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The clinical impact of anti-hypertensive treatment drug-gene pairs in the asian population: a systematic review of publications in the past decade. J Hum Hypertens 2023; 37:170-180. [PMID: 36302845 DOI: 10.1038/s41371-022-00765-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Pharmacogenetics play an important role in determining the anti-hypertensive effects of blood pressure-lowering medications and have the potential to improve future patient care. Current literature on the topic, however, has a heavy focus on Caucasians and may not be generalisable to the Asian populations. Therefore, we have conducted this systematic review to summarise and evaluate the literature of the past decade. PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials were searched for relevant studies from 1 January 2011 to 23 July 2021. The outcome of interest was the response to anti-hypertensive treatment in Asians according to each genetic polymorphism. A total of 26 studies with a total of 8837 patients were included in our review, covering five classes of anti-hypertensive agents-namely, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI), angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARB), beta-blockers (BB), calcium channel blockers (CCB), and thiazide-like diuretics. Response to ACEI therapy was most susceptible to genotypic variations, while the efficacy of ARB and CCB were affected by pharmacogenetic differences to varying extent. For BB, only variations in the ADRB1 genotype significantly affects therapeutic response, while the therapeutic efficacy of thiazide-like diuretics was correlated with genotypic variations in the REN and ACE. This systematic review evaluated the impact of pharmacogenetic variations on the therapeutic efficacy of anti-hypertensive treatment in Asians and has described numerous drug-gene pairs that are potentially clinically important. Future prospective studies with larger sample sizes and longer follow-up periods are needed to better elucidate the impact of these drug-gene pairs.
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Tang C, Jin M, Ma B, Cao B, Lin C, Xu S, Li J, Xu Q. RGS2 promotes estradiol biosynthesis by trophoblasts during human pregnancy. Exp Mol Med 2023; 55:240-252. [PMID: 36653442 PMCID: PMC9898290 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-00927-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Production of estradiol (E2) by the placenta during human pregnancy ensures successful maintenance of placental development and fetal growth by stimulating trophoblast proliferation and the differentiation of cytotrophoblasts into syncytiotrophoblasts. Decreased levels of E2 are closely associated with obstetrical diseases such as preeclampsia (PE) in the clinic. However, the mechanisms underlying the inhibition of placental E2 biosynthesis remain poorly understood. Here, we report that regulator of G-protein signaling 2 (RGS2) affects E2 levels by regulating aromatase, a rate-limiting enzyme for E2 biosynthesis, by using human trophoblast-derived JEG-3 cells and human placental villus tissues. RGS2 enhanced the protein degradation of the transcription factor heart and neural crest derivatives expressed 1 (HAND1) by suppressing ubiquitin-specific protease 14 (USP14)-mediated deubiquitination of HAND1, resulting in the restoration of HAND1-induced trans-inactivation of the aromatase gene and subsequent increases in E2 levels. However, aromatase bound to RGS2 and repressed RGS2 GTPase activating protein (GAP) activity. Moreover, we observed a positive correlation between RGS2 and aromatase expression in clinical normal and preeclamptic placental tissues. Our results uncover a hitherto uncharacterized role of the RGS2-aromatase axis in the regulation of E2 production by human placental trophoblasts, which may pinpoint the molecular pathogenesis and highlight potential biomarkers for related obstetrical diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Tang
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health of the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310052, China.
