state of all major leukocytes was lower, in blisters of females. This was associated with enhanced levels of the resolving lipids, particularly D-resolvin. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that female sex protects against systemic inflammation-induced endothelial dysfunction. This effect is likely due to accelerated resolution of inflammation compared with males, specifically via neutrophils, mediated by an elevation of the D-resolvin pathway. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01582321 and NRES: City Road and Hampstead Ethics Committee: 11/LO/2038. FUNDING The authors were funded by multiple sources, including the National Institute for Health Research, the British Heart Foundation, and the European Research Council.
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Qiu H, Chen M. Leukocytes in obesity and after bariatric surgery (Comment on: The effect of different bariatric surgery type on the leukocyte formula). Surg Obes Relat Dis 2016; 12:1423-1425. [PMID: 27387690 DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2016.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Revised: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Qiu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Mingyi Chen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA
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