| | - Meiyuan Jin
- grid.417168.d0000 0004 4666 9789Department of Obstetrics, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310012 China
| | - Bingbing Ma
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700X Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology & Research Center for Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 China
| | - Bin Cao
- grid.433871.aZhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, 310057 China
| | - Chao Lin
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Neurosurgery, The Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310052 China
| | - Shouying Xu
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XNational Clinical Research Center for Child Health of the Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310052 China
| | - Jiayong Li
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XState Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060 China
| | - Qiang Xu
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XNational Clinical Research Center for Child Health of the Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310052 China
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Jin M, Xu S, Cao B, Xu Q, Yan Z, Ren Q, Lin C, Tang C. Regulator of G protein signaling 2 is inhibited by hypoxia-inducible factor-1α/E1A binding protein P300 complex upon hypoxia in human preeclampsia. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2022; 147:106211. [PMID: 35430356 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2022.106211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-related complication that causes maternal and fetal mortality. Despite extensive studies showing the role of hypoxia in preeclampsia progression, the specific mechanism remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to explore the possible mechanism underlying hypoxia in preeclampsia. METHODS Human trophoblast-like JEG-3 cell line was used to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying hypoxia contribution to preeclampsia and the expression correlation of key molecules was examined in human placental tissues. Methods include JEG-3 cell culture and hypoxia induction, RNA isolation and quantitative real-time PCR, transient transfection and dual-luciferase assay, western blot, immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence staining, cell proliferation assay, chromatin immunoprecipitation assay, obtainment of human placental tissue sample and immunohistochemistry staining. RESULTS Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α is up-regulated in clinical preeclampsia samples, where Regulator of G Protein Signaling 2 is down-regulated. Mechanistically, Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α is induced in response to hypoxia, which up-regulates E1A binding protein P300 expression and thereby forms a Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α/E1A binding protein P300 protein-protein complex that binds to the promoter of gene Regulator of G Protein Signaling 2 and subsequently inhibits the transcription of Regulator of G Protein Signaling 2, possibly contributing to the preeclampsia development. In addition, the expression of E1A binding protein P300 is increased in preeclampsia samples, and the expression of Regulator of G Protein Signaling 2 in preeclamptic placentas inversely correlates with the levels of E1A binding protein P300. CONCLUSION Our findings may provide novel insights into understanding the molecular pathogenesis of preeclampsia and may be a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiyuan Jin
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health of the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China; Department of Obstetrics, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Shouying Xu
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health of the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - Bin Cao
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310057, China
| | - Qiang Xu
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health of the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - Ziyi Yan
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health of the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - Qianlei Ren
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health of the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - Chao Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - Chao Tang
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health of the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China.
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Jin M, Xu S, Li J, Yao Y, Tang C. MicroRNA-3935 promotes human trophoblast cell epithelial-mesenchymal transition through tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6/regulator of G protein signaling 2 axis. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2021; 19:134. [PMID: 34493304 PMCID: PMC8422670 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-021-00817-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insufficient migration and invasion during trophoblast epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) results in the occurrence and development of preeclampsia (PE), and our previous study has screened 52 miRNAs, whose expression levels are altered in the placental samples from PE patients, compared with the normal group. Among those, miR-3935 is one of the miRNAs being most significantly down-regulated, indicating its involvement in PE. However, the exact effect and molecular mechanisms remain unknown. METHODS In the present study, we investigate the roles and underlying mechanisms of miR-3935 in trophoblast EMT by use of the human extra-villous trophoblast cell line HTR-8/SVneo as well as human placental tissues and maternal blood samples obtained from 15 women with normal pregnancies and 15 women with PE. Experimental methods include transfection, quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR), western blot, immunofluorescence staining, dual-luciferase assays, in vitro invasion and migration assays, RNA-Seq analysis, bisulfite sequencing and immunohistochemistry staining. RESULTS MiR-3935 expression is significantly decreased in both placentas and peripheral blood specimens of PE, and functionally, miR-3935 promotes EMT of trophoblast cells. Mechanistically, TRAF6 is identified to be a direct target of miR-3935 and TRAF6 exerts its negative effect on EMT of trophoblast cells by inhibition of RGS2, which down-regulates the methylation status of promoter of CDH1 gene that encodes E-Cadherin protein through induction of ALKBH1, resulting in increase of E-Cadherin and subsequently insufficient trophoblast EMT. CONCLUSIONS Together these results uncover a hitherto uncharacterized role of miR-3935/TRAF6/RGS2 axis in the function of human trophoblasts, which may pinpoint the molecular pathogenesis of PE and may be a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for such obstetrical diseases as PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiyuan Jin
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health of the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 3333, Binsheng Rd, Hangzhou, 310052, China
- Department of Obstetrics, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Shouying Xu
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health of the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 3333, Binsheng Rd, Hangzhou, 310052, China
| | - Jiayong Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310007, China
| | - Yingyu Yao
- Department of Obstetrics, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Chao Tang
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health of the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 3333, Binsheng Rd, Hangzhou, 310052, China.
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5
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Abouelfath R, Habbal R, Aqli E, Nadifi S. Does signal nucleotide polymorphism of RGS2 and ATIR, individually or in combination modulate the response to antihypertensive drugs in resistant hypertensive subjects? GENE REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2019.100575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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6
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Perschbacher KJ, Deng G, Sandgren JA, Walsh JW, Witcher PC, Sapouckey SA, Owens CE, Zhang SY, Scroggins SM, Pearson NA, Devor EJ, Sebag JA, Pierce GL, Fisher RA, Kwitek AE, Santillan DA, Gibson-Corley KN, Sigmund CD, Santillan MK, Grobe JL. Reduced mRNA Expression of RGS2 (Regulator of G Protein Signaling-2) in the Placenta Is Associated With Human Preeclampsia and Sufficient to Cause Features of the Disorder in Mice. Hypertension 2019; 75:569-579. [PMID: 31865781 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.119.14056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cascade-specific termination of G protein signaling is catalyzed by the RGS (regulator of G protein signaling) family members, including RGS2. Angiotensin, vasopressin, and endothelin are implicated in preeclampsia, and RGS2 is known to inhibit G protein cascades activated by these hormones. Mutations in RGS2 are associated with human hypertension and increased risk of developing preeclampsia and its sequelae. RGS family members are known to influence maternal vascular function, but the role of RGS2 within the placenta has not been explored. Here, we hypothesized that reduced expression of RGS2 within the placenta represents a risk factor for the development of preeclampsia. Although cAMP/CREB signaling was enriched in placentas from human pregnancies affected by preeclampsia compared with clinically matched controls and RGS2 is known to be a CREB-responsive gene, RGS2 mRNA was reduced in placentas from pregnancies affected by preeclampsia. Experimentally reducing Rgs2 expression within the feto-placental unit was sufficient to induce preeclampsia-like phenotypes in pregnant wild-type C57BL/6J mice. Stimulation of RGS2 transcription within immortalized human HTR8/SVneo trophoblasts by cAMP/CREB signaling was discovered to be dependent on the activity of histone deacetylase activity, and more specifically, HDAC9 (histone deacetylase-9), and HDAC9 expression was reduced in placentas from human pregnancies affected by preeclampsia. We conclude that reduced expression of RGS2 within the placenta may mechanistically contribute to preeclampsia. More generally, this work identifies RGS2 as an HDAC9-dependent CREB-responsive gene, which may contribute to reduced RGS2 expression in placenta during preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine J Perschbacher
- From the Department of Pharmacology (K.J.P., G.D., J.A.S., J.W.W., P.C.W., S.A.S., C.E.O., S.Y.Z., N.A.P., R.A.F.), University of Iowa, Iowa City
| | - Guorui Deng
- From the Department of Pharmacology (K.J.P., G.D., J.A.S., J.W.W., P.C.W., S.A.S., C.E.O., S.Y.Z., N.A.P., R.A.F.), University of Iowa, Iowa City
| | - Jeremy A Sandgren
- From the Department of Pharmacology (K.J.P., G.D., J.A.S., J.W.W., P.C.W., S.A.S., C.E.O., S.Y.Z., N.A.P., R.A.F.), University of Iowa, Iowa City
| | - John W Walsh
- From the Department of Pharmacology (K.J.P., G.D., J.A.S., J.W.W., P.C.W., S.A.S., C.E.O., S.Y.Z., N.A.P., R.A.F.), University of Iowa, Iowa City
| | - Phillip C Witcher
- From the Department of Pharmacology (K.J.P., G.D., J.A.S., J.W.W., P.C.W., S.A.S., C.E.O., S.Y.Z., N.A.P., R.A.F.), University of Iowa, Iowa City
| | - Sarah A Sapouckey
- From the Department of Pharmacology (K.J.P., G.D., J.A.S., J.W.W., P.C.W., S.A.S., C.E.O., S.Y.Z., N.A.P., R.A.F.), University of Iowa, Iowa City
| | - Caitlyn E Owens
- From the Department of Pharmacology (K.J.P., G.D., J.A.S., J.W.W., P.C.W., S.A.S., C.E.O., S.Y.Z., N.A.P., R.A.F.), University of Iowa, Iowa City
| | - Shao Yang Zhang
- From the Department of Pharmacology (K.J.P., G.D., J.A.S., J.W.W., P.C.W., S.A.S., C.E.O., S.Y.Z., N.A.P., R.A.F.), University of Iowa, Iowa City
| | - Sabrina M Scroggins
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (S.M.S., E.J.D., D.A.S., M.K.S.), University of Iowa, Iowa City
| | - Nicole A Pearson
- From the Department of Pharmacology (K.J.P., G.D., J.A.S., J.W.W., P.C.W., S.A.S., C.E.O., S.Y.Z., N.A.P., R.A.F.), University of Iowa, Iowa City
| | - Eric J Devor
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (S.M.S., E.J.D., D.A.S., M.K.S.), University of Iowa, Iowa City
| | - Julien A Sebag
- Department of Physiology (J.A.S.), University of Iowa, Iowa City
| | - Gary L Pierce
- Department of Health and Human Physiology (G.L.P.), University of Iowa, Iowa City.,Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center (G.L.P., D.A.S., M.K.S.), University of Iowa, Iowa City
| | - Rory A Fisher
- From the Department of Pharmacology (K.J.P., G.D., J.A.S., J.W.W., P.C.W., S.A.S., C.E.O., S.Y.Z., N.A.P., R.A.F.), University of Iowa, Iowa City
| | - Anne E Kwitek
- Department of Physiology (A.E.K., C.D.S., J.L.G.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee.,Cardiovascular Center (A.E.K., C.D.S., J.L.G.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee.,Department of Medicine (A.E.K.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee
| | - Donna A Santillan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (S.M.S., E.J.D., D.A.S., M.K.S.), University of Iowa, Iowa City.,Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center (G.L.P., D.A.S., M.K.S.), University of Iowa, Iowa City
| | | | - Curt D Sigmund
- Department of Physiology (A.E.K., C.D.S., J.L.G.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee.,Cardiovascular Center (A.E.K., C.D.S., J.L.G.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee
| | - Mark K Santillan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (S.M.S., E.J.D., D.A.S., M.K.S.), University of Iowa, Iowa City.,Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center (G.L.P., D.A.S., M.K.S.), University of Iowa, Iowa City
| | - Justin L Grobe
- Department of Physiology (A.E.K., C.D.S., J.L.G.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee.,Cardiovascular Center (A.E.K., C.D.S., J.L.G.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee.,Department of Biomedical Engineering (J.L.G.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee
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Zhou J, He F, Sun B, Liu R, Gao Y, Ren H, Shu Y, Chen X, Liu Z, Zhou H, Deng S, Xu H, Li J, Xu L, Zhang W. Polytropic Influence of TRIB3 rs2295490 Genetic Polymorphism on Response to Antihypertensive Agents in Patients With Essential Hypertension. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:236. [PMID: 30971918 PMCID: PMC6445854 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Tribbles homolog 3 (TRIB3) mediating signaling pathways are closely related to blood pressure regulation. Our previous findings suggested a greater benefit on vascular outcomes in patients carrying TRIB3 (251, A > G, rs2295490) G allele with good glucose and blood pressure control. And TRIB3 (rs2295490) AG/GG genotypes were found to reduce primary vascular events in type 2 diabetic patients who received intensive glucose treatment as compared to those receiving standard glucose treatment. However, the effect of TRIB3 genetic variation on antihypertensives was not clear in essential hypertension patients. A total of 368 patients treated with conventional dosage of antihypertensives (6 groups, grouped by atenolol/bisoprolol, celiprolol, doxazosin, azelnidipine/nitrendipine, imidapril, and candesartan/irbesartan) were enrolled in our study. Genetic variations were successfully identified by sanger sequencing. A linear mixed model analysis was performed to evaluate blood pressures among TRIB3 (251, A > G) genotypes and adjusted for baseline age, gender, body mass index, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), total cholesterol and other biochemical factors appropriately. Our data suggested that TRIB3 (251, A > G) AA genotype carriers showed better antihypertensive effect than the AG/GG genotype carriers [P = 0.014 for DBP and P = 0.042 for mean arterial pressure (MAP)], with a maximal reduction of DBP by 4.2 mmHg and MAP by 3.56 mmHg after azelnidipine or nitrendipine treatment at the 4th week. Similar tendency of DBP-change and MAP-change was found for imidapril (ACEI) treatment, in which marginally significances were achieved (P = 0.073 and 0.075, respectively). Against that, we found that TRIB3 (251, A > G) AG/GG genotype carriers benefited from antihypertensive therapy of ARBs with a larger DBP-change during the period of observation (P = 0.036). Additionally, stratified analysis revealed an obvious difference of the maximal blood pressure change (13 mmHg for the MAP between male and female patients with AA genotype who took ARBs). Although no significant difference in antihypertensive effect between TRIB3 (251, A > G) genotypes in patients treated with α, β-ADRs was observed, we found significant difference in age-, sex-dependent manner related to α, β-ADRs. In conclusion, our data supported that TRIB3 (251, A > G) genetic polymorphism may serve as a useful biomarker in the treatment of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiecan Zhou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Pharmacogenetics Research Institute, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Pharmacy Department, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Fazhong He
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Pharmacogenetics Research Institute, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bao Sun
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Pharmacogenetics Research Institute, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Rong Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Pharmacogenetics Research Institute, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yongchao Gao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Pharmacogenetics Research Institute, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Huan Ren
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Pharmacogenetics Research Institute, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yan Shu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Xiaoping Chen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Pharmacogenetics Research Institute, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhaoqian Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Pharmacogenetics Research Institute, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Honghao Zhou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Pharmacogenetics Research Institute, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Sheng Deng
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Heng Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Precision Medicine Center, and Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianmin Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Linyong Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Pharmacogenetics Research Institute, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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8
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Pescatello LS, Parducci P, Livingston J, Taylor BA. A Systematically Assembled Signature of Genes to be Deep-Sequenced for Their Associations with the Blood Pressure Response to Exercise. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10040295. [PMID: 30979034 PMCID: PMC6523684 DOI: 10.3390/genes10040295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
: Background: Exercise is one of the best nonpharmacologic therapies to treat hypertension. The blood pressure (BP) response to exercise is heritable. Yet, the genetic basis for the antihypertensive effects of exercise remains elusive. Methods: To assemble a prioritized gene signature, we performed a systematic review with a series of Boolean searches in PubMed (including Medline) from earliest coverage. The inclusion criteria were human genes in major BP regulatory pathways reported to be associated with: (1) the BP response to exercise; (2) hypertension in genome-wide association studies (GWAS); (3) the BP response to pharmacotherapy; (4a) physical activity and/or obesity in GWAS; and (4b) BP, physical activity, and/or obesity in non-GWAS. Included GWAS reports disclosed the statistically significant thresholds used for multiple testing. Results: The search yielded 1422 reports. Of these, 57 trials qualified from which we extracted 11 genes under criteria 1, 18 genes under criteria 2, 28 genes under criteria 3, 27 genes under criteria 4a, and 29 genes under criteria 4b. We also included 41 genes identified from our previous work. Conclusions: Deep-sequencing the exons of this systematically assembled signature of genes represents a cost and time efficient approach to investigate the genomic basis for the antihypertensive effects of exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda S Pescatello
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
- Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
| | - Paul Parducci
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
| | - Jill Livingston
- Homer Babbidge Library, Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
| | - Beth A Taylor
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
- Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
- Preventive Cardiology, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, CT 06269, USA.
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Phan HTN, Sjögren B, Neubig RR. Human Missense Mutations in Regulator of G Protein Signaling 2 Affect the Protein Function Through Multiple Mechanisms. Mol Pharmacol 2017; 92:451-458. [PMID: 28784619 DOI: 10.1124/mol.117.109215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulator of G protein signaling 2 (RGS2) plays a significant role in alleviating vascular contraction and promoting vascular relaxation due to its GTPase accelerating protein activity toward Gαq. Mice lacking RGS2 display a hypertensive phenotype, and several RGS2 missense mutations have been found predominantly in hypertensive human subjects. However, the mechanisms whereby these mutations could impact blood pressure is unknown. Here, we selected 16 rare, missense mutations in RGS2 identified in various human exome sequencing projects and evaluated their ability to inhibit intracellular calcium release mediated by angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1R). Four of them had reduced function and were further investigated to elucidate underlying mechanisms. Low protein expression, protein mislocalization, and reduced G protein binding were identified as likely mechanisms of the malfunctioning mutants. The Q2L mutant had 50% lower RGS2 than wild-type (WT) protein detected by Western blot. Confocal microscopy demonstrated that R44H and D40Y had impaired plasma membrane targeting; only 46% and 35% of those proteins translocated to the plasma membrane when coexpressed with Gαq Q209L compared with 67% for WT RGS2. The R188H mutant had a significant reduction in Gαq binding affinity (10-fold increase in Ki compared with WT RGS2 in a flow cytometry competition binding assay). This study provides functional data for 16 human RGS2 missense variants on their effects on AT1R-mediated calcium mobilization and provides molecular understanding of those variants with functional loss in vitro. These molecular behaviors can provide insight to inform antihypertensive therapeutics in individuals with variants having reduced function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoa T N Phan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Benita Sjögren
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Richard R Neubig
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
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Bai X, Dee R, Mangum KD, Mack CP, Taylor JM. RhoA signaling and blood pressure: The consequence of failing to “Tone it Down”. World J Hypertens 2016; 6:18-35. [DOI: 10.5494/wjh.v6.i1.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Revised: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Uncontrolled high blood pressure is a major risk factor for heart attack, stroke, and kidney failure and contributes to an estimated 25% of deaths worldwide. Despite numerous treatment options, estimates project that reasonable blood pressure (BP) control is achieved in only about half of hypertensive patients. Improvements in the detection and management of hypertension will undoubtedly be accomplished through a better understanding of the complex etiology of this disease and a more comprehensive inventory of the genes and genetic variants that influence BP regulation. Recent studies (primarily in pre-clinical models) indicate that the small GTPase RhoA and its downstream target, Rho kinase, play an important role in regulating BP homeostasis. Herein, we summarize the underlying mechanisms and highlight signaling pathways and regulators that impart tight spatial-temporal control of RhoA activity. We also discuss known allelic variations in the RhoA pathway and consider how these polymorphisms may affect genetic risk for hypertension and its clinical manifestations. Finally, we summarize the current (albeit limited) clinical data on the efficacy of targeting the RhoA pathway in hypertensive patients.
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